Abstract: Inorganic organic flame-retardant polyols are produced by mixing and chemically reacting an epoxy compound with a compound containing reative hydrogens and acidic boron compound in the presence of an epoxy catalyst. These polyols may be utilized to produce polyester resinous products, polyamide resinous products and polyurethane solid and foamed products which may be utilized as coating agents, adhesives, sound and thermal insulation and molding agents.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate Rigid Foams having improved fire resistance and smoke emission characteristics can be achieved by employing high isocyanurate index (e.g., at least 500) together with a high relative amount of the polyisocyanurate in the foam formulation. Trimerization catalysts can be employed to prepare the polyisocyanurate foam.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of modified polyisocyanates containing uretdione and isocyanurate groups by the oligomerization of a portion of the isocyanate groups of organic diisocyanates containing (cyclo)aliphatically-bound isocyanate groups in the presence of organic phosphines of catalysts followed by termination of the oligomerization reaction at the desired degree of oligomerization by the addition of a catalyst poison and removal, by distillation, of at least a portion of the excess, unreacted starting diisocyanate, characterized in that(a) about 0.1 to 10% of the isocyanate groups present in the starting diisocyanate are converted into urethane groups by the addition of at least one alcohol before and/or during the oligomerization reaction, and(b) the distillation residue obtained after removal of the excess starting diisocyanate is heated to temperatures of at least 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of shock attenuating, low rebound polyurethanes in which polyols are reacted with polyisocyanates having a functionality of at least 2.3 at an isocyanate index of from about 65 to about 90.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the obtention of a rigid polyurethane compound, cellular or micro-cellular, reinforced or not, having a density ranging from 0.20 to 1.30 g/cm.sup.3 ; the formation of this compound happens through the mixing of a resin composed of a mixture of polyether and polyester polyols aminated or not, having a molecular weight ranging from 100 to 5000, employed at 5 to 100 parts by weight; surfactant based on dimethylpolysiloxane, employed at 0.1 to 5 parts by weight; amine catalysts of the tetramethylethylenediamine and dimethylcyclohexylamine type employed at 0.

Abstract: A flexible highly elastical polyurethane foam having a density ranging between 25 and 150 kg/m.sup.3 and a relatively high fire resistance obtained by the reaction of an isocyanate and/or a chemically modified derivate thereof with a highly molecular reactive polyol in presence of a catalytic agent, of a cross-linker, and/or an extender, of water as blast means and of a fire retardant, characterized in that said fire retardant comprises at least one of the following components: (1) linear urea-formol oligomer mixture having the general formula NH.sub.2 --CO--NH--[CH.sub.2 --NH--CO--NH].sub.n --CH.sub.2 --NH--CO--NH.sub.

Abstract: Polyether flexible urethane foams are rendered flame laminatable by use of a combination of an organophosphorus additive to confer flame laminatable properties on the foam and a polyalkylene glycol additive to improve the flame laminatable properties. A halogenated flame retardant is preferably also contained in the foam.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a special class of sulfonic and phosphonic acids, and salts of the acids, to give improved nucleation for foam extrusion of thermoplastics using either dissolved gas or chemical blowing agents to produce foam.

Abstract: Flame-retardant polyols are produced by chemically reacting an epoxy compound, a phosphorus-containing compound and a compound containing 1 or more active hydrogens to produce a phosphorus-containing polyol with acid radicals which are reacted with an alkali compound. The flame-retardant polyol will react with polyisocyanates to produce solid or foamed products which may be used as coating agents, adhesive or for insulation.

