Abstract: Abrasive articles comprising abrasive particles and at least one of (a) a reaction product of components comprising a resole phenolic resin and a bisphenol/fornaldehyde resin, (b) a bond system is derived by curing a mixture of a resole phenolic resin and a bisphenol/formaldehyde resin, and/or (c) a bond system comprising polymeric material preparable by combining components comprising a resole phenolic resin and a bisphenol/formaldehyde resin.

Abstract: A method for making a polymeric blast media, and a product of this method. The first step involves blending a melamine compound with a cellulosic material and compression molding said first blend to produce a compression molded first blend. This first blend is then cooled and then ground. In the next step of this method, a urea compound is blended with a nano-clay material to produce a second blend and compression molded. This compression molded second blend is then ground to produce a particulate second blend. The particulate first blend is then blended with the particulate second blend. A blast media product of this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A hybrid type resinoid grindstone including abrasive agglomerates which are held together by a thermosetting synthetic resin used as a bonding agent, wherein each of the abrasive agglomerates includes sol-gel abrasive grains which are held together by a vitrified bonding agent. In the present hybrid type resinoid grindstone of the present invention, each of the sol-gel abrasive grains, which are held together by the vitrified bonding agent, restores its sharpness as a result of each of the successive removals of fine crystals with application of an impact or shock to the sol-gel abrasive grain, as in a vitrified grindstone, during a grinding operation.

Abstract: A binder for abrasive products, coated abrasive articles and a method of making the same comprising a urea formaldehyde resin precursor cured in the presence of a sole catalyst which consists essentially of at least one salt of an acid with a diamine of the formula H2N—R—NH2 wherein R is an alkylene group of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric, citric, nitric, sulphuric, acetic, phosphoric and combinations thereof

Abstract: Spray drying methods for making agglomerate abrasive grains. The agglomerate abrasive grains are useful for making abrasive articles.

Abstract: An elastic foamed grinder material of polyurea series for grinding and/or buffing, which is obtainable by subjecting a composition including a main ingredient component including a polyisocyanate, and a composition comprising an aromatic diamine, a foaming agent, a foam-adjusting agent and a curing catalyst to foaming and curing in the presence of grinder granules, wherein the aromatic diamine is an aromatic diamine oligomer alone or in mixture with an aromatic diamine compound, and a method for producing the grinder material.

Abstract: The invention provides an abrasive product having a sheet-like backing including a plurality of concavoconvex portions, the backing also having a first major surface including convex portions and an opposite second major surface including concave portions opposite said convex portions. A coating of a binder is applied over the first major surface and the convex portions. A single layer of a plurality of substantially erectly oriented abrasive particles is bonded to the backing by the binder coating. The abrasive product is made by providing the backing as defined, coating the first major surface with an uncured composition which will cure to provide the binder, applying abrasive particles to the uncured composition coating with an electrostatic sprayer and curing the uncured composition to provide the binder coating.

Abstract: A coated abrasive having an abrasive surface comprising a plurality of individual abrasive structures wherein the structures comprise a cured binder resin in an amount that is from 58 to 75% by volume of the volume of binder plus solid particles dispersed within the binder.

Abstract: A method for preparing an abrasive article of the present invention comprises coating a conductive binder resin on one surface of a cylinder paper or greige cloth, coating abrasive particles on one side of a PET or nylon film, and combining the coated surface of the cylinder paper or greige cloth with the other side of the PET or nylon film.

Abstract: Ceramic forming polymers are used to form a tailorable bonding matrix for abrasive grit such as diamond, diamond-like carbon, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide and/or silicon carbide. The ceramic forming polymer is unique in that it can be heated to convert it to a ceramic material at a low enough temperature to prevent damage to the abrasive grits. The ceramic forming polymer may also contain controlled amounts of silicon, carbon, oxygen, and other elements to optimize the properties of the abrasive. A toughening media such as additional ceramic forming polymer, metal and/or polymer resin can be infused into a model of the abrasive tool to permit further tailoring of the abrasive tool to meet widely varying demands of machining both very hard materials as well as softer but more abrasive materials.

