Abstract: A compensating pad for applying to an ophthalmic lens blank to be blocked, or for interposing between an ophthalmic lens blank and a block piece. The compensating pad comprises a main body that is designed to be elastic having a maximum thickness corresponding to a maximum layer thickness difference of the ophthalmic lens blank, in order to locally compensate for the layer thickness difference of the blocked ophthalmic lens blank.

Abstract: A method of repairing a defectively manufactured multi-layer component having a substrate material and a primer layer includes applying, to the primer layer, a solvent that causes the primer layer to swell to form a swelled primer layer. The method also includes abrading away the swelled primer layer from the multi-layer component and rebuilding the multi-layer component by forming a new primer layer on the substrate material.

Abstract: There are provided a surface-modified nanodiamond exhibiting easy dispersibility in an organic solvent, an organic solvent dispersion thereof, and a method for producing the surface-modified nanodiamond. The surface-modified nanodiamond according to the present invention includes a nanodiamond, and a group bound to a particulate surface of the nanodiamond and represented by formula (1): —NHCOR ??(1) R is an organic group having a carbon atom at a binding site with a neighboring carbonyl carbon atom indicated in the formula; and the left end, in the formula, of the group serves to form bonding to the nanodiamond. The nanodiamond is preferably a detonation nanodiamond or a high-temperature high-pressure nanodiamond.

Abstract: Methods for forming a ceramic matrix composite from a melt infiltrated and melt extracted preform that has residual silicon within open pore channels therein are provided. The method may include: introducing a carbon yielding resin into the open pore channels; heating the preform to produce elemental carbon from the carbon yielding resin within the open pore channels; and further heating the elemental carbon to react with the residual silicon to form SiC within the open pore channels to form the ceramic matrix composite.

Abstract: A method of planarizing a wafer includes pressing the wafer against a planarization pad. The method further includes moving the planarization pad relative to the wafer. The method further includes conditioning the planarization pad using a pad conditioner. Conditioning the planarization pad includes moving the planarization pad relative to the pad conditioner. The pad conditioner includes abrasive particles having aligned tips a substantially constant distance from a surface of substrate of the pad conditioner.

Abstract: A composite member in which WC-based cemented carbide members are bonded to each other via a bonding layer formed by solid phase diffusion bonding of a bonding member made of a Ti foil. The bonding layer is constituted by first layers adjacent to the WC-based cemented carbide members and made of a TiC phase and a metal W phase in which an average area ratio of the TiC phase is 40 to 60%. The bonding layer also includes second layers adjacent to the first layers and made of a TiCo phase and a metal Ti phase in which an average area ratio of the TiCo phase is 50 to 95%, and a residual Ti layer.

Abstract: A bonded diamond body having a high bonded strength is provided. The bonded diamond body includes a sintered polycrystalline diamond body, a hard substrate, and a hard layer provided between the sintered polycrystalline diamond body and the hard substrate, the sintered polycrystalline diamond body containing a diamond grain and a sintering aid, the hard substrate containing tungsten carbide and cobalt, and the hard layer containing cobalt and a hard grain made of a carbide, a nitride, or a carbonitride having a Vickers hardness of 1100 Hv or more.

Abstract: An embodiment of a gas turbine engine component includes an abrasive coating disposed on at least a portion of a sealing region. The abrasive coating includes an inner abrasive region disposed outward of the sealing region in a coating thickness direction, and an outer abrasive region disposed outward of the inner abrasive region in the coating thickness direction. The inner abrasive region includes abrasive particles retained in an inner matrix, and the outer abrasive region includes abrasive particles retained in an outer matrix. At least one of the inner matrix and the outer matrix is modified with a first indicator material. At least one aspect of the first indicator material corresponds to a thickness range of the abrasive coating being within the inner thickness region or the outer thickness region.

