Abstract: A carbon material for electric double layer capacitor electrodes which is obtained by a heat treatment and an activation treatment of a material pitch having a softening point in a range of 150 to 350° C., a ratio of amounts by atom of hydrogen to carbon (H/C) in a range of 0.50 to 0.90 and a content of optically anisotropic components of 50% or greater. The material pitch is preferably a synthetic pitch obtained by polymerizing a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon such as naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene and pyrene in the presence of an ultra-strong acid catalyst such as a hydrogen fluoride-boron trifluoride complex. Electric double layer capacitors having a high electrode density and a high electrostatic capacity per unit volume can be constructed using the carbon material.

Abstract: An activated carbon which is prepared from granular isotropic pitch.

Abstract: Activated carbon filters containing transition metals, are prepared by (a) exchanging the transition metal with a cellulose ion exchange material to produce a cellulose material containing the transition metal; (b) charring of the product of (a); activating the product of (b) to form an activated carbon filter having a pore network throughout; and removing surface carbon substantially throughout the pore network of the filter formed in (c). Methods of filtering an atmosphere containing a gaseous contaminant by passing the contaminated atmosphere through a filter made by this process are described.

Abstract: A titania bound ion exchange composition is prepared by admixing crystalline sodium titanate and a hydrolyzable titanium compound and then drying the titania bound crystalline sodium titanate. The dried titania bound ion exchange composition is subjected to optional compaction and calcination steps to improve the physical strength of the titania bound composition.

Abstract: A method of making activated carbon of various pore size distributions involves an providing oxidized pitch, carbonizing the pitch when the softening point of the pitch is less than about 250° C., and activating the pitch to produce activated carbon. A catalyst metal can be included with the pitch to produce mesoporosity in the activated carbon.

Abstract: Mesoporous carbon and method of making involves forming a mixture of a high carbon-yielding carbon precursor that when carbonized yields greater than about 40% carbon on a cured basis, and an additive that can be catalyst metal and/or low carbon-yielding carbon precursor that when carbonized yields no greater than about 40% by weight carbon on a cured basis. When a catalyst metal is used, the amount of catalyst metal after the subsequent carbonization step is no greater than about 1 wt. % based on the carbon. The mixture is cured, and the carbon precursors are carbonized and activated to produce mesoporous activated carbon.

Abstract: An activated carbon and method of producing and using same. Pecan hulls are fractured to produce a particle size of less than a predetermined size (e.g., 75 microns), chemically activated in an acid solution, carbonized, and washed.

Abstract: A method of producing a continuous carbon structure involves providing an inorganic support and a synthetic carbon precursor, contacting the inorganic support with the carbon precursor, curing and carbonizing the carbon precursor. Prior to the carbonizing step, a potassium compound is introduced into the carbon precursor. The potassium compound is greater than about 3% by weight of the total weight of the carbon precursor and potassium compound.The potassium compound is then removed from the carbonized carbon structure. A carbon structure is produced having a surface area of at least about 100 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: A general stochastic method for synthesizing random oligomers can be used to synthesize compounds to screen for desired properties. The use of identification tags on the oligomers facilitates identification of oligomers with desired properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of molecular sieve compound and in particular, to a manufacturing method whereas crystalline aluminosilicate salt is formed in the pores of activated carbon and thereby possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic adsorption capacity, therefore the molecular sieve compound manufactured according to this present invention is in use for treatment agent of wastewater, deodorizing agent, antibacterial and disinfectant agent, adsorbent of organic matter and water, removal agent of harmful gas of cigarette, separable agent of air and many other applications.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly activated carbon particles derived from caustic digestion of rice hull ash obtained from thermal pyrolysis of rice hulls having an iodine number of at least 650 to 1000. The activated carbon pores are free of silicate residue from the caustic digestion. Also disclosed are methods of removing the silicate residue from the caustic silicate solution during digestion effective to substantially improve the activation of the carbon particles to commercial grade.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon and methods for preparing same. In particular, this invention relates to the preparation of novel carbons derived from lignocellulosic materials (particularly wood-based lignocellulosic materials) which are useful for producing high energy density double layer energy storage devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon and methods for preparing same. In particular, this invention relates to the preparation of novel carbons derived from lignocellulosic materials (particularly wood-based lignocellulosic materials) which are useful for producing high power density double layer energy storage devices.

