Abstract: In a friction material, columnar or scaly non-whisker-like alkali metal titanate or non-whisker-like alkali metal•alkaline-earth metal titanate having an average particle diameter in the range of 0.1 to 100 ?m and an aspect ratio of 3 or less and an inorganic porous filler are compounded, and a friction material in which non-whisker-like lithium.potassium titanate having an average particle diameter in the range of 0.1 to 100 ?m and an aspect ratio of 3 or less is compounded.

Abstract: A fibrous base material giving a wet frictional material used for clutch, differential gear, brake, etc. of cars, industrial machines, etc. having an excellent durability where plastic deformation of fiber and deterioration by acidic decomposition products of lubricant additives do not take place is provided. A fibrous base material for wet frictional materials which comprises a fiber component, a friction adjusting material and a filler, said fiber component containing 5 to 50% by weight of a homoacrylonitrile fiber where modulus of elasticity at 180° C. is not less than 10 cN/dtex and shrinking rate at 200° C. is within 5% and/or a homoacrylonitrile fiber in a pulp form prepared by fibrillation of said homoacrylonitrile fiber.

Abstract: A friction material is made by molding and curing a composition containing a fibrous base that includes stainless steel fibers but not other steel fibers, a binder, and a friction modifier that includes at least two types of hard particles having a large Mohs hardness, bronze powder and a specific amount of tin sulfide. The friction material has a excellent balance of properties, including a high strain linearity that provides a excellent brake feel, a high torque linearity and a excellent effectiveness, and also minimizes disc rotor attack, disc pad wear and metal pickup. Such friction materials are particularly suitable for automotive applications, such as disc pads.

Abstract: A friction material includes a binder, a reinforcement fiber, and a friction modifier which in turn includes flat layered titanate particles and baryte particles, wherein the baryte particles constitute less than 25% by volume of the friction material. The flat layered titanate particle may include alkali metal titanate particles, and more specifically potassium lithium titanate particles. Other flat layered titanates, including alkali metal alkaline earth metal titanates may also be used. The titanate particles may be used in an amount of 3-25% by volume of the friction material, and more specifically 5-15% by volume thereof. They may also have particle sizes ranging from 0.1-500 ?m, and more specifically 1-30 ?m, and even more specifically 15-30 ?m. The friction material may include a binder or binders in an amount of about 8-31% by volume of the friction material. The friction material may also include reinforcement fibers in an amount of about 2-13% by volume of the friction material.

Abstract: A ceramic brake lining which is reinforced with carbon fibers and has a matrix which consists essentially of silicon carbide together with silicon and/or carbon, wherein the reinforcing fibers used are long fibers having a mean length of at least 10 mm which are aligned in the plane parallel to the friction surface, a process for its production and its use in combination with brake discs made of C/SiC or CFC or as lining in friction clutches.

Abstract: A friction material matrix is described, containing a tin oxide, such as but not limited to stannous oxide or stannic oxide, and a binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the tin oxide. The tin oxide is preferably present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix. The tin oxide preferably has a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5. The tin oxide improves the performance behavior of a friction couple at an interface between the friction material matrix and an automotive braking element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a friction control composition comprising a binder a rheological control agent, and optionally a lubricant. The liquid friction control composition may also comprise other components a wetting agent, a consistency modifier, and a preservative. The liquid friction control compositions may be used to modify the interfacial friction characteristics in sliding and rolling-sliding contact such as steel wheel-rail systems including mass transit and freight systems. A method of reducing lateral force, reducing energy consumption, or controlling friction between a metal surface and a second metal surface by applying the composition to metal surface, for example a top of rail or wheel, is also provided. The composition may be sprayed onto the rail surface.

Abstract: A fibrous base material giving a wet frictional material used for clutch, differential gear, brake, etc. of cars, industrial machines, etc. having an excellent durability where plastic deformation of fiber and deterioration by acidic decomposition products of lubricant additives do not take place is provided. A fibrous base material for wet frictional materials which comprises a fiber component, a friction adjusting material and a filler, said fiber component containing 5 to 50% by weight of a homoacrylonitrile fiber where modulus of elasticity at 180° C. is not less than 10 cN/dtex and shrinking rate at 200° C. is within 5% and/or a homoacrylonitrile fiber in a pulp form prepared by fibrillation of said homoacrylonitrile fiber.

