Abstract: Disclosed is an antistatic thermoplastic resin composition which comprises a thermoplastic resin and a minor amount of an antistatic property-imparting material which is a polymer comprising 20 to 100 weight % of units of a monomer having a quaternary ammonium base represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 through R.sub.4 represent hydrogen or (C1-9) alkyl, which may have a substituent, n is a number of 1 to 10, and X.sup.- represents a monovalent acid group or a corresponding equivalent of an acid, and up to 80 weight % of units of a copolymerizable vinyl or vinylidene monomer.

Abstract: The specification discloses a readily de-waterable modified rubber concentrate and method for forming same from a process including the preparation of a latex emulsion of the modified rubber concentrate, insuring that the emulsified modified rubber concentrate has a rubber content of from about 57 to about 88% by weight and freeze coagulating the modified rubber concentrate from the emulsion.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for making a rubber-like product from rubber scrap, such as recycled tire scrap. The process includes mixing the rubber scrap with from 1 percent to 15 percent, with respect to the weight of the rubber scrap, of added sulphur, and applying a pressure thereto of about 1000 to 3000 pounds per square inch for 1 to 10 minutes at a temperature of from about 250 degrees F. to about 450 degrees F. In addition, 1 to 8 percent, with respect to the weight of the rubber scrap, of antioxidants and antiozonants are added to the mixture of rubber scrap and sulphur. The sulphur is free sulphur. Derivative sulphur compounds, or like vulcanizing agents, can be added in place of the free sulphur of about 1 to 45 percent of the weight of the rubber scrap. The rubber scrap is buffing of recycled tire rubber, or powder made from recycled tire rubber. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also provided.

Abstract: Resin composition containing vinyl polymer and olefin polymer for use in electrophotography, electrostatic recording and electrostatic printing and the like, more particularly the resin composition obtained by uniformly dispersing the olefin polymer in the vinyl polymer, and the toner containing this resin composition are disclosed.

Abstract: A given amount of crystalline polypropylene resin is blended with an olefin copolymer rubber to prepare a preblend comprising an olefin copolymer rubber/crystalline polypropylene and then the preblend is melt-blended with a crystalline polypropylene resin in the presence of peroxide. The present invention is based upon the fracture mechanism occurring between the crystalline polypropylene and rubber and is accomplished by the reciprocal combination of the reactions such as cross-linking reaction, random scission reaction of the polymer main chain, graft reaction and blocking reaction to form a cell structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a method which results in a product having better homogeneity, better heat-resistance, higher impact-resistance and greater flowabilty than heretofore known methods of preparation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a fraction of hardened particles of an elastomer material of limited particle sizes between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.7 mm. The order of magnitude of the admixture to every 100 parts of unhardened elastomer material lies at 5 to 60 parts, preferably 20 to 40 parts. The admixture of the particles to the elastomer material is effected before the elastomer material hardens and is done to produce a defined, non-smooth surface in end products made of elastomers.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymeric blend stock comprising fluidizing a first particulated polymer, contacting the particulated polymer with droplets of a latex of a second polymer or polymer mixture, retaining the resulting product in a fluid state under conditions sufficient to dry the latex, and recovering the resulting dried polymeric blend stock.

Abstract: (A) polypropylene (10-90 weight part), (B) halogenated butyl rubber (90-10 weight part, (A)+(B)=100 weight part), (C) olefinic rubber (10-120 weight part) and (D) mineral oil softening agent (5-120 weight part) are heated in the presence of (E) metal oxide and/or metal chloride. To 100 weight part of the resulting composition are added, (F) polyolefin (100-600 weight part) and (G) vulcanizable olefinic rubber (50-500 weight part) and the components are mixed and heated in the presence of (H) organic peroxide. The resulting thermoplastic elastomer composition has good paintability, moldability, compatibility, low temperature impact strength, and especially high stiffness at elevated temperature.

Abstract: The object of the invention is the use of ethylene-vinyl acetate-copolymers produced by emulsion polymerization and containing unipolymerized acids, for the modification of polyvinyl chloride.

