Abstract: A collection of systems joined together and formed into a processes to capture CO2 in the dry atmospheric air using an air vacuum pump with attached big fan. The big fan suctions the air while the air vacuum pump pulls the air/gases into the air storage tank. The air/gas being transferred to the built-in freezer in order to freeze it and defrost the ice to liquid. The liquid is drained and transferred to the liquid storage tank. An electrolysis chamber that contains silica gel and peridotite powder allow the separation of molecules upon the application of electrical field. The aqueous silica gel mixed with peridotite powder is the medium serve as an absolute molecular sieves of carbon molecules. A tracking dye is added to the peridotite powder to track the movement of molecules. The liquified gases are injected to the aqueous silica gel. Electrolysis begins by connecting the anode and cathode points to the power supply and electrolysis chamber.

Abstract: A process for removing Hg2+ toxins from bodily fluids is disclosed. The process involves contacting the bodily fluid with a titanium metallate ion exchanger to remove the metal toxins in the bodily fluid, including blood and gastrointestinal fluid. Alternatively, blood can be contacted with a dialysis solution which is then contacted with the ion exchanger. The titanium metallate ion exchangers are represented by the following empirical formula: AmTiNbaSixOy. A composition is provided with the combination of the titanium metallate ion exchanger and bodily fluids or dialysis solutions. Also, provided is an apparatus comprising a matrix and the titanium metallate ion exchanger.

Abstract: A mesoporous material is derived from a polysaccharide by thermally assisted partial carbonisation after expansion. The polysaccharide is an acid containing polysaccharide or mixture of polysaccharides.

Abstract: A hydrothermal synthesis method of making a delaminated titanate is disclosed. The delaminated titanate has a unique structure or morphology. The delaminated titanate is first formed by forming at a low temperature a layered sodium nonatitanate (SNT), which may be referred to as layered sodium titanate. The layered SNT has a unique morphology. The layered SNT is then synthesized into a delaminated titanate having a unique morphology.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions comprising molybdenum, sulfur and an alkali metal ion supported on a nanofibrous, mesoporous carbon molecular sieve are useful for converting syngas to higher alcohols. The compositions are produced via impregnation and may enhance selectivity to ethanol in particular.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an activated carbon for an electric double layer capacitor, with which the wettability of a carbon material with an alkali activator is improved, thereby improving contact efficiency between the carbon material and the alkali activator and efficiently promoting reaction between the carbon material, which is a starting material and the activator. The method comprises adjusting a carbon material as it is or after having been calcined to produce a carbon powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 15 ?m, oxidizing the carbon powder to contain 3 percent by mass or more of oxygen, and activating the oxidized product with an alkali activator.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydrogen storage material comprising a porous carbon material having oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface, and Li bonded to the surface of the porous carbon material. The hydrogen storage material of the invention has more excellent hydrogen storage capacity than the prior art.

Abstract: Mesoporous activated carbon is disclosed. In at least some embodiments, virgin activated carbon to be processed may be coconut shell-based. The enhanced activated carbon may have a mesopore structure of at least about 10%. The enhanced activated carbon may be produced through a calcium-catalyzed activation process. A chelator may also be used. Catalyzed thermal activation may be carried out until a desired mass loss is achieved.

Abstract: A method produces activated carbon, suitable in particular for use in double-layer condensers. The method includes a) producing a mixture of a preferably pulverulent carbon material, a base and a hydrophilic polymer chemically inert to the base, b) pressing the mixture produced in step a) to form a pressing and c) activating the pressed body produced in step b).

Abstract: Adsorbed natural gas (ANG) technology is an energy efficient approach for storing NG at room temperature and low pressure. ANG technology can be applied to several aspects of the NG industry. The usage of an adsorbent material in natural gas storage and transport may provide increased storage density of NG at a given pressure and decreased pressure of gaseous fuel at a given gas density. Such adsorbent materials have been shown to store substantial quantities of natural gas at relatively modest pressures. Because lower-pressure vessels can be far less expensive than comparable sized high-pressure vessels, ANG based storage can be used to lower the cost of storing natural gas in various applications.

Abstract: A method for activating carbon via alkali activation processes includes the introduction of water vapor during the activation phase to control the formation of highly reactive by-products. The method includes heating the mixture of a carbon-containing first material and a alkali-containing second material, introducing water vapor at a first threshold temperature and stopping water vapor introduction at a second threshold temperature. The activated carbon material is suitable for carbon-based electrodes and for use in high energy density devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high surface area porous carbon material and a process for making this material. In particular, the carbon material is derived from biomass and has large mesopore and micropore surfaces that promote improved adsorption of materials and gas storage capabilities.

