Abstract: An optically clear structural laminate includes a thermosetting resin, a silane coupling agent and a filler. The laminate has a high weight to strength ratio and is capable of optical transmission over a wide range of temperatures. The laminate has increased tensile strength and is capable of being easily formed into complex shaped components. The structural properties of the laminate make it useful as aircraft canopies and windows.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that are capable of being dispersed in a target medium. The compositions include characteristic use particles entrapped within a physical entrapment phase, wherein the physical entrapment phase is dispersible in the target medium. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention physically prevent the agglomeration or self-association of the characteristic use particles. Also disclosed are processes for manufacturing compositions that are capable of being dispersed in a target medium.

Abstract: A mixture including a high specific gravity masterbatch pellets group (A) with specific gravity within a range from 1.8 to 3.5, and a low specific gravity masterbatch pellets group (B) with specific gravity within a range from 0.5 to 1.6. The high specific gravity masterbatch pellets group (A) comprises m different columnar masterbatch pellets, each with a different specific gravity, and the low specific gravity masterbatch pellets group (B) comprises n different columnar masterbatch pellets, each with a different specific gravity. The high specific gravity masterbatch pellets group (A) and the low specific gravity masterbatch pellets group (B) satisfy a formula (1) shown below: 0.5 ? ? ( mm - 1 ) ? ? p = 1 m ? ( Hp Sp × Rp ) - ? q = 1 n ? ( Hq Sq × Rq ) ? 12 ? ? ( mm - 1 ) ? .

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that are capable of being dispersed in a target medium. The compositions include characteristic use particles entrapped within a physical entrapment phase, wherein the physical entrapment phase is dispersible in the target medium. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention physically prevent the agglomeration or self-association of the characteristic use particles. Also disclosed are processes for manufacturing compositions that are capable of being dispersed in a target medium.

Abstract: Coating compositions, methods and articles of manufacture comprising a nanoparticle system employing same to impart surface modifying benefits for all types of soft surfaces, and in some cases, hard surfaces, are disclosed. In some embodiments, dispersement of nanoparticles in a suitable carrier medium allows for the creation of coating compositions, methods and articles of manufacture that create multi-use benefits to the modified surfaces. These surface modifications can produce long lasting or semi-permanent multi-use benefits that, in some embodiments, may include at least one of the following improved surface properties: cleaning, wettability, liquid strike-through, comfort, stain resistance, soil removal, malodor control, modification of surface friction, reduced damage to abrasion and color enhancement, relative to the surfaces unmodified with such nanoparticle systems.

Abstract: A method of self-healing cracks in a cured epoxy base underfill material between an I/C chip and a substrate is provided. A plurality of capsules is dispersed in the epoxy base. Each capsule has a curable thermosetting adhesive encapsulated in a rupturable shell to disperse the thermosetting adhesive in a crack in the epoxy base when the shell ruptures. Each capsule is less than 25 microns in diameter. A curing agent that will cause a reaction of the thermosetting adhesive on contact is dispersed in the epoxy to form a cured adhesive in a crack in said epoxy base. The shell will rupture when encountering a crack being propagated in the underfill material, which will at least partially fill the crack with the adhesive, and cure the adhesive with the curing agent to bond the edges of the crack together. The invention also includes the structure for crack self-healing.

Abstract: A water dispersible polymer particle stabilized by a hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide dispersant or a heterogeneous method for forming polymer particles comprising providing a water immiscible organic phase comprising at least one monomer dispersed in a continuous water phase and a hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide, and polymerizing the organic phase to yield polymer particles stabilized with hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide. Also, a heterogeneous method for forming polymer particles comprising providing a water immiscible organic dispersed in a continuous water phase, polymerizing the organic phase, and adding hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide to yield polymer particles stabilized with hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of a particulate polymer, said process comprising: i) forming an aqueous dispersion comprising a particulate polymer seed material and a first organic compound; ii) allowing said first organic compound to diffuse into said seed material to produce a pre-swollen seed material; iii) contacting said pre-swollen seed material in aqueous dispersion with said first organic compound and a second organic compound, preferably one which is soluble in said first organic compound; iv) allowing or causing said first and second organic compounds to pass into said pre-swollen seed material to produce an activated seed material; v) contacting said activated seed material with a monomer and effecting suspension polymerization thereof.

