Abstract: There are provided a catalyst, a method for making this catalyst, and a process for using this catalyst in the alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin to provide an alkylate. The catalyst may be made from an as-synthesized material which, upon calcination, is capable of generating zeolites designated MCM-22. The as-synthesized material is then combined with a binder material, such as alumina, by an extrusion process. The uncalcined bound material may then be ammonium exchanged, followed by a calcination treatment. The as-synthesized material may also be swollen with a suitable swelling agent, such as a cetyltrimethylammonium compound, prior to the binding process.

Abstract: A process for preparing a metallosilicate catalyst includes the steps of: forming a mixture of at least one non-alkali metal, a templating agent, and an organic base; adding a silicon additive to the mixture so as to form a metallosilicate hydrogel; aging the hydrogel to obtain a crystalline metallosilicate composition; washing and drying the crystalline composition; and calcining the crystalline composition so as to provide a metallosilicate catalyst. Two or more non-alkali metals may be selected so as to provide a multifunctional catalyst.

Abstract: Silica-based substrate surface-modified by grafting covalent links of organic polysubstituted guanidinium groups, and preferably polyakylguanidinium groups. These substrates can be obtained by reacting silica with a polyalkylguanidinium anion, the silanol residual groups of silica being optionally treated with hexamethyldisilazane to stabilize the substrates. These substrates can be used as chlorination and esterification catalysts.

Abstract: Supported olefin polymerization catalyst systems can be produced using waste chromium compounds. Olefin polymers can be prepared using a catalyst system composition comprising a waste chromium compound and an alkyl aluminum compound, both supported on an inorganic oxide support, wherein at least a portion of the waste chromium compound is in a hexavalent state.

Abstract: There is provided a method for synthesizing a new synthetic composition of ultra-large pore crystalline material which can be used as a sorbent or catalyst component for conversion of organic and inorganic compounds. The crystalline material product of this method exhibits unusually large sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C. This material may have a hexagonal electron diffraction pattern that can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and a hexagonal arrangement of uniformly sized pores with a maximum perpendicular cross section of at least about 13 Angstrom units. The reaction mixture for preparing this material is prepared by forming a solution containing a source of an oxide, followed by adding a gelling reagent to this solution to form a gel.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions and catalytic processes are provided. The catalytic compositions are produced by the process that comprises contacting an organonickel compound with a cyclicazacarbyl compound. Optionally, one or more catalytic promoters can be present in the catalytic compositions. Additionally, one or more olefins can be contacted with one or more of these catalytic compositions to form oligomerization products and/or polymerization products.

Abstract: A process for significantly improving the physical and catalytic properties of fluid cracking catalysts (FCC) is disclosed. The invention is a process for manufacturing a fluid cracking catalyst. The process includes adding an effective amount of an acid stable surfactant or an alkaline stable surfactant to a slurry of clay particles and sodium silicate particles. The process then includes forming a sol binder and spray drying the particles. Forming of the dried particles into a catalyst product then occurs.

Abstract: A food-preserving agent comprising an oxygen absorbent and a compound represented by the following structural formula (I): ##STR1## , wherein n is an integer of 2 to 4 and X is H or CH.sub.3, can remove generated acetaldehyde effective, thereby preserving food without any fear of disagreeable odor for a long duration.

Abstract: A composition of matter is provided comprising a catalytic mixture resulting from contacting at least one of each of the following compounds, an pyridine compound, a clay compound, and an organo-nickel compound. Additionally, a process is provided comprising contacting, under polymerization conditions, at least one alpha-olefin, with a catalytic mixture resulting from contacting at least one of each of the following compounds, an pyridine compound, a clay compound, and an organo-nickel compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition in dry form, preferably in the form of a tablet, containing a combination of ingredients which upon addition to contaminated water effectively removes turbidity, metal and organic contaminants in the water and thereby makes the water safer for drinking. The composition is particularly useful for personal use so that safe drinking water can be obtained by the simple addition of the composition to the water to remove the turbidity and contaminating materials contained therein. Preferably the composition contains bentonite clay, attapulgite clay, polymeric coagulant and/or flocculent, biocide, zeolite and activated charcoal. The invention also provides a method for treating water with the composition as well as a method for making the composition.

