Abstract: The present application relates to calcium channel inhibitors containing compounds of formula (I) wherein L1, L2, R1, R2, and R3 are as defined in the specification. The present application also relates to compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of treating conditions and disorders using such compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a patch preparation containing a support and an adhesive layer on at least one surface of the support, wherein the adhesive layer contains a drug, amine oxide, a low-polar liquid component based on an organic compound having an angle of 0-19° as calculated by the formula (I): angle(°)=arctan(inorganic value/organic value)×(180/?) and using an inorganic value and an organic value on an organic conceptual diagram, and an adhesive base, and the adhesive layer has an amine oxide content of 0.1-5 wt % and a low-polar liquid component content of 30-50 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solid, semisolid, or liquid formulations comprising water soluble antioxidants that prevent or reduce formic acid and/or formyl species generation in the dosage form during the manufacturing process and/or during shelf-life storage. The formulations of the present invention prevent or reduce formation of N-formyl impurities (and gelatin crosslinking) during the manufacturing process and/or during shelf-life storage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, or prodrug thereof, wherein U, J, V, X, R2a, R2b, R2c, R5 and t are as described herein. The present invention relates generally to inhibitors of histone deacetylase and to methods of making and using them. These compounds are useful for promoting cognitive function and enhancing learning and memory formation. In addition, these compounds are useful for treating, alleviating, and/or preventing various conditions, including for example, neurological disorders, memory and cognitive function disorders/impairments, extinction learning disorders, fungal diseases and infections, inflammatory diseases, hematological diseases, and neoplastic diseases in humans and animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of enhancing the absorption of migraine medications and thereby treating migraines by co-administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a ghrelin mimetic or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof and at least one migraine medication selected from a serotonin 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist, a tryptamine derivative, an ergoline derivative, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or an analgesic, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A method for enhancing glycemic control and/or insulin sensitivity in a human subject having diabetic nephropathy and/or metabolic syndrome comprises administering to the subject a selective endothelin A (ETA) receptor antagonist in a glycemic control and/or insulin sensitivity enhancing effective amount. A method for treating a complex of comorbidities in an elderly diabetic human subject comprises administering to the subject a selective ETA receptor antagonist in combination or as adjunctive therapy with at least one additional agent that is (i) other than a selective ETA receptor antagonist and (ii) effective in treatment of diabetes and/or at least one of said comorbidities other than hypertension. A therapeutic combination useful in such a method comprises a selective ETA receptor antagonist and at least one antidiabetic, anti-obesity or antidyslipidemic agent other than a selective ETA receptor antagonist.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stable pharmaceutical composition comprising a substrate having deposited on its surface a layer comprising saxagliptin or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein a seal coat is not present between the substrate and the saxagliptin layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fused heterocyclic derivative of the formula (I) The variables R1-R4, z, A, Q, X and Y are as defined in the claims. The following heterocycles are exemplified sub-structures of formula (I): The compounds of formula (I) are modulators of the S1P receptor (Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor), More specifically, they are agonists of S1P5. The compounds have therapeutic use in treatment of cognitive disorders, age-relate cognitive decline and dementia.

Abstract: Industrial synthesis process for, and crystalline form I of, the compound of formula (I): and also crystalline form I of the associated free base. Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in the treatment of disorders of the histaminergic system.

Abstract: There is provided amino acid ester compounds comprising at least one nitric oxide releasing group, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and compositions thereof. These compounds involve an amino acid side-chain or an amino acid derivative thereof and a nitric oxide releasing group as depicted in the following structures: wherein R1 is either an ethyl or an amino acid side-chain group or an amino acid derivative thereof and R2 is an amino acid side-chain group or an amino acid derivative thereof and n is an integer from 1 to 10.

Abstract: It has been found that inhibitors of the rennin-angiotensin system are useful for the treatment or prevention of conditions associated with hypoxia or impaired metabolic function or efficiency. In particular, they may be used in connection with therapy of stroke or its recurrence, the acute treatment of myocardial infarction, and the treatment or prevention of wasting or cachexia, and are thus useful in treatment of the symptoms and signs of aging. These inhibitors may also be used to enhance function in healthy subjects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (+)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and pharmaceutically acceptable active salts, polymorphs, glycosylated derivatives, metabolites, solvates, hydrates, and/or prodrugs of (+)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane and their use alone or in combination with additional psychotherapeutic compositions in the treatment of conditions affected by monoamine neurotransmitters, including treatment of refractory individuals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cGMP protein kinase (PKG) and regulatory domains and methods of use thereof. The structural determination of PKG domains is also described. cGMP independent PKG activators and uses thereof are also described.

