Abstract: The present invention provides methods and designs of enclosed-channel reactor system for manufacturing catalysts or supports. Both of the configuration designs force the gaseous precursors and purge gas flow through the channel surface of reactor. The precursors will transform to thin film or particle catalysts or supports under adequate reaction temperature, working pressure and gas concentration. The reactor body is either sealed or enclosed for isolation from atmosphere. Another method using super ALD cycles is also proposed to grow alloy catalysts or supports with controllable concentration. The catalysts prepared by the method and system in the present invention are noble metals, such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium, or transition metals such as iron, silver, cobalt, nickel and tin, while supports are silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide or magnesium oxide, or refractory metals, which can be chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or tantalum.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst for producing ethylene oxide from ethylene which is composed of at least silver (Ag), cesium (Cs), rhenium (Re) and a carrier, and can be improved, in particular, in selectivity. The present invention relates to a catalyst for producing ethylene oxide from ethylene, comprising at least silver (Ag), cesium (Cs), rhenium (Re) and a carrier, said catalyst being produced by optionally pretreating the carrier to support an alkali metal thereon and then supporting Ag, Cs and Re on the carrier, wherein the carrier has a specific surface area of 0.6 to 3.0 m2/g and a weight ratio of a silicon (Si) content to a sodium (Na) content of 2 to 50 in terms of SiO2/Na2O; a content of Re in the catalyst is 170 to 600 ppm per 1 m2/g of the specific surface area of the carrier on the basis of a weight of the carrier; and a molar ratio of Cs to Re in the catalyst is 0.3 to 19.

Abstract: A method for providing a catalyst on a substrate is disclosed comprising providing a first washcoat comprising a soluble washcoat salt species, a polar organic solvent, and an insoluble particulate material, contacting the first washcoat with a substrate to form a coated substrate, and then contacting the coated substrate with a second washcoat comprising an oxide or an oxide-supported catalyst to physisorb, chemisorb, bond, or otherwise adhere the oxide or the oxide-supported catalyst to the coated substrate. Also disclosed is a catalyst on a substrate comprising: a substrate; an anchor layer comprising a soluble washcoat salt species, a polar organic solvent, and an insoluble particulate material; and a second layer comprises an oxide or an oxide-supported catalyst. The catalyst on a substrate can be in either green or fired form.

Abstract: A catalytic article for decomposition of a volatile organic compound includes a porous support body, a plurality of active centers formed on the support body and adapted for catalytic decomposition of the volatile organic compound, and a plurality of capture centers bound to the support body. Each of the active centers is composed of one of a noble metal, a transition metal oxide, and the combination thereof. Each of the capture centers includes at least one functional group that is adapted for attracting or binding the volatile organic compound. A method for preparing the catalytic article is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of production of a catalyst that has 0.05-0.25 wt. % of precious metal, preferably for the oxidative dehydrogenation of olefinically unsaturated alcohols, comprising the following steps a) producing a D.C. plasma, b) introducing the metal and support material into the plasma, c) evaporating the metal and support material or “shattering” the solid bodies of metal and support material in the plasma, and reaction of the particles, d) cooling, so that very small particles of composite material are obtained, e) applying the composite material on the catalyst support proper, the correspondingly produced catalyst and use thereof.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating highly unsaturated hydrocarbons to less unsaturated hydrocarbons wherein production of saturated hydrocarbons is minimized. The process utilizes catalyst including Ce2O3, MgO, and an inorganic support, and optionally palladium, optionally silver, and/or an optional alkali metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst for the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide, which comprises a) providing a support which comprises alumina and has been impregnated with silver or with a silver-comprising compound and has a temperature T0; and b) heating the impregnated support from the temperature T0 to a temperature T1 at a heating rate of at least 30 K/min, and also the catalyst itself which can be obtained by this process.

Abstract: A process of producing a titanium dioxide-based photocatalyst used for degradation of organic pollutants includes the steps of: (a) preparing a mixture solution which includes a titanium dioxide precursor and a transition metal salt having a transition metal ion which is capable of reducing a band gap of titanium dioxide; (b) aging the mixture solution so as to obtain a gel; (c) treating the gel to form an ion-doped titanium dioxide; (d) depositing silver nanoparticles on the ion-doped titanium dioxide to obtain a modified titanium dioxide-based photocatalyst; and (e) calcining the modified titanium dioxide-based photocatalyst.

