Abstract: The invention concerns novel lipoic acid derivatives, which have an inhibiting action with respect to NO-synthase enzymes producing nitrogen monoxide NO and/or are agents enabling the regeneration of antioxidants or entities trapping reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intervening in a more general manner in the redox status of thiol groups. The invention also concerns methods for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use for therapeutic purposes, particularly their use as NO-synthase inhibitors and/or as agents acting more generally in the redox status of thiol groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of lipoic acid and C1 donors, in particular S-adenosylmethionine and/or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, for the treatment of central nervous system disorders, to compositions with a corresponding active ingredient combination and to compositions in the form of commercial packs with corresponding combination products or single component products for combined use.

Abstract: A method of determining a dosage of anti-oxidant for an individual person, wherein the dosage is determined on the basis of an individual factor and a stress index. The individual factor is based on a weight factor of the individual, an age factor of the individual and a training factor of the individual. The training factor is based on training history of the individual, and the stress index is based on current and future physical activity of the individual. A formulation based on this method is also described.

Abstract: This invention is directed to lipoxin A4 analogs of the following formula (I) and (II): 1

Abstract: Enhanced dermatological compositions are described herein using from about 21 to about 40 wt-% urea with antioxidant skin protectants suitable for the treatment of icthyosis, xerosis, severely dry skin, dermatitis, eczema, debridement and tissue suffering and other similar skin conditions.

Abstract: A method and composition for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy is disclosed. The composition comprises a cold compounded mixture of a compound that promotes synthesis of nerve growth factor, an aldose reductase inhibitor and an antioxidant formulated in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. It has been found that this combination of active agents provides significant, effective relief of the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, as well as at least partial recovery of lost neurological function in some cases. In view of the consensus in the art that effective combinations of various active agents have not been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, the present invention provides a surprising and unexpected effect. In addition, the topical compositions of the present invention, when used in effective amounts to treat diabetic neuropathy, do not exhibit the severe side effects of many prior art compositions proposed for treatment of this ailment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a catechin compound, ascorbic acid, proline and lysine. The present invention also relates to a method for treating neoplastic disease using a composition comprising a catechin compound, ascorbic acid, proline and lysine.

Abstract: Rosacea is treated by application of a composition containing lipoic acid and/or a lipoic acid derivative such as dihydrolipoic acid, a lipoic or dihydrolipoic acid ester, a lipoic or dihydrolipoic acid amide, a lipoic or dihydrolipoic acid salt, and mixtures of any of these. Preferred compositions further comprise &agr;-hydroxy acids or acid derivatives such as glycolic and/or lactic acid. Other embodiments also contain fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid such as ascorbyl palmitate, and/or tocotrienol.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement composition for the prevention, reduction or treatment of radiation injury due to exposure to ionizing radiation, including one or more compounds that regulates cell differentiation and/or cell proliferation, and one or more antioxidants, optionally formulated in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for an oral composition. The composition of the present invention may further include optional ingredients such as flavonoids, flavonoid derivatives, selenium, selenium compounds, anti-inflammatories, organic germanium, Korean ginseng, American ginseng, Siberian ginseng and B-complex vitamins. A method for the administration of an oral composition for the purpose of preventing, reducing or treating radiation injury involves orally administering an effective amount of a composition including one or more compounds that regulates cell differentiation and/or cell proliferation, and one or more antioxidants to a person before, during or after radiation exposure.

Abstract: An oral composition for the prevention, reduction or treatment of radiation injury including one or more compounds that regulates cell differentiation and/or cell proliferation, and one or more antioxidants, optionally formulated in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for an oral composition. The composition of the present invention may further include optional ingredients such as flavonoids, flavonoid derivatives, selenium, selenium compounds, anti-inflammatories, organic germanium, Korean ginseng, American ginseng, Siberian ginseng and B-complex vitamins. A method for the administration of an oral composition for the purpose of preventing, reducing or treating radiation injury involves orally administering an effective amount of a composition including one or more compounds that regulates cell differentiation and/or cell proliferation, and one or more antioxidants to a person before, during or after radiation exposure.

