Abstract: Provided is a nonlead glass for covering an electrode, which comprises, in mol %, B2O3 15-65%, SiO2 2-38%, MgO 2-30%, MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO 5-45%, Li2O 1-15%, Li2O+Na2O+K2O 2-25% and others, and which comprises ZnO 0-15%. Provided is a nonlead glass for covering an electrode, which comprises, in mol %, B2O3 25-65%, SiO2 2-38%, MgO 2-30%, MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO 5-45%, Li2O+Na2O+K2O 2-25%, Al2O3 0-30, TiO 0-10% and ZnO 0-15%.

Abstract: Various embodiments described herein include rare earth doped glass compositions that may be used in optical fiber and rods having large core sizes. Such optical fibers and rods may be employed in fiber lasers and amplifiers. The index of refraction of the glass may be substantially uniform and may be close to that of silica in some embodiments. Possible advantages to such features include reduction of formation of additional waveguides within the core, which becomes increasingly a problem with larger core sizes.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics include SiO2, Al2O3 and Li2O on oxide basis. In the glass-ceramics, total amount in mass % of SiO2 and Al2O3 is less than 77% and Li2O/(SiO2+Al2O3) which is the ratio in mass % of the amount of Li2O to the total amount of SiO2 and Al2O3 is 0.064 or over. The glass-ceramics include at least one crystal phase selected from the group consisting of ?-quartz, ?-quartz solid solution, ?-eucryptite, ?-eucryptite solid solution, ?-spodumene and ?-spodumene solid solution.

Abstract: The colorless transparent colloid-former-containing glass that is convertible into a colorless transparent glass ceramic or a metal colloid-colored glass ceramic via respective heat treatments contains a combination of one or more metal colloid formers and one or more redox partners. The metal colloid formers are compounds containing Au, Ag, As, Bi, Nb, Cu, Fe, Pd, Pt, Sb and/or Sn. The redox partners are compounds containing As, Ce, Fe, Mn, Sb, Sn and/or W, with the proviso that the redox partner must be different from the metal colloid former.

Abstract: A porous phosphorous glass composition, as calculated in weight percent on an oxide basis, including, for example: about 30-60 SiO2; about 2-25 P2O5; about 0-5 B2O3; about 20-50 Al2O3; about 0.01-20 Na2O; and about 0-20 K2O, the composition having porosity and pore size properties as defined herein. The disclosure also provides a method for making porous phosphorous glass compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mother glass composition for gradient-index lens, from which a lead-free Li-based gradient-index lens that is excellent in weather resistance, in particular weather resistance in the presence of water, can be manufactured. The mother glass composition includes the following components, indicated by mol %: 40?SiO2?65; 1?TiO2?10; 0.1?MgO?22; 0.15?ZnO?15; 2?Li2O?18; 2?Na2O?20; 0?B2O3?20; 0?Al2O3?10; 0?K2O?3; 0?Cs2?O?3; 0?Y2O3?5; 0?ZrO2?2; 0?Nb2O5?5; 0?In2O3?5; 0?La2O3?5; and 0?Ta2O5?5. The mother glass composition further includes at least two oxides selected from CaO, SrO, and BaO each in a range of 0.1 mol % to 15 mol %. The total of MgO+ZnO is greater than or equal to 2 mol %. The molar ratio of ZnO/(MgO+ZnO) is in a range of 0.07 to 0.93. The total of Li2O+Na2O is in a range of 6 mol % to 38 mol %. The total of Y2O3+ZrO2+Nb2O5+In2O3+La2O3+Ta2O5 is in a range of 0 mol % to 11 mol %.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide glass for semiconductor encapsulation and an outer tube for semiconductor encapsulation which are friendly to environment and allow semiconductor electronic parts to have a heat resistance of 700° C. or higher as normal maximum temperature, and semiconductor electronic parts. The glass for semiconductor encapsulation according to the invention contains essentially no lead and the temperature at which viscosity reaches 1010 dPa·s is 700° C. or higher. According to such a constitution, since the glass contains essentially no lead, no harmful ingredients are discharged in the production of the outer tube for semiconductor encapsulation and in the production of the semiconductor electronic parts and thus the glass is friendly to environment. Moreover, since the temperature at which viscosity reaches 1010 dPa·s is 700° C. or higher, semiconductor electronic parts such as a bead thermistor using the same has a heat resistance of 700° C.

