Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions, systems, kits and methods related to preserving physical linkage information of isolated DNA subject to DNA damage, and identifying a nucleic acid preservative. Physical linkage information and DNA integrity may be preserved by methods relating to reassembly of chromatin onto isolated DNA molecules so as to protect the nucleic acids, preserve physical linkage information, or size select molecules of interest. Nucleic acid compositions produced by methods disclosed herein are preserved so as to be analyzed, for example, by high throughput sequencing methods.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of elevating brain extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HTExt) and of treating psychiatric conditions and neurological disorders using continuous intravenous infusion of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). The methods can be provided for treatment of acute suicidal ideation and/or acute worsening of a mood disorder. The methods can provide rapid onset of therapeutic effect while also having low incidence of acute or moderate adverse effects. Also described herein are compositions for use in the methods, including stable 5-HTP compositions for use in preparing infusate solutions.

Abstract: Provided are: a radical polymerization initiator which has excellent sensitivity and solubility in water; a composition containing the same; a cured product of the composition; a method of producing the cured product; and a compound.

Abstract: Provided are: a radical polymerization initiator which has excellent sensitivity and solubility in water; a composition containing the same; a cured product of the composition; a method of producing the cured product; and a compound.

Abstract: The present invention describes a pharmaceutical composition at a fixed dose of paracetamol and specifically amitriptyline supported by the pharmacological interaction and safety studies that show its synergy for the anti-allodynic, the mechanical anti-hypernociceptive effects and for the reduction of persistent pain, proportions, safety and neuroprotective capacity. This is aimed to the treatment of mixed pain due to cancer that can be incorporated as another option in the strategy of the WHO analgesic ladder at step 1 for the treatment of mild pain. However, it can also be included in higher steps associated with opioids for the treatment of pain of greater intensity and potentially decrease the escalation of its doses and adverse effects such as tolerance and hyperalgesia.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses melatonin derivatives, a method thereof, and a use thereof. The method comprises: dissolving melatonin in a solvent, adding a catalyst while maintaining the solvent at 0° C. to obtain a first reaction solution, stirring the first reaction solution, adding reactants in the first reaction solution, continually stirring at room temperature or at refluxing reaction temperature until, when analyzing by thin layer chromatography, the first reaction solution is fully reacted, quenching the reaction with ice water, concentrating the first reaction solution to obtain a residue of the first reaction solution, and purifying the residue of the first reaction solution by column chromatography to obtain the melatonin derivatives.

Abstract: Liquid suspensions of tasimelteon and methods for their use.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to bifunctional compounds, which find utility as modulators of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (target protein). In particular, the present disclosure is directed to bifunctional compounds, which contain on one end a Von Hippel-Lindau, cereblon, Inhibitors of Apotosis Proteins or mouse double-minute homolog 2 ligand which binds to the respective E3 ubiquitin ligase and on the other end a moiety which binds the target protein, such that the target protein is placed in proximity to the ubiquitin ligase to effect degradation (and inhibition) of target protein. The present disclosure exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activities associated with degradation/inhibition of target protein. Diseases or disorders that result from aggregation or accumulation of the target protein are treated or prevented with compounds and compositions of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A method of selectively inhibiting pathogenic microbes includes: providing a compound that is functional as a selective antimicrobial having a structure of Formula 1, or derivative thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof; and contacting a pathogenic microbe with the compound such that the pathogenic microbe is selectively inhibited; wherein: ring A is a cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or polycycle combination thereof; X is S, SO, or SO2; Y is a linker or bond; Z is CH, CR2, or N; Z1 is C or N to form an imidazopyridine; each Z2, Z3, or Z4 is independently CH, CR2, or N; each Z5 or Z6 is C or CH; each R1, R2, R3 and/or R4 is independently a substituent; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; and n is zero or a positive integer.