Abstract: A composition for the preventing, reducing or treating radiation dermatitis includes a mixture of one or more compounds that regulates cell differentiation and/or cell proliferation, and one or more antioxidants formulated in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The composition of the present invention may further include a flavonoid. A method for the topical administration of the composition in accordance with the present invention for the purpose of preventing, reducing or treating radiation dermatitis involves topically administering an effective amount of the composition of the invention an area of skin which has been or will be exposed to radiation. The composition and method can be employed to prevent, reduce or treat radiation dermatitis caused by a wide variety of types of radiation exposure and is particularly useful for the prevention, reduction or treatment of radiation recall dermatitis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward anti-aging skin care compositions comprising Vitamin B1, Vitamin B5, Vitamin C, N-acetyl-cysteine and, optionally, lipoic acid. The present invention is further directed toward methods for therapeutically or prophylactically treating the consequences of aging on the condition or appearance of the skin. The present invention further provides one or more kits that are useful for delaying, treating or preventing the consequences of aging on the condition or appearance of the skin.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibition of desulfurization in oligonucleotides comprising one or more phosphorothioate linkages. Antioxidants which partition into the aqueous phase of bi-phasic or multi-phasic topical pharmaceutical formulations inhibit desulfurization of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides, resulting in enhanced oligonucleotide stability.

Abstract: Use of &agr;-lipoic acid for producing cosmetic or dermatological preparations for regenerating stressed skin, in particular aged skin.

Abstract: Provided is a nutraceutical composition including a tripeptoid component, a flavonoid component, guanidine hydrochloride, &agr;-lipoic acid, an amino acid component, a brazilin component, catalase, and, optionally, vitamin E ans selenium. The composition is effective to maintain normal blood sugar levels and normal levels of non-enzymatic protein glycosylation in a human.

Abstract: The compositions and dosage forms of the invention are clinically useful as methods for increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and safety of biguanides (metformin) and/or sulfonylureas in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus, alone or in combination, as a nutrient for humans. The carefully chosen active ingredients of the invention are designed in a modular fashion to prevent and rectify adverse events associated with insulin resistance syndrome and diabetes mellitus, and with the clinical use of biguanides (metformin) and/or the sulfonylureas. These modules are: (1) Mitochondrial Metabolic Group, (2) Plasma and Mitochondrial Membrane Integrity Group, (3) Nocturnal Group and, (4) Insulin Alternative Group. When used in concert with a biguanide, a sulfonylurea or with a combination of both, the invention will broaden the clinical usefulness of these drugs.

Abstract: An ingestible nerve and circulatory nutritional formulation is disclosed, comprising an antioxidant portion, an anti-inflammatory portion, a circulatory enhancement portion, a vasodilator portion, a nerve growth, conduction and regeneration portion, a glycemic control portion, a sorbitol inhibitor portion a lipid reduction portion, a mitochondrial activation portion and a pancreatic stem cell support element portion.

Abstract: Racemic &agr;-lipoic acid or its enantiomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or amides thereof can be administrated parenterally at a rate of 50 to 600 mg of active compound, based on racemic &agr;-lipoic acid, per minute.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for protecting humans in need of such protection from physical damage caused by ionizing radiation comprising administering to said humans on a defined basis prior to and after exposure to such radiation a plurality of antioxidants at a dosage level directly proportional to the radiation level likely to be encountered.

Abstract: The phytoestrogen secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and other beneficial compounds are extracted from oil-free flaxseed meal or flaxseed hulls. The phytoestrogens are extracted by aqueous ethanol solvent, which is then filtered and removed by evaporation to isolate the complexed phytoestrogens. The complexed phytoestrogens are then hydrolyzed with a base to provide uncomplexed phytoestrogens. The uncomplexed phytoestrogens are subsequently freeze dried and stabilized with a vegetable oil. The stabilized phytoestrogens can be formulated into products for consumption.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions to meet the needs of aged pets and other animals. A pet food formulated for senior pets provides &agr;-lipoic acid at about 0.15 to 50 mg/kg body weight/day, carnitine at about 0.5 to 100 mg/kg/day, and optionally coenzyme Q at about 0.01 mg/kg/day and/or creatine at about 15 mg to about 1 g/kg/day. A pet treat for senior pets provides &agr;-lipoic acid at about 0.15 to 50 mg/kg body weight/day, carnitine at about 0.5 to 100 mg/kg/day, and optionally coenzyme Q at about 0.01 mg/kg/day and/or creatine at about 15 mg to about 1 g/kg/day. A pet supplement for mature pets offers &agr;-lipoic acid at about 0.15 to 50 mg/kg body weight/day, carnitine at about 0.5 to 100 mg/kg/day, and optionally coenzyme Q at about 0.01 mg/kg/day and/or creatine at about 15 mg to about 1 g/kg/day.