Abstract: A process for conditioning a high efficiency silver catalyst used to manufacture ethylene oxide from ethylene, oxygen, and at least one organic chloride is described. A non-reactive conditioning gas comprising at least one of ethylene, oxygen, and a ballast gas is introduced to the catalyst at a conditioning temperature ranging from 150° C. to 180° C. for a selected period of at least 4 hours.

Abstract: A catalyst of one or more complex oxides having a nominal composition as set out in formula (1): AxB1-y-zMyPzOn (1) wherein A is selected from one or more group III elements including the lanthanide elements or one or more divalent or monovalent cations; B is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 22 to 24, 40 to 42 and 72 to 75; M is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 25 to 30; P is selected from one or more elements with atomic number 44 to 50 and 76 to 83; x is defined as a number where 0<x?1; y is defined as a number where 0?y<0.5; and z is defined as a number where 0<z<0.2.

Abstract: Supported noble metal-comprising catalysts which can be obtained by a) application of colloidal noble metal in the form of a colloidal solution, optionally in admixture with additives acting as promoters, to a support material, b1) drying of the resulting product at from 150 to 350° C., or b2) drying of the resulting product at from 150 to 350° C. and subsequent calcination at from 350 to 550° C. for epoxidation or oxidative dehydrogenation, a process for producing it, its use and also the use of colloidal noble metal for producing supported catalysts.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a carrier which process comprises incorporating into the carrier at any stage of the carrier preparation a strength-enhancing additive. Also provided is the resultant carrier having incorporated therein a strength-enhancing additive and a catalyst comprising the carrier. Also provided is a process for the epoxidation of an olefin employing the catalyst. Also provided is a method of using the olefin oxide so produced for making a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: An improved carrier for an ethylene epoxidation catalyst is provided. The carrier includes an alumina component containing a first portion of alumina particles having a particle size of, or greater than, 3 ?m and up to 6 ?m, and a second portion of alumina particles having a particle size of, or less than, 2 ?m. An improved catalyst containing the above-described carrier, as well as an improved process for the epoxidation of ethylene using the catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising a first catalytic composition comprising a homogeneous solid mixture containing at least one catalytic metal and at least one metal inorganic support. The pores of the solid mixture have an average diameter in a range of about 1 nanometer to about 15 nanometers. The catalytic metal comprises nanocrystals.

Abstract: A catalyst system and a method for reducing nitrogen oxides in an exhaust gas by reduction with a hydrocarbon or oxygen-containing organic compound reducing agent are provided. The catalyst system contains a silver catalyst and a modifier catalyst, where the modifier catalyst contains a modifier oxide, where the modifier oxide is selected from the group consisting of iron oxide, cerium oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, a lanthanide oxide, an actinide oxide, molybdenum oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, rhenium oxide, tantalum oxide, osmium oxide, barium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, potassium oxide, vanadium oxide, nickel oxide, tungsten oxide, and mixtures thereof. The modifier oxide is supported on an inorganic oxide support or supports, where at least one of the inorganic oxide supports is an acidic support. The catalyst system of the silver catalyst and the modifier catalyst provides higher NOx conversion than either the silver catalyst or the modifier catalyst alone.

Abstract: A bimetallic catalyst supported on a transition metal oxide is described. A method to make and use the bimetallic catalyst is also described. A method for preparing supported bimetallic catalysts of coinage group metal and a combination of a coinage group metal and a platinum metal group is described. A method for direct synthesis of adipic acid (AA) adopting green catalytic oxidation route of cyclohexane (CH) using the bimetallic catalysts is described. The reaction to convert CH into AA in the presence of bimetallic catalyst is carried in an autoclave in the temperature range of 25 to 300° C. The CH conversion was over 21% with AA selectivity of 34% and ca. 63% selectivity of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol together over Au—Pd/TiO2 bimetallic catalyst.