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention relates to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, complex or pro-drug thereof, wherein: one of R3 and R4 is H, and the other is selected from C1-6-alkyl, C1-6-haloalkyl, C1-6-alkoxy, and C6-12-aralkyl; or R3 and R4 are each independently selected from C1-6-alkyl and halo; R9 is a substituted 5 or 6-membered aryl or heteroaryl group or a 6,5- or 6,6-fused biaryl or heterobiaryl group. Compounds of formula (I) exhibit surprisingly high efficacies for human cathepsin S, excellent selectivity verses other mammalian cathepsins and are useful for treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, transplant rejection, diabetes, Sjogrens syndrome, Grave's disease, systemic lupus erythematosis, osteoarthritis, psoriasis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, allergic rhinitis, asthma, atherosclerosis, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic pain.

Abstract: (R)-7-chloro-N-(quinuclidin-3-yl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide has been found to have procognitive effects in humans at unexpectedly low doses. Thus, (R)-7-chloro-N-(quinuclidin-3-yl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be used at unexpectedly low doses improve cognition.

Abstract: The present invention provides thermo-sensitive, mucoadhesive biopolymer formulations that enhance the penetration of therapeutics across the skin or mucosal surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the biopolymer formulation comprises co-polymer of poloxamer 188 and propylene glycol, laurocapram and, optionally, one or more therapeutic agents. Also provided are uses of the biopolymer formulations for topical therapy of cancer including cervical cancer.

Abstract: A method and means for delivery of drugs to the chorio-retina and the optic nerve head which comprises contacting the surface of the eye with an effective amount of drug for treatment of chorio-retina and optic nerve head and a physiologically acceptable adrenergic agent for enhancing delivery of the drug to these tissues in an ophtalmologically acceptable carrier, said adrenergic agent being selected from the group consisting of alpha adrenergic agonist agents, derivatives of the alpha adrenergic agonist agents, beta-blocking agents, derivatives of the beta-blocking agents and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are CCR2 antagonists of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable thereof, wherein R1, L1 and A are defined herein. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, and compositions to treat diseases or disorders associated with CCR2 activity.

Abstract: Provided herein are 2-phenoxy- and 2-phenylsulfonamide derivatives with CCR3 antagonistic activity. These compounds are useful for the treatment of diseases associated with CCR3 activity, including but not limited to, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Grave's disease, HIV infection, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and other inflammatory and/or immunological disorders.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for formulating and administering bicifadine and related compounds to treat or prevent functional impairment and disabilities associated with acute pain, chronic pain, and neuropathic disorders.

Abstract: The invention provides polymorphic crystalline forms of acid addition salts of (+)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane designated as polymorph form A, polymorph form B and polymorph form C, where polymorph form A is more thermodynamically stable than the other forms, methods for preparing and using such polymorph forms and pharmaceutical compositions containing such polymorph forms.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains to anticancer therapeutic agents that exhibit preferential cytotoxicity to malignant cells that express a cancer specific isoform of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (caPCNA) compared to cytotoxicity to comparable non-malignant cells, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the agents, and their use in cancer therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”), compositions thereof, and methods therewith. The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using such modulators.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing Droxidopa or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof comprising a step of reacting threo-N-phthaloyl-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-serine represented by the formula (1) with methylamine, whereby a process for producing threo-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-serine (common name: Droxidopa), which is useful as an agent for treatment of peripheral orthostatic hypotension or an agent for treatment of Parkinson's disease, with high production efficiency and without requiring troublesome operations.

Abstract: Compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, are useful as modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”). The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided herein are bicyclic compounds and methods of synthesis thereof. The compounds provided herein are useful for the treatment, prevention, and/or management of various neurological disorders. Compounds provided herein inhibit uptake of endogenous monoamines, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine (e.g., from the synaptic cleft) and modulate one or more monoamine transporter. Pharmaceutical formulations containing the compounds are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention includes a group of chemical compounds useful as modulators of calcium ion (Ca2+) channels, especially for T-type, N-Type and L-type channels. The present invention also includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising these calcium ion channel modulating agents and methods of using these calcium ion channel modulating agents for the treatment diseases and conditions associated with the calcium ion channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to aryl-substituted polycyclic amines of formula I, especially bicyclic amines, and to the physiologically tolerated salts and physiologically functional derivatives thereof; where the symbols and radicals are explained in the description, as well as to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to methods of treatment using them.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition in which a fungicidal effect against a cultivated crop infected by a plant pathogen is stable and highly active. An excellent agricultural or horticultural fungicide composition for controlling a plant pathogen is provided by using (a) at least one imidazole compound represented by formula (I): wherein R represents a C1-6 alkyl group or a C1-6 alkoxy group; and n represents an integer of 1 to 5 and (b) folpet as active ingredients; by combination as compared to a single use of each compound, and a plant pathogen is thereby controlled.