Abstract: The invention relates to new modifications of the trometamol salt of R-thioctic acid of the formula I, 1

Abstract: The composition comprises (i) one or more ozonised oils and/or one or more synthetic and/or natural ozonised products, and (ii) thioctic acid and/or derivatives thereof, in which each one of the components is found in a concentration lying between 0.01% and 99.99% by weight with respect to the total, and, optionally, one or more active substances, additives, vehicles or excipients. This composition is suitable for the elaboration of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, dietary and food-supplement compositions in human beings and in animals.

Abstract: Drugs intended for absorption in the stomach or upper intestinal tract are administered in oral drug delivery systems in conjunction with any of various substances that have been discovered to function as potent agents for inducing the fed mode. By inducing the onset of the fed mode, these agents cause the stomach to prolong its retention of the drug delivery system, which is either large enough to be retained in the stomach during the fed mode or swells or expands to such a size upon ingestion. The fed mode inducing agents include the following compounds and their salts: glycine and glycylglycine, xylitol and related sugar alcohols, sodium and other metal docusates, &bgr;-casomorphins, &agr;-lipoic acid and similarly structured acids, 2,2-diaryl-4-(4′-aryl-4′-hydroxypipendino)butyramides, arginine, Trp-Trp, alkylpyridinium halides, dihydroxybenzoic acids, and potent sweeteners such as aspartame, aspartic acid, acesulfame, and stevioside.

Abstract: Lipid metabolic disorders, such as hyperlipidemia or hyperlipoproteinemia can be treated by administering to an afflicted individual an effective amount of 5-(1,2-dithiolan-3-yl) valeric acid (&agr;-lipoic acid) or one of its physiologically acceptable salts. Pharmaceutical compositions containing (&agr;-lipoic acid) and methods for making such compositions also are disclosed.

Abstract: Acne is treated or prevented by the topical application of compositions containing an alkanolamine such as dimethylaminoethanol, tyrosine, and a sulfur ingredient such as lipoic acid or glutathione. Adjunct ingredients such as fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid, e.g., ascorbyl palmitate and &agr;-hydroxy acids may be included in the formulations. Compositions of the invention may be used alone, or, in many preferable embodiments, in combination with conventional acne medications such as anti-acne products containing salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, or a retinoid. In these embodiments, alkanolamine compositions of the invention are applied to affected skin areas first, and then a conventional acne medication is applied. This maximizes the efficacy of the treatment while minimizing skin irritation caused by conventional medications.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of food and can be used to obtain food additives, biologically active food additives. The invention discloses the use of vicinal dithioglicol of general chemical formula RCH(SH)CH(SH)R1 as a food additive or a biologically active food additive having the property of binding carbonil compounds present in food products and the human body according to the reaction resulting in the formation of cyclic thioacetal or ketal which are easily removable from the human body as well as able to form complexes with ions of bivalent metals providing a physiologically beneficial effect on the transportation of said ions through sell membranes, on the glycolysis process, on the enzymatic catalysis process, on the catabolism of carbohydrate moiety of amino acids and on thiol-disulfide equilibrium in the metabolism of amino acids. As well as inhibiting undesirable processes in food products and human body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions without added iron and methods for prophylactic nutritional supplementation and therapeutic nutritional supplementation. Specifically, the method involves administering to an individual a composition comprising carotenoids, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, pantothenic acid, cobalamin, magnesium, manganese, zinc, selenium, chromium, copper, alpha lipoic acid, and lutein, wherein the composition is free of added iron.

