Abstract: The invention pertains to the field of catalysts. Disclosed is a method for preparing an oxygen reduction catalyst employing graphite of a negative electrode of a waste battery. The method comprises the following steps: (1) recovering graphite slag from a waste battery, then performing heat treatment on the graphite slag; (2) performing ball-milling and mixing on the treated graphite slag, an iron salt, and a nitrogenous organic compound to acquire a catalyst precursor; (3) performing carbonization treatment on the catalyst precursor in an inert gas atmosphere to acquire a carbon-based mixture comprising iron and nitrogen; and (4) dissolving the carbon-based mixture comprising iron and nitrogen in an acid solution, performing filtration and drying, performing carbonization treatment again in an inert gas atmosphere, so as to acquire an oxygen reduction catalyst employing graphite of a negative electrode of a waste battery.

Abstract: Platinum films can be obtained by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) using one or more Pt-dialkyldithiocarbamate complexes of formula Pt(S2CNR2), wherein R is independently alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl, particularly as single source precursors. Such methods may include heating a substrate to a deposition temperature above 150° C. in a reactor; and introducing into the reactor, at the deposition temperature, an aerosol including a platinum dithiocarbamate compound, salt, and/or solvate thereof, to thereby deposit the platinum layer on the substrate. The Pt(S2CNR2)-derived films have well-connected and defect-free surface topography and better catalytic performance, likely due to their high conductivity and reflectivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst for use in hydrotreating hydrocarbon feedstocks and methods of making the same catalyst. Specifically, a catalyst is disclosed comprises at least one Group VIB metal component, at least one Group VIII metal component, an organic additive resulting in a C-content of the final catalysts of about 1 to about 30 wt % C, and preferably about 1 to about 20 wt % C, and more preferably about 5 to about 15 wt % C and a titanium-containing carrier component, wherein the amount of the titanium component is in the range of about 3 to about 60 wt %, expressed as an oxide (TiO2) and based on the total weight of the catalyst. The titanium-containing carrier is formed by co-extruding or precipitating a titanium source with a AI2O3 precursor to form a porous support material primarily comprising AI2O3 or by impregnating a titanium source onto a porous support material primarily comprising AI2O3.

Abstract: Provided herein are adhesive compositions comprising a polyurea-poly(meth)acrylate interpenetrating polymer network. Further provided are two-part curable adhesive compositions comprising a Part A initiator composition and a Part B activator composition. The Part A initiator composition comprises an organoborane-amine complex and the Part B activator composition comprises an isocyanate that is reactive with the amine portion of the organoborane-amine complex to liberate organoborane from the organoborane-amine complex. Further provided are methods of using an adhesive composition comprising a polyurea-poly(meth)acrylate interpenetrating polymer network, such as, for example, in joining and/or bonding together polyolefin materials (e.g., polypropylene random copolymer (PP-R) pipes).

Abstract: A sensor can include a conductive region in electrical communication with at least two electrodes, the conductive region can include a composite of a polymer and SWCNTs immobilized onto a substrate. In certain embodiment, a linker can be grafted on the substrate. The linker can connect the substrate and the composite of the polymer and SWCNTs. In certain embodiments, the linker can covalently bond the polymer to the substrate. In certain embodiments, metal nanoparticles or ions can be incorporated as a metal sensitizer to confer further selectivity or sensitivity to the device. In certain embodiments, the polymer can act as a ligand for a variety of metal ions. By incorporating a specific metal ion, the sensor can selectively detect a specific analyte. In certain embodiments, the composite of the polymer and SWCNTs can be functionalized. In certain embodiments, the composite can further include a sensing element.

Abstract: Process for the direct conversion of alkenes to carboxylic acids.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides catalysts for the carbonylation of heterocycles. The inventive catalysts feature metal-ligand complexes having cationic functional groups tethered to the ligand, wherein the tethered cationic groups are associated with anionic metal carbonyl species. The invention also provides methods of using the inventive catalysts to affect the ring opening carbonylation of epoxides.