Abstract: Dividable galenical form for the modified release of active ingredient, wherein the non-subdivided galenical form and a portion of said form obtained by subdivision have identical dissolution profiles.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for improving the delivery and/or efficacy of a therapy (e.g., a cancer therapy) are disclosed. In one embodiment, methods and compositions for treating or preventing a cancer (e.g., a solid tumor such as a desmoplastic tumor) by administering to a subject an anti-hypertensive agent, as a single agent or in combination with a microenvironment modulator and/or a therapy, e.g., a cancer therapy (for example, a therapeutic agent or therapy, including immunotherapy (e.g., antibodies, vaccine, cell-based), nanotherapeutics, radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, low molecular weight chemotherapeutics, molecularly targeted therapeutics and/or oxygen radical) are disclosed.

Abstract: (R)-7-chloro-N-(quinuclidin-3-yl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide has been found to have procognitive effects in humans at unexpectedly low doses. Thus, (R)-7-chloro-N-(quinuclidin-3-yl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be used at unexpectedly low doses to improve cognition.

Abstract: A nanosphere or microsphere drug carrier, formulations comprising the drug carrier and the preparation method of the formulations and the use of the carrier are disclosed. The carrier comprises a biodegradable methoxy end-capped polyethylene glycol-polylactide block copolymersor a derivative thereof represented by formula (I) as the main carrier material: CH3O—[CH2—CH2—O]m—[C(O)—CH(CH3)—O]n—R (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof, wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.

Abstract: Isolated immunomodulatory (e.g. immunostimulatory) polyhydroxlated pyrrolizidine compounds having the formula (I), wherein R is selected from the group comprising hydrogen, straight or branched, unsubstituted or substituted, saturated or unsaturated acyl, alkyl (e.g. cycloalkyl), alkenyl, alkynyl and aryl groups, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof, are useful in therapy and prophylaxis, including increasing the Th1:Th2 response ratio, haemorestoration, alleviation of immuno-suppression, cytokine stimulation, treatment of proliferative disorders (e.g. cancer), vaccination, stimulation of the innate immune response and boosting of the activity of endogenous NK cells.

Abstract: The use of mesembrenone and medicaments and dietary supplements containing mesembrenone. The applicant has surprisingly found that mesembrenone exhibits potent PDE-4 inhibition properties and, in addition to being useful in treating conditions that respond to treatment with a PDE-4 inhibitor, has dual activity on account of its serotonin-uptake inhibition properties. Mesembrenone is extracted and isolated, for example as a pure compound, from plant material of the plant family Mesembryanthemaceae. Preferably a plant or plants from the genus Sceletium, more preferably, Sceletium tortuosum(L) N.E.Br is used.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor and a slow release biguanide is provided. A method for treating diabetes in a patient in need thereof including administering an anti-diabetic combination comprising a DPP inhibitor and a slow release biguanide is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds of Formula I, their pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives, tautomeric forms, isomers, polymorphs, prodrugs, metabolites, salts or solvates thereof. The invention also relates to processes for the synthesis of novel compounds of Formula I, their pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives, tautomeric forms, isomers, polymorphs, prodrugs, metabolites, salts or solvates thereof. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I and methods of treating or preventing one or more disorders of the central and/or peripheral nervous system, preferably by modulating neurological and/or psychiatric targets (GPCR and/or non-GPCR).

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds of the Formula (I) pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, which are useful for the therapeutic treatment of diseases associated with the modulation or inhibition of 11?-HSD1 in mammals. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions of the novel compounds of the Formula (I) and methods for their use in the reduction or control of the production of cortisol in a cell or the inhibition of the conversion of cortisone to cortisol in a cell.

