Abstract: A stable dispersion of polyethylene and other polyolefins in a continuous bituminous phase is provided by dissolving macromolecular material into the bitumen to create a potential energy barrier to coalescence and flocculation of the polymer dispersion.

Abstract: A rubber-modified asphalt composition is provided. The asphalt composition includes asphalt, a rubber including at least high vinyl poly(conjugated diene), and at least one phenolic curing resin. The high vinyl poly(conjugated diene) has a vinyl content of at least 35%. The use of phenolic curing agents results in improvements to the softening point of the present asphalt composition while also improving toughness and tenacity.

Abstract: The invention concerns a silicone composition cross-linkable by hydrosilylation into adhesive gel and absorber, characterized in that it comprises:(I) at least a polyorganosiloxane POS (I); (II) at least a polyorganosiloxane POS (II); (III) at least an adhesive promoter (III); (IV) hollow organic microspheres ; (V) optionally at least a polyorganosiloxane POS (V) particularly useful as diluent of POS (I); (VI) an effective amount of hydrosilylation catalyst, preferably of the platinous type.

Abstract: A rubber-modified asphalt composition is provided. The rubber includes at least a polydiene and may further include vinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon monomer contributed units. The rubber is cured by a bismaleimide. The present composition demonstrates improvements in the softening point of the asphalt composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing an asphalt and thermoplastic elastomer composition. The process comprises heating an asphalt cut in a stirred tank to a temperature sufficient to allow the stirring of the asphalt in the tank. A thermoplastic elastomer or rubber is added to the asphalt while continuing to stir the asphalt. The mixture is stirred at a speed and for a period of time sufficient to increase the distribution of the elastomer into the asphalt. The stirring speed is reduced and the temperature is increased to add crosslinking agents to the tank. Stirring is continued for a period of time sufficient to improve the distribution of the crosslinking agent dispersion in the asphalt. Crosslinking agents comprise zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiole and elemental sulfur in a ratio of zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole to sulfur of 2.0/1.0. Useful concentrates are possible using this method while avoiding gel formation.

Abstract: A polymer modified asphalt which includes asphalt, a polymer, an aldehyde or a melamine resin, and an element chosen from a group consisting of Group VI-A of Periodic Table, such as sulphur.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing modified asphalt is characterized by adding a dispersion agent such as furfural or vegetable oil to a modifier material and then mixing the modifier material with asphalt. The dispersion agent facilitates dispersion of the modifier through the asphalt to form a homogeneous mixture. A first activator is added to the mixture to produce a devulcanized and stabilized asphalt material having improved rheological, separation and solubility characteristics. A micro activator is also added to the mixture to improve the ductility of the modified asphalt. The modifier material comprises granular crumb rubber or polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing an asphalt and thermoplastic elastomer composition. The process comprises preparing a crosslinking elastomer concentrate that is added to a heated asphalt cut in a stirred tank and then aged to improve SHRP high temperature grading. The crosslinking elastomer concentrate is prepared by adding thermoplastic elastomer and crosslinking agents to a suitable carrier oil, preferably an aromatic oil such as Hydrolene H series. This concentrate is maintained at a temperature that promotes association between the crosslinking agents and the elastomer for a time sufficient for association to substantially complete. In one embodiment, the associating time is in excess of 2 hours up to 24 hours. The asphalt is heated to a temperature sufficient to allow the stirring of the asphalt in the tank. The crosslinking thermoplastic elastomer concentrate is added to the asphalt while continuing to stir the asphalt.

Abstract: Polymer modified bituminous compositions which are stable against phase separation are provided at greater levels of incorporation of elastomeric polymer having a conjugated diene structure, such as styrene-butadiene rubbers, and/or cross-linking agent, specifically sulfur, by incremental addition of elastomeric polymer and/or cross-linking agent into the bitumen at elevated temperatures of about 150° to about 220° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polymer modified asphalt polyphosphoric and superphosphoric acid treated binder compositions having enhanced high service temperature performance properties and the method of making them and to road paving asphalts containing them.