Abstract: Fluorocarbons including perfluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons are highly efficiently decomposed by contacting a gaseous fluorocarbon with a reagent comprising carbon and an alkaline earth metal or carbon, an alkaline earth metal and an alkali metal at an elevated temperature, the decomposed halogen being fixed to the reagent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling microbial growth on a material. The method includes applying to the material an antimicrobial agent including colloid particles having an ion exchange capacity and having attached a quantity of one or more ligands with antimicrobial properties where the quantity of ligand attached to the colloid particles is in excess of 125% and up to 200% of the ion exchange capacity of the colloid particles. The present invention also relates to a method of controlling microbial growth in a material, as well as to an antimicrobial surface, an antimicrobial material, and an antimicrobial agent.

Abstract: A method for making an activated carbon-supported catalyst involves providing an inorganic support having a continuous coating of activated carbon, activated carbon being derived from a synthetic carbon precursor, introducing a catalyst precursor into the pore structure of the activated carbon, and thermally treating the catalyst precursor to form an activated carbon-supported catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mesoporous carbon material in the form of filaments having a high surface area. A process is also provided to produce mesoporous carbon material of high surface area. The process comprises drying a carbon material, surface oxidizing the dried material, stabilizing the surface oxidized material, and activating the stabilized material to produce a highly activated, mesoporous material.

Abstract: A process for further chemical activation of activated carbon is disclosed comprising activation of an active carbon precursor material with a potassium hydroxide solution, pre-drying the blend to 5% to 15% moisture content, activating this blend at from about 650.degree. to about 1100.degree. C., and acid washing and drying the microporous activated carbon product, which is characterized by greater than 50% of its total pore volume comprising pores of from about 8.ANG. to 20.ANG. in width and greater than 70% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 20.ANG. in width and greater than 95% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 50.ANG. in width.

Abstract: A metal oxide-carrying activated carbon having an oxidation catalytic activity comprises a treated activated carbon obtained by carbonizing a carbon material, activating the obtained carbon with an activating gas comprising carbon dioxide and water vapor, said activating gas containing not more than 15% by volume of water vapor, and then cooling the activated carbon down to a temperature of not more than 300.degree. C. under the same atmosphere; and, carried thereon, 0.1 to 20% by weight as converted into metal of an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, zinc, copper, magnesium and calcium. A deodorant is obtained by adding 1 to 50 parts by weight of a plastic powder having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 .mu.m to 100 parts by weight of the above metal oxide-carrying activated carbon. The above.

Abstract: An adsorptive monolith made by extruding a mixture of activated carbon, a ceramic forming material, a flux material, and water, drying the extruded monolith, and firing the dried monolith at a temperature and for a time period sufficient to react the ceramic material together and form a ceramic matrix. The extrudable mixture may also comprise a wet binder. The monolith has a shape with at least one passage therethrough and desirably has a plurality of passages therethrough to form a honeycomb. The monolith may be dried by vacuum drying, freeze drying, or control humidity drying. The monolith is useful for removing volatile organic compounds and other chemical agents such as ozone from fluid streams. Particularly useful applications include adsorptive filters for removing ozone from xerographic devices and other appropriate office machines and volatile organic compounds from automobile engine air intake systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for producing active carbon suitable for use in electrodes for an organic solvent type electric double layer capacitor, comprising calcining an easily graphitizable organic substance and then subjecting the resultant carbonized product to an alkali activation treatment, wherein the alkali activation treatment comprises a first alkali activation treatment at a temperature within a first range and a second alkali activation treatment at a temperature within a second range, said temperature within the second range being higher than that of the first activation treatment, and one of both alkali activation treatments is performed after the other alkali activation treatment.