Abstract: This invention aims to provide a favorable feel coating film having gently soft feel (comfortable feel), a coating composition for forming the coating film, and fine particles of a polymer for incorporation in the coating composition, and concerns with fine particles of lanolin-deposited polyurethane resin obtainable by reacting at least one of polyesters and polyethers with polyisocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups in a poor solvent in the presence of a lanolin derivative; a coating composition comprising (i) at least one binder resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and polyether resins, the binder resin having a specific glass transition temperature, a specific number average molecular weight and a specific hydroxyl value, (ii) polyisocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, (iii) the fine particles of polyurethane resin as described above, and (iv) an organic solvent; and an article coated with the coating composition.

Abstract: This invention provides a light white mineral oil-based fluidized polymer suspension (FPS) composition for use as a rheology modifier in paper coatings. It has been found that by using a selected composition of low viscosity oil as a carrier, high solids content and environmental friendly fluidized polymer suspensions of water soluble cellulose derivatives, synthetic water soluble polymers, guar gum and derivatives, starch and derivatives and mixtures thereof, can be prepared. The FPS of the present invention was found to provide unexpected beneficial performance properties when added as a rheology modifier to a paper coating containing standard binders, pigment, and water. The oil-based fluid polymer suspension composition of the present invention for use as a rheology modifier in the paper coating comprises: a hydrophilic polymer, b) an organophilic clay, c) a surfactant stabilizer, and d) a light white mineral oil having selected properties.

Abstract: The present invention is an optical fiber made of semi-crystalline polymer. By “semi-crystalline” it is meant that final fiber product produced by the teaching herein has from about 30% to about 99% crystallinity.

Abstract: A polyacetal resin composition of high flame retardancy and stability comprises a polyacetal resin, a flame retardant, and a basic nitrogen-containing compound (urea, amidine, aminotriazine, hydrazine, derivatives thereof, amide, urethane). The flame retardant may comprise an aromatic compound reactive to formaldehyde and a phosphorus-containing compound (e.g., red phosphorus, organic phosphonates, organic phosphinates, ammonium polyphosphate, and other phosphoric acid salts, phosphates), and the aromatic compound may be a hydroxyl group and/or amino group-containing compound or an aromatic ring-containing resin (e.g., novolak resins, aralkyl resins, vinylphenol resins, aniline resins, aromatic nylon resins, polycarbonate resins, polyarylate resins, aromatic epoxy resins, aromatic polyether resins). The ratio of the phosphorus-containing compound per 100 parts by weight of the aromatic compound is 1 to 500 parts by weight.

Abstract: The present invention are methods for and products having an elemental sulfur matrix. The matrix is formed by using an amount of shear force on molten elemental sulfur, where the molten sulfur is combined with a matrix forming material.

Abstract: There are provided an inorganic filler, multi-functional filler, an organic compound filler, a modified filler, and a dental coloring filler suitable in use as a filler in a dental composition, compositions having a resin matrix of an organic polymer material, as well as a process for producing the same. Disclosed are an inorganic filler which comprises an inorganic fine particle, wherein the surface of the inorganic fine particle is covered with polysiloxane. Also disclosed is a multi-functional filler which comprises an inorganic fine particle containing an acid reactive element, wherein a cement reactive phase is formed on the surface of the inorganic fine particle, and the cement reactive phase is further covered with polysiloxane. Also disclosed is an organic compound filler which comprises an organic-inorganic polymer particle or an organic polymer particle, wherein the surface of the organic-inorganic polymer particle or an organic polymer particle is covered with an inorganic film.

Abstract: A polymer-based reinforced rubber composition may be produced that comprises a) a plurality of polymer-based fibers, wherein at least some of the plurality of polymer-based fibers comprises at least one surface modification agent; and b) a rubber compound, wherein the rubber compound comprises a plurality of active rubber moieties, and wherein at least some of the plurality of active rubber moieties is adhesively interactive with the surface modification agent.

