Abstract: The invention relates to reaction injection molded elastomers containing a major amount of polyurea linkages derived from high molecular weight amine terminated polyethers, an aromatic diamine chain extender and a polyisocyanate. The reaction injection molded (RIM) elastomers of this invention are useful, for example, as automobile body parts.

Abstract: A method of forming a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer comprising the steps of reacting an isocyanate compound to a hydrophilic polyether or polyester compound which has been heated to such a temperature that the temperature of the reactants after addition of isocyanate is at least as high as about 120.degree. C. The resulting urethane prepolymer may be reacted with water to form a cellular urethane polymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrophilic, urethane-forming compositions and a method of forming polyurethanes having low residual, potentially carcinogenic, aromatic amines by adding scavengers comprising polyols end-capped with aliphatic polyisocyanates.

Abstract: The invention relates to reaction injection molded elastomers containing a major amount of polyurea linkages derived from high molecular weight amine terminated polyethers, an aromatic diamine chain extender and a polyisocyanate. The reaction injection molded (RIM) elastomers of this invention are useful, for example, as automobile body parts.

Abstract: An oxyalkylated product useful for making polyurethane foams is prepared by reacting an alkylene oxide with a heated mixture of a phenol and a non-phenolic active hydrogen compound, at least one of which can be halogenated, in the presence of a catalyst complex of a phenol and an iron or aluminum substance. The mixture can also include a neutral phosphorus compound and/or acid anhydrides to enhance flame retardant properties. Optionally, also, the oxyalkylation reaction can be terminated by adding a tri (lower alkyl) amine and alkylene oxide to react with residual phenolic hydrogen in the mixture.

Abstract: Polyurethanes prepared from the reaction of hydroxymethyl polyols and polyisocyanates are disclosed.

Abstract: A compound having a terminal isocyanate group is hydrolyzed to produce a polyamine having a urethane and/or a urea and/or a biuret group. More particularly, a carbamate is made by mixing an isocyanate prepolymer having urethane and/or urea and/or biuret groups present with aqueous base solutions at a temperature of from 0.degree. to 0.degree. C. and in quantities such that the equivalent ratio of hydroxyl to isocyanate groups is between from 0,3:1 to .gtoreq.1,01 to 1. The carbamate is then treated with an acid ion exchanger to form an amine. The amine is then removed from any other material which may be present. A preferred polyamine thus-produced corresponds to the general formula: ##STR1## in which each R radical may represent a divalent straight or branched- chain aliphatic radical; a divalent cycloaliphatic radical; a 4,4'- and/or a 2,4'-dicyclohexylmethane radical; or a 2,4- and/or 2,6-methyl cyclohexane radical.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat-curable coating composition, comprising:(A) a prepolymer with ketoxime-blocked NCO groups, which are linked to the prepolymer via cycloaliphatic and/or aliphatic groups,(B) a diamine cross linker,(C) organic solvents in an amount of 0 to 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of the coating composition,(D) optionally pigments, fillers, blowing agents and other known additives.The equivalence ratio of blocked NCO groups of component (A) to NH.sub.2 groups of component (B) lies between 1.3:1 and 0.75:1. The invention also relates to processes for its application and its use. The composition has a long shelf life and is advantageously used as an impact resistive coating on metal substrates such as automobile parts.

Abstract: The invention is a method of making a molded reaction injection molded elastomer which will release from its mold without the presence of externally applied mold release agents. The reaction injection molded (RIM) elastomer is made by injecting exactly two streams via a RIM machine into a mold cavity of the desired configuration, a formulation comprising in the first stream amine terminated polyethers of greater than 1,500 molecular weight, an amine terminated chain extender and an internal mold release agent, and in the second stream an aromatic polyisocyanate. The resulting RIM elastomer may be removed from the mold easily. RIM elastomers are useful, for example, for automobile body parts.

Abstract: Polyurethanes having a two phase morphology and characterized by high impact strength and, optionally, high modulus are obtained by reaction of 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) and modified forms thereof with an aliphatic glycol extender and a blend of at least two polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polyols both of which have average functionalities in the range of 2 to 4, one of which has a molecular weight in the range of about 3000 to 10,000 and contains at least 23 percent by weight of ethylene oxide residues and the other has a molecular weight in the range of about 750 to about 2000 and contains at least 45 percent by weight of ethylene oxide. The two or more such polyols are employed in proportions such that the aliphatic glycol extender is completely miscible with said polyols if blended together.