Abstract: Ethylene propylene copolymer elastomers and ethylene propylene diene terpolymer elastomers are shown which, when cured, exhibit improved oil resistance and chemical aging properties at elevated temperatures and pressures. A previously polymerized liquid 1,2-polybutadiene is incorporated into the elastomer by chemical blending during the polymerization process. Such compositions are useful as electrical insulating materials for use under extreme environmental conditions, particularly in wire and cable constructions.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polymodal MWD ethylene-alpha olefin copolymer using at least two catalysts to initiate growth of polymer chains that attain different average molecular weights. The polymodal MWD ethylene copolymer comprises at least two different molecular weight modes each mode having a narrow MWD and at least one of two characteristics (1) an Mw/Mn of less than 2 and (2) Mz/Mw of less than 1.8.

Abstract: Polymodal MWD ethylene copolymer comprising at least two modes of differing molecular weights. Each mode has at least one of M.sub.w /M.sub.n of less than 2.0, and a M.sub.z /M.sub.w of less than 1.8. The polymodal character of the copolymer is achieved by either (1) withdrawing polymer modes from the reactor from at least one takeoff port, and blending such modes with the reactor effluent, or (2) utilizing at least two catalyst species in the reaction to produce modes of differing molecular weights.

Abstract: Composition for the preservation of wood containing a wood preservative, such as a boron compound or a fluorine compound, in a polymer or polymer composition, which upon contact with water releases the wood preservative. Said composition is introduced into a hole in the wood or in a wood construction, whereafter the hole is sealed.

Abstract: A thermoplastic elastomer composition prepared by partially crosslinking a composition comprising the following components (A), (B), (C) and (D):(A) 10-40% by weight of an ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and an .alpha.-olefin having 3 to 12 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst comprising a solid component and an organoaluminum compound which solid component contains at least magnesium and titanium, said ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer having the following properties (I) to (IV):(I) Melt index: 0.01-50 g/10 min(II) Density: 0.860-0.910 g/cm.sup.3(III) Maximum peak temperature as measured according to a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC): not lower than 100.degree. C.(IV) Insolubles in boiling n-hexane: not less than 10 wt. %(B) 15-35% by weight of a propylene polymer;(C) 10-40% by weight of an ethylene/.alpha.

Abstract: A polymer composition obtained by mixing, in an emulsion state,(A) from 20 to 90% by weight (as solid content of polymer) of an emulsion of polymer component (A) which is a polymer of a vinyl monomer and has a glass transition temperature of higher than 20.degree. C., a gel content of not higher than 10% and a solubility parameter of from 8.0 to 11.0 (cal/cc).sup.1/2 and which has a weight average molecular weight, based on polystyrene, of at least 1.5.times.10.sup.5, and(B) from 10 to 80% by weight (as solid content of polymer) of an emulsion of polymer component (B) which is a homopolymer of an acrylate monomer, a copolymer of acrylate monomers or a copolymer of an acrylate monomer with other copolymerizable monomer and has a glass transition temperature of not higher than 20.degree. C., a gel content of not higher than 70% and a solubility parameter of from 8.4 to 9.8 (cal/cc).sup.1/2,and separating the polymer from the emulsion mixture.

Abstract: A thermoplastic elastomer composition and process comprising a crystalline polyolefin, halogenated butyl rubber, olefin copolymer rubber, polyolefin modified with, e.g., maleic anhydride, and, optionally nitrile rubber, wherein the halogenated butyl rubber is at least partially crosslinked using a metal oxide and/or chloride, e.g., zinc oxide. Crosslinking is achieved under dynamic mixing conditions and the resulting composition has superior strength, performance and processing properties. Furthermore, use of nitrile rubber imparts improved oil resistance to the composition.

