Of Nickel Patents (Class 502/337)
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Publication number: 20030050188Abstract: An industrial catalyst having: a support; a plurality of metallic particulates distributed throughout the support; and a metal at least partially covering the surface of the support.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 22, 2002Publication date: March 13, 2003Inventors: Stanford R. Ovshinsky, Benjamin Reichman, Michael A. Fetcenko, Kwo Young, William Mays, James Strebe
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Patent number: 6528450Abstract: A catalyst composition and a process for hydrodealkylating a C9+ aromatic compound such as, for example, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene to a C6 to C8 aromatic hydrocarbon such as a xylene are disclosed. The composition comprises an alumina, a metal oxide, and a coke suppressor selected from the group consisting of silicon oxides, phosphorus oxides, boron oxides, magnesium oxides, tin oxides, titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, molybdenum oxides, germanium oxides, indium oxides, lanthanum oxides, cesium oxides, and combinations of any two or more thereof. The process comprises contacting a fluid which comprises a C9+ aromatic compound with the catalyst composition under a condition sufficient to effect the conversion of a C9+ aromatic compound to a C6 to C8 aromatic hydrocarbon.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1999Date of Patent: March 4, 2003Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: An-hsiang Wu, Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 6528029Abstract: Composite of at least two metal oxides in the form of Primary Particles and a support having a particle size greater than the Primary Particles used in the formation of a catalyst composition for the treatment of a pollutant containing gas.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1999Date of Patent: March 4, 2003Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Joseph C. Dettling, Joseph H-Z. Wu
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Patent number: 6524994Abstract: A nickel catalyst comprising 0.1 to 12.5 wt. % of at least one structural promoter, selected from the group of oxides of metals and metalloids and combinations thereof, and 87.5 to 99.9 wt. % nickel, calculated on the weight of nickel and the structural promoter together, the catalyst having an nickel surface area, as defined herein, of at least 10 m2/g catalyst and an average pore diameter, as defined herein, of 10 to 60 nm. It has been found that already very small amounts of promoter improves the structure of the catalyst. High amounts still provide a stable, sinter resistant material, but result in a decrease in the pore size to lower levels. Furthermore, properties and sulfur uptake capacity.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 2001Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignee: Engelhard CorporationInventors: Bernard Hendrik Reesink, Nico van Gasteren
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Patent number: 6518216Abstract: A catalyst useful for the gas phase oxidation of alkanes to unsaturated aldehydes or carboxylic acids is disclosed. Processes for preparing the catalyst and using the catalyst to convert alkanes to unsaturated aldehydes or carboxylic acids are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2000Date of Patent: February 11, 2003Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Scott Han, Dominique Hung Nhu Le, Nneka Namono McNeal
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Patent number: 6518218Abstract: A catalyst system and method for making carbon fibrils is provided which comprises a catalytic amount of an inorganic catalyst comprising nickel and one of the following substances selected from the group consisting of chromium; chromium and iron; chromium and molybdenum; chromium, molybdenum, and iron; aluminum; yttrium and iron; yttrium, iron and aluminum; zinc; copper; yttrium; yttrium and chromium; and yttrium, chromium and zinc. In a further aspect of the invention, a catalyst system and method is provided for making carbon fibrils which comprises a catalytic amount of an inorganic catalyst comprising cobalt and one of the following substances selected from the group consisting of chromium; aluminum; zinc; copper; copper and zinc; copper, zinc, and chromium; copper and iron; copper, iron, and aluminum; copper and nickel; and yttrium, nickel and copper.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 2000Date of Patent: February 11, 2003Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Xiao-Dong Sun, Navjot Singh, Lionel Monty Levinson
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Patent number: 6514904Abstract: A catalyst and a process for using the catalyst are disclosed generally for the conversion of hydrocarbons. By the use of at least one high temperature calcination under dry conditions, a catalyst with a beneficial combination of lowered surface area and excellent piece crush is created. X-ray diffraction pattern information is used to distinguish the resulting product.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 2002Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Mark D. Moser, Robin E. Shepherd, Andrzej Z. Ringwelski, John Y. G. Park