Abstract: A bioactive glass composition, a method and an implant. The glass composition comprising SiO2, Na2O, K2O, CaO, and P2O5, having the following composition: SiO2 48-52 wt-%, Na2O 9-15 wt-%, K2O 12-18 wt-%, CaO 10-16 wt-%, P2O51 - 7 wt-%, TiO2 0.2-2 wt-%, B2O3 0-4 wt-%, and MgO 0-6 wt-%, wherein Na2O+K2O>25 wt-%, MgO+CaO>14 wt-%, and B2O3/P2O5>0.3.

Abstract: The present invention provides glass compositions and glass coating systems for use on glass substrates in several industrial applications. It relates to a lead-free and cadmium-free glass enamel coating made primarily by utilizing at least one or more of lead-free and cadmium-free glass compositions comprising in weight percent from about 26% to about 63% SiO2, from about 2% to about 10.5% ZnO, from about 8% to about 20% B2O3, from about 0.1% to about 10% Bi2O3, up to about 12% Na2O, from about 0.1% to about 17% K2O, up to about 6% Li2O, from about 0.1% to about 22% of Ta2O5, from about 0.0% to about 22% of Nb2O5, up to about 8% from each of Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2, BaO and SrO, from about 0.1% to about 7% Sb2O3, up to about 7% F2, up to about 4% from each of CaO, Mo2O3 and MgO, and from about 0.1% to about 4% of one or more of La2O3, Nd2O3, Pr2O3 and Ce2O3.

Abstract: A family of glasses from the SiO2—Al2O3—P2O5 ternary system exhibiting high strain point, transparency, and low coefficient of thermal expansion. The glasses have the following composition, expressed in mol percent and calculated from the glass batch on an oxide basis: 55-80 SiO2, 12-30 Al2O3, and 2-15 P2O5.

Abstract: A method of treating sensitive teeth includes (1) attaching a fluoride releasing glass composition to a person's tooth, and (2) allowing fluoride to be slowly released over time in order to reduce chronic and/or acute tooth sensitivity. A preferred glass composition comprises the general empirical formula given below, expressed in approximate weight percent of the element: P: 16-24, F: 5-30, O: 20-40 and at least one of Na, K, Li, or Al in an amount up to a total of about 40 weight percent and optionally, up to about 5 weight percent of boron and/or silicon.

Abstract: Lithium silicate materials are described which can be easily processed by machining to dental products without undue wear of the tools and which subsequently can be converted into lithium silicate products showing high strength.

Abstract: An opalescent glass-ceramic product, especially for use as a dental material or as an additive to or component of dental material, including SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5, Na2O, K2O, CaO and Me(IV))O2. In order to obtain improved opalescence with improved transparency, in addition to fluorescence, thermal expansion and a combustion temperature adapted to other materials, the opalescent ceramic product is completely or substantially devoid of ZrO2 and TiO2, such that the Me(II)O content in the glass ceramic is less than approximately 4 wt % and the Me(IV)O2 content amounts to approximately 0.5-3 wt %. The invention also relates to a method for the production of the opalescent glass-ceramic product.

Abstract: A pressable dental ceramic comprising a mixture of glass and glass-ceramic frits. A refractory filler is also combined with the frits. The dental ceramic contains an amount of leucite less than about 35 percent by weight. Other additives may be included such as pigments, opacifying agents and fluorescing agents. The dental ceramic comprises a cellular-like microstructure comprised of glassy regions surrounded by clusters of leucite crystals distributed around those glassy regions forming a cellular three-dimensional network.