Abstract: A process for making cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing at least one transition metal (M) utilizes a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles prepared by mechanical shearing of an aqueous mixture containing an oxidant in an amount effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to ceric ion, thereby forming a product stream that contains transition metal-containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles, Ce1-xMxO2, wherein “x” has a value from about 0.3 to about 0.8. The nanoparticles thus obtained have a cubic fluorite structure, a mean hydrodynamic diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than about 4 nm. The transition metal-containing crystalline cerium dioxide nanoparticles can be used to prepare a dispersion of the particles in a nonpolar medium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for forming an oligomer product comprising (a) introducing into a reaction zone (i) ethylene; (ii) a heteroatomic ligand metal salt complex comprising a heteroatomic ligand complexed to a first metal salt; (iii) a second metal salt wherein an equivalent molar ratio of the second metal salt to the heteroatomic ligand of the heteroatomic ligand metal salt complex is at least 0.5:1 and where the second metal salt is an iron salt, a cobalt salt, or any combination thereof; (iv) an organoaluminum compound; and (b) forming an oligomer product. Also disclosed herein is a process comprising (a) introducing into a reaction zone (i) ethylene; (ii) a heteroatomic ligand; (iii) a metal salt where an equivalent molar ratio of the metal salt to the heteroatomic ligand is at least 1.5:1; (iv) an organoaluminum compound; and (b) forming an oligomer product.

Abstract: A heterogeneous polynuclear complex for use as a raw material in the chemical deposition of composite metal or composite metal thin films with the below formula. In the formula, M1 and M2 are mutually different transition metals, x is an integer of 0 or more and 2 or less, y is in integer of 1 or more and 2 or less, z is an integer of 1 or more and 10 or less, R1 to R4 are each one of a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group with a carbon number of 1 or more and 5 or less, and R5 is a hydrogen atom, a carbonyl, an alkyl group with a carbon number of 1 or more and 7 or less, an allyl group or an allyl derivative. The heterogeneous polynuclear complex allows a composite metal thin film or a composite metal compound thin film containing a plurality of metals to be formed from a single raw material.

Abstract: A method for producing a cross-linked siloxane network comprises the steps of: (a) providing a first part comprising (i) a first siloxane compound comprising at least one cyclic siloxane moiety, (ii) an inorganic particulate material, and (iii) an aminosilane compound, (b) providing a second part, the second part comprising a hydroxide salt, (c) combining the first part and the second part to produce a reaction mixture, (d) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature sufficient for the hydroxide salt to open the ring of the cyclic siloxane moiety, and (e) maintaining the reaction mixture at an elevated temperature so that at least a portion of the opened cyclic siloxane moieties react to produce a cross-linked siloxane network.

Abstract: Ligands for use with catalyst compositions used in hydroformylation reactions are described herein. The ligands are used with various octofluorotoluene or hydrocarbon solvents and achieve an increase in isoselectivity with an increase in temperature, an increase in TON with an increase in temperature, and/or will show isoselectivity that is surprisingly high in comparison to the hydroformylation reactions using common solvents.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to processes for producing aldehydes wherein an olefinic compound, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen are reacted in the presence of a solubilized rhodium-phosphorous complex. In one embodiment, the process comprises (a) receiving a vaporized aldehyde product stream downstream from a hydroformylation reactor, the vaporized aldehyde product stream comprising aldehydes, phosphorous ligand, and aldehyde condensation by-products; (b) contacting the vaporized aldehyde product stream with a partial condenser so as to condense the phosphorous ligand and the by-products, wherein up to 10 weight percent of the vaporized stream is condensed; (c) removing the condensed phosphorous ligand and the condensed by-products from the liquid condensation stream using a refining column; and (d) further processing the vaporized aldehydes from the separate refining column.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) where R1 is selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl; R2 is selected from —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl, —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl; R3 is —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl; and R1, R2 and R3 may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl-(C6-C20)-aryl, —O—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —S—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —S—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —COO—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —COO—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —CONH—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —CONH—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —CO—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —COO—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —N—[(C1-C12)-alkyl]2, —(C6-C20)-aryl, —(C6-C20)-aryl-(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl-O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl, —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl-(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl-O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —COOH, —OH, —SO3H, —NH2, halogen.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising the product obtained by contacting (a) a solid catalyst component containing Mg, Ti, halogen and at least an electron donor compound selected from phenylene aromatic diesters of a specific formula (b) an alkylaluminum cocatalyst and (c) an ester of formula R?OOC—(CR?2)m—COOR? in which m is an integer from 2 to 7, the R? groups, equal to or different from each other, are C1-C10 alkyl groups and the R? groups, independently, are hydrogen or C1-C15 hydrocarbon groups.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process of esterification in presence of a catalyst. The catalyst of the present disclosure is an aryloxy based phosphoric acid having general formula [{ArO}2P(O)OH] and is represented by the structure: wherein, Ar represents aryl compounds. The process of esterification is carried out by the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in a fluid medium in the presence of the aryloxy based phosphoric acid catalyst resulting in the corresponding ester. The process of the present disclosure is simple and results in a product having a comparatively higher purity.

