Abstract: A method of preparing an asphalt emulsion-rubber paving composition comprises combining an aqueous asphalt emulsion, water, latex rubber, minus 40 size rubber particles, and a thickening agent, mixing said materials at substantially ambient temperature to form a substantially homogeneous liquid composition, adding to said liquid composition between about 5 and about 15 pounds of aggregate per gallon of said gallon, and mixing the components at substantially ambient temperature to form such paving composition.
Abstract: The invention is a recycling process for forming a thermoformable polymer blend comprising:A) from 9 to 90 parts by weight of a monovinylidene aromatic polymer or an impact modified monovinylidene aromatic polymer, comprising from 1 to 25 weight percent of a rubber and 75 to 99 weight percent of a monovinylidene aromatic polymer matrix having a weight average molecular weight (M.sub.w) from 50,000 to 400,000, said weight percents being based on the total weight of said impact modified, monovinylidene aromatic polymer;B) from 9 to 90 parts by weight on an olefin polymer, selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of ethylene or propylene and copolymers of ethylene with one or more C.sub.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 26, 1995
Date of Patent:
July 2, 1996
Assignee:
The Dow Chemical Company
Inventors:
Jeffrey E. Bonekamp, Steven B. Swartzmiller, Robert J. Donald, Andre J. Uzee
Abstract: Disclosed as one embodiment is a method of producing useful articles from ground whole tire waste, which includes the steps of continuously extruding a heated mixture of ground whole tire waste and thermoplastic binder material into a continuously cooled, open-ended casting chamber. The apparatus for practicing this embodiment includes an extruder, a transition nozzle having an outlet with a cross-section corresponding to the desired cross-section of the useful article, and a casting chamber being constructed and arranged to remove thermal energy from an inner surface of the casting chamber.
Abstract: Methods for obtaining an elastomer product capable of absorbing petroleum and its by products including the steps of forming a mixture of waste vulcanized rubber, resin and organic solvent, grinding the mixture in a mill in the presence of manganese to produce a slurry of very small particles of a reclaimed rubber, and drying the slurry which results in porous elastomer particles which are capable of absorbing petroleum and its by-products.
Abstract: A composition containing reclaimed vulcanized rubber particles and capable of being recycled by melting is disclosed. A thermoplastic substrate is first melted, and an acid or base deflocculant and emulsifier for the rubber particles is added and mixed. The rubber particles are then added and heated with the substrate under high shear forces to redo the size of the particles, cause them to swell, and to emulsify the surface. The acid or base deflocculant is then neutralized to its isoelectric point, with the surfaces of the altered rubber particles in phase with the thermoplastic substrate.
Abstract: Waste rubber containing carbon black is broken down in size into small pieces, purged of air and then fed into a retort, likewise purged of air and continuously rotated or oscillated about its longitudinal axis. The retort is maintained at a temperature ranging between 275.degree. F. and 1000.degree. F., and preferably ranging between 500.degree. F. and 850.degree. F., to produce rubberized carbon black consisting of particles of carbon, each particle encapsulated in a sphere of rubber of 1-60 microns in diameter.Rubberized carbon black can be compounded with virgin rubber or polymer such as scrap high density polyethylene or both virgin rubber and polymer, and can then be formed into various shapes having useful and valuable physical, mechanical and thermal properties.
Abstract: The present invention is a method for depolymerizing organic vulcanized rubber which contains at least one organic component. In broadest terms, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) obtaining a portion of organic vulcanized rubber to be recycled; (b) treating the portion of rubber with an effective amount of:(1) a solution of at least one organic hypochlorite; and(2) at least one organic solvent; for sufficient time and at sufficient temperature whereby substantially all of the portion of the rubber is degraded to an extent so as to be dispersed in the organic solvent, whereby the organic component(s) is/are extracted therefrom.The organic vulcanized rubber (such as rubber from used tires and/or other waste sources) may be from a single source or from various sources, and those from various sources may even be comingled for treatment by the present method.
Abstract: An improved paving composition includes between 89-93% graded aggregate, 5.76% asphalt cement, 0.24% SBR polymer and 1-5% graded recycled crumb rubber. The asphalt cement and SBR polymer are blended and heated to form a first mixture. The aggregates are blended and heated to form a second mixture. The two mixtures are blended together prior to the addition of the graded recycled crumb rubber.
