Abstract: Bleaching compositions and a method are reported using peroxynitrite for bleaching as an active substance. Stains and soil can be removed from fabrics, household hard surfaces, dentures and other substrates.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions comprising a mixed surfactant system comprising low cloud point nonionic surfactant and charged surfactant selected from anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof

Abstract: A process for inhibiting the corrosion of silver in a dishwashing detergent solution by adding to the solution an inorganic redox-active substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to formulations and methods for preventing surfaces of natural or mineral materials or cementitious products from becoming slippery, especially when wet. The formulations comprise a non-fluorine-containing acid; a fluorine-containing compound, hydrogen sulfate or acetic acid; and a surfactant. Also disclosed are novel cleaning agents.

Abstract: Bleach-additives and bleaching compositions comprising glycine anhydride activators are provided. The activators have the general formulas of: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be the same or different and are a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 alkyl or aryl residue; or ##STR2## where n is 0 to 50, R.sub.3 is a linear or branched alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl or arylalk with C.sub.1 -C.sub.25, --H, --OH, --OR.sub.5, --COOM, or SO.sub.3 M, where M is H or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal; R.sub.4 is a linear or branched alkylene, arylene, or alkylarylene or arylalkylene with C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 ; and, R.sub.5 is a linear or branched alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl or arylalk with C.sub.1 -C.sub.25. The compositions display low soil resistivity and are formulated to provide in-use pH values of from 7 to about 9.5. Additional ingredients may include detersive surfactants, emulsifiers, chelants, and nonsoap pH reducing ingredients. Both granular and liquid compositions are provided.

Abstract: Stains are removed from fabrics safely and effectively using a spot removal composition which contains peroxide.

Abstract: A hydrogen peroxide-containing bleach liquor containing one or more compounds selected from organic phosphonic acids and their salts; and a water-soluble alkylamide. A bleaching method comprising using this bleach liquor or this bleach liquor deprived of the water-soluble alkylamide; and performing bleaching with the bleach liquor set at pH 10.0 to 10.7 and heated at 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. (110.degree. to 130.degree. C. in the absence of the alkylamide). The hydrogen peroxide-containing bleach liquor achieves an excellent bleaching effect without using a silicic acid-derived substance which causes a silicate-induced trouble. The bleaching method achieves an unsurpassed bleaching effect by use of the bleach liquor at a temperature in a broad range of 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. under lower alkaline conditions while curtailing the diminution of the physical properties of fibers to be bleached, whether cotton or synthetic fibers.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for predissolving a detergent composition having the steps of providing a hand-held container; and combining a detergent composition and a solvent in the container to form a concentrated detergent solution. The concentrated detergent solution preferably has a surface tension value of from about 10 to about 50 dyne/cm.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of manufacturing granular sodium percarbonate and more particularly, to a process of a stable granular sodium percarbonate detergent composition having an excellent solution velocity when added to water, comprising the following steps: hydrogen peroxide solution is directly sprayed to unpurified anhydrous sodium carbonate to produce granular sodium percarbonate followed by the addition of a stabilizer having a new composition in a reactor or fluidized bed dryer, then recycling sodium percarbonate particles which are of nonuniform particle size back into the process for continuous manufacturing.

Abstract: There is provided a composition adapted for use in machine dishwashing having reduced silver-tarnishing, as well as good cleaning performance. The composition contains an oxygen bleach and a water-soluble bismuth compound.

Abstract: Process for stainless steel pickling consisting in placing the material to be treated in a bath kept at a temperature ranging from 30.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. and containing:a) H.sub.2 SO.sub.4b) Fe.sup.3+c) HFd) emulsifiers, wetting agents, polishing agents, acid attack inhibitors;the bath being kept under agitation with:an air flow and continuously fed with a quantity of oxidizing agent adjusted to the bath redox potential to be kept at 250 mV min.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biodegradable polymers built-up ofa) monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and/or the salts thereof,b) monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids and/or the salts thereof,c) monounsaturated monomers which, after hydrolysis, can be converted to monomers with a hydroxyl group covalently bonded to the C-C-chain, and, optionally,d) further radically copolymerizable monomers,with the sum of the monomers according to a) to d) amounting to 100%.The present invention further relates to a process of producing said polymers by radical polymerization and hydrolysis in aqueous medium, and to the use of said polymers as additive or cobuilder in detergents and cleaning agents, in the pretreatment of cotton, as bleaching stabilizers, as auxiliary agent in textile printing and in the manufacture of leather, as well as in the inhibition of water hardness and as dispersing agent.