Abstract: The polymeric composition for friction elements comprises a co-polymer between (I) a resin containing phenolic groups and a reticulation agent, and (II) an organopolysiloxane resin containing terminal silanol groups. A part at least of the phenolic groups is bound to the terminal silanol groups. A process of the preparation of the above polymeric composition may comprise the following steps: a) mixing (I) a resin containing the phenolic groups and the reticulation agent, (II) resin containing the terminal silanol groups, and (III) an epoxy resin or the epoxidisesd organopolysiloxane; b) curing the mixture for a period of time sufficient to complete substantially the reaction between the phenolic groups and the terminal silanol groups, c) post-heating the product obtained under b).

Abstract: A ceramic brake lining which is reinforced with carbon fibers and has a matrix which consists essentially of silicon carbide together with silicon and/or carbon, wherein the reinforcing fibers used are long fibers having a mean length of at least 10 mm which are aligned in the plane parallel to the friction surface, a process for its production and its use in combination with brake discs made of C/SiC or CFC or as lining in friction clutches.

Abstract: A rubber composition is disclosed wherein the rubber composition contains at least (a) a rubber component; (b) a silica filler; and, (c) at least one thiuram disulfide accelerator, it being provided that diphenyl guanidine is substantially absent in the rubber composition. The compositions may also include suitable amounts of other ingredients such as carbon black, coupling agents, antiozonants, antioxidants, etc.

Abstract: A friction material comprises a fibrous reinforcement, a friction modifier and a binder. At least potassium hexatitanate fiber and potassium octatitanate fiber are used together as the fibrous reinforcement and mixed at a ratio in a range between 2 wt % and 40 wt % of the whole of the friction material as total amount. It is preferable that a mixing ratio of the potassium hexatitanate fiber to the potassium octatitanate fiber is in a range between 1:4 and 4:1 by weight percentage.

Abstract: An annular body, and method of making same, comprising at least one wear surface portion, the portion comprising a plurality of layers held in a matrix, each layer consisting essentially of fibres which extend generally in one direction and parallel to each other and from the centre of the body to the periphery, whereby the wear of that surface portion is improved. The body can be formed into an aircraft brake disc.

Abstract: A friction material suitable for mating with a disk rotor or drum consisting mainly of an aluminum alloy reinforced by a hard material. The friction material suppresses the generation of a scoring on the disk rotor or drum. It also suppresses the change in the coefficient of friction before and after a heat history. The friction material comprises not only an organic-fiber base material, a binder resin, a friction-adjusting agent, a filler, and an inorganic powder, but also an inorganic fiber and a metal powder having a particle diameter of 1 to 180 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A wet friction material comprises a fiber base material, a filler and a binder: wherein the filler contains a disc-shaped diatomaceous earth; wherein the filler contains at least one of a filler having Mohs hardness of 8 to 9.5 and a diatomaceous earth and the binder contains a specific silicone resin binder; or wherein the binder contains another specific silicone resin binder.

Abstract: A friction material comprising a fibrous reinforcement, a friction modifier and a binder, characterized by being free from asbestos fiber and containing, as the organic fibrous reinforcement, a mixture of a dry aramid pulp with at least one member selected from the group consisting of a wet aramid pulp, a woodpulp and an acrylic pulp.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resinous composition comprising a carbon powder and a polybenzimidazole resin powder, and a tribological material using the resinous composition. This tribological material can be produced by blending a carbon powder and a polybenzimidazole resin powder together to prepare a composition and molding the composition with heating under pressure. The present invention provides a tribological material which possesses excellent tribological properties under high temperature conditions and has a low coefficient of friction.

Abstract: A friction surface coating (200) for a friction material of a brake system, especially for a motor vehicle, a truck, a rail vehicle or an aircraft, is composed of 0-30% in weight phenolic resin, 5-95% in weight aluminum oxide, 0-20% in weight silicium oxide, 5-75% in weight bonding agent, 0-10% in weight interlacing agent, 0-50% in weight elastomer and 0-50% in weight filler.