Abstract: A grinding machine includes a slight gyration module for driving a homogeneous container to undergo an X-axial motion and a Y-axial motion within ±1-3 mm distance, a homogeneous-stick rotation module for rotating a homogeneous stick in the homogeneous container so as to generate an eccentric motion between the homogeneous stick and the homogeneous container, and a homogeneous-stick vertical movement module for vertically moving the homogeneous stick with respect to the homogeneous container. When the homogeneous stick is lowered into the homogeneous container by the homogeneous-stick vertical movement module, an eccentric motion with a 1-3 mm radius of gyration can be activated between the homogeneous container and the homogeneous stick so as to carry out the grinding in a tiny slim space between the homogeneous container and the homogeneous stick; such that the grinding efficiency of the grinding machine can be substantially enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, process, solar cell design, and fabrication technology fir high-efficiency, low-cost, crystalline silicon (Si) solar cells including but not restricted to solar grade single crystal Si (c-Si), multi-crystalline Si (mc-Si), poly-Si, and micro-Si solar cells and solar modules. The RTWCG solar cell fabrication technology creates a RTWCG SiOx thin film antireflection coating (ARC) with a graded index of refraction and a selective emitter (SE). The resulting top surface of the SiOx oxide can be textured (TO) concomitant with the growth process or through an additional mild wet chemical step.

Abstract: Matrix-filled liquid radiation curable resin compositions for additive fabrication are described and claimed. Such resins include a cationically polymerizable component that is an aliphatic epoxide, a multifunctional (meth)acrylate component, a cationic photoinitiator, a free-radical photoinitiator, and a matrix of inorganic fillers, wherein the matrix further constitutes prescribed ratios of at least one microparticle constituent and at least one nanoparticle constituent. Also described and claimed is a process for using the matrix-filled liquid radiation curable resins for additive fabrication to create three dimensional parts, and the three-dimensional parts made from the liquid radiation curable resins for additive fabrication.

Abstract: This invention relates to a conditioner for a chemical mechanical planarization pad, which is necessary for global planarization of a wafer in order to increase the degree of integration of a semiconductor device, and more particularly to a pad conditioner having a structure able to reduce friction with a pad so as to solve the problems caused by a lot of friction being generated upon conditioning, and to a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) pad conditioning assembly that includes one or more support structures positioned between one or more abrasive regions of the pad conditioning assembly is disclosed. The support structures and abrasive regions can be separated by one or more channels. A top surface of the one or more support structures is not co-planar with the top surface of the abrasive regions of the pad conditioning assembly, and the height of the top surface of the one or more support structures when measured to the pad facing surface of the pad conditioning assembly backing plate is less than the height of the top surfaces of the abrasive regions when measured to the pad facing surface of the pad conditioning assembly.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a blade (1) for a turbomachine, the blade having a hardfacing on its tip (4) and an erosion-protection coating (13) at least on its airfoil (3) is provided. Initially, a blade tip hardfacing is applied to the blade tip and, subsequently, a mask (10) is positioned in the region of the blade tip hardfacing, the mask covering the blade tip hardfacing, and, subsequently, the erosion-protection coating is deposited. The mask is removed after the erosion-protection coating is completed. A blade for a turbomachine, the blade having a hardfacing on its tip (4) and an erosion-protection coating (13) at least on its airfoil (3) is also provided. The erosion-protection coating at least partially covers the blade tip hardfacing, and the thickness of the erosion-protection coating decreases continuously in and/or toward the region of the blade tip hardfacing.