Abstract: Provided is a composition for reducing serum uric acid level, which contains glycine and tryptophan. The serum uric acid level in a subject can be decreased when the subject intakes the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 18F-labeled compounds suitable for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The invention further relates to the use of these compounds for carrying out PET scans, imaging the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, pathway, predicting the responsiveness of a subject with a solid tumor to therapies including immunotherapy such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition, and determining whether a solid tumor in a subject contains tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin D and the protein bound amino acids glycine, arginine and tryptophan as active ingredients for use in therapy of cancer patients, wherein an effective amount of said active ingredients is administered in the form of a nutritional composition comprising a) a lipid component providing 40-50 EN % based on the total energy of the nutritional composition, wherein 12-16 EN % based on the total energy of the nutritional composition is provided by PUFA, b) 4.0-8.0 mg/100 mL alpha-TE vitamin E, c) 5.0-12.0 ?g/100 mL vitamin D, d) 2.5-4.5 g/100 mL glycine, e) 0.5-1.5 g/100 mL arginine, and f) at least 0.02 g/100 mL tryptophan.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of treatment, pharmaceutical compositions, systems and kits appropriate for first line and/or adjunct therapy with antivenom using at least one active component, in some instances at least two active components and in other instances no more than two active components selected from the group consisting of a selective secretory PLA2 inhibitor (sPLA2 or PLA2 inhibitor), a metalloproteinase inhibitor, a serine protease inhibitor, antivenom, one or more acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or a nAChR agonist paired with a mAChR antagonist, a NMDA receptor antagonist and a spreading factor inhibitor to treat a subject who suffers from an envenomation, preferably at the time of envenomation and often within a period of less than about an hour after an envenomation or 6 hours after an envenomation and throughout the course of treatment at time with or without antivenom as an adjunct therapy after an envenomation by, for example, a snake or invertebrate.

Abstract: Methods for treating immunodeficiencies are provided using indole-based compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for identifying compounds that act as miR-34a modulators. The present invention also provides miR-34a modulators and compositions containing the modulators. The present invention further provides methods for treating diseases by administration of miR-34a modulators.

Abstract: The invention provides novel antibacterial diamide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods for treating or preventing an infection in a subject using the compounds.

Abstract: Kits for the treatment or prophylaxis of depressed mood are described, for subjects with increased MAO-A levels, excessive crying, or subjects within or beyond the 5-day postpartum period. The kits are used to implement a method by which the subject is administered an antioxidant source on at least the first day of a 3 to 5 day regime; a tryptophan composition on the evening of the penultimate treatment day, simultaneously or following the antioxidant source; and a tyrosine composition the day after the tryptophan composition, on the final treatment day. The kit comprises an antioxidant source which may comprise or be derived from blueberries. Individuals with depressed mood due to perimenopause, alcohol use disorders or withdrawal, or who are up to or beyond 18-months postpartum, may benefit from the kits. The kits described may reduce the likelihood of advancing from depressed mood to depression.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of selective EP2 antagonists exemplified by small molecules TG4-155 and TG6-10-1 effective for treating gliomas, and methods for administering the pharmaceutical compositions to treat subjects suffering from disorders characterized by gliomagenesis.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising chlorogenic acid and methods for their use and manufacture in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The compositions can be formulated from botanical sources of chlorogenic acid including sunflower seed extract.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and/or compositions that modulate PP2A methylation and/or activity and methods for preparing the same, which are useful for modulating the demethylation of PP2A, modulating the methylation of PP2A and/or modulating the activity of PP2A.

Abstract: The present invention provides a food of the type based on unit of intake per serving, which contains glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to give glycine in an amount of not less than 0.5 g based on glycine per serving. The food of the present invention can be applied as a food flavoring, a deep sleep disorder improving food, or a bowel movement improving food.

Abstract: Methods for treating, or reducing risk of developing, seasonal worsening of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a subject who has MS, comprising administering a melatonin agonist to a subject.