Abstract: There is disclosed an ethylene polymer composition including a low density ethylene polymer blended with from about 2.0% by weight to about 60.0% by weight of the total composition of a recycled high density ethylene polymer and a compatibilizer comprising from about 0.1% to about 1.5% by weight zinc oxide and about 0.1% to 2.0% by weight of glycerol monostearate. The polymer composition may also include a foaming agent is present in an amount from 5 to 30 parts per hundred. There is also provided a method for producing the ethylene polymer compositions.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for treating cross-linked (cured) filled or untilled unsaturated polyester for deriving an alcohol recycle reactant useful in the synthesis of alcohol-formed derivative products. The first step of the method is the attrition of the cured unsaturated polyester to form particulates thereof. In the next step of the process, at least a fraction of any filler or fiberglass in the cured unsaturated polyester is separated to form a cured unsaturated polyester regrind. The next step is the subjecting of the cured unsaturated polyester regrind to agitated, uncatalyzed or catalyzed glycolysis in the presence of excess glycol and, optionally, a transesterification catalyst under agitation at elevated transesterification temperature. The final step of the process is the recovery of the recycle alcohol reactant for use in the synthesis of alcohol-formed derivative products.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 30, 1994
Date of Patent:
May 30, 1995
Assignee:
Ashland Oil, Inc.
Inventors:
Timothy A. Tufts, Chung-Chieh Tsai, Stephen S. Hupp
Abstract: The invention pertains to a method of treating vulcanized rubber, such as scrap tires, in which the copolymer is treated with an organic solvent under supercritical conditions, such that an organic solution of several by-products is obtained. These can be conventionally fractionated to recover useful organic compounds.
Abstract: A process for preparing an incorporated asphalt composition includes mixing ground tire rubber with distillation tower bottoms to form a wetted mixture of the ground tire rubber with the distillation tower bottoms, bombarding the wetted mixture of ground tire rubber and distillation tower bottoms with air at a temperature of about 350.degree.-485.degree. F. at about 6-15 psi pressure until the mixture is completely incorporated, and recovering the incorporated asphalt composition. The homogenized asphalt product is a two-member composition of distillation tower bottoms having ground tire rubber incorporated therein.
Abstract: An active filler composition utilizing scrap rubber, such as automobile tires, as a main or primary ingredient is used in the treatment, recycling, and manufacture of various rubber and plastic articles. A chemical plasticizer and binding agent is used in the production of the composition to plasticize, swell, and soften the scrap rubber. The filler composition is a homogeneous blend of from about 40 to 95 parts by weight of cured rubber particles and from about 5 to 60 parts by weight of the liquid plasticizer and binder. The active filler composition can be further compounded with materials such as polyethylene, polyethylene-terephthallate (PET), polyurethanes, urethanes, polyisocurates, polyacrylics, polyvinylchloride (PVC), and epoxies, to form a composite material for combining with still other materials to impart elastomeric properties.
Abstract: A thermal process co-recycles tires with oils to produce gases, liquids and solids. The letter consisting of glass and steel fibers and a carbonous residue which are separately segregated and collected. By using selected additives gas formation and hydrogen sulfide contents are reduced, light product oil yields and quality are maximized and the level of chlorinated substances in the oils are reduced to trace amounts. The carbonous residue makes an excellent modifier for improving performance properties of bituminous binders and bituminous mixtures and for providing added benefits to properties of Portland concrete.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 7, 1993
Date of Patent:
February 14, 1995
Assignees:
Univ. of Wyoming, Amoco Corp.
Inventors:
Chang Y. Cha, Henry Plancher, Lawrence S. Kraus
Abstract: A process for the separation of different polymers, by subjecting a molten polymer mixture containing two or more polymers to a gravity field greater than the Earth's gravity field. The process is useful in the recovery of scrap or waste polymers.
Abstract: A process of producing a rubber article which is economical and environmentally beneficial in that it provides for the recycling of ground cured rubber into uncured rubber compositions which need only be molded or shaped into their final form.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 21, 1993
Date of Patent:
October 18, 1994
Assignee:
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
Inventors:
Thomas G. Burrowes, Bobby L. Purviance, Charles W. Quiner, Delyn M. Stork
Abstract: A method for recycling a used tire constructed of rubber and other materials that does not devulcanize the rubber, comprising the steps of soaking the tire in a composition comprising an organic solvent for a time sufficient to reduce the tensile strength of the rubber by at least about 50%, applying sufficient shear forces to the soaked tire to disintegrate the rubber from the other materials, and sorting the disintegrated rubber from the other materials.