Abstract: In-organic fillers are modified by in-situ co-polymerization of vinyl silane and another vinyl monomer. Vinyl silane couples with the filler by Si—O bonds. The remaining vinyl groups on the surface of the treated fillers then co-polymerize with the other vinyl monomer. The modified in-organic fillers treated by the in-situ co-polymerization are subsequently used to fill the polymer matrix. Tensile and impact strength of filler-reinforced polymer composites are improved remarkably.

Abstract: In an insulating film having improved adhesive strength and a multilayer printed circuit board having the same, the insulating film made of an epoxy resin, a rubber and a filler, for use in an insulating layer of a multilayer printed circuit board, is composed of a first coating layer and a second coating layer. The first coating layer has a greater amount of rubber and filler and a smaller amount of epoxy resin than the second coating layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rubber mixture containing a nitrile rubber, a metal salt of an acrylate, a liquid acrylate and optionally other additives, a process for its preparation, and use for all types of molded articles, in particular roller coatings.

Abstract: This invention relates to a prepreg which comprises a substrate and a resin composition containing a resin, an inorganic filler in an amount of 25% by volume based on the total volume of a solid component of the resin composition and a silicone polymer, which resin composition being impregnated into the substrate, and to a metal-clad-laminated board which comprises at least one metal foil being laminated on both surfaces or one surface of the prepreg mentioned above, or a laminated board of the prepregs under heating and pressure.

Abstract: A flame-resistant additive for textile materials and microfiber non-woven fabrics of the artificial-leather type that imparts a high level of fireproofing properties to the textile material treated without negatively affecting the visual and mechanical characteristics, softness to the touch. The flame-resistant additive includes a fireproofing component having a finely divided mixture of melamine and melamine cyanurate and a clay or other adsorbent material such as diatomaceous earth, zeolite, inorganic oxides such as alumina, silica, magnesium oxide or mixtures of inorganic oxides and a binder which includes an aqueous dispersion of an acrylic or maleic polymer or copolymer and a multifunctional cross-linker of the acrylic or maleic polymer or copolymer.

Abstract: A display media with an encapsulant medium, and bichromal beads having a charge adjuvant, wherein the bichromal beads are dispersed or contained in the encapsulant medium is set forth.

Abstract: A method for dispersing solid forms of additives in polymers involves adding dispersions or solutions of additive(s) to a solution of polymer in a tubular mixer (preferably in the presence of a stationary mixer). The mixer leads to a steam precipitation step wherein all fluid ingredients in the mixture are volatilized leaving the solid additive and resin in the desired ratio. This results in a uniform dispersion of the additives in the polymer matrix. As a result of the high dispersion, physical properties of a thermoplastic resin, to which the polymer matrix has been added are preserved. In one illustration, PTFE as a drip inhibitor additive, is added to polycarbonate to obtain a highly dispersed PTFE concentrate of improved-drip-inhibition without loss of mechanical properties when added to a thermoplastic molding resin.

Abstract: The present invention are methods for and products having an elemental sulfur matrix. The matrix is formed by using an amount of shear force on molten elemental sulfur, where the molten sulfur is combined with a matrix forming material.

Abstract: This invention provides an apparatus and method for injecting an additive directly into a polymer melt stream. The method comprises supplying a melt flow of a polymeric host material to a die assembly having a thin-plate assembly and injecting at least one additive into at least one predetermined location in a cross-section of the melt flow of the polymeric host material while the melt flow passes through the die assembly. The method achieves uniform dosing of the one or more additives in the extrusion direction in the polymeric host material without homogeneously mixing the one or more additives and the polymeric host material. The apparatus for directly injecting one or more additives into a polymer melt stream comprises a pumping system, a die assembly having a thin-plate assembly, and a distribution line.