Abstract: Aging and sagging subcutaneous muscles are treated by first applying a composition containing at least one acetylcholine precursor and/or at least one compound exhibiting catecholamine activity to the overlying skin area, and then electronically stimulating the overlying skin area using electrical pulses in amounts sufficient to cause the subcutaneous muscles to contract. Preferred compositions contain from about 1% to about 10%, more narrowly from about 0.25% to about 5% by weight of an alkanolamine such as dimethylaminoethanol, the calcium salt of 2-aminoethanol phosphate or mixtures thereof and about from about 1% to about 10%, more narrowly from about 1% to 5% by weight of a compound exhibiting catecholamine activity such as tyrosine. Preferred electronic muscle stimulating devices deliver electrical pulses via electrodes in the fingertips of a compact device that fits on the hand.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for promoting a healthy cardiovascular system and enhancing healthy blood flow by gently removing toxic buildup from the arterial walls and dilating and strengthening the arterial walls, in a mammal. The compositions comprise calcium; magnesium; selenium; manganese; zinc; potassium; vitamin E; vitamin A; alpha-lipoic acid; Allium sativum extract; Afecicago satiia extract; Chondrus crispus extract; L-cysteine; L-glutamic acid; glycine; and glutathione.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound containing at least one sulfhydryl group and at least one NO donor group, wherein said compound is a) a compound containing one or more sulfhydryl groups linked to at least one aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring with a nitrogen in the ring structure, which ring is substituted by one or more substituents bearing a terminal —ONO2 group; b) a 5-membered ring heterocyclic compound containing a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom, which ring is substituted by one or more substituents bearing a terminal —ONO2 group; c) a 5-membered ring compound containing two conjugate S-atoms, which ring is linked to one or more substituents bearing a terminal —ONO2 group; or d) a compound containing an acyclic —S—S group, linked to at least one aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring with a nitrogen in the ring structure, which ring is substituted by one or more substituents bearing a terminal —ONO2 group.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement composition for normalizing impaired or deteriorating neurological function in humans is composed of: at least one agent which promotes synthesis of ATP and/or creatine phosphate in the body, at least one antioxidant for scavenging free radicals in at least one pathway in the body; at least one agent for normalizing or maintaining membrane function and structure in the body; at least one agent for normalizing or maintaining normal neurotransmitter function in the body; at least one agent for down-regulating cortisol action; and at least one agent for suppressing activation of apoptotic pathways in the body.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for promoting a healthy cardiovascular system and enhancing healthy blood flow by gently removing toxic buildup from the arterial walls and dilating and strengthening the arterial walls, in a mammal. The compositions comprise calcium; magnesium; selenium; manganese; zinc; potassium; vitamin E; vitamin A; alpha-lipoic acid; Allium sativum extract; Medicago sativa extract; Chondrus crispus extract; L-cysteine; L-glutamic acid; glycine; and glutathione.

Abstract: Methods of preventing, treating, or both preventing and treating CNS injury, disease, neurotoxicity or memory deficit in a subject by the administration of at least one lipoic acid compound to the subject are disclosed. Examples of CNS injuries or disease include traumatic brain injury (TBI), posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE), stroke, cerebral ischemia, neurodegenerative diseases of the brain such as Parkinson's disease, Dementia Pugilistica, Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease, brain injuries secondary to seizures which are induced by radiation, exposure to ionizing or iron plasma, nerve agents, cyanide, toxic concentrations of oxygen, neurotoxicity due to CNS malaria or treatment with anti-malaria agents, and other CNS traumas.

Abstract: Rosacea is treated by application of a composition containing lipoic acid and/or a lipoic acid derivative such as dihydrolipoic acid, a lipoic or dihydrolipoic acid ester, a lipoic or dihydrolipoic acid amide, a lipoic or dihydrolipoic acid salt, and mixtures of any of these. Preferred compositions further comprise &agr;-hydroxy acids or acid derivatives such as glycolic and/or lactic acid. Other embodiments also contain fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid such as ascorbyl palmitate, and/or tocotrienol.

Abstract: A daily multi-vitamin and mineral combination for use in the adjunct care of humans with asthma comprising thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, Vitamin B6, folate, Vitamin B12, biotin, pantothenic acid, choline, inositol, para-amino benzoic acid, Vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, iodine, selenium, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, boron, zinc, potassium, silicon, sulfur, vanadium, citrus bioflavonoid complex, hesperidin complex, rutin, Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, lycopene, lutein, Coenzyme Q10 and N-acetyl cysteine. For adjunct care of humans with diabetes, alpha-lipoic acid is substituted for N-acetyl cysteine and the amount of inositol is increased. A method of supplementing the nutritional intake of humans with diabetes and/or asthma through daily oral administration of the appropriate multi-vitamin and mineral combination.