Abstract: A polyolefin blend comprising, in physical admixture, a major portion of particles of a polyethylene and a minor portion of particles of a composition of a thermoplastic second polymer, is disclosed. The polyethylene is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of ethylene and copolymers of ethylene and at least one C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 higher alpha-olefin, and the second polymer is a normally solid thermoplastic polymer having a melting point of less than 185.degree. C. and a shear viscosity that is not more than that of the polyethylene when measured at 200.degree. C. and a shear rate of 400 sec.sup.-1 with the proviso that the second polymer is not a homopolymer or copolymer derived solely from hydrocarbon alpha-olefins having 2-10 carbon atoms. Examples of second polymers are (a) homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons in which at least one monomer is other than a C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alpha-olefin, e.g.

Abstract: A resin composition is disclosed which comprises a blend of from about 40 to about 95 percent by weight thereof of a first polymeric component and from about 50 to about 5 percent by weight thereof of a second polymeric component, the blend being characterized by an interior region containing a disproportionately higher content of first polymeric component and an exterior region containing a disproportionately higher content of second polymeric component, the first polymeric component being selected from the group consisting of amorphous homopolymer of styrene or lower alkyl substituted styrene and amorphous copolymer of styrene and/or alkyl substituted styrene containing up to about 40 weight percent thereof of at least one other olefinic monomer copolymerized therewith and the second polymeric component being selected from the group consisting of crystalline homopolymer of propylene and crystalline copolymer of propylene containing up to about 30 weight percent thereof of at least one other olefinic monomer

Abstract: A process, and the well-dispersed product thereof, for recovering solids from a latex of a grafted rubber concentrate having a rubber substrate and a glassy superstrate by: (a) adding a latex of said superstrate to said grafted rubber concentrate latex; (b) coagulating said latex with high shear to form a paste; (c) heating said paste to cause syneresis of said paste into polymeric particles; and (d) dewatering said particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoplastic elastomer composition excellent in the injection fusion bondability and the surface gloss, which comprises (1) an amorphous ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer (a) and (2) (i) a lowly crystalline copolymer (b) of propylene with an .alpha.-olefin having at least 4 carbon atoms, (ii) a polymer (d) composed mainly of 1-butene or (iii) a combination of the copolymer (b) or the polymer (d) with a crystalline polymer (c) composed mainly of propylene, wherein the component (1) is present in an amount of 10 to 95% by weight based on the total amount of the components (1) and (2), the component (2) is present in an amount of 5 to 90% by weight based on the total amount of the components (1) and (2), and the component (1) or the components (1) and (2) are partially crosslinked.The partial crosslinking is effected by grafting of a radical-polymerizable monomer having at least two polymerizable groups.

Abstract: Heat shrinkable thermoplastic compositions are prepared by blending an ethylene copolymer resin with a rubber and dynamically vulcanizing the rubber. The ethylene copolymer resin is a copolymer of ethylene with an alkyl ester of an alpha, beta monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid as well as copolymers of ethylene with the acid per se. The preferred copolymer is ethylene-vinyl-acetate copolymer. The preferred rubber is halogenated butyl rubber. Uncured rubber can be included in the composition.

Abstract: A continuous process for the grafting of ethylenically unsaturated monomers onto homopolymers of ethylene and copolymers of ethylene and C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 higher alpha-olefins is disclosed. The process involves feeding to an extruder an admixture comprising (i) a major portion of the above polymer of ethylene, (ii) the monomer, (iii) 25-500 ppm of an organic peroxide and (iv) a minor portion of a normally solid thermoplastic polymer having a melting point of less than 185.degree. C. and a shear viscosity at 200.degree. C. and a shear rate of 400 sec.sup.-1 that is not more than 50% of that of the polymer of ethylene. The organic peroxide is in the form of a composition with the thermoplastic polymer. The admixture is mixed in a first zone at a temperature above the melting point of the polymers for at least ten seconds but for less than 25% decomposition of the peroxide and then in a second zone for a period that is at least four times the half-life of the peroxide.