Abstract: Fluid polymer polyol dispersions which impart improved fire resistance to polyurethane foam. The fluid polymer polyol dispersions are prepared by grafting one or more monomers onto a polyol backbone with the difference that the grafting takes place in the presence of a flame retardant. During the grafting process the flame retardant is incorporated into the fluid polymer polyol dispersion. When such fluid polymer polyol dispersions are used, the fire resistance of the final polyurethane foam is improved relative to cases where a conventional fluid polymer polyol dispersion and a flame retardant are added separately to the polyurethane foam formulation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of isocyanurate group-containing polyisocyanates by trimerizing a portion of the isocyanate groups of an organic polyisocyanate and terminating the trimerization reaction by the addition of a catalyst poison, characterized in that the trimerization catalyst used is a quaternary phosphonium salt of a tertiary phosphine and an alkylating ester of an acid of phosphorus. The present invention also relates to the use of the polyisocyanates obtained according to this process, optionally, in a form that has been freed from excess starting polyisoyanate and/or optionally blocked with blocking agents for isocyanate groups as the isocyanate component for the preparation of polyisocyanate polyaddition products, preferably polyurethanes.

Abstract: The invention relates to organomineral products of high strength obtainable by reacting a polyisocyanate in an aqueous alkali silicate solution in the presence of a catalyst prompting the trimerization of the polyisocyanate. In preparing them, the catalyst is used in an amount of 5.5 to 14.5 mmole per mole of NCO groups in the reaction mixture. The organomineral products of the invention are suitable as construction, coating, sealing or insulating materials or as putty or adhesives.

Abstract: Molded articles are produced in a two-stage process. In the first stage, an organic polyisocyanate is reacted with an organic compound containing at least two epoxide groups (NCO: epoxide equivalent ratio of 1.2:1 to 500:1) in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst. This reaction is stopped when no more than 65% of the isocyanate groups have reacted by adding an alkylating sulfonic acid alkyl ester of methyl iodide and/or of dimethyl sulfate in an amount equivalent to the amount of tertiary amine catalyst present. A latent catalyst capable of being activated by heat is subsequently added to the intermediate product and the resultant mixture is heated in a mold to complete the crosslinking of the intermediate product and to form the molded article.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of waterproof, fine-cell polyurethane elastomers having a density of about 300 to 800 kg/m.sup.3 by reacting(a) organic polyisocyanates,(b) polyhydroxyl compounds having a molecular weight of about 400 to about 8000,(c) water and, optionally,(d) organic chain-extending agents containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of 32 to 399,the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to NCO-reactive groups in the overall formulation being about 0.90:1 to 1.20:1, characterized in that polysiloxane ionomers are added to the water/crosslinker component in concentrations of about 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the reaction mixture as a whole.

Abstract: Flame-retardant polyurethane products are produced by mixing and reacting a basic salt-forming compound with an acidic salt-forming compound containing phosphorus and/or halogen compounds in a polyol and/or a polyisocyanate, then reacting the polyol and polyisocyanate.The flame-retardant polyurethane products may be used for thermal and sound insulation, as a coating agent, as an adhesive. for caulking, for cushioning and for molding useful objects.

Abstract: A porous or non-porous intumescent mass comprising one or more carbonization auxiliaries, one or more fillers and optionally one or more other auxiliary agents, produced by the reaction of a polyisocyanate with an isocyanate reactive compound, optionally containing phosphorus or boron, in the presence of polyepoxide. The intumescent mass according to the invention having good fire characteristics and can be used to produce structural elements for fire resistance purposes, fire barriers, textile coatings, linings, laminates and pipe insulators.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a polyamideimide semi-flexible foam wherein a foam precursor is first prepared by heating together a mixture of an organic polyisocyanate, an aromatic polycarboxylic compound and a catalyst comprising a cyclic phosphorus compound, optionally in the presence of a surfactant until at least about 45 percent of the theoretical carbon dioxide has been evolved. The solidified precursor is comminuted and then heated to complete the reaction producing polyamideimide foam.

