Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method wherein fibers are treated with a first, second, and third treatment solution. The third treatment solution includes a chlorinated rubber and a rubber-containing composition having acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber or hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. The treated fibers are positioned contiguous, and adhered, to an unvulcanized hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber composition which is then vulcanized. The resulting rubber-fiber composite exhibits improved adhesion between the hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber composition and the fibers. Adhesion is maintained in a hot environment even if subjected to what would conventionally be considered conditions that would result in thermal deterioration under high temperature. Thus, the rubber-fiber composite exhibits enhanced durability under the severe service conditions experienced by rubber-fiber composites.

Abstract: Thermal spray powders are characterized by the presence of a matrix-forming component, a solid lubricant component and a plastic component. Abradable coatings formed by thermal spraying the powders abrade readily to form abradable seals. The abradable coatings have a metal, metal alloy, or ceramic matrix with discrete inclusions of solid lubricant and plastic. The thermal spray powders may be prepared as mechanically fused agglomerates.

Abstract: Disclosed are pigment composite particles which are superior in water resistance, weather resistance, thermal stability and hardness. The pigment composite particles are prepared by suspension-polymerizing an aqueous suspension comprising(a) a pigment paste comprising pigment and a pigment grinding resin having a hydrophilic group of at least 0.2 mmol/g,(b) a polymerizable monomer and(c) a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A modeling dough comprising gelled poly(vinyl alcohol), water and a filler provides a dough resistant to flaking, cracking, and crumbling. In the disclosed invention, the poly(vinyl alcohol) resin is gelled, thereby providing a water-based resin system that is not sticky yet very ductile. Prior to drying, the dough also exhibits the properties of bounceability and the ability to pick up newsprint. After the dough is air-dried, the poly(vinyl alcohol) resin serves to bind the components into a solid, durable product. The filler accounts for a large portion of the volume of the dough, so the overall volume is not greatly affected by water loss upon drying. The dough is water-based and easy to wash from skin, carpets, and other surfaces. Dyes and pigments can be easily incorporated into the formula. The dried product is sandable, carveable and paintable.

Abstract: Disclosed are olefin polymers in nonextruded, aspolymerized particle form having a regular, essentially symmetrical geometrical shape, which are stabilized by depositing on their surface a mixture which is either melted, or in which at least stabilizer (A) is in the liquid state, and which comprises the following stabilizers (percent by weight on the polymer):A) from 0.02% to 0.015% of one or more organic phosphites or phosphonites or mixtures thereof, which are liquid at room temperature or have melting point below 100.degree. C.;B) from 0.025% to 0.2% of one or more phenolic antioxidants with melting point from 45.degree. to 130.degree. C.; and, optionally, one or more of the following additional components:C) from 0.05% to 0.5% of one or more thioethers, or organic polysulfides or mixtures thereof;D) from 0.1% to 1.0% of one or more light stabilizers which are liquid at room temperature or have a melting point below 150.degree. C.

Abstract: Polymer particles which carry, implanted on their surface, amphiphilic molecules carrying ion-forming or reactive groups, and dispersions thereof, which may be prepared by contacting a latex of particles of a polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg greater than about 40.degree. C., with an amphophilic compound having an HLB greater than or equal to 10 and a molecular weight greater than or equal to 400. The contacting is carried out at a temperature within the glass transition zone of the polymer, until enmeshing of the polymer chains and of the hydrophobic blocks of the amphiphilic compound has been achieved. The hydrophilic block of the amphiphilic compound carries at least one ion-forming or reactive group. The particles and their dispersions are useful in biological applications.

Abstract: A heat curable hot melt adhesive system is disclosed. The system uses an epoxy-crosslinking ethylene polymer component, a tackifier compatible therewith and an epoxy crosslinking agent having an epoxide functionality of at least 2. The ethylene polymer component may be either an ethylene copolymer of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or an ethylene copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated alcohol used in combination with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride. The dicarboxylic acid anhydride and/or the epoxy can be encapsulated to inhibit premature crosslinking. The formulation is applied to a substrate surface as a hot melt at a moderate temperature, and subsequently cured by heating the adhesive composition to a higher curing temperature.

Abstract: A method of producing a conductive silicone rubber particulate is disclosed in which the particulate is from 0.1 to 100 micrometers average diameter and is coated on the surface with carbon black. The method prepares an aqueous dispersion of silicone rubber composition particulate, carbon black, surfactant, and water, then removes the water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of powdered heat-curable reaction mixtures in which melt suspension of (a) solid polyisocyanates having melting points above about 60.degree. C., (b) molten high molecular weight isocyanate-reactive compounds having molecular weights of from 400 to 10,000 that have melting or softening points of 50.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., and (c) optionally, solid or liquid low molecular weight chain-extending or crosslinking compounds having molecular weights of from 62 to 399, are added to an inert solvent containing an emulsifier, thereby forming powdered heat-curable reaction mixtures in which components (a), (b), and (c) remain in uncrossedlinked form. The invention further relates to the use of the heat-curing reaction mixtures for the preparation of high-quality polyurethane polyurea plastics.