Abstract: An asphalt stability testing vessel includes a container, an external heater, an internal heater, an agitator assembly, a temperature controller, and at least one sampling tube. The external heater is disposed on the outside surface area of the container. The external heater is surrounded by a thermal insulator. The internal heater is located inside the container and at substantially the bottom thereof. The agitator includes a motor, a shaft, and at least one propeller. The top of the container has at least one opening for the insertion of a sampling tube. The asphalt stability testing vessel is used to prepare modified asphalt binder for numerous stability tests. The tests include external heat without agitation, internal heat with high agitation, and internal heat without agitation. The values of complex shear modulus and phase angle obtained from the modified asphalt binder are analyzed for separation and degradation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an asphalt and polymer composition in which a minor amount of polymer component is subjected to a crosslinking. An asphalt base material is heated in a mixing chamber at a temperature sufficient to melt the asphalt and allow stirring of the asphalt within the chamber. A thermoplastic elastomer is added to the chamber in an amount not greater than 12 wt. %. While the asphalt elastomer formulation is stirred, a crosslinking agent is added in an amount effective to crosslink the thermoplastic elastomer. The crosslinking agent formulation comprises at least two components. One component is a thiopolymer incorporating organic sulfur prepared by the reaction of 6-tertiary butyl cresol and sulfur dichloride which reacts to produce a reaction product comprising 4,4-thiobis(6-tertiary butyl-m-cresol) and the thiopolymer, followed by subsequent separation of the 4,4-thiobis(6-tertiary-butyl-m-cresol) from the thiopolymer product.

Abstract: A storage-stable modified asphalt composition, which comprises: 50-97.7 parts by weight of a base asphalt, 2.0-20.0 parts by weight of a polymer having double bonds, 0.1-20.0 parts by weight of a compatilizer, 0.1-10.0 parts by weight of a cross-linking reagent, and 0.1-10.0 parts by weight of a organic polar compound, and the softening point difference of its product determined by the stability test is lower than 2.5° C. The process for preparing said modified asphalt composition is mixing 50-97.7 parts by weight of a base asphalt, 2.0-20.0 parts by weight of a polymer having double bonds, 0.1-20.0 parts by weight of a compatilizer, 0.1-10.0 parts by weight of a cross-linking reagent, and 0.1-10.0 parts by weight of a organic polar compound under certain conditions. The modified asphalt provided by the present invention has good storage-stability. The preparation process provided by the present invention is simple, and there is no need for special apparatus.

Abstract: A bitumen emulsion comprising bituminous binder, emulsifier, and water. The bituminous binder comprises bitumen and an oxidised wax, and optionally one or more polymers. The incorporation of the oxidised wax into the bituminous binder provides modified bitumen with both a high softening point and a low enough viscosity to allow it to be emulsified. The emulsion may be used as a tack coat in applying a waterproofing layer to a roof base. The emulsion may be made using a static mixing emulsion process.

Abstract: The invention concerns the continuous production of asphalts modified by the addition of polymers and reacted with sulfur. The binders produced by said methods can contain very high amounts of polymers, also combined with secondary materials such as: rubber, various plastics, and waste lubricants. This type of binder, which cannot be obtained by discontinuous batch technology, is produced by the continuous mixing of several asphalt components through a static mixer. Said binders provide very high-performance asphalts and agents for regenerating old asphalts contained in waste road materials, in the process of hot recycling of coated materials. They are also used for producing novel emulsions of highly modified binders, with multiple applications and in particular for cold recycling. This novel method, by regenerating old asphalt contained in waste coated materials, represents a means for waste conversion and for limiting the use of asphalt and road-surfacing aggregates.

Abstract: The present invention is a recipe and method for combining Gilsonite and other asphaltites with curative elastomers that are powder granular form and which are added to asphalt. Second recipe and method is disclosed to create a dry liquid concentrate comprised of cured elastomers in combination with tall oil or other fatty acids and may also include Gilsonite to be added to asphalt.