Abstract: A thermosetting reactive resin mixture is made from an organic polyisocyanate, a polyepoxide and a heat activatable catalyst. The catalyst is a tertiary or quaternary ammonium salt of an alkylating or acidic ester of an organic phosphonic acid or of phosphoric acid. The polyisocyanate and polyepoxide are used in quantities such that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to epoxide groups is from 1.2:1 to 70:1. These mixtures may be heated to produce plastics having excellent heat resistance, moisture and abrasion resistance, low dielectric losses and excellent molding properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reactive fire-protective formulation containing halogen and phosphorous compounds for polyurethane rigid foam materials and a process for the preparation thereof. The formulation consists of a liquid homogeneous mixture of a polyether-polyol based on an aromatic amine or sorbitol or tetrol or a mixture thereof, a neopentane containing bromo and hydroxy groups and a compound containing phosphorus and nitrogen and is particularly suitable for the preparation of preformulated polyurethane systems (component A).

Abstract: A method for improving a production characteristic of flame-retardant polyurethanes. The characteristic may be selected from the group consisting of(1) processability;(2) scorch;(3) odor; and(4) flame-retardant efficiency.The method comprises incorporation into a polyurethane an amount effective to reduce combustibility of a haloether phosphorate flame-retardant under conditions sufficient to improve said characteristic. Also, the flame-retardant polyurethane composition such as prepared by said method. Preferably, the polyurethane is a foam, especially a flexible foam and most especially flexible slabstock foam.

Abstract: This invention relates to flame retardant phenol aldehyde foams which have a k value below 0.020 W/mk. The foams have as flame retardants a blend of a halosubstituted diphenyl oxide and an organic phosphorus compound. The feature of the invention is that unlike conventional flame retardants, the blend now used does not adversely affect the low k value i.e. the low thermal conductivity of the foam.

Abstract: The invention provides salts of methyl phosphonic acid and its mono- or di-methyl ester with certain amines. The salts are useful flame retardant additives for polyurethanes and polyisocyanurates.

Abstract: Polyether urethane foams that are heat laminatable are prepared by incorporating within the foam an effective amount of an organophosphorus additive. This organophosphorus additive can be an organophosphite, an organophosphonate, an organophosphate, and a mixture thereof. This foam can also include an halogenated flame retardant.

Abstract: Polyether urethane foams that are heat laminatable are prepared by incorporating within the foam an effective amount of an organophosphorus additive. This organophosphorus additive can be an organophosphite, an organophosphonate, an organophosphate, and a mixture thereof. This foam can also include an halogenated flame retardant.

Abstract: Flame retardant isocyanate addition products are made by reacting an isocyanate with a compound selected from the group consisting of 1-phosphonoethane-2-carboxylic acid-tri-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl esters, 1-phosphonopropane-2-carboxylic acid-tri-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl esters and mixtures thereof. Known isocyanate-reactive compounds, blowing agents, catalysts, additives and auxiliary agents may optionally be included in the reaction mixture. These flame retardant products are useful in construction applications such as insulation panels for roof insulation.

Abstract: Fire retardant flexible polyurethane foams are prepared with reduced scorch and discoloration by the addition of a stabilizing amount of from about 1 to about 12 parts by weight of a cyclic alkylene carbonate to the formulation, based on the weight of the polyether polyol employed, without affecting the fire retardancy of the foam product.

Abstract: Polyether urethane foams that are heat laminatable are prepared by incorporating within the foam an effective amount of an organophosphorus additive. This organophosphorus additive can be an organophosphite, an organophosphonate, an organophosphate, and a mixture thereof. This foam can also include an halogenated flame retardant.

Abstract: The invention is phosphono-s-triazines corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein: X is separately in each occurrence chlorine, bromine, haloalkyl or alkyl;Y is separately in each occurrence hydrogen, chlorine or bromine;R is separately in each occurrence hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, CH.sub.2 Y, CH.sub.2 OH or CH.sub.2 OC(R.sup.1).sub.3 wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl;a is an integer from 0 to 2 inclusive; andb is an integer from 1 to 3 inclusive, with the proviso that the sum of a and b equal 3, and with the further proviso that at least one R is CH.sub.2 OH or CH.sub.2 OC(R.sup.1).sub.3.