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Patent number: 6514903Abstract: An improved catalyst including a compound of the formula (I) AaMmNnXxOo (I) wherein 0.25<a<0.98, 0.003<m<0.5, 0.003<n<0.5, 0.003<x<0.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1999Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Manhua Lin, Michael William Linsen
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Patent number: 6498280Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one support, at least one element from groups 8, 9 or 10 of the periodic table, at least one element from group 14 of the periodic table, at least one element from group 13 of the periodic table, at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal, and, optionally, at least one halogen in an amount in the range from 0 to 0.2% by weight with respect to the total catalyst weight, the catalyst being characterized in that the accessibility of the element from groups 8, 9 or 10 is more than 50%. The invention also concerns a process for preparing a catalyst and the use of the catalyst in a process for dehydrogenating paraffins containing 3 to 22 carbon atoms per molecule.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 2000Date of Patent: December 24, 2002Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Denis Uzio, Blaise Didillon, Emmanuel Pellier
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Patent number: 6492298Abstract: An ordinary-temperature purifying catalyst includes an oxide having an oxygen defect introduced by a reduction treatment, and a noble metal loaded on the oxide. For example, the oxide can be at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of cerium oxides and zirconium oxides, at least a part of which has an oxygen defect. The catalyst can purify an environmental loading material, such as carbon monoxide, a nitrogen oxide, ethylene, formaldehyde, trimethylamine, methyl mercaptan and acetaldehyde, in air at an ordinary temperature. A method for how to use the catalyst is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2000Date of Patent: December 10, 2002Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo KenkyushoInventors: Hideo Sobukawa, Toshitaka Tanabe, Kenichirou Suzuki, Megumi Sasaki, Hiroaki Hayashi, Akira Morikawa, Masahiro Sugiura
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Patent number: 6489264Abstract: A catalyst for oxidation of ammonia is of the general formula (AxByO3z)k (MEmOn)f, wherein: A is a cation of Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, Be, La or mixtures thereof, B is cations of Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, V or mixtures thereof, x=0-2, y=1-2, z=0.8-1.7; MemOn is an aluminum oxide and/or oxide of silicon zirconium, chromium, aluminosilicates, oxides of rare earth elements (REE) or mixtures thereof, m=1-3, n=1-2, k and f are % by weight, with the ratio f/k=0.01-1. The catalyst may be granules of different configuration, including blocks of honeycomb structure. The catalyst is thermally stable, resistant to thermal shocks. There is no water runoff.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1999Date of Patent: December 3, 2002Assignee: Institut Kataliza Imeni G.K.Inventors: Lubov Alexandrovna Isupova, Vladislav Alexandrovich Sadykov, Olga Ivanovna Snegurenko, Evgeny Abramovich Brushtein, Tatyana Viktorovna Telyatnikova, Valery Vasilievich Lunin
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Publication number: 20020177628Abstract: A process of preparing a product gas mixture comprising CO and H2 from a light hydrocarbon and O2 mixture is disclosed. The process includes contacting a reactant gas mixture comprising a C1-C5 hydrocarbon and a source of molecular oxygen with a catalytically effective amount of a supported catalyst comprising nickel and rhodium. The catalyst and reactant gas mixture is maintained at catalytic partial oxidation promoting conditions of temperature and pressure during the contacting period, which is preferably 10 milliseconds or less. Certain preferred catalysts comprise an alloy of about 1-50 weight percent nickel and about 0.01-10 weight percent rhodium on a porous refractory support structure.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 18, 2002Publication date: November 28, 2002Applicant: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Anne M. Gaffney, David R. Corbin
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Patent number: 6436280Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising an extruded essentially alumina-based support, constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates partially in the form of packs of flakes and partially in the form of needles, and comprising at least one catalytic metal or a compound of a catalytic metal from group VIB, and/or optionally at least one catalytic metal or compound of a catalytic metal from group VIII. The catalyst also comprises at least one dopant selected from the group formed by boron, phosphorous, silicon (or a silica different from that subsequently added to the support) and halogens. The invention also relates to its use in a fixed bed reactor, for hydrorefining and hydroconverting hydrocarbon feeds.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1999Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: Institut Français du PetroleInventors: Virginie Harle, Slavik Kasztelan, Stéphane Kressmann, Frédéric Morel