Abstract: A reinforced polymeric matrix comprising a glass mat and a norbornene polymer surrounding the glass mat, the glass mat is composed of at least one glass fiber treated with a silane coupling agent and a binder adhering the glass fiber(s) to the norbornene polymer; the binder is selected from polyolefins, vinyl aromatic polymers, and ring-opened polymers of at least one norbornene-type monomer containing at least one norbornene group.

Abstract: In a heat curable silicone rubber composition comprising a polydiorganosiloxane base polymer and a curing catalyst, the improvement comprising an effective amount of co-curing agent. Preferably, the co-curing agent has the general formula ##STR1## where R is H or a C.sub.1-5 alkyl radical, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-5 alkylene radical, each R.sup.2 is independently selected from H and CH.sub.3, R.sup.3 is H or CH.sub.3, n equals 0 or 1, and m is an integer from 3 to 6, inclusive.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermochromic color masterbatch for use in a thermoplastic resin comprising a wax having substantially homogeneously dispersed therein a thermochromic granular material which is coated with a hydrophilic high-molecular weight substance, said thermochromic granular material being a mixture of a thermochromic composition comprising an electron-donating chromogen, an electron acceptor and a solvent with a thermosetting resin.

Abstract: Polymer particles which carry, implanted on their surface, amphiphilic molecules carrying ion-forming or reactive groups, and dispersions thereof, which may be prepared by contacting a latex of particles of a polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg greater than about 40.degree. C., with an amphiphilic compound having an HLB greater than or equal to 10 and a molecular weight greater than or equal to 400. The contacting is carried out at a temperature within the glass transition zone of the polymer, until enmeshing of the polymer chains and of the hydrophobic blocks of the amphiphilic compound has been achieved. The hydrophilic block of the amphiphilic compound carries at least one ion-forming or reactive group. The particles and their dispersions are useful in biological applications.

Abstract: Polymer particles possessing, implanted on their surface, amphiphilic molecules carrying ion-forming or reactive groups, and dispersions thereof, prepared by diffusing, into a previously prepared aqueous seeding dispersion of polymer particles, an organosoluble polymerization initiator, swelling the particles of the dispersion thus obtained by introducing a monomer composition comprising at least one monomer and at least one amphiphilic compound, and polymerizing the monomer composition.

Abstract: Polymer composites reinforced with carbon fibers coated with polybutadiyne and the coated fibers are described. The polybutadiyne coating is formed in a closely adherent film on or slightly below the surface of carbon fibers by substantially simultaneously vapor depositing and polymerizing butadiyne on the fiber.

Abstract: There is disclosed the use of microencapsulated antidegradants in rubber and a process for the production of microencapsulated antidegradants. More specifically, this invention is directed to the cellulose acetate microencapsulation of para-phenylene diamine based antiozonants at wall to core ratios greater than 1:1 but less than 4:1. The microcapsules preferably have a particle diameter of less than 50 microns. The microencapsulated antidegradant prepared and used according to this invention provides long term protection to rubber articles that are subject to ozone and oxygen attack.

Abstract: A polymer granulate whose particles consist of a core component and a coating component can be prepared by mixing a granular polymer with a pulverulent coating agent. The core component is made of a water-soluble polymer, in particular a polyvinyl alcohol. The coating component is a water-soluble or water-insoluble substance which is applied to the water-moistened particles of the core component. The particles of the polymer granulate have diameters within the range from 0.6 to 6 mm. The granulate has particularly good freeflowing properties; it is especially suitable for preparing adhesives.

Abstract: A treated powdery copolymer of vinyl ester-ethylene comprises a powdery vinyl ester-ethylene copolymer. The surface of the copolymer is coated with a wax having a melting point of at least 40.degree. C., at least said melting point.

Abstract: A metal-coated substrate, e.g., of glass, ceramic, or a hydroxy-functionalized material, wherein the improvement comprises a polysilicate, titania, or alumina interlayer between the substrate and the metal coating. The interlayer may have a porous microstructure, e.g., a polysilicate interlayer with an average pore size on the order of 50-150 Angstroms.Such articles, e.g., in the form of metal-coated fibers, may suitably be employed as reinforcing media in material composites having utility in structural applications, such as EMI shielding elements.Also disclosed is a corresponding method for forming a metal coating on a substrate by the provision of an interlayer of the above type. The interlayer may suitably be formed by applying to the substrate a sol gel dispersion of the polysilicate, titania, or alumina material, followed by drying of the applied dispersion.