Abstract: A method of facilitating the crystallisation of a macromolecule comprising the step of adding a mesoporous glass to a crystallisation sample wherein the mesoporous glass comprises pores having diameters between 4 nm and 100 nm and has a surface area of at least 50 m2/g. A method of facilitating the crystallisation of a macromolecule comprising the step of adding to a crystallisation sample a mesoporous glass of the composition Si02; CaO—P205-SiO2 or Na20-CaO—P205-SiO2, wherein each of the Ca, P, Si or Na atoms within the compositions may be substituted with a suitable atom chosen from B, Al, Ti, Mg, or K, and, optionally, the composition may also include heavy elements to enhance X-ray diffraction contrast such as Ag, Au, Cr, Co, Sr, Ba, Pt, Ta or other atom with an atomic number over 20.

Abstract: The present invention relates to glass, glass-ceramic materials, lamp reflectors and processes for making them. The glass material has a composition, by weight of the total composition, comprising 56–67% SiO2; 9–22% Al2O3; 3.4–3.8% Li2O; 1.8–2.6% ZnO; 1.5–2.5% MgO; 3.3–5% TiO2; 0–2.5% ZrO2; 1.5–3% B2O3; 0–6% P2O5; 0–0.6% F; less than 500 ppm Fe; and components resulting from effective amount of at least one refining agent. The glass-ceramic material of the present invention contains ?-spodumene solid solution as the predominant crystalline phase, and can be obtained by proper thermal treatment of the glass-ceramic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antimicrobial silicate glass with the following weight composition in wt. % based on oxides: SiO2 20 to 70, Na2O 5 to 30, K2O 0 to 5, P2O5 1 to 15, B2O3 0 to 10, CaO 4 to 30, AgO 0 to 2, ZnO 0 to 8, CuO 0 to 5, MgO 0 to 8, Al2O3 0 to 7, CeO2 0 to 5, Fe2O3 0 to 2 whereby the sum of the components AgO, CuO, CeO2 is >10 ppm, preferably ?100 ppm and <8 wt. %.

Abstract: A substrate for flat panel display glasses comprising a glass the P2O5—SiO2—Al2O3 ternary system which yields stable glasses exhibiting high strain point temperatures, resistance to devitrification, good chemical durability, excellent dielectric properties, coefficients of thermal expansion that can be tailored to match that of silicon, and having liquidus viscosities that enable forming by conventional methods. The glass comprises the following composition as calculated in weight percent on an oxide basis: P2O5 33–75%, SiO2 2–52%, Al2O3 8–35%.

Abstract: A glass composition having the general empirical formula given below, expressed in weight percent of the element: P: 16–24, F: 5–30, O: 20–40 and at least one of Na, K, Li or Al in an amount up to a total of 40 wt. % and optionally, up to 5 wt. % of boron and/or silicon. The composition may be used for the treatment and/or prevention of dental caries by providing a slow fluoride releasing device that may be attached to a tooth to release fluoride into the saliva or an individual.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and disinfecting glass, whereby the glass comprises: 30–95 wt. % SiO2,0–40 wt. % Na 2O, 0–40 wt. % K2O, 0–40 wt. % Li2O, 0–35 wt. % CaO, 0–10 wt. % MgO, 0–10 wt. % Al2O3, 0–15 wt. % P2O5 wt. % B2O3?, 0–10 wt. % NaF, 0–10 wt. % LiF, 0–10 wt. % KF, 0–10 wt. % CaF2, 0–5 wt. % Ag2O, 0–10 wt. % MgF2,0–2 wt. % Fe2O3and 0–10 wt. % XJy, where X?Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ag or Zn and y=1 or y=2 and the sum of XJy> is 10 ppm.