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Patent number: 6436871Abstract: Catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of alkane to one or more olefins, exemplified by ethane to ethylene, are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a mixture of metal oxides having as an important component nickel oxide (NiO) and gives high conversion and selectivity. For example, the catalyst can be used to make ethylene by contacting it with a gas mixture containing ethane and oxygen. The gas mixture may optionally contain ethylene, an inert diluent such as nitrogen, or both ethylene and an inert diluent.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1999Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: Symyx Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Yumin Liu
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Patent number: 6436870Abstract: A high-activity hydrotreating catalyst containing a uniformly dispersed active component at a high concentration, and particularly useful for deep desulfurization of a hydrocarbon oil for its high hydrodesulfurization activity. The present invention also provides a hydrotreating process using the same catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 2000Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: Tonen CorporationInventors: Masahiko Iijima, Takao Hashimoto, Yoshinobu Okayasu, Takeshi Isoda
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Patent number: 6417135Abstract: Provided herein are supported catalysts and processes useful in the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons. Catalysts made according to the invention possess a unique pore size distribution which provides a favorable balance of selectivity, activity, and thermal stability. In a preferred form of the invention, catalysts made in accordance of the invention are regenerable. Detergent range paraffins may be converted to monoolefins using a catalyst and process provided by the invention.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2000Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignee: Huntsman Petrochemical CorporationInventor: David R. Dyroff
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Publication number: 20020082163Abstract: A reverse-layered, catalyzed adsorber system for treating exhaust gas comprises a catalyst washcoat supported by a catalyst substrate, with an adsorption material disposed over at least a portion of the catalyst washcoat. During the treatment of the hydrocarbons from an internal combustion engine exhaust, the adsorption material layer adsorbs hydrocarbons from the exhaust gas. A built-in catalyst layer later catalyzes the conversion of the hydrocarbons released from the adsorption material when the adsorber system is hot.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2000Publication date: June 27, 2002Inventors: JiYang Yan, W. Burton Williamson
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Publication number: 20020081253Abstract: A reformer disposed in the flow path of a reactant fluid includes: a catalyst unit capable of generating hydrogen from a reactant fluid containing an organic compound or carbon monoxide, by catalysis, and an electrically heatable heater unit. An electrically heatable catalyst unit includes: any of a sintered material, a metallic material, a composite material thereof, at least a portion of each of these materials having an electrically heatable property, and a composite material of (1) a heat-resistant material having no electrically heatable property and (2) the sintered material and/or the metallic material, and a catalyst capable of generating hydrogen from a reactant fluid containing an organic compound or carbon monoxide, by catalysis, which catalyst unit has porosity, thereby enables diffusion of a reactant fluid therethrough, and is electrically heatable. The above reformer can generate high-purity hydrogen for use in fuel cell of industrial or automotive application, in a short time.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 25, 2001Publication date: June 27, 2002Applicant: NGK INSULATORS, LTD.Inventor: Fumio Abe
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Publication number: 20020074174Abstract: A pollutant treating device especially adapted for motor vehicles in which a housing containing a catalyst composition for treating pollutants is positioned within the normal flow pattern of ambient air within the motor vehicle and is preferably removably placed within a support, such as a bracket assembly where the housing can be readily removed and replaced and/or reused.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 17, 2001Publication date: June 20, 2002Applicant: ENGELHARD CORPORATIONInventors: Joseph C. Dettling, John J. Steger, Michael Spencer, Robert V. Russo
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Publication number: 20020077250Abstract: The present invention relates to an advantageous preparation of aryl compounds by cross-coupling reaction of a substituted aryl halide compound with a Grignard reagent in the presence of a nickel catalyst wherein the substituted aryl compounds and a novel nickel catalyst are initially placed in a reaction vessel and the Grignard reagent is metered in at the reaction temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 24, 2001Publication date: June 20, 2002Inventors: Markus Eckert, Guido Giffels, Hans-Christian Militzer, Thomas Prinz
