Abstract: Agglomerated nanoparticles including Ti/Sb mixed oxide nanoparticles having a rutile-like crystalline phase content of at least 20 weight percent, wherein the nanoparticles have at least one organic moiety bound to the nanoparticle surface, and wherein the weight ratio of antimony to titanium in the Ti/Sb mixed oxide nanoparticles is in a range of from at least 0.42 up to and including 2.93. The agglomerated nanoparticles are redispersible into a liguid vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a titanium dioxide material for coating on a substrate and method of making the same. The coated material is resistant to delamination and can be used for air-purification purposes.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of titanium oxide particles comprising chloride ion, and a Brønsted base other than chloride ion, preferably at least one kind of ion selected from nitrate ion and phosphate ion. Preferably the titanium oxide particles are predominantly comprised of brookite titanium oxide particles. The aqueous titanium oxide dispersion is prepared by hydrolyzed titanium tetrachloride in the presence of at least one kind of a Brønsted acid. A thin film formed from this aqueous titanium oxide dispersion exhibits good photo-catalytic activity, transparency and adhesion to a base material.

Abstract: Comb polymers are used as dispersants to increase the stability of colloidal suspensions containing multivalent or high concentrations of monovalent ions. Stabilized colloidal suspensions and methods of forming stabilized colloidal suspensions are described, including suspensions containing ceramic precursors or bioactive agents useful in forming ceramic substrates or pharmaceutical compositions, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for making amorphous spherical particles of zirconium titanate and crystalline spherical particles of zirconium titanate comprising the steps of mixing an aqueous solution of zirconium salt and an aqueous solution of titanium salt into a mixed solution having equal moles of zirconium and titanium and having a total salt concentration in the range from 0.01 M to about 0.5 M. A stearic dispersant and an organic solvent is added to the mixed salt solution, subjecting the zirconium salt and the titanium salt in the mixed solution to a coprecipitation reaction forming a solution containing amorphous spherical particles of zirconium titanate wherein the volume ratio of the organic solvent to aqueous part is in the range from 1 to 5. The solution of amorphous spherical particles is incubated in an oven at a temperature ?100° C. for a period of time ?24 hours converting the amorphous particles to fine or ultrafine crystalline spherical particles of zirconium titanate.

Abstract: A perovskite titanium-containing composite oxide particle have a composition represented by general formula (I), where the specific surface area is about 10 to about 200 m2/g, the specific surface area diameter D1 of the primary particles defined by formula (II) is about 10 to about 100 nm, and a D2/D1 ratio of the average particle size D2 of secondary particles to D1 is about 1 to about 10: M(TiO3)??(I) wherein M is at least one of Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb, or Mg D1=6/?S??(II) wherein ? is the density of the particles, and S is the specific surface area of the particles is disclosed. The present invention has a small particle size and excellent dispersion properties, so that the particle is suitable for application to functional materials.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions that include: (a) a cationically active functional group; (b) an initiation system capable of initiating cationic polymerization of the cationically active functional group; and (c) a filler composition that includes various radiopacifying fillers in an amount sufficient to render the polymerizable composition radiopaque. Components (a), (b), and (c) are selected such that the polymerizable composition polymerizes to form a polymerized composition having a Barcol hardness, measured using a GYZJ-935 meter, of at least 10 within 30 minutes following initiation of the cationically active functional group at a reaction temperature of 25° C.

Abstract: Nanometer-sized particles comprise a mixed oxide of titanium and antimony and are characterized by rutile-like crystal phases. The particles are easily prepared by hydrothemal processing, and may be used as colloids, or in various compositions and articles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a ceramic dispersion composition, the method comprising the step of heating a mixture of a ceramic powder having a photocatalytic activity, a dispersant and a solvent at a temperature of about 70° C. or higher without substantially letting the solvent out of the reaction system. The ceramic dispersion composition can be used for providing a film showing a high hydrophilicity by light irradiation.

Abstract: Disclosed are nanocomposites made of guest metal nanoparticles and metal oxide sols made by mixing at least one metal alkoxide, at least one organosilane, at least one boron oxide compound, and a liquid. Also disclosed are dielectric composites containing a dielectric material such as a polymer and the nanocomposites.

