Abstract: Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and a supported transition metal catalyst—containing molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium—are irradiated with a light beam at a wavelength in the UV-visible spectrum, optionally in an oxidizing atmosphere, to form a reduced transition metal catalyst, followed by hydrolyzing the reduced transition metal catalyst to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound.

Abstract: Metal oxide nanoarrays, such as titanium oxide nanoarrays, having a platinum group metal dispersed thereon and methods of making such nanoarrays are described. The platinum group metal can be dispersed on the metal oxide nanoarray as single atoms. The nanoarrays can be used to catalyze oxidation of combustion exhaust.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an oxide catalyst containing antimony, comprising a step (A) of obtaining the oxide catalyst using antimony particles containing a diantimony trioxide as a source of the antimony, wherein an abundance of a pentavalent antimony in a surface layer of the antimony particle to be measured in XPS analysis is less than 70 atom %, and the antimony particle has an average particle size of 1.2 ?m or less.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a filter which remove acidic gas in the atmosphere with high efficiency and has excellent water resistance. A filter comprising: an aluminium substrate; and an adsorption layer on a surface of the aluminium substrate, wherein the adsorption layer contains activated carbon, a manganese oxide, and an acrylic resin having a pH of 3.0 to 6.5.

Abstract: A catalyst for non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes and a method for making and using the same is disclosed. The catalyst can include vanadium oxide derived from vanadyl oxalate. More particularly the catalyst is prepared by a method comprising the steps of: (a) contacting a transition alumina support with an aqueous solution comprising a vanadium carboxylate material solubilized therein; (b) heating the contacted alumina support to remove the water and produce a catalyst precursor material in solid form; and (c) heating the solid catalyst precursor material in the presence of an oxidizing source at a temperature of 500 to 800° C. to produce an alumina supported catalytic material comprising vanadium oxide. The catalyst can be further modified with an alkali metal oxide like potassium oxide, the precursor thereof being introduced with the impregnation solution.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising—a support comprising TiO2,—a composite oxide containing vanadium and antimony, which has a rutile-type structure different from VSbO4 and V0.92Sb0.92O4 as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with CuK? radiation, and—optionally, one or more selected from the group consisting of oxides of silicon, oxides of vanadium and oxides of antimony, for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides; to a process for preparing the catalyst composition, to the catalyst composition obtained/obtainable by the process and to use of the same for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas catalyst that can achieve high purification performance.

Abstract: Silicon-oxygen batteries comprising a silicon anode as chemical fuel, an air-cathode for dissociating oxygen and a non-aqueous electrolyte, and applications using the same are provided. The silicon-batteries may utilize air for generating oxygen.

Abstract: A method for producing a silica-supported catalyst comprising Mo, V. Nb, and a component X (Sb and/or Te) to be used in a vapor phase catalytic oxidation or ammoxidation of proprane, comprising the steps of: (I) preparing a raw material mixture solution by mixing Mo, V, Nb, component X, a silica sol, and water; (II) obtaining a dry powder by drying the raw material mixture solution; and (III) obtaining a silica-supported catalyst by calcining the dry powder, wherein the silica sol contains 10 to 270 wt ppm of nitrate ions based on SiO2.

Abstract: In order to improve the lifetime of an SCR catalyst in the waste gas purification by means of the SCR process of waste gas of a biomass combustion plant, the catalyst comprises a sacrificial component selected from a zeolite and/or a clay mineral, in particular halloysite. During operation, catalyst poisons contained in the waste gas, in particular alkali metals, are absorbed by the sacrificial component so that catalytically active centres of the catalyst are not blocked by the catalyst poisons.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adsorbent for removing sulfur from cracking gasoline or diesel fuel. The adsorbent has excellent abrasion-resistance and desulfurization activity. The adsorbent comprises from about 5 to about 35 wt % of alumina, from about 3 to about 30 wt % of silica, from about 10 to about 80 wt % of at least one oxide of metal selected from Groups IIB and VB, from about 3 to about 30 wt % of at least one metal accelerant selected from Groups VIIB and VIII, and from about 0.5 to about 10 wt % of at least one oxide of metal selected from Groups IA and IIA, based on the total weight of the adsorbent.

Abstract: To provide a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst, particularly, a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst capable of lowering the temperature required when producing hydrogen by an S—I cycle process. A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst comprising a composite oxide of vanadium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of transition metal and rare earth elements is provided. Also, a sulfur dioxide production process comprising decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by using the sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst above, is provided. Furthermore, a hydrogen production process, wherein the reaction of decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by an S—I cycle process is performed by the above-described sulfur dioxide production process, is provided.