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Patent number: 6398950Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for hydrogenation treatment in which Mo—Ni, Mo—Co or the like is supported on an alumina-type carrier, and a method for hydrogenation treatment of heavy oil using the same. More specifically, it relates to the catalyst showing a specific X-ray diffraction pattern, and a method for hydrogenation treatment of heavy oil using the same.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 2000Date of Patent: June 4, 2002Assignee: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ryuichiro Iwamoto, Takao Nozaki, Kei Uchikawa
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Patent number: 6399530Abstract: An acidic amorphous silica-amumina has a large specific surface area and a large pore volume. A carrier complex and a hydrotreating catalyst containing acidic amorphous silica-alumina, in particular a hydrocracking catalyst containing acidic amorphous silica-alumina in combination with a modified zeolite-Y, treats petroleum hydrocarbon materials to produce middle distillates. The amorphous silica-alumina has a SiO2 content of 10-50 wt. %, a specific surface area of 300-600 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.8-1.5 ml/g and an IR acidity of 0.25-0.60 mmol/g. The catalyst shows a relatively high activity and mid-distillate selectivity and can be particularly used in hydrocracking process for producing mid-distillates with a higher yield.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1999Date of Patent: June 4, 2002Assignees: China Petrochemical Corporation, Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, SINOPECInventors: Song Chen, Tingyu Li, Guangwei Cao, Minghua Guan
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Patent number: 6395403Abstract: A novel precious metal doped porous metal catalyst is disclosed. The precious metal is present in from 0.01 to 1.5 weight percent and distributed throughout the particles of porous metal to provide a surface to bulk ratio distribution of not greater than 60. The present invention is further directed to a process of forming said doped catalyst and to improved processes of catalytic hydrogenation of organic compounds.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 2001Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.Inventor: Stephen Raymond Schmidt
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Patent number: 6395675Abstract: A device (catalytic converter) for purifying an exhaust gas. This device has a first catalyst for purifying a NOx of the exhaust gas. This first catalyst contains first and second powders. The first powder has a porous carrier and at least one noble metal loaded on the porous carrier. The at least one noble metal is selected from platinum, palladium and rhodium. The second powder has a first double oxide represented by the general formula (Ln1-&agr;A&agr;)1-&bgr;BO&dgr; where &agr; is a number that is greater than 0 and less than 1, &bgr; is a number that is greater than 0 and less than 1, &dgr; is a number that is greater than 0, Ln is at least one first element selected from La, Ce, Nd and Sm, A is at least one second element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Na, K and Cs, and B is at least one third element selected from Fe, Co, Ni and Mn. The device is improved in capability of purifying NOx contained in an oxygen rich exhaust gas.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1999Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.Inventors: Katsuo Suga, Masanori Nakamura
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Patent number: 6391821Abstract: An oxidation catalyst according to the present invention is prepared, for example, by heat processing a gold compound at 150° C. to 80° C., yielding ultrafine gold particles, which are then mixed with a palladium compound and a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkaline metals and the elements of Groups IIA, IIIA, VIA, IIB, VB, and VIII of the Periodic Table. By an oxidation reaction between a benzyl compound such as p-xylene and a carboxylic acid such as acetic acid in the presence of oxygen and the oxidation catalyst prepared as above, a benzyl ester such as p-methylbenzyl acetate or p-xylylene diacetate can be produced. Consequently, it is possible to provide an oxidation catalyst suitable for use in industrially producing the foregoing benzyl esters, a method of preparing the foregoing oxidation catalyst, and a method of producing the foregoing benzyl esters efficiently and at low cost.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1999Date of Patent: May 21, 2002Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yuuichi Satoh, Jun Tatsumi, Toshiya Iida, Toshio Hayashi
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Patent number: 6383974Abstract: Hydrorefining catalyst contains 0.1 to 25 wt % in total of at least one hydrogenation active metal element selected from elements of Group 6, Group 8, Group 9, and Group 10 of the Periodic Table, and 0.1 to 3 wt % potassium on a carrier formed of porous inorganic oxide. The concentration distribution of the hydrogenation active metal element is higher in the central part than in the peripheral part of the catalyst, and the concentration distribution of potassium is higher in the peripheral part than in the central part of the catalyst. The pores on the outside surface of the catalyst are not plugged by the metal content of hetero compounds and hetero compounds can be efficiently diffused to inside the catalyst. As a result, long-term retention of a state of high activity is possible.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2000Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: Japan Energy CorporationInventors: Katsuaki Ishida, Ryutaro Koide, Koichi Matsushita