Abstract: A process for impregnating cementitious solids with polymeric materials by blending polymeric materials in a grout, allowing the grout to cure, and contacting the resulting solidified grout containing the polymeric materials with an organic mixture containing a monomer, a cross-linking agent and a catalyst. The mixture dissolves the polymerized particles and forms a channel for distributing the monomer throughout the network formed by the polymeric particles. The organic components are then cured to form a substantially water-impermeable mass.

Abstract: Compositions containing an organic pigment coated with metal oxides, wherein the pigment particles are provided with a tenacious, dense, highly crosslinked coating of silica and/or alumina which is fixed by polycondensation of a silicate and/or aluminate with the free hydroxyl groups of a layer of ethyl cellulose that densely coats the surface of the pigment particles.Pigment compositions of this kind are distinguished in particular by excellent rheological properties in varnish and printing ink systems, by high gloss of the finishes obtained therewith, and by substantial non-deformation of the plastic mouldings pigmented therewith.

Abstract: This invention provides a flame-retardant resin composition comprising (A) about 100 parts by weight of at least one resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, isobutylene-isoprene copolymer and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, (B) about 50 to about 300 parts by weight of a hydrate of metallic oxide, and (C) about 0.05 to about 5 parts by weight of a phosphorus-containing titanate coupling agent, the composition having been already crosslinked by use of about 0.1 to about 20 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent or by irradiation of ionizable radiation.The composition of the invention has an outstanding flame retardancy and can be made into a molded product capable of exhibiting fully useful mechanical and electrical characteristics.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is a novel drilling fluid additive for use in reducing lost circulation in wellbores and a method for employing the invention additive for reducing such lost circulation. The invention additive is a highly oil absorbent polymer encapsulated by a reaction-preventive protective casing to prevent the polymer from expanding by absorbing oil until it is desired to breach the casing. The reaction-preventive protective casing may be a film which will dissolve after a desired time of residence in the borehole or a film or clay which can be ruptured in the formation, releasing the oil absorbent polymer to expand by absorbing oil. The substantially expanded polymer will seal off their zones and fissures, reducing lost circulation.

Abstract: The invention pertains to particulate compositions comprising a mixture of a low melting point petroleum additive and a higher melting point polymer which mixture is then coated with a high melting point polymer. The mixture of the additive and higher melting point polymer has a melting point close to the melting point of the polymer (i.e., significantly higher than the melting point of the additive). The high melting point polymer coating allows the composition to be added to petroleum systems having high temperatures without immediately dissolving, i.e., the compositions are only slowly soluble in hot crude oil. Accordingly, a slow, controlled release is afforded by the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Curable compositions are provided comprising epoxide prepolymers and polyaminobenzoates, alone, or combined with reinforcements, e.g., graphite fibers, and, optionally modified with second resins. The cured fiber resin matrix compositions exhibit high toughness combined with excellent hot/wet strength.

Abstract: Aramid fiber is coated with certain sulfonyl azides to improve adhesion to polymer matrices.

Abstract: The invention pertains to particulate compositions comprising a mixture of a low melting point petroleum additive and a higher melting point polymer which mixture is then coated with a high melting point polymer. The mixture of the additive and higher melting point polymer has a melting point close to the melting point of the polymer (i.e., significantly higher than the melting point of the additive). The high melting point polymer coating allows the composition to be added to petroleum systems having high temperatures without immediately dissolving, i.e., the compositions are only slowly soluble in hot crude oil. Accordingly, a slow, controlled release is afforded by the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: A thixotropic gel composition comprising an .alpha.-cyanoacrylate monomer, stabilizer, plasticizer and free radical scavenger is improved with the addition of fibers, spheres or mixtures of the same of certain materials which are insoluble in and inert to the .alpha.-cyanoacrylate monomer. The fibers or spheres composed of such materials as polyolefins, polyesters or polyamides enhance the physical and chemical characteristics of the thixotropic gel.

Abstract: A process is provided for the incorporation of fibrous material into a polymer wherein the fibrous material as a dispersion in water is added to a solution of the polymer which is being subjected to agitation, whereby the fibrous material transfers from the aqueous phase to the polymer solution, and the polymer-fibrous material mixture is recovered.

Abstract: A granular flame retardant additive is provided comprising from 70 to 99.5% by weight of an organohalide flame retardant and from 0.5 to 30% by weight of thermoplastic synthetic resin as a binder. The additive is easy to handle and resistant to disintegration during transportation and mixing with fabricating resin pellets. Uniform distribution thereof in fabricated thermoplastic articles is achieved by simply co-feeding the granules and the fabricating resin to a fabricating machine.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel fluorinated compounds derived from 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride that are useful as surface modifiers for various fibers. The novel compounds contain two fluorinated ester derived from fluorinated alcohols and two esters derived from oxirane compounds.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage composite pellet-shaped product of about 1/8 inch to 1 inch in size, formed of an outer seamless shell member which defines a cavity that permanently encases a phase-change composition, the composition being present in a quantity such that the total volume of the composition, whether in its solid form, liquid form, or both forms as in its transition state, never exceeds the volume of the cavity; and a process for making the product which includes using the phase-change composition in a compacted powder form as cast about which the shell member is formed by roll-coating steps.