Abstract: Friction materials for clutch plates, brake shoes and the like are formed of a paper having reduced or eliminated non-functional processing additives. The paper composition includes components selected from a group consisting of aramid pulp, aramid staple, carbon/polyacrylonitrile fibers, glass wool, potassium octatitinate, bronze wool, high surface area filter cake, graphite, amorphous carbon and cyanated phenolic resin. The paper composition may be precompounded to a particle size in the range of 60 to 200 mesh. Part molding may be carried out by microwave heating the paper at 250° to 550° F. The precompounded and dispersed resin provides improved bonding of parts to clutch plates or brake shoes and the like.

Abstract: A method for making abrasive agglomerate particles from a composition comprising at least a radiation curable binder and solid particulates. The method comprises the steps of forcing the composition through a perforated substrate to form agglomerate precursor particles which then separate from the perforated substrate. Then, the particles are irradiated to form soldified, handleable agglomerate particles before being collected.

Abstract: Surface conditioning articles comprising an organic matrix and water-based organic binders are reported. The water-based organic binders include a first binder and a second binder with abrasive particles dispersed and adhered within the second binder. The first binder comprises a mixture of a phenolic resin and a carboxylated butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer latex, in the range of weight ratio of dry materials of said latex versus said phenolic resin of 90/10 to 60/40.

Abstract: The present invention provides discrete particles and methods of preparing the discrete particles. The discrete particles include a plurality of abrasive grits and a polymeric material that includes a reaction product of components including (a) an epoxy-functional material, (b) at least one of a cyclic anhydride or a diacid derived therefrom, and optionally (c) a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate. The invention also provides articles made from the discrete particles and methods of making such articles. Preferably, the articles are abrasive articles.

Abstract: Granular molding materials for fabricating abrasive articles, such as, for example, grinding wheels, are produced by mixing heated abrasive grains with a resin blend including two phenol-novolac resins. Preferably, the resin blend is added to the abrasive grains in the mixer apparatus of the invention, which can be a bowl type mixer. The mixer can be preheated by directing a heated gas, such as air, across the mixer. The granular molding material can also include a curing agent, fillers and other materials generally employed in fabricating abrasive articles.

Abstract: A method for making high density foam semiconductor polishing pads and belts with controlled, reproducible microcellular structure by mechanical frothing. The method involves agitating a liquid polymer resin at a controlled temperature and pressure in order to produce a stable froth. Next, the resin froth is metered under pressure to a mix head where it is typically combined with a desired amount of curative before being injected or poured into a mold.

Abstract: The retention of metal-coated superabrasive particles in a resin bond matrix is improved by incorporating a silane coupling agent into a mixture of metal-coated superabrasive particles and resin bond matrix. The silane can incorporated by providing a metal-coated superabrasive particle treated with a silane coupling agent for adding to the resin bond matrix. Alternatively, the silane can reacted into the resin bond matrix and then the metal-coated superabrasive particles added. Both diamond and cubic boron nitride are useful in the invention.

Abstract: This invention describes improved polishing pads useful in the manufacture ofsemiconductor devices or the like. The pads of the present invention may have an advantageous hydrophilic polishing material and are sufficiently thin to generally improve predictability and polishing performance.

Abstract: There is provided a polishing compound for sheet metal coating comprising an polishing material and a surfactant in which a RB ceramics and/or CRB ceramics powder is used at least as a part of the polishing material, thereby shortening a stain removing process of a coated surface in reparative sheet metal coating work of cars, etc. without conducting a washing process thereafter.

Abstract: Granular molding materials for fabricating abrasive articles, such as, for example, grinding wheels, are produced by mixing heated abrasive grains with a resin blend including two phenol-novolac resins. Preferably, the resin blend is added to the abrasive grains in the mixer apparatus of the invention, which can be a bowl type mixer. The mixer can be preheated by directing a heated gas, such as air, across the mixer. The granular molding material can also include a curing agent, fillers and other materials generally employed in fabricating abrasive articles.