Abstract: In one aspect, cobalt complexes are described herein. In some embodiments, such cobalt complexes are operable as catalysts for hydroboration and borylation applications.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an agent for inhibiting biocorrosion of a metal, which shows high environmental and occupational safety. An agent for inhibiting biocorrosion of a metal, comprising 1,9-nonanedial and/or 2-methyl-1,8-octanedial as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A lignocellulosic composite article includes a plurality of lignocellulosic pieces and an adhesive system disposed on the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces for bonding the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces. The adhesive system includes a binder component and a compatibilizer component. An example of a suitable binder component is an isocyanate component, e.g. a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI), and combinations thereof. The compatibilizer component includes a trialkyl phosphate. The compatibilizer component is utilized in an amount of at least about 0.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder component. The compatibilizer component is useful for reducing the amount of press time required during manufacture of the composite article. The adhesive system can include additional components, such as an isocyanate-reactive component.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a cyclic carbonate obtained by reacting epoxide and carbon dioxide in the presence of a quaternary onium salt as a counter ion or a quaternary phosphonium salt having a halogenated anion as a counter ion, or in the presence of a solid catalyst obtained by immobilizing the quaternary onium salt onto a carrier, wherein an organohalogen compound containing at least one halogen atom in one molecule is added to the reaction system.

Abstract: A novel odorant of formula (I) wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R3, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are independently selected from H, CH3, and C2H5; X is selected from —CH2OH, —CH2OCOCH3 and —CHO, n is selected from 0 and 1. The dotted line represents double bond or single bond.

Abstract: Treatment fluids for use in subterranean formations, particularly sandstone and other siliceous formations, may contain a source of fluoride ions to aid in mineral dissolution. In some cases, it may be desirable to generate the fluoride ions from a fluoride ion precursor, particularly a hydrofluoric acid precursor, such as a boron trifluoride complex. Methods described herein can comprise providing a treatment fluid that comprises an aqueous base fluid, a boron trifluoride complex, and a chelating agent composition, and introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation.

Abstract: An acid gas absorbent includes at least one kind of secondary amine compound represented by formula (1): where R1 is a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group which may be substituted by a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 each indicate an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R2 and R3 may each be the same or different, and be a straight chain or have a side chain.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) where m and n are each independently 0 or 1; R1, R2, R3, R4 are each independently selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl, —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl; at least one of the R1, R2, R3, R4 radicals is a —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl radical; and R1, R2, R3, R4, if they are —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl or —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl, may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from —(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —(C3-C12)-heterocycloalkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —O—(C1-C12)-alkyl-(C6-C20)-aryl, —O—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —S—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —S—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —COO—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —COO—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —CONH—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —CONH—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —CO—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —CO—(C3-C12)-cycloalkyl, —N—[(C1-C12)-alkyl]2, —(C6-C20)-aryl, —(C6-C20)-aryl-(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C6-C20)-aryl-O—(C1-C12)-alkyl, —(C3-C20)-heteroaryl, —(C3-C20)-heteroary