Abstract: The invention is phosphorus compounds containing .alpha.-halo hydroxyalkyl or .alpha.-halo t-alkoxyalkyl groups corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein R independently in each occurrence is alkylene, haloalkylene, alkenylene, haloalkenylene, phenylene, diphenylene, halophenylene, dihalophenylene, and oxyalkylene;R.sup.1 independently in each occurrence is hydrogen, CH.sub.2 OR.sup.3, CH.sub.2 OH, haloalkyl, phenyl, halophenyl or methyl phenoxy;R.sup.2 independently in each occurrence is haloalkyl, phenyl, haloaryl or alkyl;R.sup.3 independently in each occurrence is t-alkyl;X independently in each occurrence is bromine or chlorine;a is independently in each occurrence 1 or 2; andb is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1,with the proviso that at least one R.sup.1 is CH.sub.2 OR.sup.3 or CH.sub.2 OH.

Abstract: Flame retarded polyacrylimide or polymethacrylimide resin foams containing at least 70 percent by weight of cyclic acrylimide or methacrylimide units and incorporating at least 1 percent by weight of phosphorus, present at least partially in the form of a phosphorus compound, XCH.sub.2 --PO(OR).sub.2, wherein R is methyl, ethyl, or chloromethyl, and X is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, or RO--CO--.

Abstract: Rigid, closed-cell, flame-resistant polyurethane foams are produced by reacting a polyol mixture with a polyphenyl-polymethylene-polyisocyanate in the present of a catalyst system. The polyol mixture includes: (1) from 25 to 43 wt % flame proofing agent, (2) from 5 to 50 wt % sucrose polyether having an OH number of from 350 to 550, (3) from 0 to 30 wt % amine initiated polyethers having an OH number of from 400 to 800, (4) from 0 to 30 wt % other polyether or polyester having an OH number of from 150 to 600, (5) from 4 to 13 wt % glycerol, (6) from 0.5 to 3 wt % silicone stabilizer and (7) from 0.05 to 1.5 wt % water. The catalyst system is made up of at least two components selected from tertiary amines, alkali metal carboxylates, quaternary ammonium carboxylates and organic tin compounds. The reactants are employed in quantities such that the NCO to OH equivalent ratio is from 1.07 to 1.45 (the isocyanate-index is from 1.07 to 1.45).

Abstract: A polyurethane elastomer product formed by curing a mixture of an NCO terminated urethane prepolymer and a polyhydroxyalkylphosphine oxide. The polyhydroxyalkyl phosphine curative is a compound of the class having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is alkylene of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is alkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 2 to 3. Exemplary polyhydroxyalkyl phosphine curatives are (HOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.2 P(O)--C.sub.4 H.sub.9 --sec. and (HOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.3 P(O).

Abstract: The present invention relates to optionally foamed intumescent masses obtained by reacting(1) polyisocyanates with a mixture containing(2) polyethers having an average OH number of from about 150 to 500 and obtained by the chemical addition of alkylene oxides having an ethylene oxide content of from about 50 to 100% by weight to low molecular weight starters, and/or(3) hydroxyl polyesters having an OH number of from about 100 to 350 obtained by the reaction of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic and aromatic polycarboxylic acids having 2 to 10 carbon atoms with at least two polyols selected from two different groups of the three following groups:(a) hydroxyl compounds with a molecular weight of up to about 200 having more than three OH groups,(b) hydroxyl groups with a molecular weight of up to about 150 having three OH groups, and(c) hydroxyl compounds with a molecular weight of up to about 80 having two OH groups, wherein one of the polyols belongs to group (a), and(4) a phosphate of the melamine phospha