Abstract: An optical glass has optical constants which are an refractive index (nd) of 1.70–1.75 and an Abbe number (vd) of 45.0–54.0; a glass transformation temperature (Tg) of 500–580° C. The glass has the following composition in mass percent of: SiO2 more than 5–15%; B2O3 20-less than 30%; a total amount of SiO2+B2O3 more than 25–40%; La2O3 more than 21-less than 30%; Y2O3 more than 5–15%; Gd2O3 0-less than 10%; ZrO2 1–8%; Nb2O5 0.1–5%; Ta2O5 more than 5–12%; a total amount of ZrO2+Nb2O5+Ta2O5 7–20%; ZnO 0–10%; CaO 0–10%; SrO 0–5%; BaO 0–10%; a total amount of ZnO+CaO+SrO+BaO 5–15%; Li2O 1–8%; Sb2O3 0–1%; and As2O3 0–1%. The glass is substantially free of Yb2O3 and Al2O3. Devitrification is not generated when the optical glass is kept at a temperature of 920° C. for two hours.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a glass-ceramic comprising a continuous glass phase and a crystal phase comprising tetragonal leucite, wherein the glass-ceramic has a crack-free glass phase and a crystal phase comprising leucite crystals distributed essentially homogeneously in the glass phase. The crystal phase has a particle size distribution made of from about 5% to about 70% of a first group of leucite crystals having particle sizes of <1 ?m and from about 30% to about 95% of a second group of leucite crystals having particle sizes of ?1 ?m. The proportion of Li2O in the glass-ceramic is preferably below 0.5% by weight. It is preferred that not only the glass phase but also the crystal phase is essentially free of cracks. The corresponding glass-ceramics are particularly suitable for use in the dental sector, in particular as facing ceramics.

Abstract: The invention describes a lead-free and arsenic-free special short flint glass with a refractive index 1.60?nd?1.65, an Abbe number of 41??d?52, a relative partial dispersion 0.551?PgF?0.570 in the blue spectral region, a relative partial dispersion 0.507?PCs?0.525 in the red spectral region, a negative deviation of the relative partial dispersion from the normal line ?Pg,F??0.0045 and an improved chemical resistance which has the following composition (in % by weight): SiO2 >50–65?? Al2O3 0–7 B2O3 0–6 Li2O 0–6 Na2O ?3–11 K2O 0–6 MgO ?0–12 CaO ?1–12 BaO 0–8 La2O3 ?0–15 Ta2O5 ?0–10 Nb2O5 ?4–20 ZrO2 >10–20?? ?(CaO + MgO + BaO) ?1–25 ?(Na2O + K2O + Li2O) ?3–20 SiO2/(ZrO2 + La2O3 + Nb2O5 + Ta2O5) 1.5–2.3.

Abstract: Glass for a light filter capable of preventing variation of refractive index in a band-pass filter has a coefficient of thermal expansion within a range from 90×10?7/° C. within a temperature range from ?20° C. to +70° C. and, preferably, Young's modulus of 75 GPa or over and Vickers hardness of 550 or over, and light transmittance for plate thickness of 10 mm of 90% or over within a wavelength range from 950 nm to 1600 nm.

Abstract: An alkaline-earth aluminosilicate glass having a composition (in % by weight, based on oxide) of SiO2>55-64; Al2O3 13-18; B2O3 0-5.5; M5O 0-7; CaO 5.5-14; SrO 0-8; BaO 6-17; ZrO2 0-2; CeO2 0-0.3; TiO2 0-0.5; CoO 0.01-0.035; Fe2O3 0.005-0.05; and NiO 0-0.

Abstract: A method of producing a single-phase composition Mn+1AzXn, primarily the production of the single-phase material Ti3SiC2, where n lies within a range of 0.8-3.2, where z lies within a range of 0.8-1.2, where M is at least one metal taken from the group of metals Ti (titanium), Sc (scandium), V (vanadium), Cr (chromium), Zr (zirconium), Nb (niobium) and Ta (tantalum), where X is at least one of the non-metals C (carbon) and N nitrogen), and where A is at least one of the chemical elements Si (silicon), Al (aluminum) and Sn (tin) or a compound of those elements, such that the final, desired compound will include the components Mn+1AzXn. A powder mixture of the components is formed and is ignited under an inert atmosphere to prevent promotion of dissociation and to cause the components to react.

