Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides containing a cytoplasmic domain ending with a MAST-2 binding domain, from 11 to 13 residues, the first two residues of which are S and W, and the last four residues of which are Q, T, R and L, said polypeptides presenting a high affinity for the PDZ domain of the human MAST2 protein. The invention also relates to polynucleotides, vectors, lentiviral particles, cells as well as compositions comprising the same. The invention is also directed to the use of said polypeptides, polynucleotides, vectors, lentiviral particles, cells and compositions in the treatment and/or prevention of a disease, disorder or condition, which alters the Central Nervous System (CNS) and/or the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The invention also concerns molecular signatures of cellular genes to determine the neurosurvival and/or neuroprotection activity of a molecule.

Abstract: Potent compounds having combined antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-radiation and metal chelating properties are described. Short peptides having these properties, and methods and uses of such short peptides in clinical and cosmetic applications are described.

Abstract: Methods are provided for treating dementia and or impaired cognition, as well as assays useful for identifying novel anti-dementia agents. Compounds and compositions for treating dementia and or impaired cognition are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure identifies caspase-1/ICE as a therapeutic target for ?-synuclein associated diseases and disorders. Related methods and compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Antibodies and fragments thereof have high affinity for human ?-synuclein protofibrils and low binding of ?-synuclein monomers, wherein the antibodies or fragments have specified Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) sequences. Compositions comprise such an antibody or fragment and methods of detecting ?-synuclein protofibrils use such an antibody or fragment. In further embodiments, methods of preventing, delaying onset of or treating a neurodegenerative disorder with ?-synuclein pathology comprise administering such an antibody or fragment, and such an antibody or fragment is used in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for treatment of a neurodegenerative disorder with ?-synuclein pathology. Such an antibody or fragment is used in the diagnosis or monitoring of the development of a neurodegenerative disorder with ?-synuclein pathology, and in methods for reducing or inhibiting ?-synuclein aggregation by administration of such an antibody or fragment.

Abstract: Disclosed are antagonists designed to inhibit or block expression of a mammalian complement such as complement component 6 (C6). The invention has a wide range of uses including use in the preparation of a medicament for the enhancement of nerve regeneration following acute or chronic nerve damage in a mammal. Additional applications include use in the treatment of multiple sclerosis either alone or in combination with another drug.

Abstract: The present invention compositions and methods of using at least a portions of an isolated and purified ?-crystallin polypeptide that includes one or more ?-pleated sheets and that prevents neurotoxicity and amyloidogenesis.

Abstract: N-acyldipeptide derivatives are described. Compositions comprising the N-acyldipeptide derivatives are therapeutically effective for topical or systemic administration to alleviate or improve conditions, disorders, diseases, symptoms or syndromes associated with a tumor, cancer, immune, nervous, vascular, musculoskeletal or cutaneous system, or other tissue or system in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of treatment of neuronal disorders and more particularly to neurotrophic factor MANF and uses thereof. The present invention provides a pharmaceutical compound comprising MANF nucleic acid molecule, MANF protein or a functional fragment thereof for the treatment of a peripherial neuropathy including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, drug addiction and ischemic brain injury.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an inventive polymeric carrier molecule according to generic formula (I) and variations thereof, which allows for efficient transfection of nucleic acids into cells in vivo and in vitro, a polymeric carrier cargo complex formed by a nucleic acid and the inventive polymeric carrier molecule, but also to methods of preparation of this inventive polymeric carrier molecule and of the inventive polymeric carrier cargo complex. The present invention also provides methods of application and use of this inventive polymeric carrier molecule and the inventive polymeric carrier cargo complex as a medicament, for the treatment of various diseases, and in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of such diseases.

Abstract: A purified paracrine factor of a mesenchymal stem cell, such as a Secreted frizzled related protein (Sfrp) is useful to reduce cell death an/or tissue injury associated with ischemic conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds, compositions and methods for treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases, including but not limited to autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, in which demyelination, (the loss of the myelin sheath that insulates the nerves) is an associated or causative feature. The data provided demonstrate the utility of the compounds and compositions according to this invention to promote oligodendrogenesis and myelination or remyelination.

