Abstract: Acrylic emulsions are obtained by carrying out a polymerization reaction of a first acrylic monomer dispersion, adding a second acrylic monomer dispersion, and carrying out a further polymerization reaction wherein the first acrylic monomer dispersion contains acrylic monomer and tackifier in a first proportion to acrylic monomer contained in the first acrylic monomer dispersion and wherein the second acrylic monomer dispersion contains acrylic monomer and tackifier in a second proportion to acrylic monomer contained in the second acrylic monomer dispersion, and wherein the proportion of tackifier in the first acrylic monomer dispersion is lower than the proportion of tackifier in the second acrylic monomer dispersion. A high molecular weight acrylic polymer is obtained when the first acrylic monomer dispersion is polymerization reacted. The second acrylic monomer dispersion is added to the first acrylic monomer dispersion after the first acrylic monomer dispersion is polymerization reacted.

Abstract: A process for preparing emulsion polymer particles comprising: (a) providing an aqueous emulsion of a multistage core-shell polymer with a hydrophilic core, (b) adding one or more inhibitors to substantially stop any polymerization, (c) adding monomer to the emulsion polymer, (d) adding swelling agent and (e) reducing the level of monomer by at least fifty percent. The process produces multistage polymers having low dry-bulk density useful in coating compositions such paints and paper coatings.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of latexes with hollow polymer particles useful as opacifying agents. The process comprises the preparation of hollow polymer particle latex by emulsion copolymerization with water soluble initiator and anionic surfactant as follows: a) preparation of seed latex of copolymer containing methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid; b) preparation of latex of highly carboxylated copolymer containing methyl methacrylate and a cross-linking agent and optionally a vinyl aromatic compound; c) using highly carboxylated latex synthesized at stage b) in the preparation of the intermediate shell comprising a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid ester, a cross-linking agent and optionally vinyl aromatic compound, said intermediate shell copolymer having a glass transition temperature below 80° C.

Abstract: What is described herein are conditioning/styling terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone (VP), dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (DMAPMA) and C9-C24 alkyl dimethylaminopropyl methacrylic acid quaternized monomers (QDMAPMA), in a defined compositional range. Hair and skin care compositions which include these terpolymers exhibit advantageous low tackiness and high humidity resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyolefin polymer dispersions having a semicrystalline plastic (SP) component and an amorphous elastomer (AE) component. The polymer dispersions of this invention are characterized by a continuous phase containing a discontinuous phase (dispersed phase) as seen by FIG. 2. Embodiments of this invention include either: 1) a discontinuous phase composed of the SP component dispersed within a continuous phase composed of the amorphous elastomer component and/or, 2) a discontinuous phase composed of the amorphous elastomer dispersed within a continuous phase composed of the SP component.

Abstract: A high rigidity ethylene-propylene block copolymer which is composed of (I) a crystalline polypropylene portion and (II) an ethylene-propylene random copolymer portion, and in which the crystalline polypropylene portion (I) has a Q value of not more than 5 which is the weight average molecular weight (Mw)/number average molecular weight (Mn) ratio obtained by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method, an isotactic pentad fraction of not less than 0.98 as calculated from 13C-NMR, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 to 0.88 dl/g as measured at 135° C. in tetralin; the ethylene-propylene random copolymer portion (II) has an intrinsic viscosity of 4.0 to 6.0 dl/g as measured at 135° C. in tetralin and an ethylene/propylene ratio of 25/75 to 35/65 by weight; and when the total of the above polymers ((I)+(II)) is taken as 100% by weight, the content of the ethylene-propylene random copolymer portion (II) is 8 to 22% by weight, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a propylene block copolymer comprising polymer particles whose rubber-like component contents are 50% by weight or more, in an amount less than 1.0% by weight of the whole polymer particles finally discharged from a polymerization system.