Abstract: Methods for selecting active principles to be used in association within a single pharmaceutical form, the method comprising searching, selecting and analyzing published bibliographic data. The disclosure also relates computer-implemented methods for selecting active principles to be used in association within a single pharmaceutical form, comprising: selecting with a processor-implemented process at least one listing of keywords stored in memory; and submitting the keywords in a query. Further, the specification relates to pharmaceutical oral forms defined by implementing these methods, wherein at least two active principles are brought together in a leak proof water-soluble wrapping or envelop and the active principles cannot come into contact with one another.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solid, semisolid, or liquid formulations comprising water soluble antioxidants that prevent or reduce formic acid and/or formyl species generation in the dosage form during the manufacturing process and/or during shelf-life storage. The formulations of the present invention prevent or reduce formation of N-formyl impurities (and gelatin cross-linking) during the manufacturing process and/or during shelf-life storage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for use as a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of cardiac hypertrophy, comprising at least one compound of formula (I), wherein: R1 is e.g. hydrogen, —CH3, R2 is e.g. hydrogen, —CH3, R4 is hydrogen, —OH, —NH2; R5 is hydrogen, —OH; R6 is hydrogen, —OH; R3 is e.g. —OCH3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and at least one pharmaceutical excipient.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having structural Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are inhibitors of the Renal Outer Medullary Potassium (ROMK) channel (Kir1.1). The compounds of Formula I are useful as diuretics and natriuretics and therefore are useful for the therapy and prophylaxis of disorders resulting from excessive salt and water retention, including cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and chronic and acute heart failure.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (A) and (B) are described herein and the uses thereof for the treatment of diseases, conditions and/or disorders mediated by sodium-glucose transporter inhibitors (in particular, SGLT2 inhibitors).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a substance with the core structure of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a composition for the treatment of insulin resistance or diseases associated with insulin resistance, preferably in human subject in a daily dosage in a range of from about 5 mg to about 1500 mg. The invention furthermore relates to a method of treating insulin resistance or diseases associated with insulin resistance in a mammal, said method comprises administering to said mamma, preferably a human subject, a substance with the core structure of formula (I), preferably in a daily dosage in a range from about 5 mg to about 1500 mg. The substance is preferably isosteviol or steviol, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof. Examples of diseases associated with insulin resistance and e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel trifluoromethoxyphenyl-substituted tetramic acid derivatives of the formula (I), in which J, X, Y, A, B, D and G have the meanings given above, to a number of processes for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides. The invention further provides selective herbicidal compositions which comprise, firstly, trifluoromethoxyphenyl-substituted tetramic acid derivatives and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound. The invention further relates to the boosting of the action of crop protection compositions comprising compounds of the formula (I) through the additions of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts and optionally penetrants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fused heterocyclic derivative of the formula (I) wherein R1 is selected from cyano, (2-4C)alkenyl, (2-4C)alkynyl, (1-4C)alkyl, each optionally substituted with CN or one or more fluoro atoms, (3-6C)cycloalkyl, (4-6C)cycloalkenyl or a (8-10C)bicyclic group, each optionally substituted with halogen or (1-4C)alkyl optionally substituted with one or more fluoro atoms, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, (1-4C)alkyl optionally substituted with one or more fluoro atoms, (1-4C)alkoxy optionally substituted with one or more fluoro atoms, amino, dimethylamino, and (3-6C)cycloalkyl optionally substituted with phenyl which may be substituted with (1-4C)alkyl or halogen, and phenyl substituted with phenoxy, benzyl, benzyloxy, phenylethyl or monocyclic heterocycle, each optionally substituted with (1-4C)alkyl, Z is a linking group —W—(Cn-alkylene)-T- wherein W is attached to R1 and sel

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit proteolytic enzymes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are described. Preparation of the inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and uses of the compounds or compositions for the treatment of HIV infections are also described.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, complex or pro-drug thereof, wherein one of R1 and R2 is H, and the other is selected from C1-8-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl and C1-8-alkyl-C5-10-aryl; R3 is selected from tert-butylmethyl, iso-propylmethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and 1-methylcyclopentyl; R9 is selected from the following: wherein: R4 is selected from C1-8-alkyl and C3-8-cycloalkyl; G is selected from: CH, CMe and N; E is selected from: O, S, SO2, NH, NMe and N-oxide (N?O); J and R are independently selected from: CH, N and N-oxide (N?O); and R41 is selected from amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, isopropylamino, isopropyl(methyl)amino, cyclopropylamino, cyclopropyl(methyl)amino, cyclopentylamino, morpholino, piperidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-ylmethyl, morpholinomethyl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 4-(2-methoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl, 1-morpholinoethyl, 1-(dimethylamino)ethyl, 1-(methylamino)ethyl, 4-fluoro-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 4,4-difluoropiperidin-1