Abstract: Stabilized palladium (+1) compounds to mimic rhodium's electronic configuration and catalytic properties are disclosed. Palladium (+1) compounds may be stabilized in perovskite or delafossite structures and may be employed in Three-Way Catalysts (TWC) for at least the conversion of HC, CO and NOx, in exhaust gases. The TWC may include a substrate, a wash-coat and, a first impregnation layer, a second impregnation layer and an over-coat. The second impregnation layer and the over-coat may include palladium (+1) based compounds as catalyst.

Abstract: A method of producing from a biomass mesitylene-isopentane fuel is provided. A biomass may be fermented to form acetone. The acetone is converted in a catalytic reactor to mesitylene and mesityl oxide. The mesitylene is separated in a phase separator and the organic face containing mesityl oxide is sent to a dehydration reactor, then to a demethylation reactor, and finally to a hydrogenation reactor from which isopentane is recovered. This isopentane is then mixed with the mesitylene to form the final mesitylene-isopentane fuel. The catalytic reaction with acetone employs catalysts of either niobium, vanadium or tantalum.

Abstract: A porous oxide catalyst includes porous oxide, and an oxygen vacancy-inducing metal which induces an oxygen vacancy in a lattice structure of a porous metal oxide.

Abstract: A catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons comprises a multielement oxide which comprises at least one transition meal such as vanadium, wherein the catalyst has a charge transport activation energy Ec at a temperature of 375 to 425° C. of less than 0 kJ/mol. The catalyst serves for preparation of maleic anhydride.

Abstract: To produce a silica-supported catalyst having an excellent yield of a target product and excellent catalyst attrition resistance. A method for producing a silica-supported catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb, and a component X (Sb and/or Te) to be used in a vapor phase catalytic oxidation or ammoxidation of propane, comprising the steps of: (I) preparing a raw material mixture solution by mixing Mo, V, Nb, component X, a silica sol, and water; (II) obtaining a dry powder by drying the raw material mixture solution; and (III) obtaining a silica-supported catalyst by calcining the dry powder, wherein the silica sol contains 10 to 270 wt ppm of nitrate ions based on SiO2.

Abstract: Described is a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst comprising: a substrate; a first washcoat layer provided on the substrate, the first washcoat layer comprising a nitrogen oxide storage material, a second washcoat layer provided on the first washcoat layer, the second washcoat layer comprising a hydrocarbon trap material, wherein the hydrocarbon trap material comprises substantially no element or compound in a state in which it is capable of catalyzing selective catalytic reduction, preferably wherein the hydrocarbon trap material comprises substantially no element or compound in a state in which it is capable of catalyzing a reaction wherein nitrogen oxide is reduced to N2, said catalyst further comprising a nitrogen oxide conversion material which is either comprised in the second washcoat layer and/or in a washcoat layer provided between the first washcoat layer and the second washcoat layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making regular shaped particles of solid foam. A first mixture, comprising water, an acid, a surfactant and a hydrophobic material, is combined with a hydrolysable silicon species to form a second mixture. The second mixture is maintained under conditions and for a sufficient time to form regular shaped precursor particles. The second mixture is then aged at a temperature and for a time effective to produce the regular shaped particles of solid foam.

Abstract: The catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene includes vanadium and aluminum incorporated into the framework of a mesoporous support, viz., MCM-41, to form V—Al-MCM-41, and nickel impregnated onto the walls of the mesoporous support. Nickel loading is preferably in the range of 5 to 15% by weight of the catalyst. A process for the production of propylene from propane includes steps of placing the catalyst in a fixed bed reactor, introducing a flow of feedstock in a propane:oxygen:nitrogen ratio of about 6:6:88 by volume, maintaining the reactor at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range of about 400 to 550° C., collecting the product, and separating propylene from the product. The process achieves propane conversion between about 6 to 22%, and a selectivity for propylene between about 22 and 70%, depending upon percent nickel content and temperature of the reaction.