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Publication number: 20020052289Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing hydrocarbons. The process involves contacting a feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a catalyst in a reaction zone maintained at conversion-promoting conditions effective to produce an effluent stream comprising hydrocarbons, and uses a catalyst including (a) at least one catalytic metal for Fischer-Tropsch reactions (e.g., iron, cobalt, nickel and/or ruthenium) and (b) a non-layered mesoporous support which exhibits an X-ray diffraction after calcination that has at least one peak at a d-spacing of greater than 18 Ångstrom units.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 16, 2001Publication date: May 2, 2002Inventors: Leo E. Manzer, Stephan Schwarz
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Patent number: 6372119Abstract: An inert anode for the electrolytic production of metals such as aluminum is disclosed. The inert anode includes a ceramic oxide material preferably made from NiO, Fe2O3 and CoO. The inert anode composition may comprise the following mole fractions of NiO, Fe2O3 and CoO: 0.15 to 0.99 NiO; 0.0001 to 0.85 Fe2O3; and 0.0001 to 0.45 CoO. The inert anode may optionally include other oxides and/or at least one metal phase, such as Cu, Ag, Pd, Pt, Au, Rh, Ru, Ir and/or Os. The Ni—Fe—Co—O ceramic material exhibits very low solubility in Hall cell baths used to produce aluminum.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 2000Date of Patent: April 16, 2002Assignee: Alcoa Inc.Inventors: Siba P. Ray, Xinghua Liu, Douglas A. Weirauch, Jr.
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Patent number: 6365543Abstract: A process and catalyst for the partial oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons, such as ethane, propane, naphtha, and natural gas condensates, to olefins, such as ethylene and propylene. The process involves contacting a paraffinic hydrocarbon with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst under autothermal process conditions. The catalyst comprises a Group 8B metal and, optionally, a promoter metal, such as tin or copper, supported on a fiber monolith support, preferably a ceramic fiber mat monolith. In another aspect, the invention is a process of oxidizing a paraffinic hydrocarbon to an olefin under autothermal conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a Group 8B metal and, optionally, a promoter metal, the metals being loaded onto the front face of a monolith support. An on-line method of synthesizing and regenerating catalysts for autothermal oxidation processes is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1999Date of Patent: April 2, 2002Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Lanny D. Schmidt, Ashish Bodke
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Publication number: 20020035035Abstract: Thermostable metal oxide catalysts of the general formula ABMO3−&dgr;, having a perovskite crystal structure and the process of making the same. A, B and M are metal cations. M acts as a doping of site B in an amount of about 0.01 to about 0.30. Cations A, B and M are so chosen as to assure a depletion in oxygen represented by &dgr; of at least 0.02. The catalysts according to the present invention show good catalytic properties even at temperatures above 1300 ° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 18, 2001Publication date: March 21, 2002Inventors: Jitka Kirchnerova, Danilo Klvana
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Publication number: 20020028744Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst which can be used in a process involving a conversion reaction for organic compounds, containing at least one support and at least one metal, and characterized in that it has particles of an average size greater than approximately 1 nm, and more than 80% of particles, the size of which is comprised in the range D±(D.0.2) where D represents the average size of the particles. It also relates to the process for preparing this catalyst which consists of preparing a colloidal suspension, in aqueous phase, of the metal oxide or metals to be supported, then depositing this suspension on a support, and optionally reducing the oxide thus supported.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 12, 2001Publication date: March 7, 2002Applicant: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Carine Petit-Clair, Blaise Didillon, Denis Uzio
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Catalyst and process for the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds in hydrocarbon streams