Abstract: In a friction material including a fibrous reinforcement, a friction modifier and a binder, no whisker-like potassium titanate fiber is contained, but powdery or flaky potassium titanate with an aspect ratio of not higher than 3 is mixed as a friction component. The diameter of the powdery or flaky potassium titanate is preferably in a range of from 0.05 &mgr;m to 150 &mgr;m. In addition, the powdery or flaky potassium titanate is preferably subjected to surface treatment with a silane coupling agent, phenolic resin, or the like. Further, fibrous potassium titanate may be mixed at a volume ratio of not higher than 30% with respect to the powdery or flaky potassium titanate. The fibrous potassium titanate is a by-product when the powdery or flaky potassium titanate is produced and which has a length of not longer than 5 &mgr;m or a diameter of not smaller than 3 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is made by molding and curing a composition comprising a fibrous base, a filler, a binder, and tin and/or tin sulfide and exhibits excellent wear resistance and less metal pickup at high temperatures.

Abstract: This invention intends to provide a friction member which is high in an anti-fading character and low in mate attacking character. For such purpose, in a friction member composed of a fiber containing substrate, a bonding agent and a filling agent, an accumulated blow hole rate of blow holes having hole diameter not less than 3.5 &mgr;m is selected to be not larger than 2 volume %, and an accumulated blow hole rate of blow holes having hole diameter from 0 to 3.5 &mgr;m is selected to be not less than 3 volume %.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is obtained by molding and curing a composition comprising a fibrous base other than asbestos, a binder and a filler. The fibrous base is composed in part of 1-15 vol % of inorganic fibers having a Mohs hardness of less than 4.5 and the filler includes 0.5-15 vol % of cashew dust, based on the overall composition. The friction material undergoes little wear during high-speed braking, has an excellent heat resistance, stable braking effectiveness and good strength, and generates little undesirable brake noise, especially when used as brake linings in drum brakes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a friction material and, in particular, provides a process for producing a friction material used in, for example, brakes of trucks, cars or the like and also provides a friction material obtained by the process. The process for producing a friction material containing a fiber component, a binder component and a filler component from raw materials of a friction material through at least a mixing step, a molding step and a heat-treating step, wherein the mixing of the raw materials in the mixing step is carried out by stirring and mixing the raw materials under heating in a dry system at a temperature where the binder is softened.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material is obtained by molding and curing a composition comprising a fibrous base, a filler and a binder. The binder is present in a total amount V1 and the filler contains in part graphite present in an amount V2, each expressed in volume percent of the overall composition, such that the product V1×V2 is from 10 to 100 and the sum V1+V2 is from 10 to 30. When used as a brake lining in drum brakes, for example, the friction material exhibits low wear during high-speed braking, excellent heat resistance, stable braking effectiveness and good strength.

Abstract: A vulcanizable rubber composition for treads of vehicle tires, comprises:

Abstract: The subject invention discloses a liquid isoprene-butadiene rubber (IBR) which is particularly valuable for use in making treads for high performance automobile tires, including race tires, that exhibit superior dry traction characteristics and durability. The isoprene-butadiene rubber of this invention is a liquid at room temperature and is comprised of repeat units which are derived from about 5 weight percent to about 95 weight percent isoprene and from about 5 weight percent to about 95 weight percent 1,3-butadiene, wherein the repeat units derived from isoprene and 1,3-butadiene are in essentially random order. The IBR of this invention also has a low number average molecular weight which is within the range of about 3,000 to about 50,000 and has a glass transition temperature which is within the range of about −50° C. to about 20° C.

Abstract: A friction element is made out of a composite material comprising carbon fiber reinforcement and a matrix which, at least in the vicinity of the or each friction face, comprises: a first phase in the vicinity of the reinforcing fibers and containing pyrolytic carbon obtained by chemical vapor infiltration; a refractory second phase of carbon or ceramic obtained at least in part by pyrolysis of a liquid precursor; and a silicon carbide phase obtained by siliciding, for example. At least in the vicinity of the or each friction face, the composite material is preferably constituted, by volume, at least as follows: 15% to 35% carbon fibers; 10% to 55% first matrix phase containing pyrolytic carbon; 2% to 30% second matrix phase of refractory material; and 10% to 35% silicon carbide. The invention is applicable in particular to braking for rail or road vehicles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two-ply fibrous base material comprising a primary layer having elastic and oil absorbent characteristics bonded to a secondary layer having high temperature resistance and high strength characteristics. The two-ply fibrous base material, when impregnated with a phenolic, modified phenolic silicone, modified silicone or silicone/phenolic resin blends, provides a friction material exhibiting good friction and wear characteristics and is especially useful in high energy end use applications.