Abstract: A process for impregnating zeolite with a substance such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), and a product of such process. The process preferably includes the steps of dehydrating zeolite crystals, then immersing the dehydrated zeolite crystals in (or spraying the dehydrated crystals with) aqueous KOH and thoroughly mixing the resulting slurry, and finally air drying the mixed slurry to produce KOH--impregnated zeolite crystals. The zeolite crystals (after they are dried) are uniformly impregnated with a concentration of KOH in the range from about 5% to about 15% of the total product weight. In other embodiments, the inventive method includes the step of impregnating zeolite crystals with metal sulfates or soluble salts (such as Fe2S04, FeCl3, CuSO4, CuCl2, ZnSO4, ZnCl2, CoSO4, CoCl, MnSO4, MnCl, sodium selenate, or MgSO4), or other substances such as amino acids (e.g., methionine or lysine), urea, free amines, or vitamins (such as A, D, E, K, Biotin, Choline, Niacin, Riboflavin, and Pantothenic acid).

Abstract: Stable aqueous suspensions of zeolite 4A which can be easily pumped, containing from 0.5 to 65% of zeolite and from 0.05 to 6 g (per 100 g of zeolite) of a suspending agent, composed of mixtures of ethoxylated alkanols, said mixtures being obtained by ethoxylating: a) biodegradable branched alkanols, having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and having a single branching in position 2, said mixtures containing at least 2 alkanols having a different number of C atoms; or b) mixtures containing 40-100% of branched alkanols as in a) and 60-0% of linear alkanols having from 10 to 18 C atoms.

Abstract: A catalyst for polymerizing an olefin which consists essentially of a product obtained by contacting (A) a metallocene-type transition metal compound, (B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of clay, clay minerals, ion exchanging layered compounds, diatomaceous earth, silicates and zeolites, and (C) an organic aluminum compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a treated pillared clay made by the process comprising the steps of:(A) contacting at least one clay with an effective amount of at least one ammonium ion source to exchange sodium and/or calcium ions in said clay for ammonium ions to provide an ammonium-containing clay, said clay comprising metal oxides and hydroxides and having a lamellar structure with lamellar layers and interlamellar spaces disposed between the lamellar layers and exchangeable sodium and/or calcium ions occupying said interlamellar spaces;(B) contacting said ammonium-containing clay with an effective amount of at least one source of fluorine to replace at least part of the hydroxyl groups in said clay with fluorine to provide a fluorine- and ammonium-containing clay;(C) contacting said fluorine- and ammonium-containing clay with an effective amount of at least one pillaring agent to form a fluorine-containing pillared clay; and(D) contacting said fluorine-containing pillared clay with an effective amount of at l

Abstract: A method for incorporating diverse Varieties of intercalants or templates directly during hydrothermal synthesis of clays such as hectorite or montmorillonite-type layer-silicate clays. For a hectorite layer-silicate clay, refluxing a gel of silica sol, magnesium hydroxide sol and lithium fluoride for two days in the presence of an organic or organometallic intercalant or template results in crystalline products containing either (a) organic dye molecules such as ethyl violet and methyl green, (b) dye molecules such as alcian blue that are based on a Cu(II)-phthalocyannine complex, or (c) transition metal complexes such as Ru(II)phenanthroline and Co(III)sepulchrate or (d) water-soluble porphyrins and metalloporphyrins. Montmorillonite-type clays are made by the method taught by U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,454 issued to Hickson, Jun. 13, 1975; however, a variety of intercalants or templates may be introduced.

Abstract: A heater is composed of (a) a honeycomb structure having a large number of passages, (b) an adsorbent composed mainly of zeolite or an adsorbent-catalyst composition comprising adsorbent and a catalyst component supported on the adsorbent, the adsorbent or adsorbent-catalyst composition being coated on the honeycomb structure and (c) at least two electrodes fixed to the honeycomb structure for electrification of the honeycomb structure, wherein a gas is flowed through the passages in the honeycomb structure and is heated. A catalytic converter has at least one main monolith catalyst and the above heater provided upstream or downstream of the main monolith catalyst or between two main monolith catalysts.

Abstract: A novel method to prepare a solid acid catalyst through the reaction of a metal-alkyl halide species and the surface hydroxyl group of a solid support is disclosed. Lewis acidic metals, e.g., B, Al and Ga, etc., can then be anchored on the surface via the formation of an oxygen-metal bond. The solids containing these metals can be used as catalysts that will catalyze organic compound coversion reactions, e.g., Friedel-Crafts type reactions, olefin oligomerization, aromatic alkylation and acylation, alkane alkylation and isomerization reactions.

Abstract: Molecular sieves, particularly zeolites, are prepared using templates derived from a 4-azonia-tricyclo[5.2.n.0.sup.2,6 ]alkene family of compounds. The templates may be prepared in a series of reaction steps which include a Diels-Alder reaction between a diene and a dienophile.