Abstract: Non-burning, non-dripping instant set microcellular polyurethanes involving an isocyanate-terminated reaction product of polyisocyanate with low molecular weight polyether polyol or polyol blends in the presence of other ingredients such as inert liquids with boiling points above about 150.degree. Celsius and accelerating agents for urethane formation. Specifically, this invention provides an improved mode for flame retarding polyurethane compositions by incorporating a mixture of dibromoneopentyl glycol (DBNG) or its esters and a non-reactive flame retardant plasticizer when dissolved or dispersed into the urethane polymer. Molecular sieves are included, which enhance char formation. The compositions have applications with stringent fire retardancy standards, such as electrical insulators, industrial housings, annular spacers, decorative objects, furniture or furniture components, gear and machine components, agricultural components and other related areas.

Abstract: Reaction products of certain tertiary phosphines, alkylene oxides, and carboxylic acids have been found to be effective catalysts for the preparation of rigid and flexible foams characterized by isocyanurate and/or urethane linkages.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam can be made from waste cellulosic products such as papermill sludge, wood chips, wood particles, sawdust, waste paper or cardboard scraps. The polyurethane foam is made by reacting together a polyisocyanate, a catalyst, and a cellulosic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate groups by the trimerization of a proportion of the isocyanate groups of organic polyisocyanates and termination of the trimerization reaction by the addition of a catalyst poison, characterized in that the trimerization catalysts employed are quaternary ammonium salts based on the reaction product of tertiary amines and esters of acids of phosphorus which have an alkylating action. The invention also relates to the use of the polyisocyanates with isocyanurate groups obtainable by this process, optionally in a form freed from excess starting polyisocyanates and/or optionally in a form in which the isocyanate groups are blocked with blocking agents, as isocyanate components for the preparation of isocyanate-polyaddition products, especially polyurethanes.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams prepared with halogenated phosphoric acid flame retardant have low scorch and surface discoloration when prepared in the presence of a composition containing phenothiazine, 4,4'-thio-bis-(6-tertiary butyl meta cresol), and organophosphite.

Abstract: Reaction products are prepared from metal oxides and salts and phosphorus compounds containing trivalent phosphorus. The reaction products are useful as flame retardants and smoke suppressants.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyurethane foams capable of being welded by high frequency welding and a process for producing the same, characterized by the addition of certain ammonium salts of acids containing phosphorus to the starting components for the polyurethane foam in order that the polyurethane starting materials and the polyurethanes contain from 0.1 to 10%, by weight, of ammonium salts of phosphorus-containing acids. Phosphorus-containing ammonium salts which are available in the liquid form and completely soluble in polyols are particularly suitable with salts of phosphoric acid mono- and dibutyl esters, dialkyl phosphinic acids, alkyl phosphonic acids and alkyl phosphonic acid monomethyl esters being preferred. The addition of these acids significantly increases the dielectric loss factor of thermoplastic polyurethane foams and, therefore, also considerably increases their capacity for being welded by high frequency welding.

Abstract: A process and a foam produced therefrom are disclosed in which multi-functional isocyanate, water, a catalytic amount of a urea polymerization catalyst, and a catalytic amount of an isocyanurate polymerization catalyst are reacted to form a rigid, closed cell, urea-modified polyisocyanurate foam suitable for use for retrofitting wall cavities with insulating material. The urea polymerization catalyst and the isocyanurate polymerization catalyst are present in the reaction mixture in relationship to the multi-functional isocyanate and water in amounts so as to produce a foam setting after substantially complete rising thereof. Activator compositions for preparing such foams are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprises polyurethane, a two-component flame retardant system consisting of an additive first flame retardant containing organophosphorus, and a second flame retardant containing organochlorine or organobromine.The composition of the invention may be employed for polyurethane foams, especially rigid foams.Diminished combustibility for rigid foam is measured by a flame-spread index less than 75 and a smoke developed index less than 450 when subjected to ASTM Test E-84, Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.Dimethyl methylphosphonate is a representative additive organophosphorus first flame retardant. Trichloroisopropyl alcohol is a representative second flame retardant containing organochlorine.