Abstract: An asphalt pavement material comprising an aggregate mixture of asphalt, gravel, sand and a pelletized composite of recycled rubber and thermoplastic material. The pelletized composite has a uniform size, smaller than the gravel and larger than the sand and is configured to fit within interstitial voids between the gravel. Sufficient pelletized composite is added to the asphalt pavement and mineral aggregate mixture (replacing mineral aggregate of comparable size) to substantially fill void spaces between the gravel.
Abstract: Laminated scrap produced by a reaction injection molding process, comprising a thermoplastic resin substrate and a vinyl skin, together with a polyurethane foam layer disposed therebetween, is ground with cryogenic coating. Thereafter, the granulated particles of the scrap lamination are passed serially through density-based separators to separate the laminated layers. The method and apparatus of the invention permit the separation of the layers of such scrap parts, such that one or more of the constituent parts may be recovered.
Abstract: Resinous compositions are prepared by blending an ABS copolymer or similar addition polymer, a polyphenylene ether-polystyrene blend, and a copolymer of an olefin such as ethylene and an epoxy compound such as glycidyl methacrylate. The first two constituents may be scrap materials. The resulting compositions have high impact strength and other advantageous properties.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 26, 1992
Date of Patent:
November 23, 1993
Assignee:
General Electric Company
Inventors:
James J. Scobbo, Jr., Michael P. Laughner, Marinus E. J. Dekkers
Abstract: This invention relates to a continuous ultrasonic method for breaking the carbon-sulfur (C--S), sulfur-sulfur (S--S), and if desired, carbon-carbon (C--C) bonds in a vulcanized elastomer. It is well known that vulcanized elastomers having a three-dimensional chemical network, cannot flow under the effect of heat and/or pressure. This creates a huge problem in the recycling of used tires and other elastomeric products. Through the application of certain levels of ultrasonic amplitudes in the presence of pressure and optionally heat, the three-dimensional network of vulcanized elastomer can be broken down. As a most desirable consequence, ultrasonically treated cured rubber becomes soft, thereby enabling this material to be reprocessed and shaped in a manner similar to that employed with uncured elastomers.
Abstract: In today's environment, it is becoming increasingly more important to recycle plastics including polyethylene terephthalate. Technology available today allows for polyethylene terephthalate to be recycled into a wide variety of useful products. For instance, carbonated beverage bottles which are comprised of polyethylene terephthalate can be recycled into new polyethylene terephthalate beverage bottles. However, a relatively pure polyethylene terephthalate post consumer feed stream is required in many such recycling programs. Unfortunately, such feed streams are often contaminated with foreign material. This invention relates to a process for removing foreign materials from a post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate feed stream which comprises: (1) depolymerizing the polyethylene terephthalate feed stream into a melt having a melt viscosity which is within the range of 0.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the conversion of waste plastics and scrap rubber to a high quality synthetic crude oil which can be separated by fractionation into gasoline, diesel fuel and gas oils suitable as a feedstock to a catalytic cracker. The process generally includes the steps of heating the plastic scrap and scrap automotive tires in a hydrogen atmosphere at moderate temperatures and pressures. It has also been determined that the polymeric waste material must be present in combination with the scrap automotive tires to attain conversion of the scrap automotive tires to liquid hydrocarbon.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for converting municipal waste containing plastics to a high quality synthetic crude oil which can be separated by fractionation into gasoline, diesel fuel and gas oils suitable as a feedstock to a catalytic cracker. The presence of cellulosic and proteinaceous waste materials in the municipal waste does not inhibit the process of the invention for converting the municipal waste into a synthetic crude oil. The process generally includes the steps of heating the municipal waste in a reaction gas, of a mixture of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen or hydrogen at moderate temperatures and pressures.
Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating out the economic components of scrap rubber tires, wherein the rubber tires are passed through a first shredder, a rotary screen, and a magnetic separator. The non-magnetic fraction is then passed through successive second and third rotary screens for separating out fine sand and debris and then for separating out fine particles of rubber and fabric fiber. The fine charge and the coarse charge are directed to respective defibrators which include a rotor in the form of a blade cage through which an airstream is passed carrying rubber particles and fabric fibers. The gate deflects the rubber particles which are then discharged in the the bottom of the defibrator while the lighter fabric fibers pass through the gate in the airstream and are separated out in a cyclone. The coarse rubber particles when discharged from its respective defibrator are recirculated through a second shredder and back to the third rotary screen.
