Abstract: A method of upcycling polymers to useful hydrocarbon materials. A catalyst with nanoparticles on a substrate selectively docks and cleaves longer hydrocarbon chains over shorter hydrocarbon chains. The nanoparticles exhibit an edge to facet ratio to provide for more interactions with the facets.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel method for preparation of highly active and selective dehydrogenation catalyst, comprising of metal oxide of group VIB elements of periodic table, and at least one metal oxide from group IA and/or group VIII, supported on alumina or silica or mixture thereof, wherein the accessibility to active sites and dispersion of metal oxides is enhanced by the addition of carbonaceous material such as coke derived from coal or petroleum coke or any other form of carbon, during catalyst preparation and its combustion thereof during calcination.

Abstract: Disclosed are a complex oxide catalyst for dehydrogenation, a method of preparing the same, and use thereof, wherein the catalyst includes a first transition metal selected from the group consisting of gallium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc, a hydrogen-activating metal including at least one selected from the group consisting of Groups 8, 9, 10, and 11 elements in a periodic table, and alumina, the amount of the first transition metal being 0.1 wt % to 20 wt %, the amount of the hydrogen-activating metal being 0.01 wt % to 2 wt %, based on the amount of the alumina, the first transition metal being loaded on the alumina, and the hydrogen-activating metal being surrounded by the alumina.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for converting a feedstock selected from sugars or sugar alcohols, alone or in a mixture, into mono- or polyoxygenated compounds, wherein the feedstock is contacted with at least one heterogeneous catalyst comprising a support selected from perovskites of formula ABO3, in which A is selected from the elements Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba and B is selected from the elements Fe, Mn, Ti and Zr, and the oxides of elements selected from lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium and cerium, alone or in a mixture, which oxides can be doped with at least one element selected from alkali metals, alkaline earths and rare earths, in a reducing atmosphere, at a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C. and at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 50 MPa.

Abstract: Disclosed is a visible light responsive photocatalyst that simultaneously realizes high crystallinity and refinement of primary particles. Also disclosed is a photocatalyst composed of secondary particles that have a high porosity and are aggregates of fine primary particles. Rhodium-doped strontium titanate that is a visible light responsive photocatalyst of the present invention has a primary particle diameter of not more than 70 nm and has a absorbance at a wavelength of 570 nm of not less than 0.6 and a absorbance at a wavelength of 1800 nm of not more than 0.7, each absorbance determining by measuring a diffuse reflection spectrum, the rhodium-doped strontium titanate having a high water-splitting activity as a photocatalyst.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a bimetallic catalyst for reductively decomposing nitrate nitrogen, a powder including a trivalent iron oxide, a powder including a trivalent iron oxyhydroxide powder or a combination thereof is mixed in an aqueous solution. A copper precursor and a palladium precursor are mixed in the aqueous solution to form a precursor mixture. The precursor mixture is dried. The dried precursor mixture is fired at a temperature from about 300° C. to about 450° C. to form a fired product. The fired product is reduced by a reducing agent. A hydrochloric acid solution is mixed in the aqueous solution, or mixed with the copper precursor or the palladium precursor.

Abstract: An autothermal reforming catalytic structure for generating hydrogen gas from liquid hydrocarbons, steam and an oxygen source. The autothermal reforming catalytic structure includes a support structure and nanosized mixed metal oxide particles dispersed homogenously throughout the support structure.

Abstract: Acetic acid is hydrogenation in the presence of a catalyst comprising one or more active metals on a silica support, wherein the catalyst has a radial crush strength of at least 4 N/mm. The one or more active metals may include cobalt, copper, gold, iron, nickel, palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, tin, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum and mixtures thereof. Radial crush strength may be improved by steam treating the catalyst support prior to the loading of the one or more active metals.

Abstract: An egg-shell catalyst consisting of an active compound in the form of an alloy of nickel and one of iridium, rhodium and ruthenium, on a support comprising alumina, zirconia, magnesia, titania or combinations thereof. The catalyst is used in a process for the steam reforming of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing platinum nanoparticle solution and a self-assembled platinum counter electrode thereof. The present invention adopts a polyol reduction method and controls the reduction reaction periods under various pH conditions. After the platinum nanoparticle dispersion solution of uniformly distributed platinum nanoparticles having small sizes is produced, the self-assembled platinum nanoparticles are adsorbed on a functionalized surface of a conductive substrate by dip coating at the normal temperature. Therefore, the structure of a platinum nanoparticle monolayer is formed, to obtain the self-assembled platinum counter electrode with a homogeneous single layer on the surface. This process is much simpler without adding any stabilizers or surfactants, without involving any subsequent heat treatments, and it consumes less amount of the platinum material.