Abstract: This invention provides novel peptides and methods to prevent, control, and treat an inflammation, cancer and other disorders, particularly of the gastrointestinal tract and the lung by administering at least one agonist of guanalyte cyclase receptor either alone or in combination with a compound selected from i) 5-aminosalicyclic acid (5-ASA) or a derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; ii) mercaptopurine; or iii) an anti-TNF therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods to administer compositions comprising cupredoxin and/or cytochrome and/or variants, derivatives, truncations and structural equivalents of cupredoxin and cytochrome to treat and/or prevent two or more conditions in a mammalian cell. The invention also relates to compositions and methods to administer compositions comprising cupredoxin and/or cytochrome and/or variants, derivatives, truncations and structural equivalents of cupredoxin and cytochrome to concurrently treat and/or prevent two or more conditions in a patient such as HIV, cancer, malaria and inappropriate angiogenesis.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to white matter. In particular, the present invention relates to a composition that can be used for promotion the development and/or void loss of white matter. One embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition comprising lactoferrin for use in the promotion of the development of the white matter, in the treatment or prevention of a delayed development of the white matter, and or in the treatment of prevention of a loss of white matter.

Abstract: This invention relates, e.g., to a composition suitable for administration to the central nervous system (CNS), comprising a block copolypeptide hydrogel, which comprises a biologically active material that is mixed with the hydrogel or that is attached to the polypeptide chain of the hydrogel, wherein the composition is suitable for administration to the CNS. Also disclosed are methods of making and using compositions of the invention as depots or as scaffolds for cell migration, and pharmaceutical compositions and kits for implementing methods of the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for treating or preventing Huntington's Disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides peptides and constructs that inhibit mitochondrial fission, and compositions comprising the peptides or constructs. The present disclosure provides methods of reducing abnormal mitochondrial fission in a cell. Also provided are methods for designing and validating mitochondrial fission inhibitor constructs and peptides, including but not limited to, evaluating the effects of the constructs and peptides on Drp1 GTPase activity, binding of Drp1 to Fis1, reduction of mitochondrial damage, reduction in cell death, inhibition of mitochondrial fragmentation in a cell under pathological conditions, and reduced loss of neurites in primary dopaminergic neurons in a Parkinsonism cell culture.

Abstract: The invention is based in part on identifying a core region of ND2 responsible for interacting with Src to within residues 289-321 of ND2 and more particularly residues 307-321 or 310-321 of ND2. Peptides including, overlapping or from within this region can be used to inhibit ND2 interaction with Src Inhibition of this interaction is useful for treatment or prophylaxis of neurological diseases and disorders, pain and cancer.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of promoting parkin activity in a subject, comprising: selecting a subject with a disorder associated with decreased Parkin activity; and administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition that increases parkin activity, wherein the composition is an inhibitor of a deubiquitinating enzyme.

Abstract: The invention provides ultra-small peptide inhibitors that are capable of preventing amyloid formation/amyloidosis.

Abstract: Provided are methods relating to the use of CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates for the treatment of autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, or cancer. Also provided are CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates, particles comprising CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates, and compositions comprising CDP-therapeutic agent conjugates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptides or polypeptides for producing medicaments for preventing and/or treating synucleinopathies.

Abstract: The invention relates to an epitope protection assay for use in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic intervention in diseases, for example, involving polypeptide aggregation, such as prion infections. The methods of the invention first block accessible polypeptide target epitope with a blocking agent. After denaturation of the polypeptide, a detecting agent is used to detect protein with target epitope that was inaccessible during contact with the blocking agent. The invention also relates to novel amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-specific epitopes and their uses to make antibodies, and to the novel antibodies and uses thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in the field of drug delivery. More particularly, the invention relates to polypeptides derived from aprotinin and from aprotinin analogs as well as conjugates and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these polypeptides or conjugates. The present invention also relates to the use of these polypeptides for transporting a compound or drug across the blood-brain barrier of a mammal and in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isolated peptide comprising or consisting of an amino acid sequence with an amino acid identity of at least 90% compared to mature human BMP2 with SEQ ID No. 1, characterized in that said amino acid sequence comprises at least two amino acid substitutions characterized in that a first amino acid substitution occurs at a position corresponding to N59, S88, E94, V99, K101 and/or N102 of SEQ ID No. 1 and to uses thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in which there is accumulation of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, excluding prion diseases. In particular, the invention relates to treatment of the neurodegenerative diseases Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), by administration of an agent selected from the group consisting of (i) Copolymer 1, (ii) a Copolymer 1-related peptide, (iii) a Copolymer 1-related polypeptide, and (iv) T cells activated with (i), (ii) or (iii).