Abstract: Aluminum hydroxide is disclosed, wherein a mean particle size of a secondary particle is from 0.1 to 8 .mu.m, a BET specific surface area is not less than about 30 m.sup.2 /g and a pore size distribution has a maximum value within the range from 5 to 100 nm, a method for producing the same, and a method of using the same, comprising containing the same in a rubber, a method for using the same as a filler of a rubber composition for tire tread, and a rubber composition for tire tread using the same.

Abstract: Dry processed friction materials are disclosed wherein the components thereof include dry blends of a) fibrillated, organic, synthetic polymer, b) organic, synthetic polymer staple and c) organic, synthetic soluble polymer particles.

Abstract: A friction-type member, which is suited, in particular, as a brake pad for a brake member of fiber-reinforced ceramic, and a method for manufacturing such a brake pad. A mixture is initially prepared from at least carbon particles and metal particles, if indicated, with the addition of polymer binding agents suited for pyrolysis; of hard material particles, such as silicon carbide or titanium carbide as abradants; and of solid lubricants, such as molybdenum sulphide or graphite, and subsequently cold-pressed into green compacts. Sintering is then carried out under vacuum or protective atmosphere, the organic binding agent concentrations initially being pyrolized, and the metal particles being at least partially bonded by reaction to carbon. The friction pads manufactured in this manner exhibit considerable mechanical strength, good frictional properties, as well as a high thermal loading capacity accompanied by a low rate of wear.

Abstract: A friction material comprising a filler, a binder, and a lubricant, wherein a part or the whole of the filler is constituted by molybdenum trioxide. Not only is the friction material improved in anti-cracking property and anti-fading property under high-temperature and high-load conditions, but the friction material can be prevented from deterioration due to ashing.

Abstract: In a friction material composition containing a fiber base, and a binder, a novolak type phenolic resin having a mean molecular weight of from 3500 to 5000 is used as the binder.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a non-asbestos friction material and method of making therefor having from about 2 to 20 wt % of carbonaceous fibers. The remainder of the friction material is an auxiliary material and a thermosetting resin. The carbonaceous fibers are derived from oxidized polyacrylonitrile based fibers. The wt % of bond carbon in the carbonaceous fibers is about 65 to 80.

Abstract: Wet processed friction materials are disclosed wherein the components thereof include blends of a) fibrillated, organic, synthetic polymer, b) organic, synthetic polymer staple and c) organic, synthetic soluble polymer particles.

Abstract: Alkali and alkali earth metal titanates used for friction stabilization of friction materials such as, but not limited to, disk brake pads, brake drum linings, clutch disks, and other friction applications are described. Examples of suitable alkali and alkali earth metal titanates include, without limitation, potassium titanate, sodium titanate, and calcium titanate. Preferably, the alkali or alkali earth metal titanates are present in an amount from about 3 volume percent to about 25 volume percent based on the total volume of the friction material matrix.

Abstract: A method for making a dry blend for use in the preparation of a friction material, a dry blend per se and dry friction materials is disclosed wherein the components thereof include a) fibrillated, organic, synthetic polymer, b) organic, synthetic polymer staple and c) organic, synthetic soluble polymer particles.

Abstract: A method for producing wet processed friction materials are disclosed wherein the components thereof include blends of a) fibrillated, organic, synthetic polymer, b) organic, synthetic polymer staple and c) organic, synthetic soluble polymer particles.

Abstract: This invention provides: (1) a hinder composition for friction materials, characterized in that it comprises a thermosetting resin and a specific organic silicon compound having phenyl groups, and (2) a friction material having as a binder composition shown in the above item (1). When used for manufacturing friction materials in the brakes and clutches for various kinds of vehicles such as automobiles, it can remarkably improve the facing and abrasion resistances of the friction material.

Abstract: A self lubricating material for use in a castable material from which a predetermined component having at least one friction surface is to be manufactured. Such self lubricating type material consisting essentially of cellulose in the range of between about 4.0 weight percent and about 9.0 weight percent, resin in the range of between about 15.0 weight percent and about 20.0 weight percent, vermiculite in the range of between about 20.0 weight percent and about 25.0 weight percent, nut shells in a range of between about 12.0 weight percent and about 20.0 weight percent, fluorspar in a range of between about 11.0 weight percent and about 14.0 weight percent and oil in the range of between about 20.0 weight percent and about 26.0 weight percent.