Abstract: A method of producing an aluminum oxide supported catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, which comprises: spray-drying a slurry of ?-alumina and a source of a spinel forming metal to form a solid precursor material; calcining the precursor material to form a modified support material including a metal aluminate spinel; impregnating the modified alumina support material with a source of cobalt; calcining the impregnated support material, and activating the catalyst.

Abstract: A superior, industrially scalable one-pot ethylene glycol-based wet chemistry method to prepare platinum-adlayered ruthenium nanoparticles has been developed that offers an exquisite control of the platinum packing density of the adlayers and effectively prevents sintering of the nanoparticles during the deposition process. The wet chemistry based method for the controlled deposition of submonolayer platinum is advantageous in terms of processing and maximizing the use of platinum and can, in principle, be scaled up straightforwardly to an industrial level. The reactivity of the Pt(31)-Ru sample was about 150% higher than that of the industrial benchmark PtRu (1:1) alloy sample but with 3.5 times less platinum loading. Using the Pt(31)-Ru nanoparticles would lower the electrode material cost compared to using the industrial benchmark alloy nanoparticles for direct methanol fuel cell applications.

Abstract: A catalyst especially for oxidation of exhaust gas constituents, for example nitrogen oxide, preferably nitrogen monoxide, consists of a particulate support material composed of titanium-containing nanoparticles, preferably titanium oxide nanoparticles, especially titanium dioxide nanoparticles coated with platinum, especially platinum particles. A process for producing such a catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst which comprises nickel and/or cobalt supported on a support that includes a mixed oxide containing metals, such as aluminum, zirconium, lanthanum, magnesium, cerium, calcium, and yttrium. Such catalysts are useful for converting carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, and for converting methane to hydrogen.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a compression ignition engine comprising an oxidation catalyst for treating carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) in exhaust gas from the compression ignition engine, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises: a platinum group metal (PGM) component selected from the group consisting of a platinum (Pt) component, a palladium (Pd) component and a combination thereof; an alkaline earth metal component; a support material comprising a modified alumina incorporating a heteroatom component; and a substrate, wherein the platinum group metal (PGM) component, the alkaline earth metal component and the support material are disposed on the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diesel oxidation catalyst comprising a carrier substrate, and a first washcoat layer disposed on the substrate, the first washcoat layer comprising palladium supported on a support material comprising a metal oxide, gold supported on a support material comprising a metal oxide, and a ceria comprising compound, as well as a process for the preparation of such catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for conversion of vegetable oils to hydrocarbon products in the diesel boiling range, comprising a porous support; Group III A or VA element in the range of 1-10 wt %; Group VI B elements in the range of 1 to 20 wt %; Group VIII B elements in range of 0.01 to 10 wt %. The present invention further provides the process for preparing the catalyst composition for conversion of vegetable oils to hydrocarbon products in the diesel boiling range. The present invention also provides the process for conversion of vegetable oils to hydrocarbon products in the diesel boiling range using the catalyst composition or discarded refinery spent hydro-treating catalyst.

Abstract: A method of making a metal oxide nanoparticle comprising contacting an aqueous solution of a metal salt with an oxidant. The method is safe, environmentally benign, and uses readily available precursors. The size of the nanoparticles, which can be as small as 1 nm or smaller, can be controlled by selecting appropriate conditions. The method is compatible with biologically derived scaffolds, such as virus particles chosen to bind a desired material. The resulting nanoparticles can be porous and provide advantageous properties as a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for treatment of material transported through the device comprising at least one porous element consisting of specific solid metallic structure which allows cross-flow of the material through the porous element and wherein the porous element is coated by a non-acidic metal oxide which is impregnated by palladium (Pd).