Abstract: To provide a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst, particularly, a sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst capable of lowering the temperature required when producing hydrogen by an S—I cycle process. A sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst comprising a composite oxide of vanadium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of transition metal and rare earth elements is provided. Also, a sulfur dioxide production process comprising decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by using the sulfur trioxide decomposition catalyst above, is provided. Furthermore, a hydrogen production process, wherein the reaction of decomposing sulfur trioxide into sulfur dioxide and oxygen by an S—I cycle process is performed by the above-described sulfur dioxide production process, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst base material and a catalyst which have high strength, high porosity or high activity and methods of producing the catalyst base material and catalyst. The present invention relates to a method of producing a catalyst base material, the method comprising dispersing or dissolving a hydrophilic polymer coagulant as a first component, a water-soluble thickener as a second component, a colloidal inorganic binder as a third component and an inorganic fiber as a fourth component in water to form a catalytic slurry or paste, supporting the catalytic slurry or paste on a net-like substrate such that the meshes of the net-like substrate are filled up with the slurry or paste, by drying and/or calcinating the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The multifunctional catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid and ethyl acetate to ethanol. The catalyst is effective for providing an acetic acid conversion greater than 20% and an ethyl acetate conversion greater than 0%. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support. The modified support includes a metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten, vanadium, and tantalum, provided that the modified support does not contain phosphorous.

Abstract: The invention is a heteropoly acid compound catalyst composition, a method of making the catalyst composition and a process for the oxidation of saturated and/or unsaturated aldehydes to unsaturated carboxylic acids using the catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is a heteropoly acid compound containing molybdenum, vanadium, phosphorus, cesium, bismuth, copper and antimony. Thermal stability is achieved with higher cesium content (up to less than 3.0) but antimony, copper and bismuth must be present to maintain good activity. The catalyst is made by dissolving compounds of the components of each of the heteropoly acid compounds in a solution, precipitating the heteropoly acid compounds, obtaining a catalyst precursor and calcining the catalyst precursor to form a heteropoly acid compound catalyst. Unsaturated aldehydes, such as methacrolein, may be oxidized in the presence of the heteropoly acid compound catalyst to produce an unsaturated carboxylic acid, such as methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A sulfur reduction catalyst useful to reduce the levels of sulfur in a cracked gasoline product comprises a metal vanadate compound. The metal vanadate compound can be supported on a molecular sieve such as a zeolite in which the metal vanadate compound is primarily located on the exterior surface of the pore structure of the zeolite and on the surface of any matrix material used to bind or support the zeolite.

Abstract: A supported and sulphur-containing catalyst is described, comprising; a porous support constituted by an organic-inorganic hybrid material for which the covalent bond between the organic and inorganic phases conforms to the formula M-O—Z—R where M represents at least one metal constituting the inorganic phase, Z at least one heteroelement from among phosphorus and silicon and R an organic fragment, at least one metal of group VIB and/or of group VB and/or of group VIII. The invention also relates to the use of this catalyst for the hydrorefining and the hydroconversion of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks such as petroleum fractions, fractions from coal or biomass or hydrocarbons produced from natural gas.

Abstract: Core-shell nanoparticles having a core material and a mesoporous silica shell, and a method for manufacturing the core-shell nanoparticles are provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst exhibiting excellent performance particularly in partial oxidation reaction. Another object is to provide a method for efficiently producing carboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride through vapor-phase partial oxidation of an organic compound by use of an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of the catalyst. The catalyst contains (1) diamond; (2) at least one species selected from among Group 5 transition element oxides, collectively called oxide A; and (3) at least one species selected from among Group 4 transition element oxides, collectively called oxide B. The method for producing a carboxylic acid or a carboxylic anhydride includes subjecting an organic compound to vapor phase partial oxidation by use of an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of the catalyst, wherein the organic compound is an aromatic compound having one or more substituents in a molecule thereof, the substituents each including a carbon atom bonded to an aromatic ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preparation process of complex oxides catalyst containing Mo, Bi, Fe and Co, which comprising steps as following: dissolving precursor compounds of the components for catalyst and complexing agent in water to obtain a solution, and then drying, molding and calcining the solution to obtain catalyst. The catalyst is used for gas phase oxidation of light alkenes to unsaturated aldehydes. The catalyst has high activity, selectivity and stability. The reaction condition is mild. The preparation process of the catalyst is easy to operate and can be used for mass production.

Abstract: Core-shell nanoparticles having a core material and a mesoporous silica shell, and a method for manufacturing the core-shell nanoparticles are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for preparing carbon nanotube and a process for preparing carbon nanotube using the same. More particularly, this invention relates to a process for preparing carbon nanotube by the chemical vapor deposition method through the decomposition of lower saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons using a multi-component metal catalyst composition containing active metal catalyst from Co, V, Al and inactive porous support. Further, the present invention affords the carbon nanotube having 5˜30 nm of diameter and 100˜10,000 of aspect ratio in a high catalytic yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides from an exhaust gas, a method for preparing the same and a method for removing nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas using the same, and more particularly, to a catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas in which a ceramic fiber carrier is treated by hydrothermal reaction prior to washcoating to improve the hydrothermal stability of catalyst, a method for preparing the same and a method for removing nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas using the same. The catalyst prepared according to the present invention has excellent hydrothermal stability and an activity of the catalyst remains for a long time. Further, by using this catalyst to remove nitrogen oxides in an exhaust gas, a removal ratio of the nitrogen oxides is greatly enhanced.