Abstract: An optical glass having a positive anomalous dispersion comprises, in mass %, SiO2 40-60% B2O3 3-9% TiO2 ?3-15% Nb2O5 0.1-5.0% Al2O3 ?3-15% WO3 0.5-5.0% MgO 0-3% CaO 0-3% SrO 0-3% BaO 0-3% K2O exceeding 10% and up to 21% Na2O ?0-10% Sb2O3 0-1% and a fluoride or fluorides of a metal element or elements ??3-10%, contained in the above metal oxides, a total amount of F contained in the fluoride or fluorides is free of PbO and As2O3 except for unavoidable mixing of these compounds as impurities, has optical constants of a refractive index (nd) within the range from 1.48 to less than 1.55 and an Abbe number (?d) within the range from 45 to 55, and has an anomalous dispersion (??g,F) of +0.0010 or over.

Abstract: An optical system for optical communications is composed of a transparent material having a refractive index distribution formed by changing the molar ratio of metal oxide with valence of 2 or more. The metal oxide with valence of 2 or more includes, for example, Fe2O3. Using such an optical system for optical communications, optical communication components such as an optical fiber collimator and an optical isolator are composed.

Abstract: A candidate composition is prepared. For the candidate composition, the basicity was calculated. With reference to the basicity thus calculated, the fusibility with a mold is evaluated. With reference to the result of evaluation, the composition is determined. A glass material is prepared to have the determined composition, melted, and formed. Thus, a mold-press forming glass having the basicity adjusted to be equal to 11 or less is produced.

Abstract: The cooking panel is made from an opaque glass-ceramic material uniformly colored throughout and having keatite mixed crystals as the predominant crystalline phase. The cooking panel is made by ceramicizing a ceramicizable glass or a transparent glass-ceramic with high quartz mixed crystals as the predominant crystalline phase in a definite color location range with a brightness parameter value (L*) less than 85 and a color shade and chromaticity according to its later service and wear pattern. The cooking panel makes deposited material, such as dirt and the like, less conspicuous.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of vitrifying waste and for lowering the melting point of glass forming systems by including lithia formers in the glass forming composition in significant amounts, typically from about 0.16 wt % to about 11 wt %, based on the total glass forming oxides. The lithia is typically included as a replacement for alkali oxide glass formers that would normally be present in a particular glass forming system. Replacement can occur on a mole percent or weight percent basis, and typically results in a composition wherein lithia forms about 10 wt % to about 100 wt % of the alkali oxide glass formers present in the composition. The present invention also relates to the high lithia glass compositions formed by these methods.

Abstract: There is provided a glass-ceramic which is suitable for use as a light filter. The glass-ceramic has Young's modulus (GPa) within a range from 95 to 120 and includes 5.3-8 weight percent of Al2O3, 0.5-3.5 weight percent of ZrO2 and 71-81 weight percent of SiO2, based respectively on the total content of the oxides. The glass-ceramic preferably has, as its predominant crystal phases, (a) lithium disilicate (Li2O.2SiO2) and (b) at least one of &agr;-quartz (&agr;-SiO2) and &agr;-quartz solid solution (&agr;-SiO2 solid solution), has specific gravity within a range from 2.4 to 2.6 and has a coefficient of thermal expansion within a range from 65×10−7/° C. to 130×10−7/° C. within a temperature range from −50° C. to +70° C.

Abstract: Abrasive compositions which include bioactive materials, such as bioactive glass and bioactive ceramics, which provide biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant effects, improved wound healing, and/or other beneficial effects are provided. Methods for abrading human or animal tissue, such as human skin, by contacting such tissue with these abrasive compositions is also provided. When used as an abrasive material, these biological properties benefit the body surfaces being abraded.