Abstract: A process for treating a carrier, or a precursor thereof, to at least partly remove impurities from the carrier, or the precursor thereof, comprising: contacting the carrier, or the precursor thereof, with a treatment solution comprising a salt in a concentration of at most 0.05 molar, wherein the salt comprises a cation and an anion, and wherein the cation is selected from ammonium, phosphonium, organic cations and combinations thereof, and wherein the anion is selected from organic anions, inorganic carboxylates, oxyanions of elements from Groups IIIA through VIIA of the Periodic Table of Elements, and combinations thereof; and separating at least part of the treatment solution from the carrier, or the precursor thereof.

Abstract: A novel olefin production process is provided which can be established as an industrial and practical process capable of producing olefins by directly reacting a ketone and hydrogen in a single reaction step. In particular, a novel olefin production process is provided in which propylene is obtained with high selectivity by directly reacting acetone and hydrogen. The olefin production process according to the present invention includes reacting a ketone and hydrogen in the presence of at least one dehydration catalyst and a silver-containing catalyst, and the at least one dehydration catalyst is selected from metal oxide catalysts containing a Group 6 element, zeolites, aluminas and heteropoly acid salts in which part or all the protons in heteropoly acids are exchanged with metal cations.

Abstract: Metal nanotubes are provided comprising a composition having formula (M1)NT: wherein M1=Pt, Pd, or Au; wherein the nanotubes have: a wall thickness of from 2 to 12 nm; an outer diameter of from 30 to 100 nm; and a length of from 5 to 30 ?m. Metal nanowires are also provided comprising a composition having formula (M2)NW: wherein M2=Ag or Cu; wherein when M2=Ag, the nanowires have a diameter of from 25 to 60 nm and a length of from 1 to 10 ?m; and when M2=Cu, the nanowires have a diameter of from 50 to 100 nm and a length of from 10 to 50 ?m. In other embodiments, fuel cells are also described having at least one anode; at least one cathode; an electrolyte membrane between the at least one anode and at least one cathode; and a catalyst comprising either of the above described metal nanotubes or nanowires.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a catalyst useful for the vapor phase production of ethylene oxide from ethylene and oxygen comprising the steps of providing a catalyst precursor comprising an inert support having a catalytically effective amount of a silver containing compound, a promoting amount of an alkali metal containing compound, and a promoting amount of a transition metal containing compound disposed thereon; and heating the catalyst precursor in a gas atmosphere for a first period of time and a second period of time, wherein for the first period of time the gas atmosphere is an inert gas atmosphere and the temperature range is from about 25° C. to about 600° C., and then in a second period of time the gas atmosphere is an oxygen-containing atmosphere and the second period temperature range is from about 350° C. to about 600° C.

Abstract: Photocatalytic materials are described herein which include thin nanostructures. For example, the catalytic material can include a nanostructure that has a thin structure of a photocatalytic composition, wherein the thin structure is defined by a first surface and a second surface on opposite sides of the thin structure of the photocatalytic composition. The photocatalytic composition may include an inorganic compound, such as a titanium and/or stannous oxide. The first surface and a second surface may be relatively large as compared to the thickness of the thin structure, or the thickness of the nanostructure.

Abstract: A catalyst precursor resin composition includes an organic polymer resin; a fluorinated-organic complex of silver ion; a monomer having multifunctional ethylene-unsaturated bonds; a photoinitiator; and an organic solvent. The metallic pattern is formed by forming catalyst pattern on a base using the catalyst precursor resin composition reducing the formed catalyst pattern, and electroless plating the reduced catalyst pattern. In the case of forming metallic pattern using the catalyst precursor resin composition, a compatibility of catalyst is good enough not to make precipitation, chemical resistance and adhesive force of the formed catalyst layer are good, catalyst loss is reduced during wet process such as development or plating process, depositing speed is improved, and thus a metallic pattern having good homogeneous and micro pattern property may be formed after electroless plating.

Abstract: A catalyst for the manufacture of alkylene oxide, for example ethylene oxide, by the vapor-phase epoxidation of alkene containing impregnated silver and at least one efficiency-enhancing promoter on an inert, refractory solid support, said support incorporating a sufficient amount of zirconium component (present and remaining substantially as zirconium silicate) as to enhance at least one of catalyst activity, efficiency and stability as compared to a similar catalyst which does not contain the zirconium component.