Abstract: A tool for chip-removing machining including a tool body and at least one cutting insert mounted in an insert seat of the tool body. The cutting insert includes an upper side and a lower side directed toward a bottom contact surface of the insert seat. The cutting insert is formed by sintering together two compacted powder parts, one of the parts forming an upper part and the other forming a lower part. An imaginary plane is defined between the lower and upper parts. A side surface extends between the upper and lower sides around the periphery of the cutting insert, and at least one cutting edge is formed in a transition between the upper side and the side surface. The tool is configured so that the tool body contacts the side surface of the cutting insert only above the imaginary plane along an upper part of the side surface.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to advanced polishing pads with tunable chemical, material and structural properties, and manufacturing methods related thereto. According to one or more embodiments herein, a polishing pad with improved properties may be produced by an additive manufacturing process, such as a three-dimensional (3D) printing process. Embodiments herein thus may provide an advanced polishing pad having discrete features and geometries, formed from at least two different materials that include functional polymers, functional oligomers, reactive diluents, addition polymer precursor compounds, catalysts, and curing agents. For example, the advanced polishing pad may be formed from a plurality of polymeric layers, by the automated sequential deposition of at least one polymer precursor composition followed by at least one curing step, wherein each layer may represent at least one polymer composition, and/or regions of different compositions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate generally to overmolded protective leaching masks, and methods of manufacturing and using the same for leaching superabrasive elements such as polycrystalline diamond elements. In an embodiment, a protective leaching mask assembly includes a superabrasive element including a central axis and a superabrasive table, and a protective mask overmolded onto at least a portion of the superabrasive element. The protective mask includes a base portion and at least one sidewall extending from the base portion and defining an opening generally opposite the base portion. The at least one sidewall includes an inner surface configured to abut with a selected portion of the superabrasive element being chemically resistant to a leaching agent and an outer surface sloping at an oblique angle relative to the central axis.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing bonded abrasive articles, for example vitrified bonded grinding wheels. A bondable abrasive composition is prepared including abrasive particles, a binder medium and a gamma-pyrone pore inducing material, such as ethyl maltol. A precursor abrasive structure is formed from the composition. The gamma-pyrone pore inducing material is removed from the precursor abrasive structure to provide a porous precursor abrasive structure that is further processed to provide a bonded abrasive article. In some embodiments, the binder medium includes a vitreous bonding material, and the bonded abrasive article is a porous vitrified bonded grinding wheel.

Abstract: Methods of making cutting elements for earth-boring tools may involve placing a powdered mixture into a mold. The powdered mixture may include a plurality of core particles comprising a diamond material and having an average diameter of between 1 ?m and 500 ?m, a coating material adhered to and covering at least a portion of an outer surface of each core particle of the plurality of core particles, the coating material comprising an amine terminated group, and a plurality of nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, nanographite, nanographene, non-diamond carbon allotropes, surface modified nanodiamond, nanoscale particles of BeO, and nanoscale particles comprising a Group VIIIA element adhered to the coating material. The powdered mixture may be sintered to form a polycrystalline diamond table. The polycrystalline diamond table may be attached to a substrate.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for manufacturing a blade tip coating. The blade tip coating (152) comprising an abrasive (156) and a matrix (154). The method comprises forming a mixture comprising the abrasive, a precursor of the matrix, and an additional particulate (158). The mixture is pressed, the additional particulate acting as a stop to limit thickness reduction of the mixture.

Abstract: A superabrasive wheel having a superabrasive grain layer having superabrasive grains fixed by a binder, a ratio of an area occupied by the superabrasive grains in the superabrasive grain layer being 20% to 70%.

Abstract: An abrasive article comprising a first group including a plurality of shaped abrasive particles overlying a backing, wherein the plurality of shaped abrasive particles of the first group define a first non-shadowing distribution relative to each other.

Abstract: A protective leaching cup includes a rear wall, an opening defined in a portion of the protective leaching cup opposite the rear wall, and a side wall extending between the opening and the rear wall, the side wall and the rear wall defining a cavity within the protective leaching cup. The side wall has a seal region adjacent the opening of the protective leaching cup, the seal region having a first inner diameter, and an encapsulating region extending between the seal region and the rear wall, the encapsulating region having a second inner diameter that is greater than the first inner diameter.

Abstract: Provided are abrasive articles in which the make layer, abrasive particle layer, and size layer are coated onto a backing according to a pre-determined coating pattern. All three components are generally in registration with each other, thereby providing a pervasive uncoated area extending across the backing. Advantageously, this configuration provides a coated abrasive that displays superior curl-resistance compared with previously disclosed abrasive articles. Moreover, this configuration resists loading, resists de-lamination, has enhanced flexibility, and decreases the quantity of raw materials required to achieve the same level of performance as conventional abrasive articles.