Abstract: A chemical cleaning system and a method of using the same in multiple zone mechanical warewashing is described. The cleaning system contains at least two separate components for aqueous dissolution or dilution to respective use concentrations, the system comprising a cleaning agent, a bleach and enzyme. Each component is dissolved or diluted to the use concentration and introduced sequentially into the warewashing apparatus.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of oxidizing a substrate in the presence of a laccase or a laccase related enzyme and an enhancing agent. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of bleaching of dye in solutions, to a method of inhibiting the transfer of a textile dye from a dyed fabric to another fabric when said fabrics are washed together in a wash liquor, to a method of bleaching of lignin-containing material, in particular bleaching of pulp for paper production, to a method of treatment of waste water from pulp manufacturing, and to a method of enzymatic polymerization and/or modification of lignin or lignin containing material.

Abstract: Block-form cleaners for flush toilets which consist of at least two masses of different composition, one of the masses being at least partly surrounded by the other mass(es) and the surrounded mass containing an active substance in a concentration at least 1.3 times higher than in the surrounding mass. This distribution ensures that the active substance is more uniformly released over the useful life of the cleaning block.

Abstract: There is provided a detergent composition containing (a) a surfactant; and (b) an organic peroxyacid bleach source wherein a means is provided for delaying the release to a wash solution of said peroxyacid bleach relative to the release of said surfactant. A pretreat wash method is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a bleached look in the color density of the surface of dyed fabric, especially cellulosic fabric such as denim, comprising use of a phenol oxidizing enzyme such as a peroxidase or a laccase, a hydrogen peroxide source and an enhancing agent represented by formula (I).

Abstract: A method for chlorine-free bleaching of denim textile material composed of warp yarn which is dyed with at least one of (a) indigo dye and at least one sulfur dye, and (b) at least one derivative of indigo dye and at least one sulfur dye, and weft yarn which is undyed and substantially white and which continues to be substantially white after bleaching to provide a denim textile material having a stylish gray cast.

Abstract: Laundry and cleaning compositions comprising a nonionic or anionic ester of an allylic alcohol perfume having the formula: ##STR1## especially geranyl and neryl esters.

Abstract: A process for bleaching and/or providing limescale removal at a surface, by applying to that surface an aqueous composition having a pH of 2 or less and comprises a mixture of (a) an aqueous composition comprising hydrogen peroxide or an organic peracid having a pH of greater than 2 but less than 7 and (b) an acidic composition wherein components (a) and (b) are mixed not more than two hours before being applied to the surface requiring bleaching and/or limescale removal. The organic acid of component (a) has the formula XC (O)OOH where X is hydrogen or CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.n and n is 0 to 8. The acid composition (b) comprises hydrochloric, sulphamic, tartaric, phosphoric, oxalic, citric, salicylic or ascorbic acids.

Abstract: A solid oxygen-based bleach includes components such as aqueous hydrogen peroxide combined with a quantity of an alkali metal phosphate capable of combining with the hydrogen peroxide to form a peroxyhydrate salt. A sufficient amount of a solidifying agent for the peroxyhydrate salt is added to the mixture while still in its exothermically heated form, to effect solidification of the emulsion upon cooling of the product. The pH of the composition is controlled by addition of sequestering acid salts to maintain the pH within 4 to 9, and preferably 7 to 8. Anionic and/or nonionic surfactants may be added to the composition. The heated molten composition resulting from the exothermic reaction of the constituents is poured into tablet or cake forming molds and allowed to cool thus effecting solidification of the mass in each mold.The bleaching/detergent composition is useful in hot water warewashing, laundry, and hard surface cleaning applications.