Abstract: The addition of a small amount of a halogen compound, e.g. chloroethyl phosphate, in a process producing elastomeric polyurethane RIM parts using tertiary amines as the chief catalyst component results in scavenging the residual amines after the part has been cured by annealing. The parts from such a process can be coated with a wide variety of enamels having a high solids content and completely cured to result in a higher degree of adhesive between the coating and the part's surface than those parts from a process without the use of such a halogen.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing a microcellular foam with improved green strength properties comprising the step of reacting an organic polyisocyanate with polyalkylene ether polyol and from 1 to about 35 parts (by weight, per hundred parts of said polyol) of a chain extender in the presence of from about 0.1 to about 10.0 parts (by weight, per hundred parts of said polyol) of a compound selected from the group consisting of: ##STR1## wherein: (a) said polyol has an average functionality of from about 2 to about 8 and an average equivalent weight of from about 1000 to about 2700, and from about 0.8 to about 1.2 equivalents of said polyol are reacted per equivalent of isocyanate;(b) R is a divalent alkylene radical containing from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; and(c) R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyalkyl containing from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and from about 1 to about 2 hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: A process of producing a modified polyester foam having a density of 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for the production of stiff and self-supporting expanded materials, the composition being based on an unsaturated polyester resin, an isocyanate and a filler, preferably an inert silicate material, with or without other fillers such as cork and ash, said composition having improved expandibility features and being especially useful for the production of stiff, expanded, and noncrumbling materials. These materials are especially useful for self-supporting structures such as doors and wall partitions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to foams made of resol-type phenolic resins which do not discolor as quickly as prior-art phenolic foams. With the additive in accordance with the invention, even colored foams will not darken as readily. The foams in accordance with the invention contain as stabilizers salts of phosphinic acid or phosphonic acid, such as the primary alkali phosphites or the alkali phosphinates. The stabilizers, which protect the foams against the action of light and/or air and/or heat, are used in amounts ranging from 0.1 to 5 weight percent. The present invention further relates to methods of preparing such foams. In a preferred method, the stabilizers are admixed with an expandable resol-type phenolic resin, the mixture so obtained is mixed with the other substances necessary to formation of a foam, and the whole mixture is then foamed conventionally.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for producing flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams having a porosity generally in the range between 0.5 and 10 cubic feet per minute. A polyol having an average molecular weight between about 250 and about 6,500, preferably about 3,500 to 6,500, is reacted with a polyisocyanate, such as toluene diisocyanate, which comprises a mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate isomers. The formulation of the present invention includes a flame retardant mixture of a plasticizer and dibromoneopentyl glycol. The plasticizer is either a halogented phosphonate or halogenated phosphate ester. Chlorine is the preferred halogen atom. The weight ratio of those ingredients is between about 20/80 and about 90/10. The concentration of that mixture is in excess of about 20 to about 60 percent by weight of the polyol.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of an inorganic-organic foam composition comprising reacting an organic, nonionic hydrophilic polyisocyanate with an aqueous alkali metal silicate in the presence of a catalyst and a blowing agent, the improvement wherein said aqueous alkali metal silicate contains from 0.1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the aqueous alkali metal silicate, of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is selected from the group consisting of N, P and S, wherein R, R', R" and R'" may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of allyl, vinyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.17 alkyl or mono- or polyhydroxy substituted alkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl or mono- or polyhydroxy substituted aryl, C.sub.7 to C.sub.22 aralkyl or mono- or polyhydroxy substituted aralkyl, and C.sub.7 to C.sub.

Abstract: A low reactive pressure flame-retardant polyurethane foam made by reacting together a polymeric isocyanate, a polyol, an aqueous solution of a carbohydrate, calcium acid phosphate, sodium aluminum sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, and a flame retardant. A blowing agent may be present.