Abstract: A compositional range for a mother glass composition for graded index lenses which has a desired refractive index and is less apt to be devitrified and to develop cracks upon ion exchange was obtained by incorporating at least a given amount of one or more ingredients which are selected from oxides of metal elements ranging from yttrium, atomic number 39, to tantalum, atomic number 73, and which are less apt to cause glass coloration into a glass based on SiO2—TiO2—Li2O—Na2O and containing no lead oxide. In particular, a compositional range in which a large angular aperture is obtained and devitrification is less apt to occur was obtained by incorporating Ta2O5 and ZrO2 in a specific proportion and in specific amounts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving soft tissue attachment comprising the steps of coating a surface of a material, to which surface soft tissue is to be attached, with a coating rich in TiO2 and/or SiO2, and applying said coating wherein soft tissue attachment is desired. The invention further relates to an implant wherein a surface or surfaces of said implant intended to be attached to soft tissue are coated with a porous coating rich in TiO2 and/or SiO2. The invention also relates to the use of a porous surface coating rich in TiO2, SiO2, or TiO2 and SiO2, for the manufacture of an implant for soft tissue attachment to said coating.

Abstract: Rolls include a core and a glass outer coating on the core. The glass can be electrically charged and discharged. The outer coatings have smooth finishes and controlled electrical properties. The outer coatings can also provide selected mechanical, chemical and thermal properties. The rolls can be used in various applications in which controlled electrical properties are desired. For example, the rolls can be used as charge donor rolls in electrostatographic imaging apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of ions of weakly basic oxides as linking ions for polyacids in cements, preferably polyelectrolyte cements. Suitable ions comprise elements of the scandium series, for example, Sc3+, Y3+, La3+, Ce4+ and all subsequent tri- and tetra-valent lanthanides and the ions Mg2+, Zn2+, Ga2+, In2+. The application of said ions permits a regulation of the cement reaction without surface treatment of the glass powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a mixture of bioactive glass and dental glass for producing an agent for a permanent dental filling. The bioactive glass is preferably contained in a binding agent for binding a dental filling to a tooth, in a glass-ionomer cement, in a glass-plastic composite, in a composite-reinforced glass-ionomer cement and/or in an agent for treating the tooth root, the neck of the tooth and/or the tooth crown and preferably contains fluoride ions.

Abstract: The invention relates to lead-free optical glasses which have refractive indices nd of between 1.65 and 1.80 and Abbe numbers &ngr;d of between 21 and 33 and possess the following composition (in % by weight, based on oxide): SiO2 27-40; B2O3 0-<0.5; Al2O3 0-6; Na2O 7-18; K2O 1-10; BaO 1-10; SrO 0-3; CaO 0.5-5; MgO 0-3; with BaO+SrO+CaO+MgO<15; TiO2 21-37; ZrO2 0-7; Nb2O5 5-17; WO3 0.1-7.

Abstract: Potassium-zinc-silicate glasses are described which because of their high chemical stability as well as their optical properties and favorable working properties are suitable in particular as coating or veneering materials for ceramic dental suprastructures and thus for the preparation of all-ceramic dental restorations, such as crowns or bridges.

Abstract: Foodstuffs filled in glass containers undergo a change in taste under the influence of light. In order to combat such changes in taste the glass according to the invention contains vanadium pentoxide. Since pure vanadium pentoxide is relative expensive, the invention proposes a way of using a mixture of vanadium pentoxide and phosphorous oxide which is available as an economical aggregate. This type of glass is preferably used to accomodate foodstuffs. The glass containing vanadium pentoxide and phosphorous oxide is particularly suited for bottles to hold beer. Such bottles exhibit particularly effective light protection properties when they are made of so-called white glass.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of vitrifying waste and for lowering the melting point of glass forming systems by including lithia formers in the glass forming composition in significant amounts, typically from about 0.16 wt % to about 11 wt %, based on the total glass forming oxides. The lithia is typically included as a replacement for alkali oxide glass formers that would normally be present in a particular glass forming system. Replacement can occur on a mole percent or weight percent basis, and typically results in a composition wherein lithia forms about 10 wt % to about 100 wt % of the alkali oxide glass formers present in the composition. The present invention also relates to the high lithia glass compositions formed by these methods.