Abstract: Thermoplastic compositions of matter useful as gasketing materials as well as flexible boots and seals which are soft, have low compression set and high tensile. The compositions comprise a polyolefin resin and at least two different rubbers, one of which is vulcanized to a fully cured state by a cure system which leaves the other rubber(s) unvulcanized. The preferred embodiment comprises a blend of polypropylene and ethylene vinylacetate as the polyolefin resin component, EPDM as the uncured rubber component and a ZnO cured halogenated butyl rubber. In another embodiment of the invention, the resin is excluded and the uncured rubber is a high crystallinity EPDM.

Abstract: Graft polymers are prepared by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer with a polymer of an olefin of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms in a process wherein the olefin polymer is substantially insoluble in the monomer but is capable of absorbing the monomer. In a preferred aspect, a vinyl halide polyolefin graft polymer is produced by reacting a solid polyolefin particle with a vinyl halide monomer in which the polyolefin is substantially insoluble, but is capable of absorbing the monomer. The solid particles can be contacted with the monomer in one step or in stages. When the stage-wise reaction is continued until the proportion of polyolefin in the polymer product is about 2 to abut 20 weight percent, the resulting product can be formed to a transparent or translucent article.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-resistant ABS moulding materials containing a fluoro-organic polymer besides customary flameproofing additives and to a process for their manufactures.

Abstract: A process for producing a powdery composite polymer, which comprises mixing in an aqueous medium (A) a particulate vinyl chloride polymer, (B) an elastomer containing a nitrile group and (C) a solvent for the elastomer (B) which is not miscible with water and is a poor solvent for the polymer (A), thereafter removing the solvent (C) from the mixture, and dehydrating and drying the mixture thereby to form a powdery composite polymer composed of the vinyl chloride polymer (A) and the nitrile group-containing elastomer (B).

Abstract: A method is provided for producing thermoplastic polymer blends with the exposure of blend constituents to extreme blending conditions minimized by melting the thermoplastic polymers and adjusting their viscosity and elasticity values, through control of their melt temperatures, prior to blending. Where the viscosity and elasticity values are adjusted properly, the desired thermoplastic polymer blend can be produced with a minimum effort.

Abstract: Curable conductive rubber blends of (A) a Masterbatch blend of an (a) dispersing component having a limited compatibility with rubber and (b) a conductor selected from conductive carbon blacks and metal powders, is (B) blended with (c) a rubber, and the resulting conductive blend is then cured/molded as desired. The technique provides a method/product uniformly electrically conductive of very low resistivity with quite modest amounts of conductive filler.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced perfluoroelastomer parts having high multidirectional tear strength are prepared by blending the fiber with the elastomer, pulverizing the blend into a powder, and molding and press-curing the powder into the desired shape.

Abstract: A mixture of crumb rubber, binder, such as polyethylene, and slip contact agent, such as talc, and lubricant, such as a metal stearate, is formed in a blender (10), is shaped into pellets (32) by extruding a strand of the mixture (26) into water (28) and breaking the strand into pellets. The pellets (32) are adjusted to a preselected water content in drier (46) before storage in closed bags (50), stored and reinforced in a container (54).The controlled water content pellets (32) are formed into porous pipe (88) by extrusion in pipe extruder (62) having the feeding, transition and metering zones separately heated to temperatures from 320.degree. F. to 400.degree. F. (T.sub.1, T.sub.2, T.sub.3). The die has a separate jacket (90) receiving heat exchange fluid for heating the die (68) to a temperature from 290.degree. F. to 380.degree. F. to form a porous pipe (88) having more uniform porosity. Porosity is controlled by selecting water content of the pellets and controlling die temperature.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing elastoplastic composition which comprises dynamically vulcanizing rubber with a thermoplastic blend of cured rubber and plastic.

Abstract: Polymers, the surfaces of which have been modified, are disclosed. The polymer surface is modified by embedding therein a second polymer. The modified polymer substantially retains its bulk properties while also possessing, at its surface, properties of the second polymer.

Abstract: A method of producing partially crosslinked rubber-resin composition comprising directly feeding a pelletized peroxide-curable olefin copolymer composition, a peroxide-decomposing polyolefin resin and an organic peroxide compound to a twin-screw extruder under specific extruding conditions of weight of the copolymer rubber and specific energy at extrusion.