Abstract: Methods for sol-gel processing that generally involve mixing together an inorganic metal salt, water, and a water miscible alcohol or other organic solvent, at room temperature with a macromolecular dispersant material, such as hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) added. The resulting homogenous solution is incubated at a desired temperature and time to result in a desired product. The methods enable production of high quality sols and gels at lower temperatures than standard methods. The methods enable production of nanosize sols from inorganic metal salts. The methods offer sol-gel processing from inorganic metal salts.

Abstract: An aqueous titanium oxide-dispersed sol comprising titanium oxide particles dispersed in water, said sol comprising chloride ions in an amount of 50 to 10,000 ppm by weight as the chlorine element. Titanium tetrachloride is hydrolyzed to form an aqueous titanium oxide-dispersed sol and the chloride ion concentration thereof is controlled. Another aqueous titanium oxide-dispersed sol comprising brookite-type titanium oxide particles dispersed in water, said titanium oxide particles having an average particle size of not more than 0.5 &mgr;m and a specific surface area of not less than 20 m2/g. Addition of titanium tetrachloride to hot water at 75 to 100° C. followed by hydrolysis at 75° C. to the boiling point of the mixture.

Abstract: A stable, aqueous composition containing a substantially crosslinked alkali-swellable acrylate copolymer rheology modifier, a surfactant, an alkaline material, and various compounds therein, as for example substantially insoluble materials requiring suspension or stabilization, such as a silicone, an oily material, or a pearlescent material. Additionally, this invention also relates to the formation of a rheologically and phase stable cationic hair dye composition. The invention further relates to the incorporation of an acidic material after the addition of an alkaline material to reduce the pH of the composition without negatively impacting the viscosity of the composition.

Abstract: Nanoparticulate titanium dioxide coating produced by educing flocculates of titanium dioxide nanoparticles from a titanyl sulfate solution and dispersing the nanoparticles in a polar sol-forming medium to make a sol suitable as a coating usable to impart photocatalytic activity, U.V. screening properties, and fire retardency to particles and to surfaces. The photocatalytic material and activity is preferably localized in dispersed concentrated nanoparticles, spots or islands both to save costs and leverage anti-microbial effects.

Abstract: A titania-coated honeycomb catalyst matrix is provided for the ultraviolet-photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants in a flowing fluid. A honeycomb-shaped skeletal structure (12) has a thin, lightweight substrate (18) of metal or ceramic, typically an aluminum alloy, and a surface coating (20) of photocatalyst, such as titania. The photocatalyst (20) is bonded to the substrate (18) via a thin oxide layer (18′) on the substrate. The oxide layer (18′) may be grown on the substrate. The photocatalyst coating (20) is made by mixing (30) titania powder in a TiO2 sol-gel to form a titania slurry. The substrate with oxide layer is coated (30) with the titania slurry and then heat treated (31). The photocatalyst coating (20) is typically applied to substrate sheets (40, 60, 62) preformed for assembly into a honeycomb-shaped skeletal structure (12) having an array of parallel cells (46, 46′).

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of titanium oxide particles comprising chloride ion, and a Brønsted base other than chloride ion, preferably at least one kind of ion selected from nitrate ion and phosphate ion. Preferably the titanium oxide particles are predominantly comprised of brookite titanium oxide particles. The aqueous titanium oxide dispersion is prepared by hydrolyzed titanium tetrachloride in the presence of at least one kind of a Brønsted acid. A thin film formed from this aqueous titanium oxide dispersion exhibits good photo-catalytic activity, transparency and adhesion to a base material.

Abstract: A stable modified metal oxide sol which contains from 2 to 50 wt %, as calculated as metal oxides, of particles (c) comprising colloidal particles (a) of a metal oxide having primary particle diameters of from 2 to 60 nm, as nuclei, and a coating material (b) consisting of colloidal particles of an acidic oxide coated on the surface of the particles (a), and which has primary particle diameters of from 2 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A process for preparing a composition for producing nanostructured mouldings and layers comprises contacting an aqueous and/or alcoholic sol of a compound of an element selected from silicon sand metals of the main groups and transition groups of the Periodic Table with species possessing hydrolysable alkoxy groups and comprising at least one organically modified alkoxysilane or a precondensate derived therefrom, under conditions which lead to (further) hydrolysis of the species, and subsequent removal of the alcohol formed and any alcohol already present originally. The process is characterized in that the alcohol is removed in an amount such that the residual alcohol content of the composition is not more than 20% by weight.

