Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that contain magnesium and threonate, or a threonate precursor molecule, formulated for extended or modified release to provide physiological concentrations over a desired time period. The extended release or modified release form is particularly useful in providing Mg to a subject while avoiding adverse side effects such as diarrhea.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of maintaining or improving tactical performance and/or psychomotor performance, wherein the free amino acid beta-alanine, or a salt or ester thereof, is administered to an individual as a human dietary supplement over a period of time in an amount effective to maintain or improve tactical performance and/or psychomotor performance under normally stressful and/or fatiguing high intensity physical activity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stable and safe antioxidant composition which can be used routinely. Specifically disclosed is an antioxidant composition which contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of D-aspartic acid, derivatives and/or salts thereof. The composition may be used for the purpose of suppressing and/or improving skin conditions. The skin conditions may include, but is not limited to, fine wrinkles, a rough skin, a dry skin, a skin cancer, a skin allergy, an inflammation of the skin and a photosensitive dermatosis. The composition may be used for an external preparation for the skin, a food, and a pharmaceutical product for cataract.

Abstract: An aqueous structured surfactant composition comprising water, one or more sulfate free anionic surfactants, one or more hydroxysultaines and one or more amphodiacetates, which is capable of suspending water insoluble or partially water soluble components. A sulfate-free structured liquid surfactant composition for use in personal care formulations allows for high level of vegetable oil and/or fragrance oil in end formula without negatively affecting stability and foam properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions including surfactant peroxycarboxylic acid, methods for making these compositions, and methods for reducing the population of a microorganism.

Abstract: Hydroxytyrosol or olive juice containing hydroxytyrosol in combination with at least one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of: creatine, coenzyme Q10, resveratrol, caffeine, carnitine, B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and/or B12) and ginseng (preferably: root) extract. can be used to maintain or increase mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscles, and liver tissue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a photosensitiser which is 5-ALA or a precursor or derivative thereof (e.g. an ALA ester), in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical product for use in the photodynamic treatment or diagnosis of cancer, an infection associated with cancer, or in the treatment or diagnosis of a non-cancerous condition, wherein said pharmaceutical product is in the form of a solid. The invention also relates to solid pharmaceutical products for use in such methods, e.g. suppositories, pessaries, tablets, pellets and capsules which comprise 5-ALA or a precursor or derivative thereof (e.g. an ALA ester) and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Such products are particularly suitable for use in the photodynamic treatment or diagnosis of cancerous or non-cancerous conditions in the lower part of the gastrointestinal system or in the female reproductive system, e.g. in the treatment or diagnosis of colorectal cancer or cervical cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gastroretentive tablet comprising pregabalin, at least one swellable polymer, and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. It further relates to a process for the preparation of same.

Abstract: Cosmetic compositions comprising calcium citrate and at least one N-acylated aminoalcohol according to formula (I). Provided is a method of treating aged skin, comprising topically applying to the aged skin a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) in an amount effective to provide an anti-ageing effect. The compound of Formula (I) is used to prevent skin and/or to help to maintain or improve moisture retention and/or to fight against the signs of skin ageing. The N-acylated aminoalcohol of formula (I) acts as a ceramidase inhibitor. The combination of at least one compound of formula (I) and calcium citrate stimulates keratinocyte differentiation.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for use for prolonging pregnancy. The methods involve administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a composition that contains a compound which is capable of specifically binding to an alpha2delta subunit of a voltage-gated calcium channel, such as gabapentin, pregabalin, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof The composition is administered such that pregnancy is prolonged to by reducing, stopping, preventing and/or preventing recurrence of preterm labor during a human pregnancy. Also provides are articles of manufacture that have packaging containing one or a combination of compounds that are capable of specifically binding an alpha2delta subunit of a voltage-gated calcium channel. The compound is provided in an amount sufficient for alleviating and/or preventing preterm labor in a pregnant human female.

Abstract: Disclosed are modified release oral tranexamic acid formulations and methods of treatment therewith.