Abstract: A method for alleviating and/or treating epileptic seizures comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) lacosamide and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and (b) levetiracetam and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is described.

Abstract: Methods and materials are provided for the production of glycosylated peptides that exhibit high affinity and specificity for delta opioid receptors. The methods and materials of the present invention may be used for treatment of conditions involving pain, such as acute pain and nociceptic pain, neuralgia and myalgia.

Abstract: The invention provides, among other aspects, compositions and methods for treating, preventing, and diagnosing diseases or conditions associated with an abnormal level or activity of biglycan; diseases or conditions associated with an abnormal level or activity of collagen VI; disorders associated with an unstable cytoplasmic membrane, due, e.g., to an unstable dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC); and disorders associated with abnormal synapses or neuromuscular junctions, including those resulting from an abnormal MuSK activation or acetylcholine receptor (AChR) aggregation.

Abstract: Embodiments herein generally relate to methods, compositions and uses of CaMKII inhibitors. Other embodiments relate to methods, compositions and uses of agents that target CaMKII. Yet further embodiments relate to compositions, methods and uses of CaMKIIN-derived molecules and other CaMKII inhibitor molecules that inhibit autonomous CaMKII activity. In accordance with these embodiments, compositions that inhibit autonomous CaMKII activity may be used for treating conditions causing neuronal cell death, for treating cancer or for treating neurodegenerative disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula II wherein R1a is H; and R1b is C1-C6alkyl, Carbocyclyl or Het; or R1a and R1b together define a saturated cyclic amine with 3-6 ring atoms; R2a and R2b are independently H, halo, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkyl or C1-C4alkoxy, or R2a and R2b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a C3-C6cycloalkyl; R3 is a branched C5-C10 alkyl chain, C2-C4haloalkyl or —CH2C3-C7 cycloalkyl; R4? is C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl or oxetany-3-yl. for use in the prophylaxis or treatment of a disorder characterized by inappropriate expression or activation of cathepsin S.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Meteorin for the treatment of allodynia, hyperalgesia, spontaneous pain and phantom pain. In a preferred embodiment the disorder to be treated is allodynia, and hyperalgesia, more preferably allodynia including thermal and tactile allodynia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for modulating the activity of one or more neurotrophins, such as neural growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), in an animal and methods for treatment of a disease or disorder in an individual by modulation of neurotrophin activity. The modulation is carried out by interfering with binding between a neurotrophin and a receptor of the Vps10p-domain receptor family or modulating the expression of a receptor of the Vps10p-domain receptor family. Methods for screening for agents capable of modulating neurotrophin activity and agents selected using these screening methods are also disclosed, as are methods for determining the effect of an agent on one or more neurotrophins in cells. The present invention also pertains to methods for modulating the transport of one or more neurotrophins.

Abstract: The invention provides peptide inhibitors of BACE1 that bind to the active site in a noncanonical fashion, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Methods, systems and compositions comprising novel peptidomimetics are disclosed that can be used to inhibit calpain and, more specifically, to treat tissue damage caused by pathologic activation of calpains.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of targeted drug delivery of compounds, including, chemical agents, (poly)peptides and nucleic acid based drugs (like DNA vaccines, antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes, catalytic DNA (DNAzymes) or RNA molecules, siRNAs or plasmids encoding thereof). Furthermore, the invention relates to targeted drug delivery of compounds to extravascular and intracellular target sites within cells, tissues and organs, in particular to target sites within the central nervous system (CNS), into and across the blood-brain barrier, by targeting to glutathione transporters present on these cells, tissues and organs. Thereto, the compounds, or the pharmaceutical acceptable carrier thereof, are conjugated to glutathione-based ligands that facilitate the specific binding to and internalization by these glutathione transporters.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for neurological disease, the agent comprising lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein E as the active substance thereof, in which a neuroprotective system via activation of neuroprotective molecules and/or the inactivation of neurodegeneration-inducing molecules, mediated by lipoprotein receptors, may work as a mechanism, and a prophylactic and therapeutic method for neurological diseases. The lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein E and/or neuroprotective system through, as the action mechanism, the activation of neuroprotective molecules and the inactivation of neurodegeneration-inducing molecules that are mediated by lipoprotein receptors have prophylactic and therapeutic effects of, including, inhibiting nerve cell apoptosis, on neurological disease such as various neurodegenerative diseases accompanied by nerve cell apoptosis as the essential condition.