Patent number: 6350717Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one metal of the 10th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and at least one metal of the 11th group of the Periodic Table of the Elements on an aluminum oxide support, wherein the metal or metals of the 10th group is or are essentially concentrated in an outer layer close to the surface of the catalyst particle, the metal or metals of the 11th group is or are distributed essentially uniformly over the volume of the catalyst particle and the weight ratio of the metal or metals of the 11th group to the metal or metals of the 10th group is not more than 1.95.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1999Date of Patent: February 26, 2002Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Andrea Frenzel, Cristina Freire Erdbrügger, Ekkehard Schwab, Michael Hesse, Gerd Linden, Herbert Wanjek, Hans-Martin Allmann -
Patent number: 6350423Abstract: The present invention provides a technique of reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide included in a hydrogen rich gas, which is fed as a supply of gaseous fuel to fuel cells. It is required that the activity of a carbon monoxide selective oxidation reaction for reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide is kept at a sufficiently high level in a wider temperature range. A CO selective oxidation unit 34, which reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide included in a hydrogen rich gas fed to fuel cells 20, has a carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst that includes a second element, such as lithium, in addition to ruthenium as a primary component. This arrangement enables the activity of the carbon monoxide selective oxidation reaction in the CO selective oxidation unit 34 to be kept at a sufficiently high level in a wider temperature range.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 2000Date of Patent: February 26, 2002Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Satoshi Aoyama
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Patent number: 6348431Abstract: A method for producing fine, essentially contamination free, noble metal alloys is disclosed. The alloys comprise particles in a size range of 5 to 500 nm. The method comprises 1. A method for preparing a noble metal alloy at low temperature, the method comprising the steps of forming solution of organometallic compounds by dissolving the compounds into a quantity of a compatible solvent medium capable of solvating the organometallic, mixing a portion of each solution to provide a desired molarity ratio of ions in the mixed solution, adding a support material, rapidly quenching droplets of the mixed solution to initiate a solute-solvent phase separation as the solvent freezes, removing said liquid cryogen, collecting and freezing drying the frozen droplets to produce a dry powder, and finally reducing the powder to a metal by flowing dry hydrogen over the powder while warming the powder to a temperature of about 150° C.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 1999Date of Patent: February 19, 2002Assignee: Sandia National LaboratoriesInventor: William R. Even, Jr.
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Patent number: 6346228Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel hydrophobic multicomponent catalyst useful in the direct oxidation of hydrogen to hydrogen peroxide and to a method for the preparation of such catalyst. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel hydrophobic muticomponent catalyst comprising a hydrophobic polymer membrane deposited on a Pd containing acidic catalyst, useful for the direct oxidation of hydrogen by oxygen to hydrogen peroxide, an a method for preparing the same.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 2000Date of Patent: February 12, 2002Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchInventors: Vasant Ramchandra Choudhary, Subhash Dwarkanath Sansare, Abaji Govind Gaikwad
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Publication number: 20020012624Abstract: A method is disclosed for converting light hydrocarbons to synthesis gas employing a reduced nickel alloy monolith catalyst which catalyzes a net partial oxidation reaction. Certain preferred catalysts comprise bulk Ni—Cr, Ni—Co—Cr or Ni—Rh alloy materials. A method of making a bulk nickel alloy catalyst includes depositing a combination of chromium and cobalt metals, or rhodium metal, onto a nickel metal substrate and then thermally diffusing the Cr and Co coating, or the Rh coating, into the atomic lattice of the nickel substrate to produce a bulk Ni—Co—Cr or Ni—Rh alloy monolith catalyst. Preferred 3—D catalyst configurations include perforated foil, metal gauze, metal foam and expanded metal. The catalysts are mechanically strong and self-supporting, and retain high activity and selectivity to carbon monoxide and hydrogen products under syngas production conditions of high flow rate, superatmospheric pressure and high temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 2, 2001Publication date: January 31, 2002Inventors: Juan C. Figueroa, Anne M. Gaffney, John E. Anderson, Ronald H. Mattson, Donald B. Pierce, Robert A. Oswald, Roger Song