Abstract: Provided is an abrasive material having a grinding force more appropriate to the purpose of surface finishing. The abrasive material is intended to be used for surface finishing by spraying onto a workpiece, and comprises a plurality of abrasive material particles each comprising a core, a binder, and an abrasive grain layer formed on a surface of the core via the binder, wherein the binder is a mixture of a non-curable adhesive used as a main ingredient to provide tackiness and another agent used to adjust hardness according to a desired surface roughness of the workpiece. The hardness of the binder is adjusted to be higher or lower than that of the non-curable adhesive itself as a main ingredient. The binder may have the property of a cured material or the property of a fluid.

Abstract: A fixed abrasive article having a body including abrasive particles contained within a bond material, the abrasive particles including shaped abrasive particles or elongated abrasive particles having an aspect ratio of length:width of at least 1.1:1, each of the shaped abrasive particles or elongated abrasive particles having a predetermined position or a predetermined three-axis orientation.

Abstract: An abrasive tool can include a bonded abrasive including a body and a barrier layer bonded to a major surface of the body. The body can include abrasive particles contained within a bond material. The barrier material can include a metal-containing film. In an embodiment, the barrier layer may further include a polymer-containing film. In another embodiment, the barrier layer may include a biaxially oriented material. The abrasive tool may be formed such that the barrier layer is formed in-situ with the formation of the bonded abrasive.

Abstract: Methods of forming a polycrystalline table may involve disposing a plurality of particles comprising a superabrasive material, a substrate comprising a hard material, and a catalyst material in a mold. The plurality of particles may be partially sintered in the presence of the catalyst material to form a brown polycrystalline table having a first permeability attached to an end of the substrate. The substrate may be removed from the brown polycrystalline table and catalyst material may be removed from the brown polycrystalline table. The brown polycrystalline table may then be fully sintered to form a polycrystalline table having a reduced, second permeability. Intermediate structures formed during a process of attaching a polycrystalline table to a substrate may include a substantially fully leached brown polycrystalline table. The substantially fully leached brown polycrystalline table may include a plurality of interbonded grains of a superabrasive material.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method of fabricating a leached polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) body is disclosed. The PCD body includes bonded diamond grains defining interstitial regions at least a portion of which include at least one interstitial constituent disposed therein. The method includes leaching the PCD body with a leaching agent to remove at least a portion of the at least one interstitial constituent therefrom. The leaching agent includes a mixture having hydrofluoric acid in a first concentration of about 10 weight % to about 50 weight %, nitric acid in a second concentration of about 5 weight % to about 25 weight %, and water in a third concentration of about 25 weight % to about 85 weight %. Further embodiments relate to different leaching methods and different leaching agent compositions.

Abstract: Metallopolyimide precursor fibers for aging-resistant carbon molecular sieve hollow fiber membranes having enhanced selectivity include transition metal cations complexed with electronegative regions of a polyimide. CMS membranes are made by pyrolyzing the metallopolyimide precursor fibers. The cations are introduced by including, in the bore fluid used to extrude the fibers, either a salt of the transition metal and an inorganic anion or a transition metal/organic ligand complex.

Abstract: Polycrystalline diamond bodies having an annular region of diamond grains and a core region of diamond grains and methods of making the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a polycrystalline diamond body includes an annular region of inter-bonded diamond grains having a first characteristic property and a core region of inter-bonded diamond grains bonded to the annular region and having a second characteristic property that differs from the first characteristic property. The annular region decreases in thickness from a perimeter surface of the polycrystalline diamond body towards a centerline axis.

Abstract: The present disclosure involves a method of making a lapping plate by electrostatically coating a platen with solid resin powder and abrasive particles followed by curing the solid resin powder to form an abrasive coating. The present disclosure also involves related lapping plates.