Abstract: The invention provides a process of producing a titanium oxide-forming solution, wherein a hydrogen peroxide solution is added to a titanium-containing starting aqueous solution to form a peroxotitanium complex, a basic substance is then added to the peroxotitanium complex to obtain a solution which is in turn let stand or heated, thereby forming a precipitate of a peroxotitanium hydrate polymer, at least a dissolved component derived from the titanium-containing starting aqueous solution, except water, is then removed from the precipitate, and a hydroxide peroxide solution is finally allowed to act on a dissolved component-free precipitate. The invention also provides a dispersion with titanium oxide dispersed therein.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell including a first substrate having on its surface a first electrode layer having on its surface a semiconductor film on which a photosensitizer is adsorbed, and a second substrate having on its surface a second electrode layer. The first and second substrates are arranged so that the first electrode layer overlaid with the semiconductor film and the second layer are opposite each other with an electrolyte layer disposed therebetween. The electrolyte layer includes an electrolyte and a liquid crystal and at least one of the electrode-layer-having substrates is transparent.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphoric esters of the general formula I where X is 1 or 2; n is from 2 to 18; m and o are each from 2 to 100; k is from 2 to 4; R″ is H or a linear or branched alkyl radical; and R′ is an alkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, or sulfopropyl radical, and to there use as dispersants for pigments and fillers in aqueous or organic media.

Abstract: A neutral titanium dioxide colloid sol having a high stability in a neutral range and capable of forming a colorless transparent coating even when dried at room temperature is produced by mixing an acid titanium dioxide sol comprising 50 to 100 parts by weight of titanium dioxide colloidal particles and 5 to 50 parts by weight of a chelating agent for titanium ions with 1 to 50 parts by weight of an alkaline substance comprising at least one of alkali metal compounds and amine compounds, and optionally by adjusting the pH value of the liquid mixture to 5 to 10, or adjusting the pH value of the liquid mixture to 6 to 10, and then applying a deionization treatment to the mixture to thereby charge the titanium dioxide colloidal particles with negative electricity.

Abstract: A zirconia sol comprising an aqueous phase having dispersed therein a plurality of single crystal zirconia particles having an average primary particle size less than about 20 nm. The zirconia sols are substantially non associated having a dispersion index ranging from about 1-3 and are highly crystalline exhibiting a crystallinity index of about 0.65 or greater. Of the crystalline phase, about 70% or greater exists in combined cubic and tetragonal crystal lattice structures without a crystal phase stabilizer. Also described is a hydrothermal method of making zirconia sols having substantially non-associated zirconia particles and composite materials made from the zirconia sols.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel modified stannic oxide—zirconium oxide complex sol and a preparation method thereof, particularly a stable sol which contains 2-50% by weight of total metal oxides comprising modified colloidal particles of a stannic oxide—zirconium oxide complex having a particle diameter having 4.5-60 nm, wherein the particles are formed by coating complex colloidal particles of a stannic oxide—zirconium oxide having a bonded structure of stannic oxide colloidal particles and zirconium oxide colloidal particles at a ZrO2/SnO2 ratio of 0.02-1.0 based on weights of these oxides and having a particle diameter of 4-50 nm as nuclei, with colloidal particles of a tungsten oxide—stannic oxide—silicon dioxide complex having such a constitution that a WO3/SnO2 weight ratio is 0.1-100, that a SiO2/SnO2 weight ratio is 0.1-100 and having a particle diameter of 2-7 nm, and preparation method thereof.

Abstract: An aqueous titanium oxide-dispersed sol comprising titanium oxide particles dispersed in water, said sol comprising chloride ions in an amount of 50 to 10,000 ppm by weight as the chlorine element. Titanium tetrachloride is hydrolyzed to form an aqueous titanium oxide-dispersed sol and the chloride ion concentration thereof is controlled. Another aqueous titanium oxide-dispersed sol comprising brookite-type titanium oxide particles dispersed in water, said titanium oxide particles having an average particle size of not more than 0.5 &mgr;m and a specific surface area of not less than 20 m2/g. Addition of titanium tetrachloride to hot water at 75 to 100° C. followed by hydrolysis at 75° C. to the boiling point of the mixture.