Abstract: A connecting material for anisotropically electroconductive connection for bonding and connecting a semiconductor element having a plurality of electrodes recessed from the outer face of the passivation layer formed on the semiconductor element, on the one hand, with a substrate circuit board having a plurality of electrodes in a correspondingly confronted relation to the electrodes of the semiconductor element, on the other hand, which connecting material can afford to attain simultaneously a reliable mechanical bonding of the element with the circuit board and a secured electroconductive connection between the correspondingly confronted electrodes without suffering from damage of the passivation layer, even if the passivation layer is made of a resin.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light stabilization additive package is used in an encapsulant material that may be used in solar cell modules, laminated glass and a variety of other applications. The ultraviolet light stabilization additive package comprises a first hindered amine light stabilizer and a second hindered amine light stabilizer. The first hindered amine light stabilizer provides thermal oxidative stabilization, and the second hindered amine light stabilizer providing photo-oxidative stabilization.

Abstract: A display media and display apparatus with a substrate, and bichromal beads having an electrolyte and a polymer, wherein the bichromal beads are dispersed or contained in the substrate are set forth.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer composite comprising a polymer and a layered clay mineral dispersed in the polymer, the layered clay mineral being a layered clay mineral organized by an organizing agent in an amount of 25% to 85% based on total cation exchange capacity of the layered clay mineral, or by an organizing agent comprising an organic polyonium compound. In such a polymer composite, even when the polymer employed is a polar polymer, the dispersibility of layered clay mineral is favorable, and physical properties such as mechanical properties and gas barrier property are excellent.

Abstract: A conductive filler in the form of non-conductive particles coated with plural layers of metal plating is provided wherein the lower layer is of copper or copper alloy plating, and the uppermost layer is of gold plating. The conductive powder has a high conductivity, improved durability, especially oxidation resistance, and a relatively low specific gravity.

Abstract: The invention relates to an additive compositions for rubbers and rubber mixtures which contain at least one solid, powdery substance and at least one dispersant, the at least one additive substance being coated with the at least one dispersant. The compositions are present as granulate and are prepared by means of a multi-stage fluidized-bed process. The invention also relates to the use of the additive compositions in the preparation of rubber and products obtained using them.

Abstract: A free-flowing granular polymer composition suitable for incorporation into a particulate detergent composition comprises a defined dye-transfer-inhibiting polymer, preferably poly(4-vinylpyridine) sodium carboxymethyl betaine chloride, and a silica-based carrier material. A preferred carrier material is an acidic silica. The silica-based carrier material may optionally comprise a solid acid, for example, polyacrylic acid or phthalic acid.

Abstract: A heat absorbing coating having a plurality of micro-capsules each being an encapsulant shell and a heat absorbing material within the shell, and a carrier adherable to a substrate and throughout which the micro-capsules are dispersed. The heat absorbing material is preferably a phase change material and can be non-limitedly chosen from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polywax, and combinations thereof. Shell material can be a metal such as copper, for example, or a polymer. The carrier can be a sprayable polymer mix which provides significant efficacy in uniform application to a substrate. An inventive substrate structure, such as an aircraft structure for example, has thereon the above-defined coating in an amount sufficient to absorb a sufficient amount of heat from the substrate to substantially inhibit thermal erosion in normal operating environments.

Abstract: An easily shaped evacuated porous stonelike body is impregnated in a consistent manner with a fluid polymer forming composition or molten polymer composition and solidified to form a polymeric matrix stone product bearing a striking resemblance to a natural rock in texture, structure, and formation exhibited throughout any substantial cross section. The polymeric composition is decoratively enhanced by the labyrinthic skeletal framework of the porous body and the skeletal framework is structurally enhanced by the polymeric composition. The method of forming the product closely duplicates the natural formation of most of the rocks exposed at the surface of the earth. Therefore, a wide range of stonelike textures are now available in a dimensional stock product of pre-determined size and shape. A wide range of chemical and physical properties are also possible depending upon the specific combination of porous bodies and solidified polymeric compositions.