Abstract: A resin composition which increases the copper peeling strength and improves the dielectric properties of electric circuit boards is disclosed. The resin composition comprises: (a) 20-100 parts by weight of a syndiotactic polystyrene, (b) 1-40 parts by weight of a functionalized syndiotactic styrene-based copolymer having microfoaming when being cured, (c) 1-40 parts by weight of an epoxy-styrene copolymer, and (d) 0-40 parts by weight of an additive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for polymerizing block polymers of general formula (I): ##STR1## in which process the following are brought into contact with each other: an ethylenically unsaturated monomer of formula:CYY'(.dbd.CW--CW').sub.a .dbd.CH.sub.2,a precursor compoun of general formula (II): ##STR2## a radical polymerization initiator.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel room temperature coalescable aqueous fluoropolymer dispersions and a process for their manufacture. These dispersions may be used in a variety of applications including high temperature thermoplastic coatings, polishes, room temperature formable paints and coatings, extrudable or injection moldable resins, and adhesives.

Abstract: A dynamic star polymer contains a plurality of at least three substantially identical block copolymers, each block copolymer including an aromatic polymer moiety having a glass transition temperature of at least about 95.degree. C., and an aliphatic polymer moiety incompatible with the aromatic polymer moiety. The aromatic moieties of each of the formed block copolymers aggregate to form a chemically uncrosslinked core, while the aliphatic polymer moieties radiate outwardly from the core. The multi-arm star polymer is uniquely capable of changing its molecular structure under external influences, and the core thereof preferably exhibits thermoplastic characteristics.

Abstract: A method for producing a graft copolymer rubber which comprises graft polymerizing an alkenyl aromatic compound to an ethylene-.alpha.-olefin-dicyclopentadiene terpolymer rubber having a Q value of more than 5.0 and Mooney viscosity at 100.degree. C. of 70 or less, in an aqueous suspension in the presence of a free radical initiator and a dispersant, and a polypropylene-based resin composition comprising 5 to 40% by weight of said graft copolymer rubber and 60 to 95% by weight of a polypropylene-based resin(B) selected from the group consisting of a crystalline propylene homopolymer (i) having a Q value of 3.0 to 5.0, isotactic pentad fraction of 0.97 or more and intrinsic viscosity measured in tetralin solution at 135.degree. C. of 0.85 to 1.60 dl/g, a crystalline propylene-ethylene block copolymer (ii) composed of 60 to 95% by weight of apropylene homopolymer portion having a Q value of 3.0 to 5.0, isotactic pentad fraction of 0.97 or more and intrinsic viscosity measured in tetralin solution at 135.degree.

Abstract: A sealant resin composition for retort packaging film comprises a high density polyethylene as the main resin component and a linear low density polyethylene polymerized by use of the metallocene catalyst. A sealant film produced therefrom is resistant to whitening, heat fusion, heat deformation after being subjected to boiling sterilization treatment and prevent breakage of pouches produced therefrom even at low temperatures because of its high impact strength and heat sealing strength.

Abstract: A block copolymer of a hydrophobic block of one or more hydrophobic monomers and a hydrophilic block of one or more hydrophilic monomers is prepared by polymerizing a hydrophobic monomer to prepare the hydrophobic block, using a free radical polymerization process using a stable free radical agent, preserving a stabilized active polymerization site on the hydrophobic block; adding a hydrophilic monomer to the stabilized active hydrophobic block; and further reacting the mixture to effect polymerization of the hydrophilic monomer. The polymerization of the hydrophilic monomer is conducted in an amidic solvent in which the hydrophobic block and the hydrophilic monomer are soluble.