Abstract: An objection of the present invention is to provide an agent for preventing or improving decline in brain function such as decreased perception ability, decreased memory learning ability, decreased thinking ability, decreased concentration, decreased attention, decreased judgment ability, depression, and decreased exercise performance caused thereby. According to the present invention, an agent for protecting brain neuronal cells, comprising citrulline or a salt thereof and glutathione or a salt thereof as active ingredients as well as an agent for preventing or improving decline in brain function, comprising citrulline or a salt thereof and glutathione or a salt thereof as active ingredients is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel small molecule TLR2 antagonist, and particularly, to 19 novel TLR2 antagonists, a pharmaceutical composition, including the antagonists, for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases, and a TLR4 regulator. The novel TLR2 antagonists according to the present disclosure can be effectively used as a preparation for oral administration by having low molecular weight and high oral bioavailability, and can be useful in pharmaceutical compositions for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases since the secretion of IL-8 is effectively inhibited and in vivo cytotoxicity is not induced. In addition, the novel TLR2 antagonists according to the present disclosure can be used as a TLR4 regulator.

Abstract: Methods of treating a seizure disorder with a maxi-K channel opener or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. In embodiments, suitable maxi-K channel openers are be fluoro-oxindole or chloro-oxindole compounds. In some embodiments, the maxi-K channel opener may be (3S)-(+)-(5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dihydro-3-fluoro-6 -(trifluoromethyl)-2H-indole-2-one or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The methods provide therapeutic compositions that may be used to improve one or more symptoms of a seizure disorder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ?7?1 integrin modulatory agents and methods of using such to treat conditions associated with decreased ?7?1 integrin expression or activity, including muscular dystrophy. In one example, methods for treating a subject with muscular dystrophy are disclosed. The methods include administering an effective amount of an ?7?1 integrin modulatory agent to the subject with muscular dystrophy, wherein the ?7?1 integrin modulatory agent increases ?7?1 integrin expression or activity as compared to ?7?1 integrin expression or activity prior to treatment, thereby treating the subject with muscular dystrophy. Also disclosed are methods of enhancing muscle regeneration, repair, or maintenance in a subject and methods of enhancing ?7?1 integrin expression by use of the disclosed ?7?1 integrin modulatory agents. Methods of prospectively preventing or reducing muscle injury or damage in a subject are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mono- or di-substituted indole compounds, methods to prevent or treat dengue viral infections by using said compounds and also relates to said compounds for use as a medicine, more preferably for use as a medicine to treat or prevent dengue viral infections. The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical compositions or combination preparations of the compounds, to the compositions or preparations for use as a medicine, more preferably for the prevention or treatment of dengue viral infections. The invention also relates to processes for preparation of the compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ?7?1 integrin modulatory agents and methods of using such to treat conditions associated with decreased ?7?1 integrin expression or activity, including muscular dystrophy. In one example, methods for treating a subject with muscular dystrophy are disclosed. The methods include administering an effective amount of an ?7?1 integrin modulatory agent to the subject with muscular dystrophy, wherein the ?7?1 integrin modulatory agent increases ?7?1 integrin expression or activity as compared to ?7?1 integrin expression or activity prior to treatment, thereby treating the subject with muscular dystrophy. Also disclosed are methods of enhancing muscle regeneration, repair, or maintenance in a subject and methods of enhancing ?7?1 integrin expression by use of the disclosed ?7?1 integrin modulatory agents. Methods of prospectively preventing or reducing muscle injury or damage in a subject are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmacologically active compositions suitable for topical application or injection directly for fat treatment without the need for surgical intervention.

Abstract: Biomarkers relating to insulin resistance and insulin resistance-related disorders are provided, as well as methods for using such biomarkers as biomarkers for insulin resistance, dysglycemia, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. In addition, methods for monitoring the respective disorders or conditions of a subject are also provided. Also provided are suites of small molecule entities as biomarkers for insulin resistance, dysglycemia, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: Composition comprising leucine, isoleucine, valine threonine and lysine for treating angiogenic disorders in elderly subjects.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein. The compounds of the invention are inhibitors of ROR?t and are useful in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by ROR?t.