Abstract: A catalyst composition for converting ethanol to higher alcohols, such as butanol, is disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises at least one alkali metal, at least a second metal and a support. The second metal is selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, copper, nickel, and cobalt. The support is selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO, TiO2, zeolite, ZnO, and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for converting a reactant composition comprising H2 and CO to a product comprising at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms, the process comprising: flowing the reactant composition through a microchannel reactor in contact with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to convert the reactant composition to the product, the microchannel reactor comprising a plurality of process microchannels containing the catalyst; transferring heat from the process microchannels to a heat exchanger; and removing the product from the microchannel reactor; the process producing at least about 0.5 gram of aliphatic hydrocarbon having at least about 5 carbon atoms per gram of catalyst per hour; the selectivity to methane in the product being less than about 25%. Also disclosed is a supported catalyst comprising Co, and a microchannel reactor comprising at least one process microchannel and at least one adjacent heat exchange zone.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for NiPt nanoparticles, compositions and supports including NiPt nanoparticles, methods of making NiPt nanoparticles, methods of supporting NiPt nanoparticles, methods of using NiPt nanoparticles, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst in which grain growth of a noble metal particle supported on a support is suppressed. Also disclosed is a production process for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst. The exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises a crystalline metal oxide support and a noble metal particle supported on the support, wherein the noble metal particle is epitaxially grown on the support, and wherein the noble metal particle is dispersed and supported on the outer and inner surfaces of the support. The process for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises masking, in a solution, at least a part of the surface of a crystalline metal oxide support by a masking agent, introducing the support into a noble metal-containing solution containing a noble metal, and drying and firing the support and the noble metal-containing solution to support the noble metal on the support.

Abstract: An ammonia oxidation catalyst being superior in heat resistance and capable of suppressing by-production of N2O or NOx. The ammonia oxidation catalyst is made by coating at least two catalyst layers having a catalyst layer (lower layer) including a catalyst supported a noble metal on an inorganic base material including any of a composite oxide (A) having at least titania and silica as main components, alumina, and a composite oxide (B) consisting of alumina and silica; and a catalyst layer (upper layer) including a composite oxide (C) consisting of at least silica, tungsten oxide, ceria and zirconia, at the surface of an integral structure-type substrate, wherein a composition of the composite oxide (C) is silica: 20% by weight or less, tungsten oxide: 1 to 50% by weight, ceria: 1 to 60% by weight, and zirconia: 30 to 90% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis which has excellent heat transfer capability. This catalyst contains (1) central core particle or particles made of a heat transfer material (HTM) selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal oxide, a ceramic, and a mixture thereof; and (2) outer particle layer which surrounds the central core particles and is attached to the surfaces of the central core particles by a binder material layer. The outer particle layer has a support and catalyst particles in a powder form containing metal particles disposed on the support. The catalyst having such a dual particle structure shows excellent heat transfer capability and, thus, exhibits high selectivity to a target hydrocarbon. Therefore, the catalyst of the present invention is useful in a fixed-bed reactor for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for producing hydrocarbons from synthetic gas.

Abstract: A composition comprising a supported hydrogenation catalyst comprising palladium and an organophosphorous compound, the supported hydrogenation catalyst being capable of selectively hydrogenating highly unsaturated hydrocarbons to unsaturated hydrocarbons. A method of making a selective hydrogenation catalyst comprising contacting a support with a palladium-containing compound to form a palladium supported composition, contacting the palladium supported composition with an organophosphorus compound to form a catalyst precursor, and reducing the catalyst precursor to form the catalyst.

Abstract: The herein disclosed exhaust gas purification catalyst is an exhaust gas purification catalyst that is provided with a porous carrier 40 and palladium 50 supported on this porous carrier 40. The porous carrier 40 is provided with an alumina carrier 42 formed of alumina and with a CZ carrier 44 formed of a ceria-zirconia complex oxide. Barium is added to both the alumina carrier 42 and the CZ carrier 44. Here, an amount of barium added to the alumina carrier 42 is an amount that corresponds to 10 mass % to 15 mass % relative to a total mass of the alumina carrier 42 excluding the barium, and an amount of barium added to the CZ carrier 44 is an amount that corresponds to 5 mass % to 10 mass % relative to a total mass of the CZ carrier 44 excluding the barium.