Abstract: A deformable and durable polyurethane foam molding is made from the reaction product of a polyether polyol component and a polyisocyanate component. The polyether polyol component is a polyether having at least two hydroxyl groups, a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 and at least 10 wt. % hydroxyl groups which are primary hydroxyl groups. The polyisocyanate component is a mixture of from 60-90 wt. % 4,4'-diphenyl methane diisocyanate and from 3-30 wt. % 2,4'-diphenyl methane diisocyanate. Such reaction mixture is prepared in each of at least two mixing heads. The index of reaction mixture is different from that in the other mixing head. The mixture is then introduced into associated zones of a mold cavity where the mixture is allowed to foam. The molding is subsequently removed from the mold cavity. These polyurethane foam moldings are particularly useful in making seat cushions.

Abstract: Polyurethane resins are described having high impact strength and other structural strength properties, and significantly improved resistance to deformation by heat. The properties of these materials are such as to make them comparable to engineering thermoplastics such as nylon and like materials commonly used to fabricate structural components such as automotive parts, equipment housing, sporting goods, furniture, toys, household and like consumer goods.The resins are prepared from organic polyisocyanates, an isocyanate-reactive material (polyol, polyamine, etc.) having an average functionality of at least 1.9, a Tg less than 20.degree. C. and molecular weight of 500-20,000, and one or more low molecular weight extenders the major distinguishing feature being the markedly lower proportion by weight (2 to 25 percent) in which the isocyanate-reactive material is employed as compared with polyurethane resins conventionally prepared in the art.

Abstract: The use of certain prepolymers of 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), in place of the latter diisocyanate itself in the preparation of polyurethane-polyureas using aromatic diamine extenders, has a number of advantages particularly when the compositions are prepared by reaction injection molding techniques using two streams of reactants. The principal advantages are (i) a useful increase in gel time and (ii) a ratio of amounts of the two reactant streams which more nearly approaches 1:1.This latter factor not only improves the efficiency of mixing of the components in the mixing head but, together with the longer gel time, significantly increases the output of mixed reactants per unit of time. The prepolymers of 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) employed to achieve the above results are those derived from polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether diols and triols (MW=1000-10,000), polytetramethylene glycols (MW=600-5,000) and polyester diols and triols (MW=500-8,000).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of specific polyisocyanates by reacting diamines containing hydrogen atoms which are active in the context of the isocyanate addition reaction with excess quantities of organic diisocyanates. The invention also relates to a modification of the above process characterized in that the diamines are reacted first with excess quantities of a first diisocyanate after which the thus obtained reaction product which contains a urea group and a biuret group is reacted in a second stage with a second diisocyanate. The invention also relates to the use of polyisocyanates as the isocyanate component in the production of polyurethane plastics by the isocyanate-polyaddition process.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams having improved physical properties are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate and polyol in the presence of a melamine polyol which contains no polyether linkages and a foaming agent.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams are made from isocyanate containing prepolymers where the isocyanate is a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polymeric forms of MDI. The isocyanate mixture has a functionality greater than 2.0. The prepolymer is an isocyanate capped polyol or mixture of polyols where the polyols are diols or triols having at least 50% by weight oxyethylene groups. The foams are made by reacting water with the prepolymer and fire retardant materials can be added to the reaction mixture to produce fire retardant foams. The foams have improved physical properties and flammability resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds which contain s-triazine units and isocyanate groups or isocyanate-reactive groups and which melt without decomposition, by the reaction of triisocyanates containing s-triazine units with compounds containing isocyanate-reactive groups, and the use of these products as fillers which can be chemically fixed in the production of polyurethanes by the isocyanate polyaddition process.

Abstract: Oligomeric formal diols are prepared by coupling segments of PTMEG, each having a molecular weight of 1000-3000, with formaldehyde. The formal diols are useful in preparing polyurethanes.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of producing impermeable cellular polyurethane elastomers from polyisocyanates, relatively high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and water as chain lengthening and blowing agent to which additional chain lengthening agents may be added and it is characterized by the use of certain silicone derivatives. The new method makes it possible for impermeable cellular molded articles to be produced without the necessity of forming a skin on the surface, of the kind known, for example, in integral skin foams.