Abstract: An asphalt stability testing vessel includes a container, an external heater, an internal heater, an agitator assembly, a temperature controller, and at least one sampling tube. The external heater is disposed on the outside surface area of the container. The external heater is surrounded by a thermal insulator. The internal heater is located inside the container and at substantially the bottom thereof. The agitator includes a motor, a shaft, and at least one propeller. The top of the container has at least one opening for the insertion of a sampling tube. The asphalt stability testing vessel is used to prepare modified asphalt binder for numerous stability tests. The tests include external heat without agitation, internal heat with high agitation, and internal heat without agitation. The values of complex shear modulus and phase angle obtained from the modified asphalt binder are analyzed for separation and degradation.

Abstract: An acoustically effective, bituminous mass which can be applied hot by means of a flat extrusion mold contains an addition of a thermosetting resin or thermosetting reagent combination, plus bitumen, polymers and/or wax as well as fillers such as aluminum powder or zinc powder, powdered graphite or mica powder. This addition is added to the mass at temperatures under 125° C., so that the polymerization reaction does not occur until a subsequent heating.

Abstract: A composition comprises a bitumen and a poly(arylene ether) having an intrinsic viscosity less than 0.40 deciliters per gram. The composition exhibits high softening and flow temperatures, and high hardness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing an asphalt and thermoplastic elastomer composition. The process comprises heating an asphalt cut in a stirred tank to a temperature sufficient to allow the stirring of the asphalt in the tank. A thermoplastic elastomer or rubber is added to the asphalt while continuing to stir the asphalt. The mixture is stirred at a speed and for a period of time sufficient to increase the distribution of the elastomer into the asphalt. The stirring speed is reduced and the temperature is increased to add an oil dispersion or aqueous emulsion of crosslinking agents to the tank. Stirring is continued for a period of time sufficient to improve the distribution of the crosslinking agent dispersion in the asphalt.

Abstract: A thermoplastic elastomer composition for calender-molding obtained by dynamically heat-treating a mixture comprising 40 to 95% by weight of (A) an oil-extended olefin copolymer rubber containing 100 parts by weight of an olefin copolymer rubber having a Mooney viscosity (ML1+4100° C.) of 120 to 350 and 20 to 150 parts by weight of mineral oil softening agent and 60 to 5% by weight of (B) a polypropylene resin, a process for producing a calendered sheet from the composition and a sheet obtained by the process.

Abstract: A composition which is a blend of a specified condensate obtained by reacting polyalkylenepolyamine with an fatty acid and a modified polyolefin resin having carboxyl groups at a specified proportion. In preparing the heating type paving material comprising various aggregates, bitumen as base and the composition, the composition is added to bitumen in an amount of 0.05-5.0 weight %. The heating type paving material obtained has superior in peel resistant effect between bitumen and aggregates.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing bioactive, covalently fixed coatings on the surfaces of substrates, by grafting to a surface of the substrate a coating polymer which contains the following monomers in copolymerized form: (i) at least one monomer of the general formula: R—(A)a  (I), in which R is a mono- or diolefinically unsaturated organic radical having a valence a, A is a carboxyl group, a sulfuric acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a phosphonic acid group, a phosphorous acid group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, or a salt of one of these acid groups, and a is 1, 2 or 3; and (ii) at least one monomer which is sensitive to UV radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bituminous compositions used for roofing and waterproofing membranes or material comprising asymmetrical coupled polyvinyl aromatic-polydiene block copolymers having improved physical properties over broader ranges of service temperatures than those obtained from bituminous compositions prepared with symmetrical block copolymers of similar type. The asymmetry of the copolymer which is characterised by polyvinyl aromatic endblocks of at least two different molecular weights, one high and one low, ensures improved physical performance to roofing and waterproofing membranes made from such compositions.

Abstract: The invention provides a method comprising contacting, between 100° C. and 230° C. and under agitation, an elastomer, a functionalising agent and optionally, a peroxide compound. The functionalising agent is a thiolcarboxylic acid polyester or a reaction product of a thiolcarboxylic acid or ester with ethylene sulphide. The functionalised elastomer can also be pre-formed, then incorporated into the bitumen. The resulting compositions are usable directly or after dilution, for forming bituminous binders to produce surfacing, coating and waterproofing materials.