Abstract: An asbestos-free high performance clutch facing which exhibits a less decrease in the friction coefficient as well as a less wearing during long-term repeated cycles of loading at high temperatures is disclosed.The clutch facing is a disk-shaped clutch facing produced by molding a composition for a friction material with heating and under pressure, the composition comprising:15-50 parts by weight of (I) a binder composition comprising 95-30% by weight of (a) an aromatic hydrocarbon-formaldehyde resin-modified novolak type epoxy resin, and 5-70% by weight of a cyanate ester resin consisting essentially of (b) a polyfunctional cyanate ester, or a prepolymer of the cyanate ester, or (b) and (c) a monofunctional or polyfunctional maleimide;20-70 parts by weight of (II) a fibrous reinforcing substrate with a fiber diameter of 0.2 .mu.m or more;2-20 parts by weight of (III) a metallic fiber substrate with a fiber diameter of 10 .mu.m or more; and5-40 parts by weight of (IV) a friction wear regulator.

Abstract: This invention relates to a friction composition comprising oxidized or phoisphotized metal fibers and to friction elements fabricated therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to acrylic sulfide fibers whose tensile strength is at least 3.5 g/d, toughness expressed by TE.sup.1/2 product of tensile strength (T g/d) and a square root of tensile elongation (E %), is higher than 10 and sulfur content is higher than 0.5 weight %, a process for producing acrylic sulfide fibers characterized by heating acrylic fibers whose tensile strength is at least higher than 7 g/d in sulfur-containing atmosphere, and composite materials being reinforced with above described acrylic sulfide fibers.Acrylic sulfide fibers obtained have high tenacity and high toughness as well as excellent heat resistance, anti-flammability and alkali resistance.Therefore, above described acrylic sulfide fibers are useful for such applications as heat resistant and flame resistant spun-woven products, reinforcing cement cured in an autoclave and abrasive materials as asbestos substituting fibers.

Abstract: A rubber composition in which highly hard particles formed with a rubber-philic coating layer by a fluidized coating treatment are dispersed in a rubber material.

Abstract: A non-asbestos friction material containing friction dust comprising a composite of inorganic compound with polymerization product of cashew nut shell oil is disclosed. The material is used for the brake lining, disc pad and clutch facing for cars and industrial machinery.

Abstract: A friction material for a brake obtained by a process which comprisespreparing (I) a composition for a friction material from (A) a binder composition comprising 95-5 parts by weight of a cyanate ester resin and 5-95 parts by weight of a polycyclic aromatic pitch, (B) a fiber reinforcing substrate, and (C) a friction and wear regulator,thermoforming the composition (I) by hot pressing to cure the binder composition (A), andheat-treating the cured product at a temperature of 270.degree.-800.degree. C. to cyclize or semi-carbonize the binder composition (A) is disclosed which has markedly improved anti-fade properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition suitable for use in friction elements and comprises a frictional material and a binder, the latter being a blend of a polyvinyl alkyl ether with a phenolic resin and optionally a rubber.Compared with conventional friction elements based on organic polymers, the elements produced using the compositions of the present invention shows increases in flexural strength of up to 50% with no loss in wear or friction performance.

Abstract: A friction material for operating in oil containing 5 to 70 wt. % of fibrillated ramie fibers with a freeness of 400 to 700 ml and a friction material for operating in oil further containing cotton pulp and/or aramid fibers in addition to said fibrillated ramie fibers. They improve the wear resistance of friction material under the conditions of high-speed and high-pressure applied and in moisture-containing oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition which is useful for the treads of studless tires which provides improved grip properties on frozen roads and preserves good performance after being used for a long period of time. The rubber composition of the present invention comprises a base rubber and an inorganic halide which has a melting point of 180.degree. C. or more, an average particle size of 20 to 600 micrometer and a solubility of 5 g or more in 100 g of water at 0.degree. C.; said inorganic halide being present in an amount of 3 to 35 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said base rubber.

Abstract: A rubber composition which contains, in a matrix consisting mainly of rubber, irregularly shaped particles having high hardness, and subjected to surface treatment for improving their affinity for the matrix, or their adhesion to it.