Abstract: This invention is method for preparing a titania bound ion exchange composition comprising admixing crystalline sodium titanate and a hydrolyzable titanium compound and, thereafter drying the titania bound crystalline sodium titanate and subjecting the dried titania bound ion exchange composition to optional compaction and calcination steps to improve the physical strength of the titania bound composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rigid fine-celled foam composition and a method of producing it. The foam composition is nontoxic, environmentally friendly, has improved absorption/adsorption and retention of liquids, is not as hard as prior art foams, does not include polymerization by-products detrimental to flower and plant life, and is a foamed mixture of a caustic silicate solution derived from the caustic digestion of rice hull ash having diffused activated carbon particles from thermal pyrolysis of rice hulls rather than from commercial sodium silicate solutions. Valuable by-products of commodity grade are obtained including activated carbon and sodium fluoride.

Abstract: The porous granular material according to the invention comprises carbon, silica, water-soluble mineral salts and water-insoluble mineral salts, does not disintegrate in the presence of water and has a particle size of approximately 1 to 5 mm, preferably from 1 to 3 mm, in particular from 1 to 2 mm; a crushing strength, or mechanical strength, in the range of 0.75 to 1 MPa; a density of between 0.7 and 0.8; a BET specific surface area of between 100 and 200 m.sup.2 /g; a microporous volume of between 0.25 and 1 cm.sup.3 /g; and a carbon content of 8 to 11 weight %, the balance being essentially made up by a mineral matrix of base nature, comprising a crystalline phase of insoluble aluminosilicates.Application, in particular, to the purification of liquids, as a catalyst in oxidation reactions and in the manufacture of composite catalysts, in particular in petrochemistry.

Abstract: A highly microporous activated carbon is disclosed which is prepared by activation of an active carbon precursor material with a potassium hydroxide solution, pre-drying the blend to below 25% moisture content, activating this blend at from about 650.degree. to about 1100.degree. C., and acid washing and drying the microporous activated carbon product and which is characterized by greater than 50% of its total pore volume comprising pores of from above 8 .ANG. to 20 .ANG. in width and greater than 70% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 20 .ANG. in width and greater than 95% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 50 .ANG. in width.

Abstract: A method for making an activated carbon supported catalyst, the method comprising combining a carbon precursor and a catalyst precursor, curing the carbon precursor if necessary, carbonizing the carbon precursor, and activating the carbon to produce the activated carbon supported catalyst. The activated carbon supported catalyst can take the form of a coating on a substrate, a powder, or a monolithic body.

Abstract: A two-stage process for chemical activation of lignocellulose-derived carbon is disclosed comprising a first activation stage of blending a lignocellulose material with phosphoric acid, carbonizing the blend at from about 300.degree. F. to about 1,100.degree. F. (about 150.degree.-590.degree. C.), and water washing the carbonized material and a second activation stage of blending the carbonized material with a potassium hydroxide solution, activating this blend at from about 1,200.degree. to about 1,800.degree. F. (about 650.degree.-980.degree. C.), and water washing and drying the microporous activated carbon product, which is characterized by greater than 50% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 16 .ANG. in width and greater than 80% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 20 .ANG. in width and greater than 95% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 50 .ANG. in width.

Abstract: An alkali metal iodide and phosphoric acid are homogeneously supported on an activated carbon honeycomb, in respective amounts of 0.015 to 1.5 mg atoms as iodine and 1.4 to 7.0 mg equivalents per gram of activated carbon. The alkali metal iodide is potassium iodide. When both the chemicals are supported on activated carbon in amounts respectively within the above ranges, homogeneous supporting of phosphoric acid with the alkali metal iodide becomes possible without causing any decrease in adsorption and elimination capacities. A number of malodorous and harmful components such as nitrogen-containing compounds and sulfur-containing compounds can be efficiently removed with one kind of activated carbon over a long period of time. The activated carbon adsorbent thus obtained can be used for various deodorization purposes and in exhaust gas treatment, and is particularly suited for use in toilet deodorization and in gas treatment in closed spaces, for example in refrigerators.