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Publication number: 20020009407Abstract: Reticulated ceramic monolithic catalysts and non-poisoning catalyst supports comprising one or more metal oxides of chromium, cobalt, nickel, an alkaline earth, a rare earth, or another sinterable metal oxide that are active in any of various chemical oxidation reactions are disclosed. Methods of making the new reticulated ceramic structures comprising impregnating an organic foam or other pore-templating material are also disclosed. Processes for the catalytic conversion of light hydrocarbons to products comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen employing reticulated ceramic catalysts are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 16, 2001Publication date: January 24, 2002Inventors: Kostantinos Kourtakis, Anne M. Gaffney, Lin Wang
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Publication number: 20020004450Abstract: Syngas catalyst compositions supported on refractory ceramic textiles and fibrous ceramic composite catalysts are disclosed, together with their methods of making and use for catalyzing syngas production from methane by a net partial oxidation reaction. In certain preferred embodiments the active catalyst material is Rh, Ni, Cr, or combinations thereof. The ceramic textiles may be arranged in a variety of 3-D forms, such as Nextel™ or various woven or braided meshes and layers. The ceramic textile is easier to scale up to commercial reactor dimensions than the conventional foams and monoliths comprising ceramics and metals. Tolerance to thermal expansion and thermal heat integration are also improved by the new catalysts. A synthesis gas production process employs a new ceramic composite catalyst in a fixed reaction zone maintained at conversion-promoting conditions effective to produce an effluent stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a molar ratio of about 2:1 H2/CO.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 19, 2001Publication date: January 10, 2002Inventors: Anne M. Gaffney, Robert A. Oswald, Roger Song
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Patent number: 6337300Abstract: A shaped metal fixed-bed catalyst is disclosed which contains at least one catalyst alloy formed of a catalyst metal and an extractable alloying component. The catalyst is activated in an outer layer with a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm starting from the surface by complete or partial extraction of the extractable alloying component. The catalyst may also contain promoters. The catalyst is distinguished from known catalyst in that it is formed exclusively of the catalyst alloy and has a total pore volume of 0.1 to 0.6 ml/g. The catalyst is used for hydrogenation, dehydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1998Date of Patent: January 8, 2002Assignee: Degussa AGInventors: Jörg Sauer, Thomas Haas, Bruno Keller, Andreas Freund, Werner Burkhardt, Dietrich Michelchen, Monika Berweiler
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Publication number: 20020000539Abstract: A method is disclosed for the catalytic conversion of light hydrocarbons to synthesis gas. The method involves the contacting of a feed stream comprising the hydrocarbon feedstock and an O2-containing gas with a catalyst in a reaction zone maintained at conversion-promoting conditions effective to produce an effluent stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The preferred catalysts of the invention comprise bulk nickel monoliths that have been activated by heating in a reducing environment. The preferred catalysts convert hydrocarbons to syngas primarily by a predominantly partial oxidation reaction and retain a high level of activity and selectivity to carbon monoxide and hydrogen under conditions of elevated pressure, high gas space velocity and high temperature in a short contact time reactor.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 2, 2001Publication date: January 3, 2002Inventors: Anne M. Gaffney, Robert A. Oswald, Roger Song, Juan C. Figueroa
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Patent number: 6331503Abstract: The method of the present invention involves the in situ formation of metal-molybdate catalyst particles active for methanol oxidation to formaldehyde, with iron as an example, the catalyst is made by mixing particulate forms of Fe2O3 and MoO3 which form an active Fe2(MoO4)3/MoO3 component inside the reactor during methanol oxidation.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1999Date of Patent: December 18, 2001Assignee: Lehigh UniversityInventors: Israel E. Wachs, Laura E. Briand
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Patent number: 6329314Abstract: A process for activation of a hydroconversion catalyst, whereby said catalyst contains at least one metal or element of group VIII, at least one acid element and optionally at least one metal or element of group VI according to which a light petroleum fraction, at least one thionic compound and at least one nitrogenous compound are injected in said catalyst. This process is carried out such that the QS sulfur amount that is injected before the temperature of the catalyst reaches 250° C. is at least equal to half the QSO sulfur amount that is necessary for complete sulfurization of the catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1999Date of Patent: December 11, 2001Assignee: Institu Francais du PetroleInventors: Samuel Mignard, Virginie Harle, Slavik Kasztelan, Nathalie Marchal-George