Abstract: A cBN sintered body has 40%-85% cBN by volume and 15% to 60% binder phase by volume. and inevitable impurities. The binder phase has an Al compound including Al and at least one element selected from N, O and B, and a Zr compound including Zr and at least one element selected from C, N, O and B. The Zr compound includes ZrO, or ZrO and ZrO2. In an X-ray diffraction, where a peak intensity of a (111) plane of the ZrO is I1, a peak intensity of a (101) plane of tetragonal ZrO2 is I2t and a peak intensity of a (111) plane of cubic ZrO2 is I2c, a ratio of the intensity of I1 to total intensities of I1, I2t and I2c is 0.6-1.0, and an average grain size of the Al compound is 80 nm-300 nm.

Abstract: A method of making a cutter structure (1) comprises placing a pre-formed body (4) of hard material having a surface topography in a canister, placing an aggregated mass of grains of superhard material (2) over said surface topography, placing a punch (10) in contact with the superhard material (2), the punch (10) having a surface with a surface topography inverse to that of the hard material body to imprint a pattern in the superhard material (2) complementary to the surface topography of the punch (10). The surface of the punch (10) contacting the superhard material (2) being formed of a ceramic material that does not react chemically with the superhard material (12) and/or a sinter catalyst for the superhard material (2).

Abstract: A method of making a body of polycrystalline superhard material comprising placing an aggregated mass of grains of superhard material into a canister, placing a ceramic layer either in direct contact with the aggregated mass of grains of superhard material or in indirect contact therewith, the ceramic layer being spaced from the grains by an interlayer of material when present, the ceramic layer having a surface with surface topology, the surface topology imprinting a pattern in the aggregated mass of grains of superhard material complementary to the surface topology, the ceramic material and the material of the interlayer being such that they do not react chemically with the superhard material and/or a sinter catalyst material for the grains of superhard material. The aggregated mass of grains of superhard material and ceramic layer are subjected to a pressure of greater than 5.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing an aluminum oxide polishing solution. The methods include: 1) mixing a silane coupling agent, ethyl alcohol, and water to form a hydrolysate; 2) under a condition of heating and stirring at a temperature between 95° C. and 110° C., adding the hydrolysate into aluminum oxide powder; keeping stirring while heating till liquid is completely volatilized, thereby obtaining a modified aluminum oxide; 3) grinding the modified aluminum oxide into powder and dispersing the powder into water; adjusting solution pH to 9.5-10.5, thereby obtaining the aluminum oxide polishing solution. It may achieve a polishing efficiency of pH=13.00 by using the aluminum oxide polishing solution of the present disclosure; meanwhile, less scratches will occur to a polishing disc.

Abstract: Interrupted structured abrasive articles comprise an abrasive layer comprising shaped abrasive composites that extend outwardly from a first major surface of a backing to which they are secured. The abrasive layer defines at least one open region that is free of the shaped abrasive composites and may extend partially or completely through the backing. In some embodiments, each of the open regions comprises a circular area of at least 1.5 square centimeters, and when combined the open regions have total area that is at least 10 percent of the area of the first major surface of the backing. Interrupted abrasive articles are useful in single-sided polishing processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal polishing liquid for polishing at least a part of metal in a substrate having the metal, comprising, component A: a metal solubilizer containing amino acids, component B: compounds having the benzotriazole skeleton, and component C: an acrylic acid polymer having the weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, and having the mass ratio between the component B and the component C, (component B:component C), to be 1:1 to 1:5. Use of the metal polishing liquid can simultaneously yield high polishing rates and low etching rates at higher level, enabling to form an embedded pattern with higher reliability.

Abstract: The present disclosure involves a method of making a lapping plate by coating a platen with solid resin powder, abrasive particles, and an aqueous carrier followed by evaporating the aqueous carrier and curing the solid resin powder to form an abrasive coating. The present disclosure also involves related lapping plates.

Abstract: A sintered body of the present invention is a sintered body including a first material and cubic boron nitride. The first material is partially-stabilized ZrO2 including 5 to 90 volume % of Al2O3 dispersed in crystal grain boundaries or crystal grains of partially-stabilized ZrO2.

Abstract: An abrasive article can include a body including a bond material and abrasive particles contained within the bond material. The abrasive particles can include nanocrystalline alumina. The bond material can include an inorganic material including a ceramic.