Abstract: Particles of two different normally solid materials are caused to react by generating free radicals on the surfaces of at least one of the solids by mechanical working, suitably by comminution, at cryogenic temperatures. At least one of the solids is preferably a polymeric material while the other may be a different polymer, a catalyst, a lubricity enhancing material, a filler, a pigment or the like.

Abstract: A homogeneous stable blend comprising a trans-isomer of polyisoprene and an ionomer is formed. The blend is prepared by mixing under shear, and at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree.-300.degree. F., a trans-isomer of, e.g., natural rubber and an olefinic ionomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the modification of the impact strength of plastics by blending a plastic phase latex comprising a copolymer of an N-(alkoxymethyl)acrylamide monomer and at least one vinyl monomer with a rubber phase latex comprising a copolymer of a conjugated diene monomer, and an N-(alkoxymethyl)acrylamide monomer to form a mixture and, coagulating the mixture. A separate method is also provided for blending plastic and rubber phase latices which, in turn, modifies the impact properties of the plastics.

Abstract: Polymeric fibers are formed from solution by the influence of polymeric seeding materials under conditions of simultaneous cooling and agitation.

Abstract: Method for preparing a polymer alloy which is stable and homogeneous at high temperatures which comprises a component (a) one or more polymers of high molecular weight, having anhydride groups and component (b) one or more polymers of high molecular weight, having groups which have the ability to interact with hydrogen atoms to form hydrogen bonds. Initially, a solution of component (a) is prepared in an organic solvent and thereafter a solution of component (b) is added. Component (a), in the dissolved state, may be protolyzed in whole or in part, prior to or after the addition of component (b) by the action of protolyzing agents. After the solvent is removed formed products, such as granules, fibres, foils, foam, may be made from the polymer alloy.

Abstract: Method for preparing a polymer alloy which is stable and homogeneous up to high temperatures, from component (a) one or more polymers of high molecular weight, having anhydride groups and component (b) one or more polymers of high molecular weight, having groups which have the ability to interact with hydrogen atoms to form hydrogen bonds, wherein first a solution of component (a) is prepared in an organic solvent, to which solution then component (b) is added, whereas component (a) in dissolved state is protolyzed in whole or in part, prior to or after the addition of component (b) under the action of protolyzing agents, whereupon the solvent is removed; together with the formed products obtained from such a polymer alloy, such as granules, fibres, foils, foam, etc.

Abstract: An impact resistant polypropylene prepared with a masterbatch comprising an uncured elastomer, a butene-1 polymer and an optional comodifier such as high density polyethylene possesses improved weld line strength and other properties.

Abstract: Modacrylic fibres from acrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, and a sulphonated comonomer, having reduced inflammability and high glossiness and dye yield are prepared by wet spinning a polyblend obtained by mixing two binary copolymers, the first from acrylonitrile and the sulphonated comonomer, and the second from acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride. As the sulphonated comonomer, a significantly homopolymerizable monomer is used, viz. a monomer which homopolymerizes with a conversion of at least 30-40% by weight, in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile catalyst, under given standard reaction conditions. Preferred sulphonated monomers are acid or salts of the acrylamidoalkanesulphonic series. The spinning dope is a polyblend solution in an organic solvent chosen among dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and dimethylsulphoxide, mixed with water.