Abstract: Polyolefine-based mouldings and foils contain internal bonding additives which are enriched by migration at the plastic surface and which have their molecular structure bonding substituents of higher polarity on an oleophilic hydrocarbon radical. At least one part of these internal additives is hardened via its hydrocarbon radicals in the area of the plastic surface and prevented from further migrating, and so permanent adhesive bondings and/or coatings of the polyolefine surface may be obtained without additional preliminary treatments. Also disclosed is a process for furnishing solid polyolefine surfaces with such adherence-improving, immobilised additive (mixtures), and other auxiliary agents used for that purpose.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising the components (A), (B), (C) and (D), viz.(A) an isobutylene polymer which contains in a molecule, at least one alkenyl group capable of hydrosilylation reaction;(B) a curing agent which contains at least two hydrosilyl groups in a molecule;(C) a hydrosilylation catalyst; and(D) an organic compound which contains in a molecule, at least one alkenyl or alkynyl group capable of hydrosilylation reaction.This composition is excellent in workability because of its low viscosity, and has such advantages that the cured product thereof has large strength and further that the weight loss by heating is small. Since a large amount of an inorganic filler can be blended with this composition, it is possible to obtain a composition having high thixotropy and little sagging.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for the selective cross-linking of the dispersed phase of polymers based on acrylonitrile/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber/styrene (AES), which comprises: a) addition to the polymer, which leaves the end of the synthesis plant still in the molten state, of cross-linking substances and coreagents; b) passing the compound through suitable mixing equipment.

Abstract: Blends of olefin polymers and syndiotactic vinyl polymers are produced by the catalytic polymerization of olefins and aromatic vinyl compounds or methacrylate esters as vinyl compounds in inert diluents in the presence of a catalyst mixture of transition metal compounds, metalloxane compounds and metal alkyl compounds.The blends have a finely dispersed distribution of the blending components and are suitable for the production of films, sheets, fibers, panels, coatings, pipes, hollow objects, injection molded products and foams.

Abstract: High-surface-area polyolefins grafted with certain fluoroalkylvinylether sulfonate or carboxylate monomers, and their method of preparation, are disclosed. Such materials are usefuli as catalysts and as membranes in electrochemical cells.

Abstract: This invention describes the use of liquid block isoprene-butadiene copolymers of approximately 25,000 to 100,000 .sub.v molecular weight, and which comprises 10 to 90% by weight isoprene and 90 to 10% by weight butadiene. This material is added to a rubber compound that contains natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and butadiene rubber, or blends thereof, the sum of which is equal to or greater than 50 phr of the entire rubber content formulation. The liquid block copolymer is used at low levels, typically 1.5 phr to 15 phr. The invention also includes tires with at least one component composed of such rubber composition such as a tire tread.

Abstract: A process for the (co)polymerization of a monomer material, which includes at least an acrylonitrile monomer as an essential component, at a temperature of 80.degree. C. or higher by bulk or solution polymerization while allowing said monomer material to evaporate. The (co)polymerization is conducted while providing a vapor phase over a polymerization mixture in a reaction tank. During the (co)polymerization, the temperature of the vapor phase is maintained in a range of from 30.degree. C. to 65.degree. C. so that the polymerization is conducted without substantially releasing vapor, which is evaporated from the polymerization mixture, to outside of the reaction tank. By cooling the vapor phase of the reaction tank and maintaining its temperature in the above specific range in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to avoid mixing of a gelled polymer in a product and also to effectively remove reaction heat at the time of the (co)polymerization.

Abstract: A method of free radical grafting of monomers onto a polypropylene resin includes: (i) mixing the polypropylene resin with an allylepoxy compound, a styrenic compound and a peroxide as an initiator, (ii) heating the mixture to a temperature which is higher than the melting point of the polypropylene resin and the decomposition temperature of the peroxide, at conditions of continuous mixing until a desired degree of grafting of the allylepoxy compound and the styrenic compound onto the polypropylene resin has been achieved, and (iii) cooling and comminuting the obtained composition. A grafted polypropylene composition provided by the method includes an amount of glycidyl methacrylate of 0 to 10% by weight and an amount of styrene of 0 to 10% by weight, calculated on the polypropylene resin. The composition may be used as a compatibilizer in the manufacturing of polymer blends, as a polymer adhesion promoter, and in articles which require an improved printability.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a block copolymer having an isobutylene-based polymer block and a vinylic aromatic hydrocarbon-based polymer block and containing a styrenic unit having a halogenated saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group on the benzene ring at 0.01 to 2 mol % on a basis of the total structural units and being capable of markedly improving the performance of a synthetic resin when the block copolymer is blended with the synthetic resin; a process for producing the block copolymer; and a resin composition position containing the block copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention teaches propylene-ethylene copolymers of about 5 to about 100 dg/min melt flow that have a homopolymer phase combined with a copolymer rubber phase in which the ethylene content of the rubber is between about 75 to about 95% w and a clarity of greater than 25%. The rubber content of the copolymer ranges between about 3% w to about 60% w. In addition to improved clarity, these copolymers have high stiffness (flexural modulus) and good falling weight impact toughness at low temperatures.