Abstract: A method of preparing activated carbon, is disclosed, comprising: exposing carbonaceous material to microwave radiation in the presence of water to produce activated carbon.

Abstract: Nanoporous activated carbon material having a high specific capacitance in EDLCs and controlled oxygen content, and methods for making such activated carbon material. Reduction of oxygen content is achieved by (a) curing a carbon precursor/additive mixture in an inert or reducing environment, and/or (b) refining (heating) activated carbon material after synthesis in an inert or reducing environment. The inert or reducing environment used for curing or refining is preferably substantially free of oxygen.

Abstract: A method produces activated carbon, suitable in particular for use in double-layer condensers. The method includes a) producing a mixture of a preferably pulverulent carbon material, a base and a hydrophilic polymer chemically inert to the base, b) pressing the mixture produced in step a) to form a pressing and c) activating the pressed body produced in step b).

Abstract: A process of manufacturing powdered coffee carbons from spent coffee grounds includes: washing spent coffee grounds, dehydrating same, and conveying same to a pre-carbonation oven for drying and pre-carbonization; removing the pre-carbonized spent coffee grounds, soaking same in a solution mixed with a predetermined quantity of sodium carbonate for a predetermined period of time for grease removal, and washing the grease free spent coffee grounds; pouring the pre-carbonized spent coffee grounds into a post-carbonization oven and heating same to the range of 600 to 650° C. to carbonize the pre-carbonized spent coffee grounds so that the carbonized spent coffee grounds have a porous structure; supplying saturated steam between 850 and 950° C. to the carbonized spent coffee carbons for activation; and operating a wet grinder to grind the activated spent coffee carbons until powdered coffee carbons having a size between 0.1 and 20 ?m are obtained.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to carbonizing and activating carbonaceous material.

Abstract: A substantially homogeneous composite for making a carbon material includes a carbon precursor and an activation agent that is soluble in a solution including the carbon precursor. An amount of the activation agent used is sufficient to form the carbon material having at least 90% of a total pore volume of the carbon material composed of micropores, and 10% or less of the total pore volume composed of mesopores and macropores.

Abstract: Improved polisiloxane composite barrier to control, preventing the ingress, limiting the level of H2O within devices sensitive to its presence, method for its production, sensitive devices employing such barriers for the control of the H2O level within.

Abstract: Compositions, and processes utilizing such compositions, are provided for reducing mercury emissions during fuel combustion Such compositions comprise a sorbent, a bromine source and a chlorine source Such compositions exhibit improved thermal stability as compared to that of the sorbent by itself.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an active carbon containing an alkaline earth metal compound inside the particle and having a specific surface area of 10 to 2,000 m2/g, which is suitable to be used for polarizable electrodes in an electric double layer capacitor. The active carbon of the present invention enables to increase the capacitance of an electric double layer capacitor as well as to control the expansion of electrodes. The active carbon of the present invention can be obtained by adding an alkaline earth metal compound to a material such as pitch and performing heat treatment and activation.

Abstract: A two-cycle thermal process for making porous activated carbon materials involves a first step of heating a mixture of a carbon precursor/chemical additive in a first heating cycle at a first temperature to cause gas liberation and volumetric expansion of the mixture, and heating the carbon material produced in the first step in a second heating cycle at a second temperature to carbonize and activate the carbon precursor. During the second cycle, essentially no gas liberation or volumetric expansion is observed.

Abstract: Provided is a production process for a carbon material comprising an alkali activation reaction step in which a carbon precursor containing an activator selected from alkali metal compounds is heated under flow of inert gas. The above alkali activation reaction is carried out while allowing carbon dioxide gas to flow into a downstream part of an alkali activation reaction region on the condition that the carbon dioxide gas is not substantially brought into contact with the carbon precursor and the activator. This makes it possible to carry out alkali activation treatment safely and stably and obtain a carbon material useful for producing an electric double layer capacitor electrode having a high electrostatic capacity.