Abstract: A novel process is proposed for the preparation of vinyl chloride based resins modified with a polymer latex, according to which the latex polymer is absorbed so completely and uniformly on the polyvinyl chloride resin that the effect of the modification of the resin properties is remarkably enhanced along with no adverse effects on the particle size distribution of the resin product and no effluence of the latex into the waste water discharged in the dehydration of the aqueous polymerizate slurry after completion of the polymerization. The process of the invention comprises introducing the modifier polymer latex into the polymerization mixture only when the monomer conversion is in the range from 30 to 95% and introducing an inorganic fine powder such as fume silica, bentonite and diatomaceous earth into the polymerization mixture at the same time as or before the introduction of the modifier polymer latex.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing elastomeric particles, such as those of natural and synthetic powdered and crumb rubbers and to the compositions prepared in accordance with such process. Specifically, the invention comprises encapsulating the elastomeric particles with a coating or film of a preplasticized vinyl resin, such as, for example, polymers and copolymers of vinyl and vinylidene halides and the like. The resultant composite particles are free-flowing and free of irreversible agglomeration and can be used in dry-blending with other materials prior to being formed into useful articles.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for embedding sequestering agents in filamentary structures, the method comprising the steps of preparing an emulsion formed by an aqueous or nearly aqueous solution of the sequestering agent and a solution of the filament-forming polymer in an appropriate solvent, and spinning the emulsion in a coagulation bath.

Abstract: A process for the production of polyolefin foam materials from crosslinked polyolefin foam scraps includes the steps of comminuting scraps of crosslinked polyolefin-containing foam; admixing the comminuted scraps with a synthetic resin on a polyolefin basis; compressing the resulting admixture at a temperature lying below the decomposition temperature of the crosslinking agent to form an aggregate product; comminuting this product to form a particulate material; plasticizing the particulate material at a temperature lying below the decomposition temperature of the crosslinking agent to form a shaped article; and crosslinking and expanding, i.e. foaming, the shaped article by heating the article to above the decomposition temperatures of the crosslinking agent and of the blowing agent.

Abstract: Impact modified polyvinyl chloride is prepared by suspension polymerizing vinyl chloride in the presence of a dual catalyst system of a monomer soluble catalyst and a water soluble catalyst to form suspension polymer particles having irregular and porous surfaces, and then polymerizing, in the presence of the porous particles, monomers for forming gelled rubber-containing interpolymer particles having a Tg of less than 25.degree. C. No emulsification system is required for the rubber interpolymerization. Rubber-containing interpolymer particles in the order of 1 micron or less are formed on the surface of the suspension polyvinyl chloride particle. The process can be conducted in one reaction vessel and product contamination is reduced. The product can be used alone or blended with other thermoplastic polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, to increase the impact strength thereof.

Abstract: Modacrylic fibres from acrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, and a sulphona comonomer, having reduced inflammability and high glossiness and dye yield are prepared by wet spinnning a polybend obtained by mixing two binary copolymers, the first from acrylonitrile and the sulphonated comonomer, and the second from acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride. As the sulphonated comonomer, a significantly homopolymerizable monomer is used, viz. a monomer which homopolymerizes with a conversion of at least 30-40% by weight, in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile catalyst, under given standard reaction conditions. Preferred sulphonated monomers are acid or salts of the acrylamidoalkanesulphonic series. The spinning dope is a polyblend solution in an organic solvent chosen among dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and dimethylsulphoxide, mixed with water.

Abstract: Melt mixed, melt-flowable blends of polypropylene, at least about 30% polyethylene and from about 4 to about 11% ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, and method for making same, are disclosed. Such blends possess higher low temperature Izod and Gardner impact strength than conventional impact polypropylene blends, while having a comparable or higher flexural modulus.

Abstract: Thermoplastic dynamically partially cured blends of monoolefin copolymer rubber (such as EPM or EPDM rubber) with a polyolefin resin (such as polypropylene, polyethylene) exhibit good physical properties and are reprocessable. The dynamic partial cure of the blend is effected by heating the blend with a curative such as a peroxide while shearing the blend. The blends are elastomeric and are used to make molded or extruded articles which have good physical properties without requiring vulcanization.

Abstract: Thermoplastic dynamically partially cured blends of monoolefin copolymer rubber (such as EPM or EPDM rubber) with a polyolefin resin (such as polypropylene, polyethylene) exhibit good physical properties and are reprocessable. The dynamic partial cure of the blend is effected by heating the blend with a curative such as a peroxide while shearing the blend. The blends are elastomeric and are used to make molded or extruded articles which have good physical properties without requiring vulcanization.