Abstract: Process for the production of preoriented filaments from polyester-based polymer mixtures by spinning the polymer mixtures with a draw-off speed v of at least 2500 m/min, a second amorphous, thermoplastically processable copolymer having a glass transition temperature of more than 100.degree. C. being added to the polyester, wherein the ratio of the melt viscosity of the copolymer to the melt viscosity of the polyester is 1:1 to 10:1, in that the amount of copolymer added to the polyester is at least 0.05 wt.

Abstract: A graft copolymer comprising a backbone of a propylene polymer material having a vinyl monomer graft polymerized thereto is produced by (1) treating a propylene polymer material with a free radical polymerization initiator, (2) treating the propylene polymer material with at least one grafting monomer capable of being polymerized by free radicals, in the presence of a polymerization rate modifier, and (3) removing any unreacted grafting monomer from the graft copolymerized propylene polymer material, decomposing any unreacted initiator, and deactivating any residual free radicals in the material. Use of the polymerization rate modifier increases the polymerization induction time on the polymer surface, consequently facilitating monomer diffusion into the interior of the polymer particles so that surface polymerization of the monomer is inhibited.

Abstract: A modified polypropylene resin obtained by melt-kneading a polypropylene resin, an isoprene monomer and a radical polymerization initiator, which has a high melt viscosity and a high melt tensile strengh and is hard to cause draw-down, and which provides, by foaming thereof, foamed articles having low density, high closed cell content, beautiful appearance and excellent heat resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water-redispersible powder based on film-forming polymers which are substantially water-insoluble and which are prepared by aqueous emulsion polymerization of monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation with a "core/shell" structure comprising a hydrophobic core based on a polymer exhibiting a Tg (glass transition temperature) of between -30.degree. and +25.degree. C., preferably between -10.degree. and +20.degree. C., and a hydrophilic shell based on a polymer exhibiting a Tg higher than +55.degree. C., preferably higher than +90.degree. C., characterized in that the shell is bonded to the core by covalent bonds resulting from the reaction of an agent for grafting the shell onto the ethylenic unsaturations remaining in the core, and is substantially insoluble in an alkaline medium.

Abstract: A graft copolymer comprising a backbone of a propylene polymer material having a vinyl monomer graft polymerized thereto is produced by (1) treating a propylene polymer material with a free radical polymerization initiator, (2) treating the propylene polymer material with at least one grafting monomer capable of being polymerized by free radicals, and (3) removing any unreacted grafting monomer from the graft copolymerized propylene polymer material, decomposing any unreacted initiator, and deactivating any residual free radicals in the material, wherein (1) and (2) are carried out in the presence of a continuous feed of nitric oxide. The nitric oxide reduces the build-up of polymer deposits on reactor walls and gas circulation loops while having almost no effect on the graft copolymerization reaction.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composition of matter consisting of a high impact polystyrene exhibiting improved environmental stress crack resistance. The HIPS material is formed utilizing polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and copolymers thereof with styrene, having a Mooney viscosity exceeding about 35 and a gel content of up to about 28%. The present invention discloses the use of a combination of lubricant additives to obtain a HIPS material with higher ESCR values than either additive alone could provide, and also discloses the optimum level of each additive.