Abstract: A process to purify and classify a dispersion containing stabilized particles having counterions and ions as well as free species is disclosed. The solution may comprise an aqueous media, a solvent media, or a combination of both and can include more than one type of aqueous and/or solvent solutions. The process includes at least the steps, in any order, of substantially removing the particles having sizes above about 1 micron, preferably above 0.5 micron; substantially removing the free species; and exchanging at least a portion of the counterions that are a part of the stabilized particles. The process disclosed is especially useful in purifying dispersions where the ionic stabilized colloidal particles are carbon black having attached organic groups comprising at least one ionic group, or at least one ionizable group, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An optical element having, on an optical substrate, a cured film formed of a coating agent containing (A) modified stannic oxide-zirconium oxide composite colloid particles as prepared by coating at least a part of the surfaces of stannic oxide-zirconium oxide composite colloid particles with stannic oxide-tungsten oxide-silicon oxide composite colloid particles, and (B) an organosilicon compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing titanium oxide (TiO2)-tin oxide (SnO2) composite sol, a titanium oxide (TiO2)-zirconium oxide (ZrO2)-tin oxide (SnO2) composite sol, and a titanium oxide (TiO2)-cerium oxide (CeO2)-tin oxide (SnO2) composite sol. Further, the present invention relates to a coating composition containing any of the above-mentioned composite sols for forming coating films that are excellent in marring resistance, surface hardness, wearing resistance, transparency, heat resistance, light-resistant, weatherability, or water resistance on optical elements such as lenses for glasses and cameras, automotive windowpane, or optical filters attached to liquid-crystal displays, plasma displays, etc. and to optical elements having a cured film of the coating composition on the surfaces.

Abstract: A surfactant composition useful in soil remediation comprising compounds having the structure: 1

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to metal oxide sols comprising a liquid and a polycondensation product of about 2 to about 5,000 monomers of a partially hydrolyzed chelated metal oxide precursor. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for making a metal oxide sol comprising contacting a metal oxide precursor with a multifunctional compound in a liquid to provide a chelated metal oxide precursor; contacting the chelated metal oxide precursor with a hydrolyzing agent to provide partially hydrolyzed chelated metal oxide precursor monomers; and permitting the partially hydrolyzed chelated metal oxide precursor monomers to polycondense thereby forming a metal oxide sol.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous dispersion slurry of inorganic particles which is so stable as not to increase in viscosity, gel or sediment even if stored for a long time and therefore can be used as raw materials for, for example, cosmetics, paint, coating materials and lapping slurry for semiconductor wafers, and production method of such aqueous dispersion slurry. The aqueous dispersion slurry according to the present invention has the number of particles whose a particle diameter of 1.3 .mu.m or more is 180,000 or less per mL in terms of 30 wt % in concentration, and the average particle diameter thereof is in a range of 0.05-0.9 .mu.m. The number of particles having aparticle diameter of 1.3 .mu.m or more is counted by using Particle Sensor KS-60, which is a light extinction type sensor for detecting particles, and Particle Counter KL-11, which is a particle counter, both of which made by the same manufacturer, Rion Electro Corp.

Abstract: In a fine particle producing device, particles of a substance contained in a fluid are caused to collide with each other under extremely high pressure, whereby the particles are emulsified, dispersed or reduced to finer particles in the fluid in an instant. One of the blocks mounted in a cylindrical sealed casing has a pair of curved channel portions for guiding converging high-speed fluid streams and a turbulence pocket formed at a position where the curved channel portions are joined for temporarily holding fluid turbulence caused by collision of the high-speed fluid streams.

Abstract: The present invention provides production methods for aqueous dispersion slurry of inorganic particles which are so stable as not to increase in viscosity, gel or sediment even if stored for a long time and whose average particle diameter is 0.01 to 2 .mu.m. As such production method, 2 production methods are available:A production method (A) having a preliminary dispersion process in which the inorganic particles are added to ad dispersed in an aqueous medium and a main dispersion process in which dispersed slurry out of the preliminary dispersion process are collided with each other under a pressure of 100 to 3,000 kg/cm.sup.2 ; andA production method (B) in which the inorganic particles are added to an aqueous medium within a kneading tank of a kneader in which mixing blades rotate around respective subsidiary spindles and the subsidiary spindles revolves around a spindle and dispersed at a solid concentration of 30 to 70 wt %.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphoric esters of the general formula I where X is 1 or 2; n is from 2 to 18; m and o are each from 2 to 100; k is from 2 to 4; R? is H or a linear or branched alkyl radical; and R? is an alkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, or sulfopropyl radical, and to there use as dispersants for pigments and fillers in aqueous or organic media.