Abstract: A process is described for producing a powder batch comprises a plurality of particles, wherein the particles include (a) a first catalytically active component comprising at least one transition metal or a compound thereof; (b) a second component different from said first component and capable of removing oxygen from, or releasing oxygen to, an exhaust gas stream; and (c) a third component different from said first and second components and comprising a refractory support. The process comprises providing a precursor medium comprising a liquid vehicle and a precursor to al least one of said components (a) to (c) and heating droplets of said precursor medium carried in a gas stream to remove at least part of the liquid vehicle and chemically convert said precursor to said at least one component.

Abstract: Provided are improved regenerable SOx trap formulations for on-board vehicle applications. The regenerable sulfur trap formulations reduce the rate of sulfur poisoning of a downstream nitrogen storage reduction (NSR) catalyst trap in exhaust gas cleaning systems for combustion engines by adsorbing SOx as metal sulfate under lean exhaust conditions and desorbing the accumulated SOx under rich exhaust conditions. The regenerable sulfur oxides trap catalyst compositions include a metal (M) oxide, wherein M is selected from Cu, Fe, Mn, Ag, Co and combinations thereof and a metal (M)-La—Zr oxide, wherein M is selected from Cu, Fe, Mn, Ag, Co and combinations thereof. In addition, provided are improved exhaust gas cleaning systems and methods for treating exhaust gas from a combustion source that include a hydrogen generation system, a regenerable sulfur oxides trap, and a regenerable nitrogen storage reduction (NSR) catalyst trap.

Abstract: A process for treating a carrier, or a precursor thereof, to at least partly remove impurities comprising contacting the carrier, or the precursor thereof, with a treatment solution comprising a salt; a process for preparing a catalyst; the catalyst; a process for preparing an olefin oxide by reacting an olefin with oxygen in the presence of the catalyst; and a process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: In a ceramic honeycomb structure, a catalyst material used for burning soot discharged from an internal combustion engine is supported on partition walls that are inner surfaces of cells. For example, a catalyst material to be used for burning carbon includes silver and alumina as components, and the catalyst material has a dumbbell-shaped O—Ag—O structure. Thus, the ceramic honeycomb structure can burn soot at low temperature using the supported catalyst material without corroding the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a surface structure control and preparation process for a metal nanocatalyst involving a metal nanocatalyst. The present disclosure provides a surface structure control and continuous preparation system for a metal nanocatalyst, a metal nanocatalyst having an open surface structure and high surface energy, and a surface structure control and a preparation process thereof. The system is provided with a nucleation electrolytic cell, a distribution valve, at least two growth electrolytic cells, with two ends of the distribution valve being connected to an output port of the nucleation electrolytic cell and to input port of all the growth electrolytic cells, respectively. The metal nanocatalyst having an open surface structure is a single metal nanoscale crystal and has a high density of terrace atoms or active sites on the surface thereof.

Abstract: The present invention details a process for producing a catalyst powder. The steps of the process include preparing catalyst slurry, drying, pyrolyzing, and calcining the catalyst slurry to obtain a calcined catalyst powder. The catalyst slurry comprises a catalyst, a liquid carrier, a templating agent, and a catalyst substrate. The catalyst slurry is dried to obtain a raw catalyst powder. The raw catalyst powder is heated in a first controlled atmosphere to obtain a pyrolyzed catalyst powder and the pyrolyzed catalyst powder is calcined in a second controlled atmosphere to obtain a calcined catalyst powder. A method of fabricating a catalyst surface and catalytic converter using the prepared catalyst powder is also illustrated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing coated silver catalysts. The invention further addresses the silver catalysts themselves and the advantageous use thereof in formaldehyde synthesis.

Abstract: Electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide conversion include at least one catalytically active element with a particle size above 0.6 nm. The electrocatalysts can also include a Helper Catalyst. The catalysts can be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of electrochemical conversion of CO2. Chemical processes and devices using the catalysts also include processes to produce CO, HCO?, H2CO, (HCO2)?, H2CO2, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO?, CH3COOH, C2H6, (COOH)2, or (COO?)2, and a specific device, namely, a CO2 sensor.