Abstract: Methods of preventing, treating, or both preventing and treating CNS injury, disease, neurotoxicity or memory deficit in a subject by the administration of at least one lipoic acid compound to the subject are disclosed. Examples of CNS injuries or disease include traumatic brain injury (TBI), posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE), stroke, cerebral ischemia, neurodegenerative diseases of the brain such as Parkinson's disease, Dementia Pugilistica, Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease, brain injuries secondary to seizures which are induced by radiation, exposure to ionizing or iron plasma, nerve agents, cyanide, toxic concentrations of oxygen, neurotoxicity due to CNS malaria or treatment with anti-malaria agents, and other CNS traumas.

Abstract: A formulation based i) on lipoic acid or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and, where appropriate, other active substances, and a formulation base having ii) a binder component and iii) where appropriate other physiologically acceptable excipients is described. Lipoic acid is in the form of a molecular dispersion in these formulations. An advantageous process for their preparation, in particular by melt extrusion, and the use of this formulation for oral administration of lipoic acid are likewise described.

Abstract: Lipoic acid and/or its water soluble salt is used to treat cancer, alone or in combination with ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Alone or in combination, it was shown to be effective on in vitro tumors and mouse tumors. The agents can be administered safely, and have been used effectively in case studies.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for stabilizing oxygen-labile species. More particularly, it relates to compositions containing one or more oil- and/or water-soluble oxygen-labile species and one or more stabilizing elements. It also relates to methods of making such compositions and methods of using such compositions.

Abstract: A companion pet diet meeting ordinary nutritional requirements of the pet and further comprising a sufficient amount of an antioxidant or mixture thereof to inhibit the onset of deterioration of the mental capacity of said companion pet in its aged years.

Abstract: In the 2 &THgr; diffractogram of an enantiomerically pure crystalline (R)- or (S)-lipoic acid, the most intense reflection line in the range from 13° to 30° is that at 2 &THgr;=23°.

Abstract: A companion pet diet meeting ordinary nutritional requirements for an aged pet and further comprising a sufficient amount of antioxidant or mixture thereof, to inhibit the deterioration of the mental capacity of an aged companion pet.

Abstract: The administration of &agr;-lipoic acid (&agr;LA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHL) both as a preventive measure before exposure to conditions which may cause damage, such as rapid changes in atmospheric pressure, and as a means of preventing or ameliorating damage arising from such injury provides benefits not currently available. The active agents may be administered systemically or to the injured tissue. For example, when there is spinal cord injury, the active agents may be administered intrathecally.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fungicidal composition obtained by mixing a 1,2,3-thiadiazole derivative of general formula (I) useful as a plant disease controller with at least one fungicide selected from the compounds having a fungicidal activity against plant diseases, and to a method for using the same: wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl and R2 is CO—Y—R3, wherein Y is O, S, NR4 or the like and R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, 5- or 6-membered heterocycle or the like.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods to treat age-related vision losses. The method comprises administering a combination of a carnitine and an oxidant. Preferably the oxidant is thioctic acid. Preferably 0.12 grams to 3 grams of carnitine (particularly ALC) and 0.12 and 1.5 grams of R-&agr;-lipoic acid are administered. Optionally, coenzyme Q and/or creatine also are administered. Preferably 10 mg to 500 mg/day of coenzyme Q10 and 1 to 30 grams/day of creatine are administered.

Abstract: A companion pet diet meeting ordinary nutritional requirements of the pet and further comprising a sufficient amount of an antioxidant or mixture thereof to inhibit the onset of deterioration of the mental capacity of said companion pet in its aged years.

Abstract: A companion pet diet meeting ordinary nutritional requirements for an aged pet and further comprising a sufficient amount of antioxidant or mixture thereof, to inhibit the deterioration of the mental capacity of an aged companion pet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polypeptides of the MIP (macrophage inflammatory proteins) class for the treatment of diseases involving a pathological change of thrombocytopolesis, especially for the treatment of thrombocytopenia.

Abstract: A compound is provided having the formula I: wherein the variables are defined in the specification. Methods of making the compounds, compositions including the compounds and methods of treatment of conditions involving reactive oxygen species are also provided.