Abstract: A catalyst system for the selective reduction of gaseous NO.sub.x in the presence of excess oxygen, having a copper-containing ZSM5 zeolite to which a NO.sub.x -containing gas is exposed, and means for introducing a metered volume of finely dispersed, water soluble, oxygen-containing organic compound (alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ether) into the NO.sub.x -containing gas prior to exposure to the Cu-ZSM5 zeolite.Also, a method of treating automotive exhaust gas emissions, having an excess of oxygen, by the steps of: (a) introducing a water soluble, oxygenated organic compound (steam/oxygenate mixture) into the exhaust gas emissions as a reductant and at a location closely adjacent the source of the exhaust gas generation (in an appropriate amount with respect to the NO.sub.x); (b) substantially immediately exposing the reductant/emission mixture to a transition metal-exchanged high silica ZSM5 zeolite (SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of between 10-50) catalyst at a space velocity in the range of 20-80 K hr.sup.

Abstract: Low ohm RuO.sub.2 -based resistors are positively adjusted to 0 HTCR, without increasing resistance, using modified zeolite components of FCC catalyst. The non-metallic 0.2-8.0 wt % additions do not adversely affect past rheology or the physical properties of the resistors.

Abstract: A process for impregnating zeolite with permanganate, such as potassium permanganate, and a product of such process. The process preferably includes the steps of dehydrating zeolite crystals to have about 5% moisture content, mixing the dehydrated zeolite crystals with solid permanganate (preferably potassium permanganate crystals), immersing the solid mixture in, or spraying the solid mixture with, water at about 190.degree. F. and mixing the resulting slurry, and then drying the mixed slurry to produce permanganate-impregnated zeolite crystals having about 15% moisture content. In other preferred embodiments, the inventive method includes the steps of impregnating zeolite with a quaternary ammonium cation (QAC) and then coating the impregnated zeolite with permanganate, or impregnating zeolite with permanganate and then coating the impregnated zeolite with a QAC.

Abstract: Disclosed is a granular inorganic ion exchanger which is obtained by firing at 400.degree. C. or higher a granular molded product of a mixture of a metal alkoxide such as Si(OMe).sub.4 or hydrolyzate thereof, a clay mineral such as sepiolite and an inorganic ion exchanger such as antimony pentoxide and which has mechanical strength and heat resistance without losing its inherent ion exchangeability.

Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-37 is prepared using a N,N-dimethyl-4-azoniatricyclo [5.2.2.0.sup.(2,6) ] undec-8-ene cation as a template wherein said zeolite is used in hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the double bond isomerization of alpha olefin-containing feeds, e.g., conversion of 1-butene-containing hydrocarbon streams to 2-butene-rich product streams, wherein oligomer by-products are minimized. The process uses a catalyst composition comprising a zeolite whose surface has been at least partially deactivated for acid catalyzed reactions by chemisorption of a surface-deactivating agent, e.g., collidine, which possesses an average cross section diameter greater than that of the zeolite pores.

Abstract: A process for the selective surface dealumination of organic-containing zeolites by contacting the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid. The treatment results in a reduction in surface acidity without a significant reduction in overall activity. The organic may be a directing agent used in the zeolite synthesis or introduced into the pores of the zeolite after thermal treatment.

Abstract: A composite adsorbent comprising an acid salt of an m- or p-aromatic amino acid and an acid. The adsorbent may further contain a transition metal compound. The former removes aldehydes, ammonias and amines simultaneously, and the latter further removes hydrogen sulfide.The composite adsorbent is used in the form of a powder, a solution, or a solid supported on a carrier.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing molecular sieves is disclosed. The method comprises preparing an aqueous mixture comprising:a) a source zeolite, wherein said source zeolite contains sodalite substructures and has a tetrahedra atom density of less than about 15 TO.sub.2 per 1000 .ANG..sup.3, and wherein said source zeolite has a silica/alumina mole ratio greater than 200; an alkali metal oxide; and an organic template, and wherein said aqueous mixture has a composition in terms of mole ratios of oxides falling within the following ranges:______________________________________ M+/SiO.sub.2 = 0.01-1.00 OH-/SiO.sub.2 = 0.15-0.80 H.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 = 20-120 Q/SiO.sub.2 = 0.10-1.00 SiO.sub.2 /Y.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new form of crystalline material identified as mordenite-type, to a new and useful method for synthesizing said crystalline material and to use of said crystalline material prepared in accordance herewith as a catalyst for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new form of crystalline material identified as mordenite-type, to a new and useful method for synthesizing said crystalline material and to use of said crystalline material prepared in accordance herewith as a catalyst for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.