Abstract: An arsenic sorbent includes monohydrocalcite that has been precipitated by mixing an aqueous solution of a soluble carbonate or a carbonate with an aqueous solution that includes an Mg2+ ion and a Ca2+ ion in a ratio “Mg/Ca” of 0.3 or more, the monohydrocalcite having a molar ratio “Mg/(Ca+Mg)” of 0.1 or less. The arsenic sorbent exhibits a high arsenic sorption ability, and can stably retain a sorbate. A purification method using the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing a dry regenerable sorbent which comprises the steps of obtaining a slurry through formulation, mixing, comminuting and dispersion of the sorbent raw materials, forming the slurry by spray drying to produce sorbent particles, and calcining the sorbent particles. In the step of obtaining a slurry, there is used organic additives (dispersant, a flow control agent, and an organic binder) necessary to obtain a well-dispersed, stable and free-flowing slurry in which the raw materials are present below a sub-micron level (nanosize). The organic additives are removed and decomposed through the calcining. The use of the hydrophilic and high specific surface area support allows the dry regenerable sorbent to have a high reactivity. The solid active component is used instead of a liquid amine used in a conventional wet carbon dioxide capture technology. In addition, the sorbent can be re-used through continuous sorption and regeneration processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides catalytic adsorbents formed from doping activated carbon with a dispersed halide salt. The catalytic adsorbents provided herein are stable and harmless at room temperature, yet allow for chemical adsorption at elevated temperatures typical of those for flue gas streams. The present invention also provides methods of manufacturing the doped activated carbon adsorbents.

Abstract: A method for producing a low oxygen content activated carbon material includes heating a natural, non-lignocellulosic carbon precursor in an inert or reducing atmosphere to form a first carbon material, mixing the first carbon material with an inorganic compound to form an aqueous mixture, heating the aqueous mixture in an inert or reducing atmosphere to incorporate the inorganic compound into the first carbon material, removing the inorganic compound from the first carbon material to produce a second carbon material, and heating the second carbon material in an inert or reducing atmosphere to form the low oxygen content activated carbon material. The activated carbon material is suitable to form improved carbon-based electrodes for use in high energy density devices.

Abstract: A substantially homogeneous composite for making a carbon material includes a carbon precursor and an activation agent that is soluble in a solution including the carbon precursor. An amount of the activation agent used is sufficient to form the carbon material having at least 90% of a total pore volume of the carbon material composed of micropores, and 10% or less of the total pore volume composed of mesopores and macropores.

Abstract: To provide an agent for removing a halogen series gas and a method for removing a halogen series gas which is excellent in a removing ability of removing the present halogen series gas in a low concentration area, which prevents an adsorbent from generating heat, and which is capable of reducing formation of a solid waste. A method for removing a halogen series gas, which comprises bringing a gas to be treated which contains at least one member selected from the halogen series gas group consisting of F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, and compounds which generate a hydrogen halide or hypohalogeneous acid upon hydrolysis, into contact with a granule comprising, based on the total mass of the granule, from 45 to 99.85 mass % of an alkali metal salt, from 0.1 to 40 mass % of a carbonaceous material, and from more than 0 mass % to 15 mass % of an alkaline earth metal salt, in the presence of water.

Abstract: An activated carbon having the highest peak D within the range of 1.0 nm to 1.5 nm, in which the peak D is from 0.012 to 0.050 cm3/g and is from 2% to 32% to a total pore volume, in pore size distribution as calculated by BJH method from N2-adsorption isotherm at 77.4 K. An electric double layer capacitor comprising the polarizable electrode which comprises the activated carbon, carbon fiber, carbon black, and binder.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making activated carbon having BET surface area up to 2000 m2/g with pore diameter in the range 17-21 ? suitable for fabricating fuel cell and ultracapacitor electrode from coconut shell by treating carbon granules obtained from coconut shells with chemical activating agents like zinc chloride or potassium hydroxide at the room temperature range 500-800° C. in a dynamic flow of gases like N2 or CO2 for 6-24 h followed by a specific cooling pattern to room temperature. Use of such activated carbon enables the fabrication of high performance ultracapacitor electrodes in H2SO4 as exemplified by capacitance values like 180 F/g without the use of any normal metal additives such as RuO2 or IrO2.

Abstract: In automotive exhaust gas catalysts with a metallic honeycomb composed of corrugated and smooth sheet layers, it is known that the heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the honeycomb can be reduced by perforations in the sheet layers. As a result, the honeycomb heats up more rapidly and the catalytic coating applied on the honeycomb reaches its operating temperature more rapidly. A disadvantage here is the reduction in the support surface area by the perforations in the sheet layers. According to the invention, suitable adjustment of the properties of the coating suspension used for the catalytic coating and of the dimensions of the holes relative to one another allows the holes to be filled permanently with catalyst material. The resulting catalyst has, at the same coating concentration as a catalyst with unperforated sheet layers, a significantly reduced heat capacity and thermal conductivity.