Abstract: An abrasive solid is composed of a resinous matrix and an abrasive material dispersed in the matrix to form a solid mass, whose resistance to cutting is from 2 kgf (19.6N) to 15 kgf (147N) so that the abrasive solid is severable into two with use of a knife, cutter or the like tool and highly effective to remove rust from any target article. Two or more of such abrasive solids each having these properties are consolidated to form an integral piece that can be trimmed into any desired shape so as to perform both the rough and smooth abrasion works for removal of rust, without using and changing any ordinary abrasive tools one after another.

Abstract: A method of making a polishing pad composition comprising a high modulus phase component and a low modulus phase component, and a method of polishing a semiconductor substrate by creating nanoasperities at a polishing interface between the polishing layer and the wafer during polishing by providing the high modulus phase component at the polishing interface, either as protrusions from the polishing layer, or by being released from the polishing layer into the polishing interface.

Abstract: A multi-layer combination sponge includes a scrubbing layer and a cleaning layer that are each laminated to an intermediate layer. The intermediate layer is more compressible than the cleaning layer and the scrubbing layer, and a groove is formed around a perimeter of the sponge between the cleaning layer and the scrubbing layer. The layers are preferably coextensive, forming a nose portion at the front of the combination sponge and having rounded comers at the rear of the combination sponge. The cleaning and intermediate layers each have an approximately equal thickness, and the scrubbing layer has a thickness less than one-half as thick as either the cleaning layer or the intermediate layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides abrasive articles having projections attached to a major surface thereof, and methods of making such articles. The articles include (1) a reaction product of components that include (a) an epoxy-functional material, (b) at least one of a cyclic anhydride or a diacid derived therefrom; and/or (2) a polymeric material preparable by combining at least (a) an epoxy-functional material, and (b) at least one of a cyclic anhydride or a diacid derived therefrom.

Abstract: A canvas abrasive material has a coating of resin and abrasive grains on a woven fabric layer, wherein the crossing places of the yarns form grinding places and free places that are distributed in a grid form over the surface of the abrasive material. A VELCRO-type clinging layer on the abrasive material facilitates manipulation.

Abstract: A grinding stone using a metal material as the main material of a bonding material, which comprises: (A) abrasive grains of at least one member selected from the group consisting of diamond, cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide and aluminum oxide, (B) a bonding material made of at least one metal member selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and copper, or a bonding material made of an alloy comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and copper, and at least one member selected from the group consisting of iron, silver, tin, zinc and tungsten, and (C) amorphous carbon as an adjuvant, wherein the abrasive grains (A) and the amorphous carbon (C) are distributed in the bonding material (B) in a sea-island structure.

Abstract: Abrasive composition for the manufacture of tools for the execution of surface treatments on stone and ceramic materials, comprising a superabrasive and a binder comprising a frit approximately melting between 450° C. and 650° C. and a refractory material. The composition also comprises a chemically inert abrasive material for thermally and mechanically protecting the superabrasive.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a coated, bonded or non-woven abrasive article containing precisely shaped particles and a binder. These precisely shaped particles can contain abrasive grits, fillers, grinding aids and lubricants. The binder is preferably a mixture of a resole phenolic resin and a free radical curable resin, resulting in improved cutting and life span. Also disclosed is a method of forming the coated, bonded or non-woven abrasive article.

Abstract: A polishing tool which has a working layer with abrasive particles composed of cerium dioxide and a synthetic resin binder, a body layer, and an intermediate layer located between the working layer and the body layer, wherein the body layer is harder than the working layer, and the intermediate layer is softer than the working layer.

Abstract: A process for chemical mechanical polishing of a working film on a wafer, which entails conducting the chemical mechanical polishing with an aqueous dispersion containing water and composite particles, the composite particles containing polymer particles having at least one of a silicon compound portion or section and a metal compound portion or section formed directly or indirectly on the polymer particles.

Abstract: A vitrified grindstone having a vitrified abrasive structure which has pores and which includes abrasive grains and an inorganic bonding agent that holds the abrasive grains together, wherein 10-95% of a total volume of the pores is filled with a cured resin. The vitrified abrasive structure may further include an aggregate such that the abrasive grains and the aggregate are held together by the inorganic bonding agent.