Abstract: An ion exchange medium is prepared by pelletizing natural zeolite fines with a lignosuofonate binder, heating the pellets to decompose the lignosulfonate and form a water insoluble carbon matrix binding the fine zeolite particles within the pellet.

Abstract: An interlayer cross-linked smectite is produced by a method which includes the steps of preparing a smectite suspension containing a dissolved water-soluble macromolecular compound, adding a cationic hydroxide oligomer to the suspension thereby subjecting the exchangeable cation in the smectite to ion exchange, allowing the resultant smectite suspension to stand at a fixed temperature for a fixed time thereby allowing the cationic hydroxide oligomer of the smectite to age, separating a solid smectite from the resultant suspension, and heating the separated solid smectite. The interlayer interval of the produced smectite can be controlled by adjusting the amount of the cationic hydroxide oligomer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new form of crystalline material identified as zeolite ZSM-5-type, to a new and useful method for synthesizing said crystalline material and to use of said crystalline material prepared in accordance herewith as a catalyst for organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to adsorbents for lower aldehydes which comprises a saturated cyclic secondary amine and a porous carrier therefor.The adsorbent according can eliminate lower aldehydes efficiently at ordinary temperature over a long period and, furthermore, is inexpensive. And the adsorbents, wherein a halogenide of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is further supported on the porous carrier, have an excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: Synthetic zeolite is stabilized to water by soaking it in a buffered acid solution for a prolonged time. The stabilized synthetic zeolite does not exhibit alkalinity when it is dispersed in water at room temperature for 24 hours or more, and exhibits improved flowability and almost constant ratios among Na, Al and O along the depth direction from the surface of the zeolite particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to sulfonic acid derivatives of crystalline porous materials having uniform pore size with an average pore size greater than 5 Angstroms or a Constraint Index of ten or less. In a preferred embodiment an acid treated crystalline porous material is reacted with a reagent to form the sulfonic acid derivative. The new products can be used as acid catalysts for acid catalyzed reactions. An example is the use of these materials in acid catalyzed etherification of methanol with isobutene.

Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-28 is prepared using an N,N-dimethyl-tropinium or N,N-dimethyl-3-azonium bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane cation as a template. Also disclosed is a process for converting hydrocarbons with crystalline zeolite SSZ-28.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for pillaring layered materials which do not swell appreciably in water. The process comprises first intercalating an amine or other neutral molecule such as an amide or dimethyl sulfoxide between the layers of the material to be pillared. This allows the subsequent incorporation of inorganic pillars which are more temperature stable than the intercalated amine. Also, disclosed are different pillared products produced by the process. The starting materials do not appreciably swell in water and the pillared composition final product is produced by swelling with an inorganic intercalate and then displacing the inorganic intercalate with an inorganic pillaring substance.

Abstract: A composition of matter is provided comprising a catalytic mixture resulting from contacting at least one of each of the following compounds, an pyridine compound, a clay compound, and an organo-nickel compound. Additionally, a process is provided comprising contacting, under polymerization conditions, at least one alpha-olefin, wih a catalytic mixture resulting from contacting at least one of each of the following compounds, an pyridine compound, a clay compound, and an organo-nickel compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preparing crystalline silicates such as zeolites from a forming mixture containing quaternary ammonium-functionalized organosiliconate as a directing agent. The products prepared depend, inter alia, on reaction conditions such as temperature, crystallization time, and pH. More particularly, this invention relates to the use of a quaternary ammonium-functionalized organosiliconate in the preparation of ZSM-5, ZSM-48, ZSM-51 and the ZSM-48 composition thus prepared.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel beidellite layered clay, a process for preparing the clay and a process using the clay. The clay is characterized in that it is substantially free of sodium cations, is composed of crystals whose average crystallites size is about 50-150 Angstroms, has a surface area of at least 80 m.sup.2 /g and has its 060 X-ray diffraction peak at a d-spacing of 1.50 Angstroms. The clay is prepared from a reaction mixture containing reactive sources of aluminum and silicon, a templating agent and water. Examples of templating agents are quaternary ammonium compounds such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Reactive source of aluminum and silicon include boehmite alumina and colloidal silica. The mixture is reacted at a pH of about 8.5 to about 14, a temperature of about 150.degree. to about 210.degree. C. for a time of about 1 to about 20 days. The clay composition may be used as is or after pillaring to catalyze hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel dioctahedral smectite layered clay, a process for preparing the clay and a process using the clay. The clay is characterized in that the aluminum can be substituted by gallium and the silicon can be substituted by germanium. Therefore, some of the possible clays that can be prepared are gallium/silicon, gallium/germanium, or aluminum/germanium smectite clays. The clay is prepared from a reaction mixture containing reactive sources of the metals, i.e., aluminum, silicon, gallium and germanium, a templating agent and water. This reaction mixture is reacted at a pH of about 8.5 to about 14, a temperature of about 150.degree. to about 210.degree. C. for a time of about 1 to about 20 days to give a desired composition. The clay compositions of the instant invention can be used to catalyze various hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation and hydrocracking.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a shapable dough which comprises mixing and kneading a silica source, a dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolite source, water and a trialkanolamine containing at least two carbon atoms per alkanolamine moiety, to a shapable dough thus obtained, and to the preparation of extrudates containing dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolites by extruding a shapable dough comprising a silica source, a dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolite source, water and a trialkanolamine and having a total solids content between about 25% by weight and about 75% by weight and a trialkanolamine content between about 0.5% by weight and about 40% by weight, basis on the total solid content of the mixture.