Abstract: Disclosed are three-way catalysts that are able to simultaneously convert nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons in exhaust gas emissions into less toxic compounds. Also disclosed are three-way catalyst formulations comprising palladium (Pd)-containing oxygen storage materials. In some embodiments, the three-way catalyst formulations of the invention do not contain rhodium. Further disclosed are improved methods for making Pd-containing oxygen storage materials. The relates to methods of making and using three-way catalyst formulations of the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alloy of the formula: Fe3?xAl1+xMyTzTat wherein M represents at least one catalytic specie selected from the group consisting of Ru, Ir, Pd, Pt, Rh, Os, Re and Ag; T represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Co, Cr, V, Cu, Zn, Nb, W, Zr, Y, Mn, Cd, Si, B, C, O, N, P, F, S, CI, Na and Ti; and Ta represents tantalum. Such an alloy can be used as an electrode material for the synthesis of sodium chlorate. It can also be used as a coating for protection against corrosion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas catalyst where the catalyst efficiency is improved by enhancing diffusion of the exhaust gas in a catalyst layer. An exhaust gas catalyst comprises at least a carrier and a plurality of layers formed on the carrier. At least one of the layers has pores therein, and at least one other layer has pores therein and contains, as catalyst components, a noble metal, alumina and a complex oxide mainly containing ceria, zirconia and one or more rare earth elements other than cerium.

Abstract: An emission control catalyst composition comprising a supported bimetallic catalyst consisting of gold and a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, copper and nickel is disclosed. Also disclosed is a catalytic convertor comprising a substrate monolith coated with the emission control catalyst composition and a lean burn internal combustion engine exhaust gas emission treatment system comprising the catalytic convertor. A variety of processes for preparing the catalyst composition are claimed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust control device of an engine (10) comprising a catalyst (45) in an exhaust passage (40). In this invention, the active element transforms as a solid solution in the carrier when a catalyst temperature is higher than or equal to a predetermined solid solution temperature and an atmosphere in the catalyst is an oxidation atmosphere and the active element precipitates from the carrier when the catalyst temperature is higher than or equal to a predetermined precipitation temperature and the atmosphere in the catalyst is a reduction atmosphere.

Abstract: An egg-shell catalyst consisting of an active compound in the form of an alloy of nickel and one of iridium, rhodium and ruthenium, on a support comprising alumina, zirconia, magnesia, titania or combinations thereof. The catalyst is used in a process for the steam reforming of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst used for steam carbon dioxide reforming of natural gas, wherein an alkaline earth metal alone or an alkaline earth metal and a group 8B metal are supported on a hydrotalcite-like catalyst containing nickel, magnesium and aluminum. The disclosed catalyst is useful as a steam carbon dioxide reforming (SCR) catalyst of natural gas at high temperature and high pressure, while minimizing deactivation of the catalyst due to sintering of the active component nickel and deactivation of the catalyst due to coke generation at the same time. A synthesis gas prepared using the catalyst has a H2/CO molar ratio maintained at 1-2.2. A synthesis gas having a H2/CO molar ratio of 1.8-2.2 may be used as a raw material for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or methanol synthesis and a synthesis gas having a H2/CO molar ratio of may be used as a raw material for dimethyl ether synthesis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a layered three-way catalytic system being separated in a front and a rear portion having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides. Provided is a catalyst composite comprising a single front catalytic layer and two rear catalytic layers in conjunction with a substrate, where the single font layer and the rear bottom layer comprise a Pd component, the rear top layer comprises a Rh component, and the rear bottom layer is substantially free of an oxygen storage component (OSC).