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions comprising cross-linkers for cross-linking a retention vehicle polymer. The compositions are particularly useful for local administration of a bioactive agent, wherein prolonged or extended availability of the bioactive agent at the site of administration is desired. Also disclosed are methods of delivering the compositions to a subject.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for generating Li2O2 or composites of it, the method uses mixing lithium ions with oxygen ions in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst comprises a plurality of metal clusters, their alloys and mixtures, each cluster consisting of between 3 and 18 metal atoms. The invention also describes a lithium-air battery which uses a lithium metal anode, and a cathode opposing the anode. The cathode supports metal clusters, each cluster consisting of size selected clusters, taken from a range of between approximately 3 and approximately 18 metal atoms, and an electrolyte positioned between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for purifying a trivalent phosphorous ligand that can be used for the preparation of catalysts for a hydroformylation process. In one embodiment, a process comprises: (A) contacting a trivalent phosphorous ligand, a contaminant metal, a first solvent, a polar complexing agent and a second solvent to form a mixture, (B) obtaining a first phase comprising the ligand and the first solvent, (C) obtaining a second phase comprising the second solvent and at least one complex of the contaminant metal and the polar complexing agent, and (D) separating the two phases prior to preparing a catalyst for use in a hydroformylation reactor.

Abstract: Catalyst composition produced by combining a cobalt-containing precursor in an alkyl alcohol with a phosphine ligand to the solution; and subsequently adding an iodine compound. Reductive carbonylation processes using the catalyst composition to produce aldehydes are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the production of cyclic carbonates comprising contacting an epoxide with carbon dioxide in the presence of a dimeric aluminum(salen) catalyst, and a co-catalyst capable of supplying Y?, where Y is selected from Cl, Br and I, where the dimeric aluminum(salen) catalyst is of formula I:

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the reductive carbonylation of methanol to produce acetaldehyde. The process includes conducting the reaction to produce acetaldehyde in the presence of a catalyst comprising a complex composed of cobalt, an onium cation and iodide in a ratio of 1:2:4, a phosphine ligand, and a phosphonium iodide. The reductive carbonylation reaction produces a crude reductive carbonylation product substantially free of methyl iodide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst system capable of catalyzing the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, which system is obtainable by combining: a) a metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB or a compound thereof, b) a bidentate phosphine, arsine or stibine ligand, and c) an acid, wherein said ligand is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said metal or said metal in said metal compound, and that said acid is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said ligand, a process for the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, a reaction medium, and use of the system.

Abstract: Nickel(II) compositions for use in manufacturing nickel metal (Ni(0)) compositions, and specifically to methods of making basic nickel carbonates used to produce nickel metal compositions are disclosed. By varying the molar ratios of carbonates and bicarbonates to nickel salts, the methods provide basic nickel carbonates that produce superior nickel metal-containing solids that are well-suited to forming nickel-ligand complexes with phosphorus-containing ligands. The phosphorus-containing ligands can be monodentate or bidentate phosphorus-containing ligands.

Abstract: A catalyst system and a method for manufacturing cyclic carbonate by the same are provided. The catalyst system includes a transition metal salt containing a halo group, an acetate group, or a combination thereof, and an organic phosphine ligand. The molar ratio of the organic phosphine ligand to the transition metal salt is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50.

Abstract: A process for making particles comprising a hydrophobic dopant for subsequent release therefrom is disclosed. The process comprises providing an emulsion comprising a hydrophilic phase and a hydrophobic phase dispersed in the hydrophilic phase, and reacting the precursor material to form the particles comprising the dopant therein. The hydrophobic phase comprises a precursor material and the dopant.

Abstract: A composition comprising a supported hydrogenation catalyst comprising palladium and an organophosphorous compound, the supported hydrogenation catalyst being capable of selectively hydrogenating highly unsaturated hydrocarbons to unsaturated hydrocarbons. A method of making a selective hydrogenation catalyst comprising contacting a support with a palladium-containing compound to form a palladium supported composition, contacting the palladium supported composition with an organophosphorus compound to form a catalyst precursor, and reducing the catalyst precursor to form the catalyst.

Abstract: A novel bidentate ligand of general formula (I) is described together with a process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds. The group X1 may be defined as a univalent hydrocarbyl radical of up to 30 atoms containing at least one nitrogen atom having a pKb in dilute aqueous solution at 18° C. of between 4 and 14 wherein the said at least one nitrogen atom is separated from the Q2 atom by between 1 and 3 carbon atoms. The group X2 is defined as X1, X3 or X4 or represents a univalent radical of up to 30 atoms having at least one primary, secondary or aromatic ring carbon atom wherein each said univalent radical is joined via said at least one primary, secondary or aromatic ring carbon atom(s) respectively to the respective atom Q2. Q1 and Q2 each independently represent phosphorus, arsenic or antimony.