Abstract: Process for preparing activated charcoal by means of the thermal treatment of potassium humates or humic acids, deriving from coal oxidation, in the presence of an activating agent.

Abstract: A method of producing activated carbon from lignite, in which pit-wet lignite is heated to high temperatures. The invention further describes the heating of the lignite in the presence of additional water vapor. The invention also contemplates the addition of potassium ions to the lignite, in the form of potassium hydroxide.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic carbonaceous material is activated to produce a high activity, high density gas-phase activated carbon under conditions which effectively alter the particle pore volume size distribution to optimize the carbon's mesoporosity. An improved process is disclosed for producing the carbon, as are its application in emission control for vehicles.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic carbonaceous material is activated to produce a high activity, high density gas-phase activated carbon under conditions which effectively alter the particle pore volume size distribution to optimize the carbon's mesoporosity. An agglomeration process is disclosed for producing the carbon.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for the manufacture of activated carbon wherein a carbonaceous raw material impregnated with a chemical activating agent is treated by controlling the rate of heat transfer to the particles via indirect heating of the activation furnace and simultaneously introducing a flow of independently controlled sweep gas at spaced intervals along the path of travel of the particles through the furnace to more precisely control the activation reaction and the level of densification of the particles during certain stages of treatment. In a more preferred embodiment, the particles are processed in a plurality of treatment stages related to the rate of evolution of water and/or the evolution of water and the chemical activating agent and the rates of heat transfer and the volume flow rate of sweep gas are closely controlled relative to achieving predetermined levels of densification of the particles during each treatment stage and selected levels of activation properties in the end product.

Abstract: Carbonaceous material is activated to produce a high activity, high density gas-phase activated carbon under conditions which effectively alter the particle pore size distribution to optimize the carbon's mesoporosity. The carbon is particularly suited for application in emission control for vehicles.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic carbonaceous material is activated to produce a high activity, high density gas-phase activated carbon under conditions which effectively alter the particle pore size distribution to optimize the carbon's mesoporosity. Alternative processes are disclosed for producing the carbon, as are its application in emission control for vehicles.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing fibrous or film type activated carbon including the steps of carbonizing a cellulosic material and activating the resulting carbon, each stop occurring at a temperature between 200.degree. C. and 1100.degree. C. in an oxidation-suppressing atmosphere, in which, prior to activation, the cellulosic material or carbon is impregnated with at least one boron-containing compound and at least one phosphorus-containing compound. This impregnation treatment greatly increases the activation rate, so reducing the activation time and therefore energy costs. Higher levels of production of fibrous activated carbons can thus be achieved.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing active carbon, characterized by activating meso-carbon microbeads derived from coal-type pitch and the active carbon prepared by the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing activated carbon with a large surface area and a low sulfur content. Coconut shell char, as a carbonaceous material, is mixed with granular potassium hydroxide hydrate with a water content of 2 to 25 weight %, as an activator, in a weight ratio of 1:2 through 1:6 and the mixture is heat-treated at a temperature necessary for activation.