Abstract: A method of producing an alumina-supported cobalt catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, which comprises: calcining an initial ?-alumina support material at a temperature to produce a modified alumina support material; impregnating the modified alumina support material with a source of cobalt; calcining the impregnated support material, activating the catalyst with a reducing gas, steam treating the activated catalyst, and activating the steam treated catalyst with a reducing gas.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition for converting ethanol to higher alcohols, such as butanol. The catalyst composition comprises one or more metals and one or more supports. The one or more metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, palladium, platinum, zinc, iron, tin and copper. The one or more supports are selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO, TiO2, zeolite, ZnO, and mixtures thereof, wherein the catalyst is substantially free of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: The noble metal fine particle supported catalyst of the present invention includes a substrate, and a porous membrane formed on the substrate. The porous membrane contains support particles, noble metal fine particles, and an inorganic binder. In the porous membrane, the noble metal fine particles are supported on surfaces of the support particles, and the support particles form secondary particles each having a porous structure. The porous membrane is formed by binding, with the inorganic binder, the secondary particles formed of the support particles so that a gap is present at least partly between the secondary particles adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A method of producing an alumina-supported catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, which comprises: calcining an initial ?-alumina support material at a temperature of at least 550° C. to produce a modified alumina support material; impregnating the modified alumina support material with a source cobalt; calcining the impregnated support material at a temperature of 700° C. to 1200° C., and activating the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the oxidation of organic compounds contained in a gas stream and comprises the step of introducing the gas stream containing the organic compounds together with sufficient oxygen to effect the desired amount of oxidation into an oxidation reactor containing an oxidation catalyst and maintaining the temperature of said gas stream at a temperature sufficient to effect oxidation, characterised in that the oxidation catalyst contains at least 0.01% by weight of ruthenium, cobalt or manganese.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control catalyst disclosed herein is equipped with a rhodium catalytic layer and a platinum catalytic layer, and is characterized in that a relationship between a mole average (X) of a Pauling's electronegativity that is calculated as to elements included in the rhodium catalytic layer except platinum group elements and oxygen and a mole average (Y) of a Pauling's electronegativity that is calculated as to elements included in the platinum catalytic layer except platinum group elements and oxygen is 1.30?X?1.45 and 1.47?Y?2.0. According to this exhaust emission control catalyst, an interlayer transfer of platinum and/or rhodium and the alloying of platinum and/or rhodium are suppressed during use of the catalyst, and high exhaust gas purification performance can be exerted.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas purifying catalyst for an internal combustion engine comprising: a carrier and a catalyst layer formed on the carrier, the catalyst layer including a first catalyst, a second catalyst and a third catalyst. The first catalyst comprises Pd supported in a first support, the first support comprising alumina. The second catalyst comprises Rh supported in a second support, the second support comprising a complex oxide of ceria-zirconia. The third catalyst comprising Pd supported in a third support, the third support comprising a complex oxide of ceria-zirconia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The multifunctional catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid and ethyl acetate to ethanol. The catalyst is effective for providing an acetic acid conversion greater than 20% and an ethyl acetate conversion greater than 0%. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support. The modified support includes a metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten, vanadium, and tantalum, provided that the modified support does not contain phosphorous.

Abstract: An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support provided with one or more through-holes through which exhaust gas flows, and a catalytic layer supported by the support and containing an oxygen storage material. The exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a first section to which the exhaust gas is supplied, and a second section to which the exhaust gas having passed through the first section is supplied. The catalytic layer includes a layered structure of a first catalytic layer containing platinum and/or palladium and a second catalytic layer containing rhodium in the first catalytic section and further includes a third layer containing rhodium in the second section. The second section is smaller in oxygen storage material content per unit volumetric capacity than the first section.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an oxidation catalyst assembly formed by applying a washcoat of platinum and a NOx storage material to a portion of a substrate material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst which can convert ammonia contained in exhaust gas from an engine of a vehicle equipped with a Urea-SCR (Urea-Selective Catalytic Reduction) system, to nitrogen, and a method for preparating the same. The catalyst can convert ammonia which is failed to participate in a conversion reaction of NOx to N2 and slipped out of the SCR catalyst, to nitrogen via a SCO (Selective Catalytic Oxidation) reaction, before the ammonia is released to the air.

Abstract: Process for the steam reforming of hydrocarbons comprising contacting a feed gas with a catalyst consisting of an active compound in the form of an alloy of nickel and one of iridium, rhodium and ruthenium, on a support comprising alumina, zirconia, magnesia, titania, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method of forming a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by providing at least one metal nitrate solution, combining each of the at least one metal nitrate solutions with a precipitating agent whereby at least one catalyst precipitate is formed, and incorporating a strong base during precipitation, subsequent precipitation, or both during and subsequent precipitation. Catalysts produced via the disclosed method are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a cobalt-based catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, more particularly to a method for preparing a cobalt-based catalyst represented by Ir—Co/?-Al2O3 wherein cobalt and iridium are supported at high density by repeating impregnation and drying tens of times on a spherical ?-alumina support having many acidic sites. The catalyst prepared according to the present invention can provide improved conversion rate of carbon monoxide and selectivity for liquid hydrocarbons when used for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

Abstract: A porous oxide catalyst includes porous oxide, and an oxygen vacancy-inducing metal which induces an oxygen vacancy in a lattice structure of a porous metal oxide.