Abstract: A composition comprising a binder and a residue wherein the residue comprises a blend of polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber and calcium carbonate. The residue is a novel material derived as a coproduct from the medium-pressure depolymerization of nylon 6 carpet. The compositions are useful as road asphalt, asphalt roof membranes, molding compounds, and plastic lumber such as palisades and spacers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing an asphalt and thermoplastic elastomer composition. The process comprises heating an asphalt cut in a stirred tank to a temperature sufficient to allow the stirring of the asphalt in the tank. A thermoplastic elastomer or rubber is added to the asphalt while continuing to stir the asphalt. The mixture is stirred at a speed and for a period of time sufficient to increase the distribution of the elastomer into the asphalt. The stirring speed is reduced and the temperature is increased to add an oil dispersion of crosslinking agents to the tank. Stirring is continued for a period of time sufficient to improve the distribution of the crosslinking agent dispersion in the asphalt.

Abstract: Normally incompatible styrenic polymers are stably incorporated into bitumen by using an elastomeric triblock copolymer comprising polystyrene segments which is solubilized or compatibilized in the bituminous phase. The elastomeric triblock copolymer incorporated into the continuous bituminous phase provides polystyrene domains which are dispersed throughout the bitumen or a receiving unit which stabilize the particulate polystyrene against separation from the bitumen.

Abstract: Bituminous compositions modified with self-adhesive cold-application polymers generally used for manufacturing of watertight panels, said compositions comprising a mixture containing a rubbery styrene-diene polymeric mixture, one or more tackifying resins, and bitumen.

Abstract: A block copolymer composition for modifying asphalt, which comprises a mixture of: (A) a block copolymer comprising: at least two polymer blocks each mainly comprising a monoalkenyl aromatic compound; and at least one polymer block mainly comprising a conjugated diene compound; and (B) a block copolymer comprising: at least one polymer block mainly comprising a monoalkenyl aromatic compound; and at least one copolymer block mainly comprising a conjugated diene compound, and having a molecular weight equivalent to 1/3 to 2/3 of the molecular weight of block copolymer (A), wherein (a) the total bonding alkenyl aromatic compound content in the mixture of block copolymers (A) and (B) is from 10 to 50% by weight, wherein (b) the vinyl bond content in the conjugated diene polymer blocks is not greater than 70% by weight, and wherein the block copolymer composition has: (c) a content of (A) component is from 98 to 20% by weight and a content of (B) component is from 2 to 80% by weight; (d) a melt index value of from

Abstract: It has been determined that a specific type of emulsion SBR can be used to modify asphalt cement to greatly enhance the resistance to shoving, rutting and low temperature cracking of asphalt concretes made therewith. It has further been determined that this emulsion SBR is compatible with virtually all types of asphalt and that modified asphalt cements made therewith have extremely high levels of force ductility, tenacity and toughness.

Abstract: A sulfur in oil in asphalt and polymer blend is disclosed. An asphalt and polymer blend is first prepared and then a slurry of solid sulfur in liquid oil added. Addition of a slurry of solid sulfur in oil or oil containing sulfur compounds, permits rapid and effective uniform dispersion of the sulfur component in the asphalt/polymer blend. Uneven mixing, which can occur when sulfur is separately added as a solid to the asphalt blend, is avoided. Polymer use is optimized because polymer matrix development (digestion/swelling) can be completed before cross-linking occurs. The method is safer because formation of explosive clouds of sulfur dust is avoided.

Abstract: A consumable container is molded from a composition comprising 40 to 90 weight % of an asphalt and 10 to 60 weight % of a polymer material, which advantageously can include a first polymer such as PP that imparts heat resistance and a second polymer such as EVA that imparts toughness and impact resistance. This molded asphalt/polymer material preferably has an unnotched Izod impact strength of at least 2 joules. The container is consumable--it can be melted along with roofing asphalt held in the container without adversely affecting the properties of the asphalt and without requiring undue mixing. The composition also can be used to reduce fumes normally emitted from a kettle of molten asphalt, e.g., as measured by a reduction of the visual opacity of the fumes by at least 25%, a reduction of the hydrocarbon emissions of the fumes by at least 20%, or a reduction of the total suspended particulates emissions of the fumes by at least 15%. The container may be used, e.g.