Abstract: Preparation, in-vitro and in vivo characterization of novel forms of (1-hydroxy-2-imidazol-1-yl-1-phosphono-ethyl) phosphonic acid, suitable for pharmaceutical compositions in drug delivery systems for humans.

Abstract: To provide a therapeutic agent and a diagnostic agent for mitochondrial dysfunction brain diseases including cerebral infarction as a representative. A therapeutic agent for a mitochondrial dysfunction brain disease, which comprises (A) ?-aminolevulinic acid represented by the formula (1), a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof and (B) an iron compound in combination. R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3??(1) wherein R1 and R2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group; and R3 represents a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyloxy group, or an amino group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gastroretentive tablet comprising pregabalin, an acrylic acid polymer, one or more swellable polymers, and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. It further relates to a process for the preparation of same.

Abstract: An agent for improving lawn grass quality, which is excellent in promoting dwarfing of lawn grass, making the stem sturdy, increasing the leaf count, and improving greenness, is provided. An agent for improving lawn grass quality containing, as active ingredients, 5-aminolevulinic acid represented by formula (1): R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3??(1) wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; and R3 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyloxy group or an amino group, or a derivative thereof or a salt of the acid or the derivative, and a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor.

Abstract: A method of treating an ocular disorder in a subject includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a primary amine compound of formula: wherein R1 is an aliphatic and/or aromatic compound.

Abstract: Methods and compositions to temporarily delay the ripening, maturation, senescence and pathogen infection of produce such as fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants are provided. The methods involve the application of a photosynthetic pigment and/or membrane stabilizing chemical (e.g. glycine betaine) to produce which is identified as in need of such delay. Application may be prior to harvest, at or during harvest or post-harvest.

Abstract: Present invention provides an aqueous composition made from selected biochemical substances that will help with the low temperature tolerance of plants and thus to avoid “chilling injury” and to promote better recovery from such injury, when the solution is applied to crop plants prior to the arrival of cold snap or period of low temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel derivatives of 4-hydroxybutyric acid and prodrugs thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the foregoing. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of this invention and the use of such compositions in methods of treating narcolepsy, fibromyalgia, other disorders or conditions that are beneficially treated by improving nocturnal sleep or by administering sodium oxybate.

Abstract: Administration of isoleucine, leucine and valine is effective for the prophylaxis and/or therapy of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy or idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated with steroid-induced myopathy that develops during the course of treatment. This method is effective for the prophylaxis and/or therapy of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy or idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated with steroid-induced myopathy that develops during the course of treatment.

Abstract: Described herein are nutritional supplements containing ?-hydroxy-isocaproic acid and aspartic acid (e.g., DAA) and their methods of use in enhancing muscle performance and/or recovery after exercise. The nutritional supplements can be used to enhance muscle building and lean body mass, enhance muscle and physical performance, enhance recovery, and prevent catabolism (muscle atrophy or wasting) when administered to a mammalian subject.

Abstract: There is provided an agent for improving the growth of seedlings, having effects of raising healthy rice seedlings, such as increase of the tillering number, increase of root weight, enhancement of greenness, and increase of stem thickness. An agent for improving the growth of rice seedlings containing, as active ingredients, 5-aminolevulinic acid represented by formula (1), a derivative thereof or a salt of the acid or the derivative, and a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor: R2R1NCH2COCH2CH2COR3??(1) wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; and R3 represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyloxy group or an amino group.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of treating Tourette's Disorder (TD) using GABA ergic drugs that elevate the amount of stored presynaptic GABA and do not significantly increase GABA tone (a continuous background level of GABA signaling) in the brain. The administration of vigabatrin and/or (1S,3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylenyl-1-cyclopentanoic acid hydrochloride salt is expressly contemplated.

Abstract: A method for treating, preventing or reducing the risk of joint destruction in a subject who suffers from a joint or musculoskeletal disease. The method comprises administering a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor or in conjunction with other agents to inhibit degradation and resorption of cartilage and bone in the joint.