Abstract: An object is to maintain an effect of enhancing activity of noble metal particles by transition metal without increasing production cost and an environmental load. An exhaust gas purifying catalyst 1 is composed of: noble metal particles 2; first compounds 3 which contact the noble metal particles 2 and suppress movement of the noble metal particles 2; and second compounds 4 which contain the noble metal particles 2 and the first compounds 3, suppress the movement of the noble metal particles 2, and suppress coagulation of the first compounds 3 following mutual contact of the first compounds 3, wherein the first compounds 3 support the noble metal particles 2, and simplexes or aggregates of the first compounds 3 supporting the noble metal particles 2 are included in section partitioned by the second compounds 4.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst for use in production of carboxylic acid ester by reacting (a) aldehyde and alcohol, or (b) one or more types of alcohols, in the presence of oxygen; wherein oxidized nickel and X (wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, silver and copper) are loaded onto a support within the range of the atomic ratio of Ni/(Ni+X) of from 0.20 to 0.99.

Abstract: A supported composite particle material comprises: a composite particle formed of an oxidized nickel and X (wherein X represents at least one of elements selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, gold, silver and copper); and a support on which the composite particle is supported, the supported composite particle material having a supported layer in which the composite particle is localized.

Abstract: A process for making a catalyst having precious metal nanoparticles deposited on a support includes first providing an aqueous dispersion of support particles. A pre-treatment slurry is prepared by mixing the aqueous dispersion of support particles with a water-soluble precious metal precursor and a reducing agent. The pre-treatment slurry is hydrothermally treated at a temperature in the range of from about 40° C. to about 220° C. for a time sufficient to deposit precious metal nanoparticles on the surface of the support particles, the precious metal nanoparticles having an average particle size less about 50 nm.

Abstract: A method for preparing a neutral, stable and transparent photocatalytic titanium dioxide sol is provided. The method comprises (1) contacting an alkaline titanium dioxide sol with an alkaline peptizing agent to provide a peptized alkaline titanium dioxide sol; (2) neutralizing the peptized alkaline titanium dioxide sol; and (3) obtaining or collecting the neutral, stable and transparent photocatalytic titanium dioxide sol. The titanium dioxide sol is stable and transparent over a range of pH of about 7.0 to about 9.5. The titanium dioxide sol may include crystallites of titanium dioxide having an average particle size of less than about 10 nm with at least 90% of the crystallites being in the anatase form.

Abstract: Disclosed are sorbent compositions that include a porous titanium dioxide support impregnated with a silver material. The sorbent compositions may be utilized in systems and methods for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon streams such as jet fuel.

Abstract: The reduction of nitrogen oxides in gas is carried out, by means of selective reaction of the nitrogen oxide with the reducing agent in the in the solid catalyst. In order to achieve high catalytic activity, the above is carried out at high gas temperatures. As a rule, ceramic filter elements, coated with catalytic material are used. This does, however, give rise to the risk the catalytically active components are stripped from the filter during the hot gas filtration. A ceramic filter element with support material in the form of particles, with binder material and catalytic material is thus disclosed, whereby the binder material comprises catalytic material, or the binder material is partly replaced by the catalyst material and the support material particles (1) are connected to each other by means of the catalyst and/or binder material.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for removing mercury from a liquid or gas hydrocarbon stream, mixtures thereof, including mixtures of liquid streams with a solid carbonaceous substance, by contacting the hydrocarbon stream with a composition comprising silver and a support material, wherein the composition as measured by ammonia chemisorption has a surface acidity in the range of 0.1-10.0 ?mole of irreversible NH3/g of the composition.

Abstract: A supported oxidation catalyst includes a support having a metal oxide or metal salt, and mixed metal particles thereon. The mixed metal particles include first particles including a palladium compound, and second particles including a precious metal group (PMG) metal or PMG metal compound, wherein the PMG metal is not palladium. The oxidation catalyst may also be used as a gas sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for producing a catalyst useful for the epoxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide. In forming the catalyst, a silver-impregnated support is subjected to two calcinations. The support is subjected to a first calcination in a first atmosphere comprising air. Next the support is subjected to a second calcination in a second atmosphere which is substantially entirely comprised of inert gas, and which second atmosphere is substantially absent of hydrogen. This two-stage calcination produces an improved catalyst which contains fewer organics left over under standard conditions of air calcination alone, while costing less than calcination in an inert gas alone.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is fine particles of core-shell structure, each particle being composed of a core particle which is formed from a first material and has the face-centered cubic crystal structure and a shell layer which is formed from a second material differing from the first material on the surface of the core particle and has the face-centered cubic crystal structure, the fine particles containing particles which are multiply twinned fine particles and are surrounded by the {111} crystal plane.