Abstract: A highly active, supported phosphinimine catalyst is fed to a gas phase reactor as a slurry in a liquid hydrocarbon. Feeding the catalyst to a gas phase reactor in a viscous liquid hydrocarbon modifies catalyst initiation kinetics.

Abstract: Catalyst mixtures include at least one Catalytically Active Element and, as a separate constituent, one Helper Catalyst. The catalysts can be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These catalysts are useful for a variety of chemical reactions including, in particular, the electrochemical conversion of CO2. Chemical processes employing these catalysts produce CO, OH?, HCO?, H2CO, (HCO2)?, H2CO2, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO?, CH3COOH, C2H6, O2, H2, (COOH)2, or (COO?)2. Devices using the catalysts include, for example, a CO2 sensor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst system for selective oligomerization of ethylene, which includes (i) a chromium compound; (ii) a ligand having a P—C—C—P backbone structure; and (iii) an activator, thus preparing 1-hexene and/or 1-octene with high activity and selectivity.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization is carried out with a supported phosphinimine catalyst which has been treated with a long chain substituted amine compound.

Abstract: A catalytic system for reductive carbonylation of an alcohol that includes a rhodium complex, an iodide-containing catalyst promoter, and a supporting phosphorus-containing bidentate ligand for the rhodium complex containing at least one aromatic substituent covalently attached to at least one phosphorus of the supporting phosphorus-containing bidentate ligand in an ortho position with an alkoxy substituent or an aryloxy substituent.

Abstract: A novel bidentate ligand of general formula (I) is described together with a process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds. The group X1 may be defined as a univalent hydrocarbyl radical of up to 30 atoms containing at least one nitrogen atom having a pKb in dilute aqueous solution at 18° C. of between 4 and 14 wherein the said at least one nitrogen atom is separated from the Q2 atom by between 1 and 3 carbon atoms. The group X2 is defined as X1, X3 or X4 or represents a univalent radical of up to 30 atoms having at least one primary, secondary or aromatic ring carbon atom wherein each said univalent radical is joined via said at least one primary, secondary or aromatic ring carbon atom(s) respectively to the respective atom Q2. Q1 and Q2 each independently represent phosphorus, arsenic or antimony.

Abstract: A process for making particles comprising a hydrophobic dopant for subsequent release therefrom is disclosed. The process comprises providing an emulsion comprising a hydrophilic phase and a hydrophobic phase dispersed in the hydrophilic phase, and reacting the precursor material to form the particles comprising the dopant therein. The hydrophobic phase comprises a precursor material and the dopant.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands in bond forming reactions; and (c) methods of preparing phosphacycle ligands.

Abstract: Phosphoranimide-metal catalysts are disclosed. The catalysts comprise first row transition metals such as nickel, cobalt or iron. The hydrocarbon-soluble catalysts have a metal to anionic phosphoranimide ratio of 1:1, have no inactive bulk phase and no dative ancillary ligands, and are active for a range of commercially important reductive transformations. A method of synthesis of these catalysts by reduction of a precursor of these catalysts is also disclosed.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing a compound and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compound and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

Abstract: A composition and method of making such a composition that has application in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The method comprises selecting an organic additive by the use of a correlation model for predicting catalytic activity as a function of a physical property that is associated with the organic additive and incorporating the organic additive into a support material to provide the additive impregnated composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for hydroformylation reaction and a hydroformylation process using the same. In the hydroformylation process using the catalyst composition according to the present invention, increased catalytic stability and high catalytic activity can be obtained, and the selectivity of iso-aldehyde produced can be desirably controlled.

Abstract: The subject matter of the present invention is a plurality of products and the use thereof as a catalytically active composition in a method for producing aldehydes.

Abstract: Catalytic complexes including a metal atom having anionic ligands, at least one nucleophilic carbene ligand, and an alkylidene, vinylidene, or allenylidene ligand. The complexes are highly stable to air, moisture and thermal degradation. The complexes are designed to efficiently carry out a variety of olefin metathesis reactions.