Abstract: A composition for the prevention or treatment of type I diabetes in a subject, said composition comprising a GABAergic and incretin exemplified by GABA and GLP-1/Ex4. These are optionally provided together in a single composition to promote beta-cell regeneration prevent beta-cell apoptosis and control autoimmunity for the prevention and treatment of T1D in mammals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the non-therapeutic treatment of poultry for the purpose of reducing the conversion rate of the feed used to raise the poultry. The treatment includes orally administering at least one glycine compound to the poultry, which glycine compound corresponds to the following formula (I) or to a salt thereof: wherein R1 and R2 are independently an alkyl, an alkenyl or a hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 18, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms or wherein R1 and R2 form jointly together with the N atom a heterocyclic 5- or 6-membered ring. The glycine compound is preferably N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG). The invention also relates to the therapeutic and second medical use of that glycine compound to reduce the incidence of ascites, and to a feed for poultry containing an amount of that glycine compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for decreasing photosensitivity induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT). The compositions and methods of the present method employ porphyrin complexing molecules as agents for reducing photosensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition for ameliorating hypoalbuminemia containing a branched-chain amino acid(s) as an active ingredient(s), wherein the composition contains leucine and/or isoleucine as the active ingredient(s) and does not contain valine. As the above branched-chain amino acid(s), leucine and isoleucine are preferably contained. The mass ratio of leucine to isoleucine described above is preferably from 0.1 to 10. As the above branched-chain amino acid(s), either leucine or isoleucine alone may be contained. The present invention is suitably used as an infusion formulation, an oral formulation or a food or drink.

Abstract: A composition effective to relax smooth muscles in an individual in an altered state is described. The composition includes a dosage of GABA or GABA-a analogue, and a dosage of at least one of an ACE inhibitor and an ARB combined with the dosage of GABA or GABA-a analogue into a deliverable form.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of otic disorders with CNS modulating agent compositions and compositions administered locally to an individual afflicted with an otic disorder, through direct application of these compositions and compositions onto or via perfusion into the targeted auris structure(s).

Abstract: Disclosed is a cosmetic or dermatological formulation comprising a) at least one polyol in a concentration of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation, and b) at least one diol selected from 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, pentanediol, and hexanediol, in a concentration of from 0.1 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation.

Abstract: A method for treating side effects of anticancer agent includes administering to a subject in need thereof a prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent containing a therapeutically effective amount of a compound shown by the following Formula (1): R1—NHCH2COCH2CH2COOR2 ??(I) wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an acyl group, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: A method for preventing, treating, or ameliorating pruritus caused by skin, mucosa, or systemic disorder. The method comprises administering to a subject with pruritus or topically applying to an affected area with pruritus an effective amount of a formulation consisting essentially of a phenylbutyric acid or short-chain fatty acid derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, salt or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a low-caloric high-protein nutritional composition for use in the prevention or treatment of a disease or condition in a mammal, which involves muscle decline, as well as to specific low-caloric high-protein nutritional compositions for stimulating muscle protein synthesis in a mammal.

Abstract: A method for ameliorating and/or preventing cancerous anemia includes administering to a subject in need thereof an agent containing 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof. Preferably, these ALAs contain a metal-containing compound, such as sodium ferrous citrate. The above-mentioned ALAs, ALA; various esters such as ALA methylester, ALA ethylester, ALA propylester, ALA butylester, and ALA pentylester; and hydrochlorides, phosphates, and sulfates, and the like of these ALA esters are preferred examples.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for alleviating, relieving, inhibiting, and eliminating acute or chronic pain in a patient suffering from such pain by contacting epithelial tissue of the patient with exogenous GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid). The epithelial tissue involves skin. The GABA is provided in compositions such as water, saline, buffered saline, lotions, semi-solids such as, gels, creams, pastes, salves, ointments, solids such as impregnated patches, impregnated rub-on solid compositions from which GABA may be applied onto the skin.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the use of a combination consisting of D-aspartic and L-aspartic acids or L-aspartic acid used alone to stimulate the procreative activity in the man by increment of spermatozoon number and motility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for reducing the side effects of kinase inhibitors, the agent containing at least one branched-chain amino acid selected from among isoleucine, leucine and valine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and also relates to an anticancer medicine containing at least one branched-chain amino acid selected from among isoleucine, leucine and valine or a salt thereof, and a kinase inhibitor.