Abstract: A polyurethane-modified polyisocyanurate foam having an excellent heat-resistance and flame-resistance and a reduced smoke-generation, comprises a reaction product of a mixture containing (A) at least one polyisocyanate compounds; (B) at least one polyol compound including, benzylic ether type phenolic resin of the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R=H, hydrocarbon, oxyhydrocarbon or halogen, X=H or methylol, the molar ratio methylol/H.gtoreq.1, m+n.gtoreq.2 and m/m.gtoreq.1; p=1.about.3, (C) a trimerization catalyst, and; (D) a blowing agent, the ratio of the isocyanate equivalent of the isocyanate compound to the hydroxyl equivalent of the polyol compound being from 1.5 t 10.

Abstract: Foam products are disclosed which are produced by incorporating active materials, utilizing in situ methods, into the cell structure of hydrophillic polyurethane foams. The products obtained are characterized by a controlled rate of release of the active material from the foam structure.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of non-cellular and cellular polyurethane elastomers by(a) preparing a hydroxyl group-containing prepolymer by reacting a higher molecular weight polyhydroxyl compound and optionally a chain extender with an organic diisocyanate at a weight ratio of OH groups to NCO groups of 1.2:1 to 2:1,(b) dividing the prepolymer into two components A and B in a weight ratio of about 80:20 to 20:80,(c) reacting component A with 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate (NDI) in a weight ratio of OH:NCO groups of about 1:2.5 to 1:12 to produce a terminal NCO group-containing NDI-polyurethane adduct,(d) mixing component B with chain extenders and/or cross-linking agents and/or water, and optionally auxiliaries and additives, and(e) reacting the NDI-polyurethane adduct (from step c) with the mixture from step d.

Abstract: A process for preparing molded polyurethane-polyurea elastomers comprising reacting an organic polyisocyanate and a reactive polyol composition, said reactive polyol composition comprising(a) a polyol having an equivalent weight of from 700 to 4,000 and a functionality from 2 to 6; and(b) a reactive aromatic diamine which is soluble in said polyol at use temperatures and concentrations, has a pK.sub.b value greater than 10, and has the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 individually are radicals selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and at least one of the alkyl radicals in each ring is a non-linear alkyl radical selected from the group consisting of isopropyl, isobutyl, and tertiary butyl radicals, and wherein R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are radicals individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polyurethane polymers comprising the reaction product of an organic polyisocyanate (A), an organic polyol (B), & a difunctional extender (C) wherein the improvement comprises employing as the polyisocyanate (A) a composition comprising a bond of, (a) a prepolymer comprising the reaction product of methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) with a polyol mixture comprising:(1) polyol having a molecular weight of at least 1,000, &(2) polyol having a molecular weight of about 115 to 300 & (b) a liquefied methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate). Also disclosed are blends of (a) & (b).

Abstract: Urea derivatives containing isocyanatomethyl groups of 3(4), 8(9)-diisocyanatomethyltricyclo [5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ] decane of the formulaOCN--H.sub.2 C--[R--CH.sub.2 --NH--CO--NH--CH.sub.2 ].sub.n --R--CH.sub.2 --NCO, in which R is ##STR1## and n=1-5.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing polyisocyanate lignin-cellulose plastics by reaction of a lignin-cellulose polymer with a compound having at least two isocyanate groups to produce a lignin-cellulose polyisocyanate prepolymer. The prepolymer is then reacted with an organic compound to produce a polyisocyanate cellulose plastic.

Abstract: An open cell polyurea polyurethane foamed sponge is produced by mixing together a resin and an aqueous pahse. The resin phase consists of a prepolymer made from a hydrophilic oxyalkylene polyol which is capped with isocyanate groups and from about 1-30% by weight of the prepolymer of a polymeric polysocyanate such as a PAPI resin. The aqueous phase contains water, reinforcing fibers, surfactants, a thickening agent and preferably up to 40% by weight of diatomaceous earth. The resulting foam has a reduced volume swell, rapid wet out and improved wet strength.