Abstract: In activated carbon obtained by subjecting a carbonaceous material to an activation treatment, the overall content of alkali metals is set at 100 ppm or less, or the overall content of heavy metals is set at 20 ppm or less and the overall content of alkali metals is set at 200 ppm or less. In cases where such activated carbon is used as a raw material in electronic devices, the formation of dendrites by the reductive deposition of alkali metals or heavy metals tends not to occur, so that problems such as short-circuiting or the like tend not to arise, and a good rate of self-discharge retention is shown.

Abstract: Activated carbon useful as polarizable electrode material for an electric double-layer capacitor can be obtained by mixing a carbonaceous material and an alkali metal hydroxide while maintaining a solid state, granulating the obtained mixture while maintaining its solid state, dehydrating the obtained granulated substance while maintaining its solid state, and subjecting the granulated dehydration product obtained in the dehydration step to an activation treatment. The preferred pressure of the granulation treatment in the granulation step is 0.01 to 300 Torr, and the preferred temperature of the granulation treatment is 90 to 140° C. The preferred pressure of the dehydration treatment in the dehydration step is 0.01 to 10 Torr, and the preferred temperature of the dehydration treatment is 200 to 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an active carbon containing an alkaline earth metal compound inside the particle and having a specific surface area of 10 to 2,000 m2/g, which is suitable to be used for polarizable electrodes in an electric double layer capacitor. The active carbon of the present invention enables to increase the capacitance of an electric double layer capacitor as well as to control the expansion of electrodes. The active carbon of the present invention can be obtained by adding an alkaline earth metal compound to a material such as pitch and performing heat treatment and activation.

Abstract: A porous mullite composition is made by Forming a mixture of one or more precursor compounds having the elements present in mullite (e.g., clay, alumina, silica) and a property enhancing compound. The property enhancing compound is a compound having an element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Fe, Na, K, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, B, Y, Sc, La and combination thereof. The mixture is shaped and to form a porous green shape which is heated under an atmosphere having a fluorine containing gas to a temperature sufficient to form a mullite composition comprised substantially of acicular mullite grains that are essentially chemically bound.

Abstract: An activated carbon having the highest peak D within the range of 1.0 nm to 1.5 nm, in which the peak D is from 0.012 to 0.050 cm3/g and is from 2% to 32% to a total pore volume, in pore size distribution as calculated by BJH method from N2-adsorption isotherm at 77.4 K. An electric double layer capacitor comprising the polarizable electrode which comprises the activated carbon, carbon fiber, carbon black, and binder.

Abstract: A porous mullite composition is made by forming a mixture of one or more precursor compounds having the elements present in mullite (e.g., clay, alumina, silica) and a property enhancing compound. The property enhancing compound is a compound having an element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Fe, Na, K, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, B, Y, Sc, La and combination thereof. The mixture is shaped and to form a porous green shape which is heated under an atmosphere having a fluorine containing gas to a temperature sufficient to form a mullite composition comprised substantially of acicular mullite grains that are essentially chemically bound.

Abstract: The invention concerns a carbonaceous sorbent in powder or grain form for the dry cleaning of waste gases from thermal processes. The sorbent includes carbon adsorbents from the group of activated carbon and/or brown coal cokes which are modified with sulfur and/or sulfur compounds. The sorbent is distinguished in that the specific surface area of the carbon adsorbents in m2/g in relation to the pore volume of the micropores in cm3/g is between 2400 and 2700.

Abstract: A carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrodes which is obtained by a heat treatment and an activation treatment of a material pitch having a softening point in a range of 150 to 350° C., a ratio of amounts by atom of hydrogen to carbon (H/C) in a range of 0.50 to 0.90 and a content of optically anisotropic components of 50% or greater. The material pitch is preferably a synthetic pitch obtained by polymerizing a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon such as naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene and pyrene in the presence of an ultra-strong acid catalyst such as a hydrogen fluoride-boron trifluoride complex. Electric double layer capacitors having a high electrode density and a high electrostatic capacity per unit volume can be constructed using the carbon material.

Abstract: A method for producing an activated carbon material, wherein the method comprises a step of thermally treating coal-based pitch at two temperature ranges of 400° C. to 600° C. and 600° C. to 900° C.; and a step of mixing the thus obtained carbonaceous material with an alkali metal compound and effecting activation thereof at 600° C. to 900° C., and an activated carbon material obtained by the method. When the activated carbon material of the present invention is used a polarizable electrode material of an electric double layer capacitor, high capacitance per electrode is attained without application of excessive voltage. By adding fibrous material to a coal-based pitch during activation expansion of an alkali molten liquid can be suppressed and productivity can be drastically improved.