Abstract: Coated abrasives suitable for very fine abrading applications can be obtained by depositing a layer of a formulation comprising abrasive grits, fillers, grinding aid, additives and a binder resin on a substrate in the form of a structured abrasive, adhering to the surface of the structured abrasive a functional powder; and then applying a top size coat over the functional powder.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for planarizing a microelectronic substrate. In one embodiment, a planarizing pad for mechanical or chemical-mechanical planarization includes a base section and a plurality of embedded sections. The base section has a planarizing surface, and the base section is composed of a first material. The embedded sections are arranged in a desired pattern of voids, and each embedded section has a top surface below the planarizing surface to define a plurality of voids in the base section. The embedded sections are composed of a second material that is selectively removable from the first material. A planarizing pad in accordance with an embodiment of the invention can be made by constructing the embedded sections in the base section and then removing a portion of the embedded sections from the base section. By removing only a portion of the embedded sections, this procedure creates the plurality of voids in the base section and leaves the remaining portions of the embedded sections.

Abstract: An abrasive includes an alumina-based fiber bound by a matrix resin which contains diamond abrasive grains therein, and a diamond abrasive grain layer provided on the surface of the bound fiber. The abrasive is formed into, for example, a flat plate having a thickness in a range of 0.45 to 1.2 mm, and the diamond abrasive grain layer is provided on at least any one of opposite surfaces of the bound fiber. Flat filaments having a ratio of a long axis to a short axis of the cross-sectional shape thereof in a range of 1.3 to 1.8 are used for the alumina-based fiber.

Abstract: The invention provides an abrasive product having a sheet-like backing including a plurality of concavoconvex portions, the backing also having a first major surface including convex portions and an opposite second major surface including concave portions opposite said convex portions. A coating of a binder is applied over the first major surface and the convex portions. A single layer of a plurality of substantially erectly oriented abrasive particles is bonded to the backing by the binder coating. The abrasive product is made by providing the backing as defined, coating the first major surface with an uncured composition which will cure to provide the binder, applying abrasive particles to the uncured composition coating with an electrostatic sprayer and curing the uncured composition to provide the binder coating.

Abstract: A resinoid grinding wheel of the present invention has low grinding resistance and is capable of providing a ground workpiece excellent in ground surface quality without burn mark while maintaining essential properties of the resinoid grinding wheel such as low elastic modulus and strong force for holding abrasive grains. A typical resinoid grinding wheel of the present invention includes 25 parts by volume of Al2O3 abrasive grains with grain size of #150, 20 parts by volume of organic hollow material with average particle diameter of 80 &mgr;m, and 10 parts by volume of pores having 1 mm in size. They are all dispersed in 40 parts by weight of a bond made of cured epoxy resin.

Abstract: A coating composition for forming abrasion-resistant, high clarity coatings is described. It has been found that a macrocrystalline or single crystal mineral abrasive can be added at high levels, about 5 to about 80 percent by weight, to art-recognized film-forming resin compositions for producing coatings exhibiting exceptional abrasion resistance and clarity. Such a coating composition is useful for application to surfaces including wood, vinyl, tile, rubber modified cement, marble, metal, plastic, and laminated surfaces.

Abstract: A curl-resistant, antislip abrasive backing which includes a polymer-reinforced paper having a first surface and a second surface; a synthetic polymeric layer bonded to the first surface; and an amorphous, rubbery polymer film layer bonded to the second surface. Also provided is a curl-resistant, antislip abrasive paper which includes a polymer-reinforced paper having a first surface and a second surface; a synthetic polymeric layer bonded to the first surface; a layer of abrasive particles bonded to the synthetic polymer layer; and an amorphous, rubbery polymer film layer bonded to the second surface. By way of examples, the amorphous, rubbery polymer may be a polyester elastomer or an amorphous, rubbery polypropylene.

Abstract: Manufacture of a polishing pad for polishing a semiconductor substrate, involves, transporting a backing layer to successive manufacturing stations, supplying a fluid phase polymer composition onto the transported backing layer, shaping the fluid phase polymer composition into a surface layer having a measured thickness, and curing the polymer composition on the transported backing layer in a curing oven to convert the liquid phase polymer composition to a solid phase polishing layer attached to the transported backing layer.