Abstract: Old rubber tires are physically shredded and a sized fraction of the shreds is fed into a heated rotating stainless steel tube in which the temperature is carefully controlled so that the shreds are converted to a char and a No. 4 oil product both of which are separately recovered.
Abstract: A method is disclosed for the recovery of hydrocarbon products from elastomeric products such as discarded vehicle tires and other rubber products. The elastomeric products are immersed in a liquid heat transfer medium and heated to a temperature in the range of from about 575.degree. F. to about 600.degree. F. for a period of from about 0.5 to about 2.0 hours. The process produces a methane-containing gas product, a low boiling fuel oil fraction, a light fraction elastomeric hydrocarbon solid, a heavy fraction elastomeric hydrocarbon solid, and steel cord when steel belted radial tires are processed.
Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for making a rubber-like product from rubber scrap, such as recycled tire scrap. The process includes mixing the rubber scrap with from 1 percent to 15 percent, with respect to the weight of the rubber scrap, of added sulphur, and applying a pressure thereto of about 1000 to 3000 pounds per square inch for 1 to 10 minutes at a temperature of from about 250 degrees F. to about 450 degrees F. In addition, 1 to 8 percent, with respect to the weight of the rubber scrap, of antioxidants and antiozonants are added to the mixture of rubber scrap and sulphur. The sulphur is free sulphur. Derivative sulphur compounds, or like vulcanizing agents, can be added in place of the free sulphur of about 1 to 45 percent of the weight of the rubber scrap. The rubber scrap is buffing of recycled tire rubber, or powder made from recycled tire rubber. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also provided.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 16, 1988
Date of Patent:
July 25, 1989
Assignee:
GAF Corporation
Inventors:
Steven S. Lalwani, William G. Pursell, Sr., Charles J. Horner, Jr.
Abstract: A method of recovering a solid flowable polymer medium that is capable of being used as a pressurizing medium for high temperature molding from contaminants. A polymer mixture containing contaminants that was a solid flowable polymer medium prior to exposure to temperatures in excess of about 316.degree. C. during its use as a pressurizing medium is disposed in a solution. The solution has a specific gravity greater than the solid flowable polymer medium. The solid flowable polymer medium is separated from the surface of the solution and contamination settles to the bottom.
Abstract: Ground polymer elastomer or other polymeric plastic, particularly from recovered scrap, is surface modified by treatment with a gaseous mixture containing a minor amount of fluorine and a larger amount of at least one reactive gas in an inert gaseous carrier. By the treatment the ground material is made more compatible for admixture with polyfunctional polymer-forming liquids, thereby obtaining novel composites of controlled physical properties. The other reactive gas is preferably oxygen or one of the gases from the group consisting of: chlorine and SO.sub.2 with or without added oxygen.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 4, 1986
Date of Patent:
September 13, 1988
Assignee:
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Inventors:
Bernard D. Bauman, Patricia E. Burdick, Rajendra K. Mehta
Abstract: Comminuted salvaged rubber is heated to the reclaiming temperature in a two-stage process such that part of the overall heat required is introduced by microwave heating and the remainder by convectional heating. Material preheated during the first stage is transferred to the second stage in such a way that the relative position of all the particles is maintained with as little change as possible. Since the temperature profile of microwave heating shows a maximum in the interior and a minimum at the periphery, whereas that of convectional heating is just the reverse, the temperature distribution within the material can be evened out to a great extent by combining these two different methods of heating. Since it is no longer necessary in this case to heat the material to such an extent convectionally, it is possible to avoid caking and the formation of deposits, and thus to considerably improve the quality of the reclaimed rubber.
Abstract: A process and apparatus for removing the non-metallic components from composite bodies of metal and rubber and/or plastic, which occur as waste. The composite bodies are heated in a preheating zone and then dipped into a heated solvent or exposed to the vapors of said solvent.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 19, 1985
Date of Patent:
September 30, 1986
Assignee:
Fuchs Recycling GmbH & Co.