Abstract: Catalyst mixtures include at least one Catalytically Active Element and, as a separate constituent, one Helper Catalyst. The catalysts can be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These catalysts are useful for a variety of chemical reactions including, in particular, the electrochemical conversion of CO2. Chemical processes employing these catalysts produce CO, OH?, HCO?, H2CO, (HCO2)?, H2CO2, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO?, CH3COOH, C2H6, O2, H2, (COOH)2, or (COO?)2. Devices using the catalysts include, for example, a CO2 sensor.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the epoxidation of an olefin, which process comprises reacting a feed comprising an olefin and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a carrier and silver deposited on the carrier, which carrier comprises at least 85 weight percent ?-alumina and has a surface area of at least 1.3 m2/g, a median pore diameter of more than 0.8 ?m, and a pore size distribution wherein at least 80% of the total pore volume is contained in pores with diameters in the range of from 0.1 to 10 ?m and at least 80% of the pore volume contained in the pores with diameters in the range of from 0.1 to 10 ?m is contained in pores with diameters in the range of from 0.3 to 10 ?m.

Abstract: A process for preparing a rejuvenated epoxidation catalyst, for the epoxidation of one or more olefins using the rejuvenated epoxidation catalyst to produce olefin oxide, and for the production of a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, or an alkanol amine from the olefin oxide, the process comprising: providing a quantity of spent epoxidation catalyst having a cumulative alkylene oxide production of 0.16 kT/m3 of the spent epoxidation catalyst or more; and, depositing additional silver on the spent epoxidation catalyst in an amount of 0.2% w or more, based on the weight of the spent epoxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether or an alkanolamine comprising converting an olefin oxide, wherein the olefin oxide has been obtained by a process for the epoxidation of an olefin, said process comprising using a catalyst comprising a carrier and silver deposited thereon, wherein the carrier comprises at least 85 weight percent ?-alumina and has a surface area of at least 1.3 m2/g, a median pore diameter of more than 0.8 ?m, and a pore size distribution wherein at least 80% of the total pore is contained in pores with diameters in the range of from 0.1 to 10 ?m, and at least 80% of the pore volume contained in the pores with diameters in the range of from 0.1 to 10 ?m is contained in pores with diameters in the range of from 0.3 to 10 ?m.

Abstract: A catalyst composition, a method of preparation of catalyst composition, a catalytic reduction system including the catalyst composition and a system using the catalytic reduction system are provided. The catalyst composition includes a templated amorphous metal oxide substrate, a catalyst material, and a sulfur scavenger material. The catalyst material includes a catalyst metal disposed on the templated metal oxide substrate and the sulfur scavenger includes an alkali metal.

Abstract: In a hybrid vehicle, control is executed to operate an engine with fuel injection being performed, when an unexecuted percentage of catalyst degradation suppression control is equal to or greater than a threshold value of the unexecuted percentage, when a power storage percentage of a battery is equal to or greater than a threshold value of the power storage percentage and the battery is charging, and also when a vehicle speed is equal to or greater than a threshold value of the vehicle speed and a cumulative air amount is equal to or greater than a threshold value of the cumulative air amount, when a catalyst temperature is less than a first threshold temperature and equal to or greater than a second threshold temperature, when the catalyst temperature is equal to or greater than the first threshold temperature, when there is a braking request while the engine is operating.

Abstract: A method for producing a shell catalyst which comprises, in the outer shell, one or more of the following metals: Pd, Pt, Ag and Au. Also the use of the shell catalyst produced using the method according to the invention for the production of vinyl acetate monomer, in the hydrogenation of hydrocarbons, in particular the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, or in the oxidation of alcohols to ketones/aldehydes/carboxylic acids.

Abstract: Alkaline membrane fuel cells designed with silver cathode catalysts include a catalyst layer comprising silver metal nano-particles and an anion-conducting ionomer. The silver nano-particles are mixed with a solution of the ionomer to form a catalyst ink that is applied to an alkaline membrane to form an ultra-thin cathode catalyst layer on the membrane surface.