Abstract: Described herein are topical pain compositions comprising between 15 and 90% mannitol, for use in the treatment of pain, itch and other cutaneous nerve conditions. The resulting compositions may be in the form of creams, gels, lotions, ointments, foams, suppositories, and sprays.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of formula I wherein R1, R2 and R3 are identical or different and each is H or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, R4 is H or methyl, R5 is phenyl or chlorophenyl, and/or physiologically acceptable salts thereof and its use in compositions, especially topical, cosmetic and/or personal care compositions, and compositions containing said compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of measuring the elasticity and firmness of skin. The invention also relates to methods of measuring improvements in a person's skin health by measuring firmness and elasticity before, during and after a cosmetic treatment. The invention further relates to methods of measuring the improvement in a person's skin firmness and elasticity that a cosmetic agent may cause when applied on the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Such compounds can be used in the treatment of RORgammaT-mediated diseases or conditions.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating cancer cells that targets fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (EC:3.1.3.11) enzymes (FBPs, type 1 and type 2) and/or their respective pathways. In one embodiment, inhibitors of FBPs or FBPs pathways are administered to a patient to treat brain cancer metastasis. In another embodiment, the present invention is particularly well suited for treating cancer cells that generally survive under glucose-independent conditions, or any other condition where cancer cells produce glucose via FBPs mediated pathways.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the present invention are inhibitors of ROR?t and are useful in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by ROR?t.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and/or compositions that modulate PP2A methylation and/or activity and methods for preparing the same, which are useful for modulating the demethylation of PP2A, modulating the methylation of PP2A and/or modulating the activity of PP2A.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to Formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Such compounds can be used in the treatment of RORgammaT-mediated diseases or conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indole and indazole compounds of Formula (I) that activate 5? adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods for treating or preventing diseases, conditions, or disorders ameliorated by activation of AMPK.

Abstract: The present invention provides an N-substituted isopropyldimethyl azulene sulfonamide derivative as represented by formula (I), and preparation method and uses thereof, wherein R1 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, amino, or a substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and amino. The N-substituted isopropyldimethyl azulene sulfonamide derivative can be used in treating gastric ulcer.

Abstract: A solid oxidized glutathione salt is produced by heating an oxidized glutathione at 30° C. or higher while the oxidized glutathione is brought into contact with an aqueous medium in the presence of a substance for providing a cation, to produce the salt of the oxidized glutathione and the cation as a solid, wherein the aqueous medium is composed of water and/or a water-soluble medium, and the cation is at least one selected from an ammonium cation, a calcium cation and a magnesium cation.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an amino acid-containing granule preparation improved in the ease of taking medication than conventional products, which disintegrates rapidly. The amino acid-containing granule preparation of the present invention containing granules having a maximum particle size of substantially not more than 1000 ?m and a bulk density of not less than 0.57 g/mL markedly improves ease of taking medication without impairing disintegration property, as compared to conventional amino acid-containing granule preparations.

Abstract: The invention provides for ischemia/reperfusion protection compositions having one or more ketone bodies and melatonin. The invention also provides for methods of using such compositions to reduce or prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury due to blood loss, stroke or cardiopulmonary arrest or surgery.

Abstract: An ophthalmic drug delivery system that contains phospholipid and cholesterol for prolonging drug lifetime in the eyes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an allosteric non-inhibitory chaperone of the lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) for use in the treatment of a pathological condition characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA), to pharmaceutical composition thereof, to a method for increasing the activity of GAA in a subject and to a method for identifying an allosteric non-inhibitory chaperone for GAA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel amide derivatives of N-urea substituted amino acids, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals as modulators of the N-formyl peptide receptor like-1 (FPRL-1) receptor.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically compositions thereof. Compounds of Formula (I) are inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR). Also provided are methods of using the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting the activity of HDACs and HMGR, treating diseases associated with HDACs or HMGR (e.g., cancer, hypercholesterolemia, an acute or chronic inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, allergic disease, pathogen infection, neurodegenerative disease, and a disease associated with oxidative stress), or inhibiting drug resistance of cancer cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. In particular, LFA-1 antagonists are described herein and these antagonists are used in the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. One aspect of the invention provides for diagnosis of an LFA-1 mediated disease and administration of a LFA-1 antagonist, after the patient is diagnosed with a LFA-1 mediated disease. In some embodiments, the LFA-1 mediated diseases treated are dry eye disorders. Also provided herein are methods for identifying compounds which are LFA-1 antagonists.