Abstract: A novel use of a neuropeptide for treating brain injury in a subject in need thereof is provided. The present invention also provides various amenable routes of administering urocortin, that is, via injection intracerebroventricularly and intraperitoneally, and via intravenous bolus administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition which comprises tryptophan whereby 10 to 90%, preferably 20 to 80% of the tryptophan is present as free tryptophan or peptide-bound tryptophan and 10 to 90%, preferably 20 to 80% of the tryptophan is present as polypeptide-bound tryptophan.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to compositions comprising a peptide sequence, or a nucleic acid encoding the same, wherein the peptide sequence includes a receptor-binding region of apolipoprotein E (apoE), or a sequence variant or fragment thereof, for directing delivery of a given protein or therapeutic across the blood brain barrier. Embodiments of the invention are also directed to methods of using the compositions for treating or preventing a neurological disorder, disease, or symptom in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a neurotrophic peptide having an amino acid sequence of VGDGGLFEKKL (SEQ ID NO:1) and alternatively comprising an adamantyl group at the C- and/or N-terminal end. The neurotrophic peptide can rescue cognition, correct impairments in neural cell proliferation and synaptic plasticity, and thus address the cognitive defects associated with Down syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for suppressing neuroendocrine disease. The therapy employs use of a non-cytotoxic protease, which is targeted to a neuroendocrine tumor cell, preferably via a somatostatin or cortistatin receptor, a GHRH receptor, a ghrelin receptor, a bombesin receptor, a urotensin receptor a melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1; a KiSS-1 receptor or a prolactin-releasing peptide receptor. When so delivered, the protease is internalized and inhibits secretion from said tumor cell. The present invention also relates to polypeptides and nucleic acids for use in said methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a neurotrophic peptide having an amino acid sequence of VGDGGLFEKKL (SEQ ID NO: 1) and alternatively comprising an adamantyl group at the C-and/or N-terminal end. The neurotrophic peptide can rescue cognition, correct impairments in neural cell proliferation and synaptic plasticity, and thus address the cognitive defects associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Compositions containing apoaequorin and methods for their use in treating symptoms and disorders related to calcium imbalances associated with, for example, sleep quality, energy quality, mood quality, memory quality or pain are provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A synthetic peptide sequence demonstrating neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory functions is disclosed. Methods of use for the synthetic peptide are also provided.

Abstract: A method may include administering botulinum toxin to a tissue of a patient and administering a neuropeptide of the CRF family to the tissue of the patient. In some examples, the botulinum toxin is periodically administered to the tissue of the patient and/or the neuropeptide of the CRF family is periodically administered to the tissue of the patient. The periods with which the botulinum toxin and the neuropeptide of the CRF family are administered may be the same or may be different. In some examples, the botulinum toxin and the neuropeptide of the CRF family are administered to the tissue at substantially the same time, while in other embodiments, the botulinum toxin and the neuropeptide of the CRF family are administered to the tissue at different times.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, and R3 are defined as set forth in the specification. The compounds are agonists of neurotrophin (such as nerve growth factor) receptors.

Abstract: Neural outgrowth in the central nervous system is achieved by administering chondroitinase AC and/or chondroitinase B to degrade chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans that inhibit or contribute to the inhibition of nervous tissue regeneration.

Abstract: An isolated protein is provided for use in treatment of a condition selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's disease, familial Danish dementia and familial British dementia in a mammal, including man. The isolated protein is selected from the group consisting of proteins comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to residues 90-236 of Bri2 from human; and proteins comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to any one of the Brichos domains of Bri2 from human, chimpanzee, bovine, pig, mouse and rat.