Abstract: A rubber compound comprising a fluorine rubber component and an acrylic rubber component is produced by adding an acrylic monomer to an aqueous emulsion of fluorine-containing elastomer obtained by emulsion polymerization, using a fluorine-containing surfactant, followed by radical polymerization reaction. The obtained rubber compound can satify both of vulcanization moldability and heat aging resistance, and is at a lower cost than the expensive fluorine rubber.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a polymerizable mixture comprising 1 to 99 weight percent of a first monomer and an initiator therefor, the first monomer being one of 1) at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer or 2) at least one cyanate ester monomer, and 99 to 1 weight percent of a second monomer and an initiator therefor, the second monomer being the member of 1) or 2) that is not selected as the first monomer, wherein the curative for the cyanate ester is a transition metal-containing organometallic compound curing agent and the curative for the free-radically polymerizable monomer is a free-radical generating curing agent or a transition metal-containing organometallic compound.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of water soluble nonionic and anionically charged vinyl and allyl addition polymers can be obtained by polymerizing in the presence of an anionically charged water soluble polymer stabilizer in a saturated salt solution. Methods for the preparation of these polymers, and their compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: Multiple-phase transition copolymers are formed which can selectively bind and release a chemical, or which can selectively catalyze a specific chemical reaction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing rubber-modified styrene resins in which a distribution of the diameters of the rubber particles is narrow and the impact resistance is well balanced with the elastic modulus. The constitution thereof is characterized in that an aromatic monovinyl series monomer, a rubbery polymer and a styrene polymer are mixed and dissolved, and the mixed solution is adjusted so that the relation of the content R (wt. %) of the rubbery polymer contained in said mixed solution with the content Ps (wt. %) of the styrene polymer satisfies 0.2<Ps/R<3; the solution is further subjected to pre-heating treatment to maintain the conditions before rubber phase inversion, and then rubber phase inversion is carried out in a plug flow type reactor followed by polymerizing to enhance the polymerization conversion rate in the following plug flow type reactor.

Abstract: A free radical polymerization process for the preparation of a polymer comprising heating a mixture of a free radical initiator, a stable free radical agent, a metal catalyst, or a metal stable free radical complex catalyst, and at least one polymerizable monomer; cooling said mixture; and optionally isolating said polymer.

Abstract: Water dispersible polymeric powders are prepared in liquid/supercritical CO.sub.2 by the sequential polymerization of a water soluble polymer after the polymerization of a non-water soluble polymer using core-shell polymerization technology.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silica reinforced rubber composition and pneumatic tires having treads comprised of the silica reinforced rubber compositions. The silica reinforced rubber composition comprises an elastomer, silica, optionally carbon black and a silica coupler of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 individually represent hydrogen or an alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X represents oxygen or sulfur; and Z represents a hydroxyalkyl group of 2 to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for preparing hyperbranched polymers from AB monomers and C monomers Using a self-constructing approach is disclosed along with the hyperbranched polymers of a living-like character produced by such process.

Abstract: The rubber mixtures according to the invention, containing at least one vulcanising agent, a filler, optionally other rubber additives and at least one reinforcing additive of the formulaR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 Si--X.sup.1 --(--S.sub.x --Y--).sub.m --(--S.sub.x --X.sup.2 --SiR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3).sub.nare used for the preparation of vulcanised rubbers, wherefrom in particular tires having a low rolling resistance combined with a good wet skid resistance and a high abrasion resistance can be produced.

Abstract: Seeded cation-exchange resin beads are particularly susceptible to oxidative degradation which results in the leaching of organic carbon fragments. The leachability of organic carbon fragments of molecular weights greater than 1000 g/mol is reduced to less than 800 ppm by effectively crosslinking the copolymers that comprise the seeded cation-exchange resin beads. Crosslinking can be achieved either during sulfonation by increasing sulfone bridge formation or before sulfonation by either alkylene bridge formation or by incorporation and subsequent activation of a crosslinkable functionality in the copolymer that forms the seed in the seeded polymer bead process.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing core/shell MBS modifiers is disclosed, wherein by adding feeds of the monomers which form the second and/or third stage polymers prior to completion of polymerization of the earlier stages, a process with substantially reduced polymerization time results with no loss in properties of the product. The process further includes agglomeration of the rubbery polymer to increase particle size during the polymerization process.