Abstract: A method is disclosed wherein t-butanol is reacted with methanol in a reaction zone in one step to provide methyl tert-butyl ether and the improvement of accomplishing the reaction which comprises:a. Using a catalyst consisting of a crystalline aluminosilicate faujasite Y-type zeolite which has been treated with a fluorosulfonic acid;b. continuously contacting said t-butanol and methanol in a molar amount of about 0.1 to 10 moles of methanol per mole of t-butanol with said catalyst at a temperature of about 20.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. and a pressure of about atmospheric to about 1000 psig to obtain the methyl tert-butyl ether product.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a molecular sieve having a lattice aluminum content in which the silica/alumina framework mole ratio is less than 55, and having a diffusion rate constant of less than about 150 sec.sup.-1 .times.10.sup.-6 is particularly useful for vapor-phase disproportionation of toluene.

Abstract: A process is provided for catalytic reforming or dehydrocyclization of hydrocarbons using a catalyst comprising a noble metal, and an intermediate pore size crystalline silicate having a high silica to alumina ratio and a relatively low alkali content. Preferably, the crystalline silicate is in the form of small crystallite size, such as less than 5 microns. The reforming or dehydrocyclization process is sulfur tolerant so that the reforming can be carried out in the presence of sulfur or with periodic exposure to sulfur.

Abstract: Molecular sieve agglomerates exhibiting reduced pore mouth blockage and decreased diffusivity resistance to the internal sieve pores result from coating, prior to addition of a binding agent to the sieve, the molecular sieve particles with an organic polymer, fixing the polymer to the sieve surface so that it exhibits no migratory tendencies and subsequently removing the coating by combustion during calcination of the formed agglomerate. Such agglomerates showed enhanced activity and selectivity in typical refining processes such as dewaxing and fluid catalytic cracking.

Abstract: A process is provided for the synthesis of a solid Ziegler catalyst or of a transition metal solid constituent thereof, which entails preparing the solid catalyst or constituent thereof as a suspension in an inert liquid medium by contacting precursors or ingredients of the catalyst or of the constituent in the inert liquid medium in one or more steps, and drying the suspension, and collecting the catalyst or constituent thereof; and wherein the process is conducted in a single multi-function reactor having a longitudinal axis and which can pivot around an axis which intersects perpendicularly with this axis.

Abstract: A catalytic cracking composition comprising a physical blend of a cracking catalyst component with alcohol treated Sr(OH).sub.2 and alcohol is used to crack hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks that further contain quantities of vanadium.

Abstract: A process for applying a highly crystalline form of silica, for example Silicalite, to a supporting structure, with a small thermal mass, such as a screen or a metal surface is described. A slurry of finely-divided high silica zeolite and a silicone or polytetrafluoroethylene binder is coated onto the support structure. Optionally, a noble catalyst is applied to the high silica zeolite either before or after the high silica zeolite is coated onto the support structure. The support structures coated according to this process can be used to catalyze flameless combustion of hydrogen or hydrocarbon gases with suitable amounts of air or oxygen if a noble metal catalyst is applied, or as an adsorbent structure in the absence of the metal catalyst.

Abstract: A molecular sieve material is combined with a porous carrier material. The pores of the molecular sieve material are impermeable to molecules or organisms having a size equal to or greater than that of the water molecule either because the molecular sieve material is selected so as to have pores which are smaller than such molecule or because the pores of the molecular sieve material are closed by a film. The pores of the molecular sieve material thus remain unoccupied and are able to exert an attractive force on molecules or organisms which are to be captured. The pores of the carrier material are designed to accept molecules or organisms having a size equal to or greater than that of the water molecule so that, when such molecules or organisms are attracted by the molecular sieve material, they can be trapped in the carrier material.