Inventors:
Gerhard Fuchs, Roland R. Hertenstein, Hans G. Quick
Abstract: Rubber crumb is subjected to direct reclaiming by being mixed with a plasticizer and optionally also a peptizer and, under agitation and supply of a gas atmosphere with controlled oxygen content and at a temperature of 130.degree.-200.degree. C., heated at substantially atmospheric pressure to cause the rubber particles to react with oxygen and absorb .ltoreq.10, preferably 0.5-5 liters of O.sub.2 /kg of rubber particles.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 18, 1984
Date of Patent:
April 1, 1986
Assignee:
Trelleborg AB
Inventors:
Berndt G. Linden, Eugen C. E. Ganslandt
Abstract: A method is provided for the continuous processing of coarse-grained waste rubber into a secondary rubber raw material, in which coarse-grained waste rubber having a particle size of 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably approx. 4 to 6 mm, in a layer of a thickness not exceeding the largest dimension of a single grain is exposed to a thermoshock without the access of oxygen at a temperature of 200.degree. to 900.degree.C., preferably 600.degree. to 800.degree. C., for a time of 5 to 200 seconds, preferably about 30 to 60 seconds, depending on the size of the particles and the desired structure of the product.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 29, 1982
Date of Patent:
March 19, 1985
Assignee:
SAVA KRANJ industrija gumijevih, usnjenih in kemicnih izdelkov n.o.sol.o.
Abstract: Vulcanizable rubber stock based on diene rubber comprises oxidized oligomer derived from thermally decomposed rubber materials, which oligomer has a molecular weight of 450-86,000 and is contained in the compound in an amount of 5-68 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of diene rubber.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 4, 1981
Date of Patent:
February 12, 1985
Inventors:
Genrikh D. Lyakhevich, Vasily G. Suzansky, Vulf P. Kovalerchik
Abstract: Reclamation of vulcanized rubber is effected by a method which comprises heating powdered vulcanized rubber to a temperature for desulfurization of the rubber and, on completion of the desulfurization, quickly cooling the desulfurized rubber to a temperature at which substantially no oxidation of desulfurized rubber proceeds. This method obviates otherwise indispensable incorporation of process oil or other similar additive to the powdered vulcanized rubber for the purpose of retarding the oxidation of rubber molecules. When the reclaimed rubber obtained by this method is blended with newly supplied rubber, the resultant vulcanized rubber shows sparing degradation of physical properties.
Abstract: A method of separating rubber from metal, which includes obtaining a metaontaining rubber body, impeding the access of oxygen to the rubber, exposing the body to high-frequency electromagnetic field to cause the metal to glow and the border layer of the rubber on the metal-rubber contact to be thermally degraded and carbonized, and magnetically separating the rubber from the metal, and apparatus for carrying out the method.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 29, 1982
Date of Patent:
September 4, 1984
Assignee:
Sava Kranj Industrija gumijevih, usnjenih in kemicnih izdelkov n.l.sol.o.
Abstract: The green strength of compositions containing elastomers and/or up to 100 percent of reclaimed rubber is improved by the addition of crystalline or semi-crystalline butene polymers selected from the group consisting of polybutene and interpolymers made from 1-butene with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alpha-olefins, non-conjugated dienes, and non-conjugated polyenes. Although reclaimed rubbers are utilized, an unexpected increase in green strength of an unvulcanized blend is obtained. The reclaimed rubbers utilized in the blend may be those which have been devulcanized by mechanical energy, heat, and/or chemical agents. Additionally and preferably, the rubbers may be reclaimed through the use of microwave energy.
Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomeric compositions are prepared by mixing comminuted vulcanized rubber having a mean particle size of below 1.5 mm with a thermoplastic olefin or diolefin polymer, particular polyethylene, at a weight ratio of from 1:3 to 3:1, and with a non-ionic surfactant in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt. % referring to the total amount of polymers. The addition of a non-ionic surfactant greatly improves the bonding between the two main components, thus yielding compositions of a very low level of porosity and improved mechanical properties, particularly superior thoughness.The compositions can be moulded or extruded to a variety of products, such as profiles, roofings, fencing posts, pallets, and also shoe sales, saddle covers, solid tires, sprinkling funnels, etc.
Abstract: The green strength of compositions containing elastomers and/or up to 100 percent of reclaimed rubber is improved by the addition of crystalline or semi-crystalline butene polymers selected from the group consisting of polybutene and interpolymers made from 1-butene with at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alpha-olefins, non-conjugated dienes, and non-conjugated polyenes. Although reclaimed rubbers are utilized, an unexpected increase in green strength of an unvulcanized blend is obtained. The reclaimed rubbers utilized in the blend may be those which have been devulcanized by mechanical energy, heat, and/or chemical agents. Additionally and preferably, the rubbers may be reclaimed through the use of microwave energy.