Abstract: In a method of incorporating fibers in a rubber matrix, an improved fiber pretreatment is disclosed which comprises mixing from 3% to 15% by weight vinyl pyridine latex with a fiber-in-water mixture of essentially delignified hardwood fibers which have not been subjected to post-delignification drying, said mixture having a consistency of from 10% to 40% solids, subsequently expressing water and drying the treated fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed are thixotropic polyester compositions wherein the thixotropic characteristics are provided by incorporation into the polyester of a member selected from the group consisting of a precipitated silicon dioxide and a mixture of a precipitated silicon dioxide and a fumed silica. The resulting thixotropic polyester compositions are useful in industries where the resin must not drain from a vertical surface before cure, such as in the boat building industry, and in electrical and transportation applications, and particularly in fiberglass reinforced unsaturated polyester resins and gel coats.

Abstract: Water-insoluble, high water-absorbent polymer beads are prepared by dispersing and suspending an aqueous solution of a water-soluble, ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a small amount of a crosslinking agent in a dispersion medium of a hydrocarbon or a halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon, carrying out the bead polymerization in the presence of a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator and a protecting colloid comprising a cellulose ester or cellulose ether which is oil-soluble at the polymerization temperature, and separating the resulting beads.

Abstract: Vegetable oils or vegetable oil alkyds are emulsified in aqueous medium by means of a suitable emulsifying agent providing particles of oil or alkyd encapsulated in an oxygen permeable layer of emulsifying agent. The emulsified oil or alkyd particles are reduced to a predetermined size, and the emulsion is subjected to an oxygen-containing gas, preferably at elevated pressures, to effect autoxidation by cross-linking between olefin groups of unsaturated fatty acid moieties of the vegetable oils. Autoxidation is continued until the emulsified particles gel or nearly gel. When applied to a surface and exposed to air, the particles coalesce into a continuous film, and further oxidation and drying of the emulsion occurs.

Abstract: Coating of aramid filaments with certain polyfunctional aziridines increases interlaminar shear strength of unsaturated polyester matrix composites.

Abstract: Sized glass fibers are provided that enables the production of sized glass fibers having improved filamentization. When these sized glass fibers are used for reinforcing polymeric materials the reinforced polymeric materials having good mechanical properties such as tensile strength and compaction without fuzz, fly or static properties of the strands. The reinforced polymeric materials and other improvements of the present invention eminate from the use of an interaction product of an epoxidized polar thermoplastic copolymer and an amino organo silane coupling agent in an aqueous sizing composition that also contains a predominant amount of a cross-linkable film former. The aqueous sizing composition has one or more cross-linkable film formers, one or more organo silane coupling agents and about 2 to about 12 weight percent of an interaction product of an unhydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed amino organo silane coupling agent and an epoxidized polar thermoplastic copolymer.

Abstract: A solid composition of coated water-soluble polymer is made from 80 to 250 parts b.w. of solid particles of at least one water-soluble polymer coated with 100 parts b.w. of at least one paraffinic product solid at room temperature and whose melting point is preferably from 40.degree. to 90.degree. C. The solid composition is made by dispersing particles of the water-soluble polymer in the molten paraffinic product and then cooling down to room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new azulmic acids stabilized by condensation with carbonyl compounds, several processes for their preparation and their use for various purposes.

Abstract: High strength pigment binders for paper coating having increased water retention and stability are disclosed. The coating compositions comprise an aqueous synthetic polymer latex and pigment and may contain other additives used in the art of pigmented paper coating. The latex comprises a dispersed interpolymer of a vinyl ester, a polyethylenically unsaturated comonomer and a ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid and optionally an alkyl acrylate.

Abstract: Powdered and crumb rubber are prepared by dispersing in a starch alkoxide paste appropriately sized particles of wet curd from the precipitation of a latex emulsion, and then insolubilizing the paste by treatment with select bivalent cations. The result is a starch adduct encasing the particulate elastomer, thereby preventing agglomeration and congealing upon storage.

Abstract: A powdery fire-extinguishing agent containing a powder as main ingredient and a powder as adjuvant, both or one of said powders being treated with an organofluorine compound which has a fluoroalkyl group containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms, which has a major transition temperature of 20.degree. C. or higher and a fluorine content of 5% by weight or more, which is insoluble in water and insoluble or sparingly soluble in a combustible liquid, and which has oil repellency; and a process for preparation thereof.