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Publication number: 20010049335Abstract: A catalyst for use in the production of vinyl acetate which comprises (1) a catalyst support, (2) palladium, (3) an acid, (4) at least one acetic acid catalyst promoter and (5) at least one vinyl acetate promoter and/or co-promoter. A process for the production of vinyl acetate from ethylene and an oxygen-containing gas using the catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 21, 1999Publication date: December 6, 2001Inventors: SIMON JAMES KITCHEN, DAIYI QIN
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Patent number: 6313064Abstract: A copper alloy comprising 0.1-7.3% of titanium and optionally comprising one or more of zinc, silicon and silver in amounts of 0.001-10%, 0.001-3% and 0.001-1%, respectively, wherein its surface layer contains an oxide containing titanium. This copper alloy exhibits sterilizing effect based on copper and antibacterial effect based on optical catalyst function resulting from the oxide which contains titanium dispersed in the surface layer. The oxide containing titanium can be produced by heating the copper alloy which has the above-mentioned composition and is produced in the usual manner to 200-800° C. to oxidize titanium preferentially. In the case that zinc and silicon are contained, these elements are also preferentially oxidized by the heating, so as to produce oxides. Thus, zinc exhibits antibacterial effect and sterilizing effect. Silicon exhibits hydrophilicity. Silver exhibits sterilizing effect.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1999Date of Patent: November 6, 2001Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.)Inventors: Motohisa Miyafuji, Yoshinobu Tsuzaki, Sadako Yamada, Takenori Nakayama, Wataru Urushihara
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Publication number: 20010036902Abstract: In a catalyst process involving a conversion reaction for organic compounds, e.g. hydrogenations, the catalyst contains at least one support and at least one metal, and is characterized in that it has particles of an average size greater than approximately 1 nm, and more than 80% of particles, the size of which is comprised in the range D±(D.0.2) where D represents the average size of the particles. The catalyst is prepared in a colloidal suspension, in aqueous phase, of the metal oxide or metals to be supported, then depositing this suspension on a support, and optionally reducing the oxide thus supported.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2000Publication date: November 1, 2001Applicant: Institut Francais du petrole.Inventors: Carine Petit-Clair, Blaise Didillon, Denis Uzio
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Patent number: 6309758Abstract: A novel precious metal doped porous metal catalyst is disclosed. The precious metal is present in from 0.01 to 1.5 weight percent and distributed throughout the particles of porous metal to provide a surface to bulk ratio distribution of not greater than 60. The present invention is further directed to a process of forming said doped catalyst and to improved processes of catalytic hydrogenation of organic compounds.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1999Date of Patent: October 30, 2001Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventor: Stephen Raymond Schmidt
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Patent number: 6303535Abstract: A nickel-containing hydrogenation catalyst is prepared by reducing nickel-containing catalyst material in the liquid phase in a single-stage process by means of hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2000Date of Patent: October 16, 2001Assignee: Oxeno Olefinchemie GmbHInventors: Bernhard Scholz, Alfred Kaizik, Wilfried Büschken
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Patent number: 6291394Abstract: Provided are high activity catalysts based upon gamma alumina containing substrates impregnated with one or more catalytically active metals which catalysts in addition contain a nanocrystalline phase of alumina of a crystalline size at the surface of less than 25Å. Also provided are processes for preparing such high activity catalysts and various uses thereof.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 2000Date of Patent: September 18, 2001Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Peter Joseph Shukis, James Donald Carruthers, Vincent Joseph Lostaglio
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Publication number: 20010018400Abstract: A completely metallic catalyst for the oxidation of mixtures in the gaseous phase which contain carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and/or soot, has a surface doped with a metallic element and is subjected to a second thermal treatment in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 1999Publication date: August 30, 2001Applicant: Wilfred HerdaInventors: WILFRIED HERDA, ULRICH HEUBNER, JURGEN KOPPE, HARTMUS LAUSCH
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Patent number: 6281163Abstract: The invention is directed to hydrogenation catalyst particles based on nickel or cobalt and a support, incorporated in a matrix of hardened oil or a derivative thereof, which matrix material is solid at a temperature of 25° C., said particles having an average weight of at least 120 mg and an average height of at least 2.8 mm.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1997Date of Patent: August 28, 2001Assignee: Engelhard de Meern B.V.Inventor: Gustaaf J. M. Van Dijk