Abstract: The catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene includes vanadium and aluminum incorporated into the framework of a mesoporous support, viz., MCM-41, to form V—Al-MCM-41, and nickel impregnated onto the walls of the mesoporous support. Nickel loading is preferably in the range of 5 to 15% by weight of the catalyst. A process for the production of propylene from propane includes steps of placing the catalyst in a fixed bed reactor, introducing a flow of feedstock in a propane:oxygen:nitrogen ratio of about 6:6:88 by volume, maintaining the reactor at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range of about 400 to 550° C., collecting the product, and separating propylene from the product. The process achieves propane conversion between about 6 to 22%, and a selectivity for propylene between about 22 and 70%, depending upon percent nickel content and temperature of the reaction.

Abstract: A process for preparing supported catalyst in pellet or coated monolith form is disclosed the method includes the steps of: forming a mixed metal carbonate complex having at least two metals by subjecting a first metal carbonate containing compound to ion exchange with desired metal cations; heat treating the resulting mixed metal carbonate complex to form a mixed oxide which consists of active metal oxides supported on a catalyst support; forming the resulting supported catalysts into pellets or coating the resulting supported catalyst onto a monolithic support. The catalysts may be used for treating effluents containing organic material in the presence of an oxidising agent.

Abstract: Techniques for coating a fiber with metal oxide include forming silica in the fiber to fix the metal oxide to the fiber. The coated fiber can be used to facilitate photocatalysis.

Abstract: A catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of a paraffin to form an olefin, the catalyst having a general formula MoaVbXcYdOn wherein: X=at least one of Nb and Ta; Y=at least one of Te, Sb, Ga, Pd, W, Bi and Al; a=1.0; b=0.05 to 1.0; c=0.001 to 1.0; d=0.001 to 1.0; and n is determined by the oxidation states of the other elements. The catalyst may have a selectivity to the olefin of at least 90 mole % at a paraffin conversion of at least 65%.

Abstract: A process for forming a catalyst useful for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon is disclosed. The process may include: admixing at least one of elemental metals and compounds to form a multi-metal composition comprising Mo, V, Nb, Te and at least one of Ni and Sb; adjusting the pH of the multi-metal composition by adding nitric acid; drying the acidified multi-metal composition; calcining the dried multi-metal composition; and grinding the calcined multi-metal composition. The ground multi-metal composition may then be sized or shaped to form a mixed metal oxide catalyst. Alternatively, the ground multi-metal composition may be treated with an acid, optionally annealed, and sized or shaped to form a mixed metal oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a first metal, a silicaceous support, and at least one metasilicate support modifier, wherein at least 1 wt. % of the at least one metasilicate support modifier is crystalline in phase, as determined by x-ray diffraction. The invention also relates to processes for forming such catalysts, to supports used therein, and to processes for hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of such catalysts.

Abstract: A method for treating crude or residual fuel oil includes extracting vanadium from the fuel oil by contacting the fuel oil with an adsorbent and a solvent. The adsorbent may be modified with a compound having both acidic functionality and basic functionality. The method provides effective removal of vanadium from crude or residual fuel oil at moderate temperatures.

Abstract: A sulfur reduction catalyst useful to reduce the levels of sulfur in a cracked gasoline product comprises a metal vanadate compound. The metal vanadate compound can be supported on a molecular sieve such as a zeolite in which the metal vanadate compound is primarily located on the exterior surface of the pore structure of the zeolite and on the surface of any matrix material used to bind or support the zeolite.

Abstract: A catalyst used in the reaction of oxidative bromination of methane is provided. The catalyst is prepared by the following procedures: mixing at least one of the precursors selected from the compounds of Rh, Ru, Cu, Zn, Ag, Ce, V, W, Cd, Mo, Mn, Cr and La which can dissolve in water with the Si precursor, hydrolyzing, drying and sintering. In the catalysis system, methane reacts with HBr, H2O and oxygen source (O2, air or oxygen-rich air), finally CH3Br and CH2Br2 are produced. Another catalyst used in the reaction of condensation of methane bromide to C3-C13 hydrocarbons is also provided. This catalyst is prepared by supporting compounds of Zn or Mg on molecular sieves such as HZSM-5, HY, Hb, 3A, 4A, 5A or 13X et al. With this catalyst, CH3Br and CH2Br2 produced in the former process can react further to give C3 to C13 hydrocarbons and HBr, and HBr can be recycled as a medium.