Abstract: Interpolymerizate of polyurethane-forming ingredients (polyol, polyisocyanate) and free radical addition polymerizable monomers, at least one of which contains an hydroxyl group (e.g., styrene plus 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). The interpolymer is prepared in the presence of a catalyst for polyurethane formation and a free radical addition polymerization catalyst. Product is homogeneous and insoluble. System is useful in reaction injection molding processes.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrophilic, odorant-containing foam compositions having improved release ability of the odorant abetted by incorporating the odorant into a non-volatile, water insoluble oil or wax medium which is added to an aqueous reactant prior to reacting the aqueous reactant with a hydrophilic, isocyanate-terminated prepolymer to form a polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Polyurethane elastomeric foam by foaming a prepolymer or polyisocyanates and compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive to isocyanates, and a chain-lengthening polyamine agent, in the presence of an expanding agent containing a component reactive with the polyamine chain-lengthening agent or with the products of reaction thereof with polyisocyanates, and split-off gas.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of polyurethane urea elastomers having a gross density of more than 200 kg/m.sup.3 comprising: casting a reaction mixture of(A) an isocyanate prepolymer produced from(a) 1 mole of a compound containing at least 2 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and having a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 and(b) 2 to 10 moles of diisocyanatodiphenylmethane,(B) an aromatic diamine, and(C) 0 to 50 mole percent, based on component (B), of a polyol containing primary hydroxyl groups and having a molecular weight of from 62 to 6000, the equivalent ratio between component (A) and components (B) + (C) amounting to between 0.9:1 and 1.

Abstract: This invention relates to new, hydrophilic, fabric softener foam compositions having improved release ability of the fabric softener abetted by the addition of a hydrophilic polyether polyol release agent to the aqueous reactant containing the fabric softener prior to reacting the aqueous reactant with a hydrophilic, isocyanate-terminated prepolymer to form the foam.

Abstract: The reaction of isocyanates with substances containing isocyanate groups or active hydrogen groups, such as hydroxyl groups, amino groups and the like, are initiated by sulfonium zwitterions such as the ar-cyclic sulfonium areneoxides. Accordingly, partially trimerized isocyanates, polyurethanes and other useful materials can be made.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the production of highly elastic, open-celled foams containing urethane groups by reacting polyether polyols with modified polyisocyanates in the presence of cross-linking agents and water characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of 0.5 to 10 g/100 g of the polyether of a cross-linking mixture corresponding to the general formulaC.sub.n H.sub.2n+2 O.sub.nwherein n=2 to 10,which has a statistical average of at least four hydroxyl groups per molecule.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of a cellular polyurethane elastomer having a density of 0.45 to 0.8 g/cm.sup.3, comprising:(a) preparing a prepolymer having an isocyanate content of 10 to 25% by weight from aromatic polyisocyanates and a portion of one or more polyhydroxyl compounds having a molecular weight of from 400 to 6,000; and(b) reacting said prepolymer with the remainder of said polyhydroxyl compound and water;wherein the quantity of said water is 0.3 to 1% by weight and the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to isocyanate reactive compounds is in the range of 0.95:1 to 1.1:1, characterized in that from 0.1 to 0.8% by weight, based on the whole reaction mixture, of aromatic diprimary diamines having a molecular weight from 108 to 500 are also used in (a) or (b).

Abstract: The invention disclosed is for novel polyols and a method of making said polyols which comprises interconnecting polyols with epihalohydrin in the presence of substantially an equimolar amount of base based on the epihalohydrin thereby forming an extended polyol with terminal hydroxyl groups and at least one hydroxyl group attached directly to the backbone chain internally. These resultant polyols can be used to make polyurethane foams having high resiliency.

Abstract: Reaction injection molded polyurethanes are prepared employing a mixture of chain extenders, at least one of which is a hydroxyl-containing compound free of aliphatic amine hydrogen atoms such as, for example, ethylene glycol, or an aromatic amine hydrogen-containing compound which is free of aliphatic amine and at least one of which is an aliphatic amine-containing compound which contains at least one primary amine group such as an aminated polyoxypropylene glycol.

Abstract: Polyether-based polyurethane foams including as the flame-retardant, an antimony compound, chlorine derived from at least one chlorinated paraffin and alumina trihydrate, and the polyol used to prepare the foams being a diol- or triol-based polyol wherein at least 50% of the hydroxyl end groups are primary hydroxyl end groups, having good flame-retardancy and without any significant fall-off in physical properties as the foams are able to tolerate relatively high levels of the flame retardant.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a dimensionally stable one-component polyurethane foam from a storage-stable mixture, under pressure, of a prepolymer based on polyols and containing isocyanate groups and an organic blowing agent, with or without additives, by releasing the pressure and allowing the mixture to react with the atmosphere and cure, wherein the foamable mixture, which contains from 0.1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the prepolymer containing isocyanate groups, of a blowing agent is introduced into the inner container of a two-compartment pressure pack, which pack contains a pressure medium in the outer container, and is discharged, when required, through a dispensing device.