Abstract: An abrasive vitreous bonded solid mass having a vitrified abrasive structure comprising abrasive grains which are held together by an inorganic bonding agent, the abrasive structure is impregnated with a composition which comprises a resin and a solid lubricant agent. The abrasive solid mass is manufactured by preparing the composition comprising the resin and the solid lubricant agent, impregnating the vitrified abrasive structure with the composition, and curing the composition.

Abstract: Methods for making ceramic aggregate particles comprising forming a plurality of ceramic aggregate precursor particles from a composition by forcing the composition through at least one orifice in a substrate, at least partially curing the ceramic aggregate precursor particles, and heating the ceramic aggregate precursor particles to provide ceramic aggregate particles wherein solid particulates are bonded together by ceramic binder.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible abrasive product comprised of an open cell foam backing, a foraminous barrier coating and a shaped foraminous abrasive coating.

Abstract: A microabrasive tool is formed from a slurry including liquid, abrasive grains, a bonding material, and a polymer—for example, gellan gum. The slurry is cast in a mold, and the polymer is ionically cross-linked. Cross-linking the polymer fixes the structure of the bonding material and the abrasive grains, wherein the abrasive grains are dispersed substantially uniformly within the bonding material. The ionically cross-linked structure of bonding material and abrasive grains can then be fired to form a microabrasive tool.

Abstract: Reaction injection molding is utilized as a method for making an abrasive article that includes supplying an effective amount of abrasive particles to at least a portion of an abrasive article mold and supplying a binder precursor matrix that includes at least two interactive components to the abrasive article mold. When the binder precursor matrix is cured, the abrasive particles are secured within a binder formed from the binder precursor matrix. An abrasive article includes a plurality of bristles including an increased amount of abrasive particles, wherein a ratio of binder to abrasive particles is at least about 1:3 by weight.

Abstract: The production of an engineered surface on a coated abrasive is made more versatile by the use of a production tool obtained using a master tool created by a rapid prototyping technique.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a composition for forming a polishing pad comprising substances having specific functional groups exhibiting excellent hydrophilic properties and the like, a crosslinked body for polishing pad as well as a polishing pad with excellent water resisting and durability which exhibits excellent polishing performance including a high removal rate and method for producing thereof. The composition for forming a polishing pad comprises a crosslinkable elastomer having no carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl, epoxy, sulfonic acid and phosphoric acid groups, and a water-insoluble substance having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl, epoxy, sulfonic acid and phosphoric acid groups. And a water-soluble substance such as cyclodextrin may be contained. A polishing pad can be manufactured using the composition above or the crosslinked body for polishing pad, and porous polishing pads may also be obtained.

Abstract: A resilient abrasive article includes a resilient elongatable substrate, abrasive particles adhesively bonded to the substrate with a flexible make coat, and a hard size coat applied over the abrasive particles and flexible make coat. The size coat provides an anti-loading layer which is applied thinly enough to prevent the size coat from cracking and tearing the substrate during use.

Abstract: The invention provides individually made abrasive discs with the primary abrasive surface around the periphery of the disc where the bulk of the abrading action occurs when the disc is in use. The invention also provides a process by which these discs can be made using a unique grain feeding technique which is capable of depositing abrasive grain on a backing surface accurately and in annular patterns.

Abstract: A grinding wheel having a main body and a tubular bushing member which is fitted in an inner circumferential surface of a mounting hole formed through the main body, so that the grinding wheel is mounted on a wheel spindle of a grinding machine, with the bushing member being fitted on the wheel spindle. The bushing member includes an urethane resin as a main component thereof.

Abstract: Provided are an abrasive tape suitable for finishing of surfaces or the like of precision components such as optical connector ferrules and semiconductor wafers, and a process for producing it. A coating agent in which abrasive particles having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 200 m&mgr; are dispersed in a binder resin solution. The coating agent is applied, with intervention of a primer layer if necessary, onto a base for abrasive tape to form an abrasive layer, thus obtaining an abrasive tape.