Abstract: A catalyst for producing a carbon nanofiber is obtained by dissolving or dispersing [I] a compound containing Fe element; [II] a compound containing Co element; [III] a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, and Mn; and [IV] a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of W and Mo in a solvent to obtain a solution or the fluid dispersion, and then impregnating a particulate carrier with the solution or the fluid dispersion. A carbon nanofiber is obtained by bringing a carbon element-containing compound into contact with the catalyst in a vapor phase at a temperature of 300 degrees C. to 500 degrees C.

Abstract: Reduced emissions of gas phase reduced nitrogen species in the off gas of an FCC regenerator operated in a partial or incomplete mode of combustion is achieved by contacting the off gas with an oxidative catalyst/additive composition having the ability to reduce gas phase nitrogen species to molecular nitrogen and to oxidize CO under catalytic cracking conditions. The oxidative catalyst/additive composition is used in an amount less than the amount necessary to prevent afterburn. Fluidizable particles of the oxidative catalyst/additives are circulated throughout the partial or incomplete burn FCC unit along with the FCC catalyst inventory. The flue gas having a reduced content of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx is passed to a downstream CO boiler, preferably a low NOx CO boiler. In the CO boiler, as CO is oxidized to CO2, a reduced amount of gas phase reduced nitrogen species is oxidized to NOx, thereby providing an increase in the overall reduction of NOx emitted into the environment.

Abstract: Reduced emissions of gas phase reduced nitrogen species in the off gas of an FCC regenerator operated in a partial or incomplete mode of combustion is achieved by contacting the off gas with an oxidative catalyst/additive composition having the ability to reduce gas phase nitrogen species to molecular nitrogen and to oxidize CO under catalytic cracking conditions. The oxidative catalyst/additive composition is used in an amount less than the amount necessary to prevent afterburn. Fluidizable particles of the oxidative catalyst/additives are circulated throughout the partial or incomplete burn FCC unit along with the FCC catalyst inventory. The flue gas having a reduced content of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx is passed to a downstream CO boiler, preferably a low NOx CO boiler. In the CO boiler, as CO is oxidized to CO2, a reduced amount of gas phase reduced nitrogen species is oxidized to NOx, thereby providing an increase in the overall reduction of NOx emitted into the environment.

Abstract: A composition, containing vanadium and a support, wherein at least a portion of the vanadium has crystallite sizes of less than about 100 ? as determined by an analytical method such as X-Ray Diffraction, is disclosed. A method of preparing such composition is also disclosed. The composition is employed in a process to remove a heavy metal from a gaseous feed stream which can optionally include a separate mercury adsorption stage.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, described herein is an exhaust gas after-treatment system that is coupleable in exhaust gas stream receiving communication with an internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas after-treatment system includes a low temperature SCR catalyst configured to reduce NOx in exhaust gas having a temperature below a temperature threshold. The system also includes a normal-to-high temperature SCR catalyst configured to reduce NOx in exhaust gas having a temperature above the temperature threshold.

Abstract: A method for the production of a composition comprising a metal containing compound, a silica containing material, a promoter, and alumina is disclosed. The composition can then be utilized in a process for the removal of sulfur from a hydrocarbon stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal nano catalyst, a method for preparing the same and a method for controlling the growth types of carbon nanotubes using the same. The metal nano catalyst can be prepared by burning an aqueous metal catalyst derivative comprising Co, Fe, Ni or a combination thereof in the presence of a supporting body precursor.

Abstract: A solid catalyst carrier substrate coated with a surface area-enhancing washcoat composition including a catalytic component, a metal oxide and a refractory fibrous or whisker-like material having an aspect ratio of length to thickness in excess of 5:1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst having high activity and excellent stability, a process for preparation of the catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell. The catalyst of the present invention comprises an electronically conductive support and catalyst fine particles. The catalyst fine particles are supported on the support and are represented by the formula (1): PtuRuxGeyTz (1). In the formula, u, x, y and z mean 30 to 60 atm %, 20 to 50 atm %, 0.5 to 20 atm % and 0.5 to 40 atm %, respectively. When the element represented by T is Al, Si, Ni, W, Mo, V or C, the content of the T-element's atoms connected with oxygen bonds is not more than four times as large as that of the T-element's atoms connected with metal bonds on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) analysis.