Abstract: An electrically conducting member (2) is insulated with a thin coating (6) of a resinous insulation composition containing a resin interactive with and bonded to an oligomer containing a metal of at least one of Cr, Sn and Zn, where the oligomer is within a silicate type mica or clay structure.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions include a nonaqueous additive system having dispersant-coated pigments physically dispersed in a liquid nonaqueous polymeric carrier which may be added directly to a melt flow of a polymeric host material. The additive system employed in the polymeric systems is most preferably in the form of a particulate paste which can be added in metered amounts (dosed) to a melt flow of the polymeric host material prior to being spun into filaments. By providing a number of additive systems having a number of different additive attributes, and controllably dosing one or more into the melt flow of host polymeric material, shaped objects of the polymeric material (e.g., melt-spun filaments) having different additive attributes may be produced on a continuous basis without shutting down the shaping operation.

Abstract: A composition comprising a thermoset resin which may or may not contain fluorine, bromine or both and containing at least one bromine-containing homo- or multicomponent thermoplastic polymer modifier optionally containing a different halogen which is soluble in the thermoset. Said thermoplastic polymer undergoes an in-situ phase separation process during cure to form a microphase-separated multiphase thermoset material.

Abstract: This invention relates to improving the flow of flowing streams of hydrocarbons, such as petroleum or finished products, in a conduit such as a pipeline. The present invention also relates to a stable, nonagglomerating nonaqueous suspension suitable for improving flow of hydrocarbons in conduits, particularly finished product hydrocarbons in conduits.

Abstract: The present invention provides an epoxy resin composition comprising: (a) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in each molecule; (b) a phenolic resin composition comprising a condensation product of: (i) a phenol; (ii) a compound having a triazine ring; and (iii) an aldehyde, the mixture or condensation product being substantially free from any unreacted aldehydes, or methylol groups; (c) a rubber component; and (d) a curing accelerator. The epoxy resin composition has minute protrusions having a maximum height (Ry) .ltoreq.1.0 .mu.m, formed on its surface by thermosetting at or above 80.degree. C. The invention also provides a process for manufacturing a multilayer printed-wiring board of the build-up type which has a formed copper plating layer.

Abstract: A non-halogen flame retardant polyester resin composition shows high flame retardancy with a small amount of a flame retardant, provides a molded product not causing dripping at the time of combustion, is excellent in mechanical strength and resin knead-processability, and is free from bleed-out by annealing, wherein the resin composition comprises 100 parts by weight of a polyester such as polytetramethylene terephthalate, 1 to 15 parts by weight of coated red phosphorus powder and 3 to 70 parts by weight of a novolak phenol resin.

Abstract: Solid form additive systems which are dispersible in aqueous media are disclosed, as are methods for preparing such additive systems and methods for dispersing such additive systems in aqueous media. Also disclosed are methods for applying additives to polymeric particles and the polymeric particles treated by such methods. These polymeric particles can be made into articles that can be used in a wide range of applications, e.g., as film or packaging for food, medicine and the like.

Abstract: The stability of colloidal metal oxide particles which have been encapsulated in a polymer resin is extended by the addition of a water-soluble polyacrylamide polymer.

Abstract: Ink-jet inks for ink-jet printing are provided which include a vehicle and a colorant, the colorant associated with a primer core/shell polymer to form a primer/colorant combination, and the primer/colorant combination, upon printing on a print medium, encapsulated by a durable core/shell polymer. The primer core/shell polymer serves to promote adhesion of the durable core/shell polymer to the colorant and to disperse the colorant in the ink and the durable core/shell polymer serves to provide a smear-fast film upon drying of the ink on a print medium. The primer core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell comprising a polar component, while the durable core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core comprising a first T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass trnnsition temperature, T.sub.g, between -150.degree. C. to +25.degree. C. and a second T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass transition temperature above +25.degree. C.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition comprising (a) an epoxy resin, (b) a curing agent, (c) a cure accelerator and (d) silica powder. The silica powder (d) is composed of (d1) a first silica powder having a particle diameter ranging from 5 to 75 .mu.m, (d2) a second silica powder having a particle diameter ranging from 0.2 to 0.9 .mu.m, and (d3) a third silica powder having a particle diameter ranging from 0.01 to 0.08 .mu.m.