Abstract: To produce activated carbon for an electrode of an electric double-layer capacitor, the following steps are carried out sequentially: a step of subjecting a massive mesophase pitch to a pulverizing treatment to provide a pulverized powder; a step of subjecting the pulverized powder to an infusibilizing treatment under conditions of a temperature in a range of 300° C. (inclusive) to 450° C. (inclusive) in the atmospheric air current, a step of subjecting the pulverized powder to a carbonizing treatment under conditions of a temperature in a range of 600° C. (inclusive) to 900° C. (inclusive) in an inert gas current to provide a carbonized powder, a step of subjecting the carbonized powder to an alkali activating treatment under conditions of a temperature in a range of 500° C. (inclusive) to 1,000° C. (inclusive) in an inert gas atmosphere, followed by the post treatments, thereby producing alkali-activated carbon, and a step of subjecting the alkali-activated carbon to a pulverizing treatment.

Abstract: A carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrodes which is obtained by a heat treatment and an activation treatment of a material pitch having a softening point in a range of 150 to 350° C., a ratio of amounts by atom of hydrogen to carbon (H/C) in a range of 0.50 to 0.90 and a content of optically anisotropic components of 50% or greater. The material pitch is preferably a synthetic pitch obtained by polymerizing a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon such as naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene and pyrene in the presence of an ultra-strong acid catalyst such as a hydrogen fluoride-boron trifluoride complex. Electric double layer capacitors having a high electrode density and a high electrostatic capacity per unit volume can be constructed using the carbon material.

Abstract: A new shaped activated carbon and the method of its manufacture are disclosed. The invention resides in the crosslinking of a polymeric cellulose, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), within the carbon bodies after they are shaped, employing the CMC as a binder for the activated carbon. The approach to attain product mechanical strength and water stability by crosslinking rather than high temperature heat treatment is not obvious from the prior art teaching. The crosslinking reaction occurs at temperatures below 270° C. In addition, this new binder technology produces shaped carbon bodies having key properties beyond the best level that has been accomplished with other binders.

Abstract: A formed activated carbon has a Kiya crushing strength of 1 kg or more and a specific heat of 0.4 J/K·cc or more at 25° C.

Abstract: Activated carbon for use in an electric double layer capacitor which has at least activated carbon, electrolyte solution and a separator, the activated carbon having properties of: the total specific surface area of 1000 m2/g or larger; the pore volume distribution of 400 &mgr;l/g or larger for the pores larger than 12 Å and smaller than 40 Å in diameter and of 50 &mgr;l/g or larger for the pores larger than 40 Å in diameter; and the total pore volume of 1000 &mgr;l/g or smaller.

Abstract: The present invention provides an activated carbon produced by a process, which includes: activating a carbonaceous material, to obtain an activated carbonaceous material; and contacting the activated carbonaceous material with an acid. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode for an electric double-layer capacitor, which includes the above-described activated carbon. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a filter, which includes the above-described activated carbon. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a shaped article, which includes the above-described activated carbon. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing activated carbon, which includes activating a carbonaceous material, to obtain an activated carbonaceous material; and contacting the activated carbonaceous material with an acid, to obtain the activated carbon.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of reversibly storing hydrogen comprising exposing a solid sorbent of metal-doped carbon-based material to a hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature of from about 250 K to about 973 K under ambient or higher pressure. The metal-doped carbon-based material is generally an alkali metal-doped carbon-based material prepared by mixing a carbon material with an alkali metal salt and calcining the mixture under an atmosphere of inert or reductive gas.

Abstract: A new shaped activated carbon and the method of its manufacture are disclosed. The invention resides in the crosslinking of a polymeric cellulose, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), within the carbon bodies after they are shaped, employing the CMC as a binder for the activated carbon. The approach to attain product mechanical strength and water stability by crosslinking rather than high temperature heat treatment is not obvious from the prior art teaching. The crosslinking reaction occurs at temperatures below 270° C. In addition, this new binder technology produces shaped carbon bodies having key properties beyond the best level that has been accomplished with other binders.

Abstract: Catalytic membranes comprising highly-dispersed, catalytically-active metals in nanoporous carbon membranes and a novel single-phase process to produce the membranes.