Abstract: Crystalline propylene (co)polymers modified by grafting with a vinylpolybutadiene having 1,2-structure content of at least l0%.The (co)polymers are reacted with a liquid vinylpolybutadiene in the presence of a non-peroxidic radical initiator at a temperature in the range 200.degree. to 350.degree. C., the liquid vinylpolybutadiene having a 1,2-structure content of at least 10% and being generally used in amounts within the range 0.5 to 20% by weight.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing core/shell MBS modifiers is disclosed, wherein by adding feeds of the monomers which form the second and/or third stage polymers prior to completion of polymerization of the earlier stages, a process with substantially reduced polymerization time results with no loss in properties of the product. The process further includes agglomeration of the rubbery polymer to increase particle size during the polymerization process.

Abstract: A process for preparation of modified polyolefin particles which comprises contacting and reacting(A) 100 wt. parts of polyolefin particles with(B) 0.01 to 50 wt. parts of at least one ethylenic unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of carboxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds or their carboxylic anhydrides or their carboxylic acid derivatives, hydroxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, amino-group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, and glycidyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds,in the presence of(C) more than 10 wt. parts to not more than 50 wt. parts of a medium of a liquid state at ordinary temperature whose solubility in water at 20.degree. C. is 0.5 wt. % or less and which is capable of swelling the polyolefin, and(D) 0.01 to 10 wt. parts of a radical initiator; andmodified polyolefin particles prepared by the aforesaid process.

Abstract: A propylene block copolymer having a high rigidity and an excellent impact strength is produced by (1) first polymerizing propylene or a mixture of propylene and another ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a Ti-containing solid component (A), an organic Al compound-containing component (B) and an alkoxyl silicon compound-containing component (C), and (2) second copolymerizing, in a gas phase, propylene and another ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer in the presence of the first crystalline polymer of step (1) by re-using the catalyst of first polymerization, and in the presence of a saturated hydrocarbon with 6 or more carbon atoms, thereby forming an elastomeric fraction incorporated into the crystalline polymeric fraction.

Abstract: Graft copolymers comprising a poly-alpha-olefin base polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and compatible mixtures thereof, having grafted thereto an olefinic monomer. The grafted monomer is present in an amount effective to increase the amount of protein that will bind to the graft copolymer as compared with the base polymer.Also disclosed are polymer/protein compositions comprising a graft copolymer having a protein immobilized on the surface thereof, processes for the preparation of the above-described graft copolymers and compositions, methods of immobilizing proteins, and methods of immunoassay based on such immobilization.

Abstract: Graft copolymers comprising a poly-alpha-olefin base polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and compatible mixtures thereof, having grafted thereto an olefinic monomer. The grafted monomer is present in an amount effective to increase the amount of protein that will bind to the graft copolymer as compared with the base polymer. Also disclosed are polymer/protein compositions comprising a graft copolymer having a protein immobilized on the surface thereof, processes for the preparation of the above-described graft copolymers and compositions, methods of immobilizing proteins, and methods of immunoassay based on such immobilization.

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to a water-swellable polymer comprising the polymerization product of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an aqueous phase, initiator, crosslinking agent, and polyvinyl alcohol, the polymerization product having been heated at a temperature greater than about 160.degree. C., wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is less than about 98 percent hydrolyzed, such that the polymerization product has improved whiteness.

Abstract: A bulk or mass polymerization process is provided which involves bulk polymerization of vinyl monomers in a liquid phase in the presence of a nitrogen rich vapor phase containing amounts of sulfur dioxide effective to inhibit formation of popcorn polymer during the reaction. The process may be used as a step in the formation of polymer or may be used as the entire reaction process.