Abstract: Process for applying a catalyst layer (4) composed of noble metals and/or noble-metal compounds to a ceramic carrier (1), in which process at least one ceramic intermediate layer (2) based on a glaze is applied, subjected to a heat treatment and cooled down. The catalyst layer (4) is in turn deposited as a chemical, electrochemical or physical deposit. Variants with .gamma.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 intermediate layer or with SiO.sub.2 intermediate layer or with Si intermediate layer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a phosphate adsorbent comprising an MgO-TiO.sub.2 complex as an active ingredient and a phosphate adsorbent having said complex deposited on active carbons. In the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the MgO/TiO.sub.2 molar ratio in the complex is in the range of 99.99/0.01 to 80/20, the specific surface area of the adsorbent as measured by BET method is in the range of 50 to 700 m.sup.2 /g. and the absorbent shows a crystal diffraction pattern of MgO in powder X-ray diffractometry. The phosphate adsorbent according to the present invention is useful as an antihyperphosphoremial agent, an adsorbent for hemoperfusion and a therapeutical agent for renal diseases.

Abstract: Described is a method for preparing a coarse-pored formed carbon from charcoal dust, charcoal tar and sodium hydroxide solution. These ingredients are mixed, kneaded, shaped and low-tempeature carbonized in as low-oxygen atmosphere as possible at temperatures of 300 to 900.degree. C. The product is further activated with water vapor and/or carbon dioxide at temperature of 700 to 1200.degree. C. In the initial mixture, sodium hydroxide is added in amounts of 5.0 to 15.0 % by weight relative to the amount of charcoal dust.

Abstract: High surface are carbon fibers are produced by heating carbon fibres in the presence of a quality of alkali metal hydroxide in excess of 50% by weight based on weight of carbon at temperatures of above 500.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for preparing activated carbon, which comprises adding alkali to lignin or its derivative, followed by heat treatment to obtain activated carbon.

Abstract: A process for the production of active carbon by treating a carbonaceous feed with a mixture of KOH and NaOH in a molar ration of NaOH:KOH of 80:20 to 20:80 and heating to at least 500.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: Machinable and structurally stable, low density microcellular carbon, and catalytically impregnated carbon, foams, and process for their preparation, are provided. Pulverized sodium chloride is classified to improve particle size uniformity, and the classified particles may be further mixed with a catalyst material. The particles are cold pressed into a compact having internal pores, and then sintered. The sintered compact is immersed and then submerged in a phenolic polymer solution to uniformly fill the pores of the compact with phenolic polymer. The compact is then heated to pyrolyze the phenolic polymer into carbon in the form of a foam. Then the sodium chloride of the compact is leached away with water, and the remaining product is freeze dried to provide the carbon, or catalytically impregnated carbon, foam.

Abstract: A high surface area, porous active carbon containing a substantially uniform dispersion of a metal or metal-containing material and a method for making the same are disclosed.

Abstract: Activated carbon is produced from lignite coke. It is characterized by the product of the molasses number times the iodine number divided by 1000 being 350 to 1000 and/or the product of the molasses number times the methylene blue number divided by 10 being 500 to 1200. It is produced by adding aqueous alkali or alkaline earth carbonate solution and/or aqueous alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide solution by means of lance during the steam activation of lignite coke in a rotating tube.

Abstract: Activated carbon is produced from lignite coke. It is characterized by the product of the molasses number times the iodine number divided by 1000 being 350 to 1000 and/or the product of the molasses number times the methylene blue number divided by 10 being 500 to 1200. It is produced by adding aqueous alkali or alkaline earth carbonate solution and/or aqueous alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide solution by means of lance during the steam activation of lignite coke in a rotating tube.

Abstract: The invention provides an improvement in the method for the enrichment of nitrogen in air by the method of selective adsorption of oxygen in air on a carbonaceous adsorbent material. The improvement comprises the use of an adsorbent material prepared in a specific manner in which a pulverized coal char is blended with a limited amount of a sulfite pulp waste liquor and the blend is shaped into granules or pellets followed by carbonization at 300.degree. to 450.degree. C. for 1 to 2 hours. An enriched nitrogen gas containing 1% by volume or less of oxygen can readily be obtained by passing air through a column filled with the adsorbent material.

Abstract: A high surface area, porous active carbon matrix containing a substantially uniform dispersion of a metal or metal-containing material and a method for making the same are disclosed.