Abstract: A dressing apparatus for dressing a urethane foam pad, for use in polishing, by bringing diamond abrasive grains into sliding contact with the urethane foam pad, includes a support for holding the grains. The grains have multiple grit sizes, and include a high-grit diamond abrasive grain with a grit size of #170 or more and a low-grit diamond abrasive grain with a grit size of #140 or less. The grains are held by the support such that height positions of dressing surfaces of the grains are on the same plane. The dressing surfaces come into contact with the urethane foam pad. As a result, a dressing apparatus is capable of sufficiently roughening the surface of the urethane foam pad by one-time dressing without closing holes of the foaming part of the urethane foam pad, enabling short dressing time, long dressing interval, and inhibition of lowering of productivity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polishing pad including a polishing member having a polishing surface, wherein the polishing member contains a material having dilatancy characteristics.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a superabrasive element are disclosed. In one embodiment, a substrate and a preformed superabrasive volume may be at least partially surrounded by an enclosure and the enclosure may be sealed in an inert environment. Further, the enclosure may be exposed to an elevated pressure and preformed superabrasive volume may be affixed to the substrate. Polycrystalline diamond elements are disclosed. In one embodiment, a polycrystalline diamond element may comprise a preformed polycrystalline diamond volume bonded to a substrate by a braze material. Optionally, such a polycrystalline diamond element may exhibit a compressive stress. Rotary drill bit for drilling a subterranean formation and including at least one superabrasive element are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of removing material from one or more workpieces including moving a coated abrasive article having a plurality of shaped abrasive particles relative to a surface of the one or more workpieces at high material removal rates.

Abstract: A sintered compact according to the present invention includes: a first material that is cubic boron nitride; a second material that is an oxide of zirconium; and a third material that is an oxide of aluminum, the second material including cubic ZrO2 and ZrO, the third material including ?-Al2O3, and the sintered compact satisfying the following relation: 0.9?Izro2(111)/Ial(110)?30; and 0.3?Izro(111)/Ial(110)?3, where Ial(110), Izro2(111), and Izro(111) respectively represent X-ray diffraction intensities of a (110) plane of the ?-Al2O3, a (111) plane of the cubic ZrO2, and a (111) plane of the ZrO.

Abstract: Method for reinforcing a grinding wheel, preferably for grinding gears. By means of at least one plastic that is poured in, both a ring lining a bore of the grinding wheel and a reinforcing layer are formed in the grinding wheel pores. The plastic that is poured in preferably consists of a potting compound, used in the raw state, made of a 2-component polyurethane system. In order to produce the reinforcement, the grinding wheel is set rotating, i.e., rotated, and, at the same time, a specific quantity of potting compound is poured into the bore. An increase in the explosion speed during operation of the grinding wheel is thereby made possible.

Abstract: A method of processing a heterogeneous material includes entraining heterogeneous particles into a fluid stream. Each of the heterogeneous particles comprises a liquid portion and a solid portion. The fluid stream is passed through at least one adjustable nozzle, and is impacted to dissociate the liquid from the solid. A method of separating oil from solid particles includes mixing oil-coated solid particles with water to form a slurry, passing a first portion of the slurry through a first nozzle, and passing a second portion of the slurry through a second nozzle such that the second portion of the slurry intersects the first portion of the slurry to separate the oil from the particles.

Abstract: Cutting elements for earth-boring applications may include a substrate and a polycrystalline diamond material secured to the substrate. A first region of the polycrystalline diamond material may exhibit a first volume percentage of nanoparticles bonded to diamond grains within the first region. A second region of the polycrystalline diamond material adjacent to the first region may exhibit a second, different volume percentage of nanoparticles bonded to diamond grains within the second region. Methods of making cutting elements for earth-boring applications may involve positioning a first mixture of particles having a first volume percentage of nanoparticles and a second mixture of particles having a second, different volume percentage of nanoparticles within a container.

Abstract: A method of forming a shaped abrasive particle including extruding a mixture into a form, applying a dopant material to an exterior surface of the form, and forming a precursor shaped abrasive particle from the form.