Abstract: Liquid polyisocyanate compositions comprising:(A) from 90 to 50% by weight of a reaction product of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a polyoxyalkylene polyol having an average functionality of 2-3 comprising from 50-100% by weight of a polyoxypropylene diol or triol having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 750 to 3000 and from 0-50% by weight of a polyoxyethylene diol or triol having a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 750 to 3000, said reaction product having an NCO content of from 8 to 26% by weight, and(B) from 10 to 50% by weight of a diphenylmethane diisocyanate composition containing from 30 to 65% by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the remainder being polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates of functionality greater than two together with by-products formed in the manufacture of such polyisocyanates by phosgenation.The compositions are useful in the manufacture of polyurethanes, especially cold cure flexible foams.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to polyurethane plastics which may be cellular, produced by reaction of polyisocyanates with relatively high molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds and, optionally, low molecular weight polyhydroxyl compounds, and diamines, said polyurethane plastic containing structural units corresponding to the general formula ##STR1## in which R' represents a straight or branched divalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radicals containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms andR" represents hydrogen, a straight or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl radical containing from 6 to 15 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical containing from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, halogen, --NO.sub.2, --CN, --OR'" or a radical ##STR2## where R"' represents a straight or branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for the manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams from urethane-modified aromatic polyisocyanates having an NCO content of 15 to 30 percent by weight and a viscosity of 100 to 2000 centipoises at 20.degree. C., which are obtained by reaction of a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates containing 55 to 85 percent by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate based on the total weight of the polyisocyanate mixture and a hydroxyl compound with 2 to 4 Zerewitinoff active hydrogen atoms and a molecular weight of 60 to 1500, in an equivalency ratio of NCO groups to active hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl compound of 2:1 to 60:1, polyols, catalysts, blowing agents, and optionally, chain extenders, auxiliaries, and additives.

Abstract: A rigid shrink stable polyurethane foam having a K factor value below 0.22 and having substantially all closed cells is prepared from a reaction product of an arylene polyisocyanate and an addition product of an alkylene oxide having at least three carbon atoms and a polyol having at least four hydroxy groups using a chlorofluoro-lower alkane blowing agent.

Abstract: A stable high-resilient (HR) flexible polyurethane foam may be made from an MDI type isocyanate, a polyether polyol and an amount of diethanolamine in an amount effective for preventing splits in the finished foam. The foams disclosed herein use water as the blowing agent. The disclosed foams have excellent properties and process without splitting.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams by reaction of a mixture consisting of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates having a functionality greater than 2 containing 55 to 85 percent by weight diphenylmethane diisocyanate based on the total weight of the isocyanate mixture with polyester polyols or mixtures of polyester polyols and polyether polyols having a polyester polyol content of more than 60 percent by weight based on the weight of the polyol mixture, and optionally chain extenders, auxiliaries, and additives, in the presence of catalysts and, in particular, water as a blowing agent. The special selection of starting compounds results in the production of flexible polyurethane foams having a high resistance to hydrolysis, high load-bearing capacity, and high energy absorption upon impact.

Abstract: A sustained release delivery means comprising a biologically active agent and a hydrophilic linear block poly oxyalkylene- polyurethane copolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to new high molecular weight polyurethanes which contain a very small amount of urethane and urea groups. These new synthetic resins are built up as block copolymers and contain relatively high molecular weight segments which are derived from high melting and low melting polyols and linked together through ester and/or urethane and/or urea groups.

Abstract: The reaction of isocyanates with substances containing isocyanate groups or active hydrogen groups, such as hydroxyl groups, amino groups and the like, are initiated by sulfonium zwitterions such as the ar-cyclic sulfonium areneoxides. Accordingly, partially trimerized isocyanates, polyurethanes and other useful materials can be made.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam which absorbs impact effectively is prepared by cross-linking short chain polyol to high polymer polyol chains by using polyisocyanate.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyether polyurethane elastomers are provided by reacting and forming: (a) a novel liquid polyurethane quasi-prepolymer having a free NCO content of from about 16 percent to about 25 percent; (b) a reactive poly(oxypropylene-oxyethylene) diol; and (c) as an extender, a short chain diol in the presence of (d) a catalyst. The elastomers can be either solid or microcellular, and they are suitable for production using Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) or conventional casting technology. The elastomers are useful in the production of automotive body panels, gears, seals and the like, and, since the elastomers are thermoplastic, any excess elastomer ("scrap") can be reused.