Abstract: Particulate high bulk density non-spray-dried detergent compositions containing organic non-soap surfactant, zeolite builder and fatty acid soap as powder structurant, prepared by non-tower mixing and granulation processes involving in-situ neutralization of fatty acid to soap with aqueous sodium hydroxide, can suffer from localized particle yellowing on storage when perfume and/or fluorescer are present, due to the presence of areas of high alkalinity. Yellowing is reduced without loss of powder structuring if a defined, less than stoichiometric amount of sodium hydroxide is used for the fatty acid neutralization. Surprisingly, in bleaching powders improved bleach stability is also observed. The resulting powder can be defined in terms of a low "basic sodium" content.

Abstract: A multipurpose cleaning agent containing 6.5-8% sodium alkyl sulfate, 2.7-4% fatty acid coconut diethanolamide, 0.38-0.42% citric acid, 0.38-0.42% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 0.42-0.48% sodium citrate, 2.88-3.2% water, 1.88-2.5% sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, 0.5-1% sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, 0.2-0.4% sodium percarbonate, 2-5% sodium tripoly phosphate, 40.38-35.89% low density sodium carbonate, 40.38-35.89% Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4.H.sub.2 O, 0.4-0.8%, savinase 40T, and 1-2% celluzyme 0.7T.

Abstract: The present invention provides water-soluble, extended-release chemical formulations, in tablet form, for urine pretreatment, that require minimal, if any, use of a binder component, yet are non-dusting, pliable, structurally strong, and not weakened by exposure to aqueous streams. The present invention also provides a simple and reliable method for controlled dispensing of such tableted formulations into a liquid stream that is particularly advantageous for use in micro-gravity environments, such as spacecraft urinal systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bleach or disinfecting aqueous cleaning composition which is useful for the removal of grease or tar without any mechanical action. In particular, the instant compositions are derived from three liquid phases which merge together at the tricritical point to form one continuum forming the aqueous cleaning composition, wherein the three phases incorporate at least a polar solvent, a non-polar solvent or weakly polar solvent and a water soluble or water low molecular weight water dispersible amphiphile and the composition contains a bleach and disinfecting agent.

Abstract: A thickened composition comprises:(a) an active cleaning component, present in a cleaning effective amount; and(b) a thickening system comprising an alkali metal salt of an N-alkyl-N-acyl amino acid and a mixture of myristyl/cetyl dimethyl amine oxides. In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning composition comprises an alkali metal hypochlorite and a strong base comprising an alkali metal hydroxide and an alkali metal silicate. The thickened compositions are useful as hard surface cleaners and particularly useful as drain opening compositions.

Abstract: Machine dishwashing detergents are disclosed containing a compatible mixture of a low-foaming nonionic surfactant and a high-foaming nonionic surfactant. Dishes and other utensils are cleaned to a sparkling clean spot-free condition by the machine washing detergent composition of the present invention. The machine dishwashing detergent compositions of the present invention are effective especially in controlling foam encountered upon washing dishes and other utensils encrusted with soils generally encountered on dishes, specifically egg and milk-derived protein soils.

Abstract: Detergents, especially automatic dishwashing detergents, comprising a stain removal system especially adapted for removal of tea stains, coffee stains and the like. The compositions comprise monopersulfate bleach such as 2KHSO.sub.5 .cndot.KHSO.sub.4 .cndot.K.sub.2 SO.sub.4 in combination with perborate or percarbonate at specific ratios, in combination with certain cationic or quaternary-substituted bleach activators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved curing or hardening process for the continuous production of capsules containing a sensitive material. The process allows capsules to be formed continuously without aggregating. The process is also a contained system so that exposure to possibly harmful aerosols is avoided.

Abstract: A method for bleaching textile material, including preparing an aqueous alkaline solution of a bleaching agent composed of formamidine sulfinic acid and at least one carbohydrate having a general total formula C.sub.n H.sub.2n O.sub.n, the formamidine sulfinic acid and the at least one carbohydrate having a weight ratio with respect to one another which ranges from 80:20 to 99:1; and bleaching textile material composed at least in part of cellulose materials by contacting the textile material with the bleaching agent at a temperature above 50.degree. C. therefor.

Abstract: Uniform, microscopic perforated water soluble film is herein described, and its use in packaging solid, pelletized or particulate detersire compositions containing strong acids, strong bases or a source of halogen whereby the package provides air to pass through without leakage of its contents. Also described is a method of manufacture of a sealed, water soluble, detersire package with microscopic perforations and an apparatus for said manufacture.