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical colored glass with a composition (in percent by weight based on oxide) of

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparation of crystallized glass obtained by making a glass containing TiO2 subjected to a phase separation step and a crystallization step, where the phase separation step has heat treatment of the glass at a temperature in a range from a temperature of the glass transition temperature Tg (Tg−30° C.) to a temperature 60° C. higher than the glass transition temperature Tg (Tg+60° C.). There are also disclosed a crystallized glass for information recording disk composed of the crystallized glass obtained by the preparation process, where a mean particle size of the crystal particles is in a range of equal to or less than 100 nm, or where a transparency at a wavelength of 600 nm is 40% or higher; and an information recording disk, composed of the glass, having a polished surface with a surface roughness Ra (JIS B0601) in a range from 0.1 to 0.5 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass substrate of which the outer periphery portion is unprocessed. The present invention also relates to a manufacturing method for a glass substrate of which the outer periphery portion is unprocessed, characterized in that a first lapping process, a second lapping process, a polishing process and a washing process are carried out after a press molding process is carried out so as to compress glass between an upper mold and a lower mold without regulating the edge surface of the outer periphery portion of the glass and, then, a crystallization process or an annealing process is carried out.

Abstract: The invention relates to lead-free optical glasses which have refractive indices nd of between 1.65 and 1.80 and Abbe numbers &ngr;d of between 21 and 33 and possess the following composition (in % by weight, based on oxide) SiO2 27-40; B2O3 0-<0.5; Al2O3 0-6; Na2O 7-18; K2O 1-10; BaO 1-10; SrO 0-3; CaO 0.5-5; MgO 0-3; with BaO+SrO+CaO+MgO<15; TiO2 21-37; ZrO2 0-7; Nb2O5 5-17; WO3 0.1-7.

Abstract: A family of titania lanthana aluminosilicate glasses, and products such as an electronic device having a poly-silicon coating on such glass as a substrate, are disclosed. The glasses have a strain point in excess of 780° C., a coefficient of thermal expansion of 20-60×10−7/° C., a Young's modulus of greater than 12 Mpsi and are chemically durable.

Abstract: The lead-free optical glasses have an index of refraction (nd) between 1.49 and 1.55 and an Abbé number (&ngr;d) between 47 and 59. They contain (in percent by weight on an oxide basis) 60 to 70, SiO2; 0.3 to 5, Al2O3; 16 to 25, Na2O; 0 to 9, TiO2; 0 to 7, advantageously 0.1 to 2, ZrO2; 0 to <0.5, Nb2O5; 0 to 7, Ta2O5 and 0 to 3, F. The lead-free optical glass is advantageously free of arsenic oxide, except for impurities, and contains antimony oxide as a fining agent.

Abstract: High-strength sinterable lithium disilicate glass ceramics are described which can be further processed in particular by pressing in the viscous state to shaped dental products.

Abstract: A graded index lens is obtained by treating a raw glass material having a rod shape by ion exchange using silver to form a refractive index distribution in the radial direction of the rod, wherein the raw glass material comprises a glass composition of the following components: 15<Na2O≦30 mol %; 10<Al2O3≦25 mol %; 27.5≦SiO2≦55 mol %; 3≦B2O3≦18 mol %; 2.5≦MgO≦18 mol %; 0≦Ta2O5≦5 mol %; 0≦La2O3≦3 mol %; 0≦BaO≦3 mol %; and 0≦ZrO2≦3 mol %.