Abstract: A method for ameliorating and/or preventing chronic kidney disease includes administering to a subject in need thereof an agent containing 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. Preferably, these ALAs contain a metal-containing compound, such as sodium ferrous citrate. The above-mentioned ALAs, ALA; various esters, such as ALA methylester, ALA ethylester, ALA propylester, ALA butylester, and ALA pentylester; and hydrochlorides, phosphates, and sulfates, and the like of these ALA esters are preferred examples.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of medical nutrition. For example, the present invention provides a composition that can be used to treat, prevent and/or reverse muscle atrophy related to immobilization and its consequences. One embodiment of the present invention concerns a composition comprising a leucine and antioxidants that can be used in accelerating muscle recovery after muscle atrophy.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for promoting graft survival which can suppress rejection without use of existing immunosuppressants, an organ preservation solution capable of maintaining the freshness of an organ excised from a donor, and the like. An agent for promoting graft survival or an organ preservation solution is prepared, which comprises 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or a derivative thereof, or a salt of ALA or the derivative and an iron compound as active ingredients. Preferable examples of the ALAs can include ALA and various esters such as methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, and pentyl ester of ALA, and their hydrochlorides, phosphates, and sulfates. Preferable examples of the iron compound can include sodium ferrous citrate.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to improved process for preparation of (R)(?)-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid (R-CMHA) of the formula (II) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts in the presence of a lewis acid, process for preparation of pregabalin using R-CMHA of the formula (II) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts prepared according to the present invention and process for preparation of pregabalin with low amount of undesired impurity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating pain and pain related conditions by administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a slow release Tapentadol Hydrochloride and therapeutically effective amount of a second analgesic, wherein the second analgesic is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogue. The present invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a slow release Tapentadol Hydrochloride and a therapeutically effective amount of a second analgesic, wherein the second analgesic is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogue.

Abstract: The invention relates to oxadiazole compounds of formula I. The compounds are useful e.g. in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: A method of treating an ocular disorder in a subject includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent that modulates at least one target in a signaling cascade associated with light induced retinal degeneration, aberrant all-trans-retinal accumulation, and/or generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of ischemic heart diseases, comprising as an active ingredient an inhibitor which acts to restrain mononuclear phagocyte system cells from synthesizing or releasing AGE-albumin, which induces the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes upon the onset of the ischemic heart disease. Also, a method is provided for screening an inhibitor against the AGE-albumin synthesis or release of mononuclear phagocyte system cells. Inhibitory or suppressive of AGE-albumin-induced cell death, the pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient an inhibitor against the AGE-albumin synthesis or release of mononuclear phagocyte system cells can be applied to the prevention or treatment of a wide spectrum of ischemic heart diseases including myocardial infarction.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for increasing levels of S-adenosylmethionine within the human body without administering S-adenosylmethionine directly. The method of the invention may be achieved by administering one or more of L-methionine, methylcobalamin, 5-Methyl tetrahydrofolate, betaine, and malic acid, together with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of folic acid, vitamin B12, magnesium, calcium, and other cofactors.

Abstract: Disclosed are modified release oral tranexamic acid formulations and methods of treatment therewith.

Abstract: A process for improving the health of a subject, the process comprising orally administering a composition comprising hydroxytyrosol to the subject to provide the subject with a daily dose of about 0.1 to about 750 ?g hydroxytyrosol per kg of body weight, and a dietary supplement in dosage unit form for oral administration, the dosage unit form comprising a composition containing about 1 microgram to about 50 milligrams hydroxytyrosol or an ester or salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorinated glutamic acid (glutamate) and glutamine derivatives wherein the fluorine atom is 19F. The glutamic acid (glutamate) and glutamine derivatives are compound(s) of general Formula I, which encompasses all possible diastereoisomers and/or enantiomere derivatives or mixtures thereof.