Abstract: Two or more different polymeric materials are stably incorporated into bitumen by effecting steric stabilization of a polyolefin, such as polyethylene, and by dispersing the other polymer, such as a styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or an EPDM copolymer in the stabilized polyethylene-bitumen composition. The ability to incorporate different polymeric materials in bitumen permits desirable modifications to the properties of the composition to be effected. In addition, different properties can be attained by modifying processing parameters.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing bitumen/polymer compositions which consists of contacting, between 100.degree. C. and 230.degree. C. and under agitation, a bitumen or a mixture of bitumens with at least one styrene and butadiene copolymer having a global butadiene content ranging between 50% and 95 wt. % and a content of butadiene 1,2 double-bond structural units ranging between 12% and 50 wt % of the copolymer, and, preferably, also a sulphuring coupling agent or a functionalizing agent. The bitumen/polymer compositions are usable, directly or after dilution, for forming bitumen/polymer binders for surfacing materials.

Abstract: A modified surfactant of the PLURONIC.TM.-type compound and method for manufacture is disclosed. The surfactant compound has at least one PEO block attached at a first end to at least one PPO block, with at least one of the PEO block having an organic metal-chelating end group (R) attached to a second end, the remaining PEO blocks having an unmodified hydroxyl group at the second end. The metal-chelating group is charged with an metal-ion. A protein with a metal-affinity tag, e.g., a histidine tag, is then complexed with the metal-chelating group to form a complex of the modified surfactant, the metal ion, and the protein. The modified surfactant may be adsorbed upon a hydrophobic surface, charged with a metal ion, and then complexed with a protein with a metal-affinity tag. A surface with specific activity toward proteins is the presented, which is suitable for applications where a protein is immobilized upon a surface to give the surface specific protein activity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for packaging a low-fuming meltable asphalt composition which includes the introduction of pellets comprising one or more polymeric materials into molten asphalt flowed into a conventional container or carton.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing a bitumen composition comprising blowing a mixture with an oxygen-containing gas which mixture comprises a bitumen having a penetration of less than 300 dmm (as measured by ASTM D 5 at 25.degree. C.), a thermoplastic rubber which is present in an amount of less than 10% w, and a bitumen blowing catalyst which is present in an amount of more than 0.5% w and up to 3% w, both based on total mixture; and bitumen compositions obtainable by such process.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving high temperature performance grade properties of asphalt which comprises i) heating an asphalt cement to 200 to 500.degree. F. (93 to 260.degree. C.), ii) adding 1 to 10 wt. % crosslinkable polymer, e.g., styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer based on weight of said asphalt cement, iii) adding a useful temperature index (UTI) improving amount of dioxime(s) of 1,4-benzoquinone and its derivatives and optionally, free radical initiator, e.g., organic peroxide, and iv) mixing the resulting blend, thereby providing a paving asphalt having a greater useful temperature index (UTI) than a corresponding blend to which no dioxime is added. The invention further relates to asphalt compositions thus made and paving compositions containing these asphalt compositions.

Abstract: A zinc oxide dispersion for use in rubber compounds having at least 40, preferably 74-92, weight percent zinc oxide powder and at least five weight percent of a binder selected from the group consisting of asphalt and terpene tackifiers. The dispersion also preferably includes at least 0.5 weight percent stearifying agent such as stearic acid.

Abstract: An impact absorbing macadam comprises 10 to 75% (preferably 25 to 45%) of a particulate rubber having a particle size of up to 40 mm, 25 to 90% (preferably 45 to 65%) of an aggregate having a particle of up to 40 mm and from 5 to 9% of a polymer modified bituminous binder. Typically such a macadam has a void volume, interconnected or unconnected, of from 5 to 25%. The polymer which modifies the bituminous binder is preferably an unbranched styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer forming about 7% of the modified binder. The macadam is suitable as a base for sports pitches and athletic tracks without a rubber shock pad overlay.