Abstract: An inkjet recording ink having excellent water resistance and having excellent ejection stability through a nozzle, which ink is obtained by dispersing colorant particles in a water-based liquid, the colorant particles being a product formed by coating each of resin particles having an average particle diameter of 50 to 300 nm with an organic pigment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expanded resin bead comprising:a core which comprises a crystalline thermoplastic resin and is in an expanded state, anda coat which comprises an ethylene-based polymer which is lower in melting point than said thermoplastic resin or shows substantially no melting point, and which coat is in a substantially unexpanded state.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin and a titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) pigment and having a moisture content of 10-1,400 ppm as determined by a specific method. A preferable resin composition is made by (i) atomizing 0.1-3.0 wt. parts of an organopolysiloxane within a fluidized powder layer of 100 wt. parts of TiO.sub.2 pigment; (ii) mixing 1-5 wt. parts of a metallic soap with 100 wt. parts of the TiO.sub.2 pigment; (iii) heat-treating the thus-obtained mixture at 70-200.degree. C. for 10 min-2 hours; and then (iv) mixing a thermoplastic resin with the heat-treated mixture. The resin composition is used for coating paper or film, when it contains 20-60 wt. % of TiO.sub.2 pigment. The resin composition is used as a master batch for the preparation of a resin composition for coating paper or film, when it contains 30-80 wt. % of TiO.sub.2 pigment.

Abstract: A method for dispersing solid forms of additives in polymers involves adding dispersions or solutions of additive(s) to a solution of polymer in a tubular mixer (preferably in the presence of a stationary mixer). The mixer leads to a steam precipitation step wherein all fluid ingredients in the mixture are volatilized leaving the solid additive and resin in the desired ratio. This results in a uniform dispersion of the additives in the polymer matrix. As a result of the high dispersion, physical properties of a thermoplastic resin, to which the polymer matrix has been added are preserved. In one illustration, PTFE as a drip inhibitor additive, is added to polycarbonate to obtain a highly dispersed PTFE concentrate of improved drip-inhibition without loss of mechanical properties when added to a thermoplastic molding resin.

Abstract: Intercalates formed by contacting the layer material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant to sorb or intercalate the between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant polymer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets at least about 5 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to 5% by weight water), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 10-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. A monovalent, divalent and/or trivalent cation is added to the intercalating composition, or after intercalation for surprising increases in viscosity. The intercalated complex is combined with an organic liquid into an unexpectedly viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound, e.g., a pharmaceutical, or cosmetic, or lubricant, e.g., food grade lubricants dissolved or dispersed in the carrier material.

Abstract: Ink-jet inks for ink-jet printing are provided which include a vehicle and a colorant, the colorant encapsulated by or associated with a primer core/shell polymer to form a primer/colorant combination, and the primer/colorant combination, upon printing on a print medium, encapsulated by a durable core/shell polymer. The primer core/shell polymer serves to provide adhesion of the durable core/shell polymer to the colorant and the durable core/shell polymer serves to provide a smear-fast film upon drying of the ink on a print medium. The primer core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell comprising a polar component, while the durable core/shell polymer comprises a hydrophobic core comprising a low T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass transition temperature, T.sub.g, below 25.degree. C. and a high T.sub.g component, which, when homopolymerized, has a glass transition temperature above 25.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention is a process for bonding two substrates together which comprises contacting an adhesive composition comprising a polyurethane prepolymer comprising the reaction product of: A) a polyisocyanate; B) one or more compounds or polymers having isocyanate-reactive moieties; C) a dispersion triol containing from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight based on the dispersion of particles of an organic polymer which is nonreactive with the polyols and polyisocyanates having a particle size of from about 5 to about 50 microns; wherein the prepolymer has a free isocyanate content of from about 0.8 to about 2.2 percent; with at least one of the substrates and contacting the substrates together along the portion of the substrate(s) to which the adhesive has been applied before the adhesive applied cures and allowing the adhesive to cure and bond the substrates together.