Abstract: Systems and methods for combining a mineral acid and a polymer additive in an asphalt composition are described. Methods of preparing a polymer modified asphalt include providing a source of a neat asphalt; heating the neat asphalt; providing a source of a polymer; adding the polymer to the neat asphalt to form a blend; providing a source of a dilution asphalt; and adding the blend to the dilution asphalt to form a diluted product. The systems and methods provide advantages in that the addition of the mineral acid widens the temperature range in which satisfactory performance from a given polymer asphalt composition can be achieved or, as a corollary, reduces the amount of polymer additive that would otherwise be needed to achieve satisfactory performance within a given temperature range.

Abstract: Bitumen/polymer compositions are provided containing a bitumen or a mixture of bitumens and, reckoned by weight of bitumen, 0.3% to 20% of at least one primary polymer selected among certain elastomers and plastomers and 0.01% to 12% of at least one olefinic polymer bearing epoxy or COOH groupings. The compositions are useful, directly or after dilution, to form bitumen/polymer binders for carrying out road surfacing, for coated materials or waterproof coatings.

Abstract: Bitumen/polymer compositions having improved mechanical properties are produced by stirring together, at a temperature of 100-230.degree. C., a bitumen or bitumen mixture, a sulphur-curable elastomer and a polymeric additive consisting of at least one functionalized olefin copolymer and a sulphur-donating coupling agent. The bitumen/polymer compositions may be used directly or in dilute form to make bituminous binders for road surfaces, coated materials and sealing coatings.

Abstract: Bitumen/polymer compositions are produced by contacting, between 100.degree. C. and 230.degree. C., under agitation, one bitumen or a mixture of bitumens with at least one olefinic polymer bearing epoxy or COOH groupings, then by incorporating in the product, an acid additive while the whole mixture is agitated at a range between 100.degree. C. and 230.degree. C. for at least 10 minutes. The product, which is subjected to treatment by the acid additive may still contain one or several additional polymers, for instance of the elastomer type cross-linkable with sulphur, and even be subjected to sulphur cross-linking before treatment. The bitumen/polymer compositions are useful directly or after dilution, to form binders for carrying out surfacing operations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bituminous compositions used for roofing and waterproofing membranes or material comprising asymmetrical linear polyvinyl aromatic-polydiene block copolymers having improved physical properties over broader ranges of service temperatures than those obtained from bituminous compositions prepared with symmetrical block copolymers of similar type.The asymmetry of the copolymer which is characterised by polyvinyl aromatic endblocks of at least two different molecular weights, one high and one low, ensures improved physical performance to roofing and waterproofing membranes made from such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to random vinyl substituted aromatic/C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 conjugated diolefin polymer modified asphalt mixtures wherein the modifier is a keto-containing amide such as diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), an oxazoline containing copolymer, and an ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate.

Abstract: Preparation of an asphalt composition using an asphalt modifier composition comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of rubber-base modifiers and resin-base modifiers and a phosphorus compound permits the modifier to be satisfactorily dissolved in asphalt. Further, when paving is conducted by using a composition for paving prepared with such the asphalt composition, the adhesion of asphalt to an aggregate is high, and the resultant pavement has markedly improved in rutting resistance and wearing resistance. Therefore, such the pavement has a prolonged service life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the compatibility of random vinyl substituted aromatic/C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 conjugated diolefin polymer/asphalt mixtures comprising adding a modifier to said random vinyl substituted aromatic/C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 conjugated diolefin polymer/asphalt mixture selected from the group consisting of:(a) polymers containing an epoxy functionality(b) polymers containing a carboxyl functionality(c) monomers, oligomers, and polymers containing an amine functionality;(d) monomers, oligomers, and polymers containing an ester functionality; or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bituminous compositions used for roofing and waterproofing membranes or material comprising asymmetrical linear polyvinyl aromatic-polydiene block copolymers having improved physical properties over broader ranges of service temperatures than those obtained from bituminous compositions prepared with symmetrical block copolymers of similar type. The asymmetry of the copolymer which is characterised by polyvinyl aromatic endblocks of at least two different molecular weights, one high and one low, ensures improved physical performance to roofing and waterproofing membranes made from such compositions.