Ester Derived From An Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid Is Reacted In The Presence Of A Solid Polymer Patents (Class 525/309)
  • Patent number: 5552472
    Abstract: A solution for forming a graft substrate containing a graft initiator, a catalyst for activating the graft initiator, a first component of water dispersable polymer and a second component of a monomer, each of which includes a functional group for reaction with an activated site on the substrate for grafting thereto and water. A method for grafting at least one of the components to a fiber, yarn or fabric substrate is also disclosed wherein increased flame retarding and yarn integrity is achieved while simultaneously allowing control of fabric porosity. This method does not significantly reduce fabric pliability as compared to uncoated fabric. Furthermore, the graft component may be selectively applied polymer to produce a preferred porosity range or a cutting pattern for the fabric substrate. A fabric, a portion of which includes a graft component or components thereon, forms another embodiment of the invention.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 1995
    Date of Patent: September 3, 1996
    Assignee: Reeves Brothers, Inc.
    Inventors: Richard C. Kerr, John R. Damewood, Jill Menzel, Paul Thottathil, Mohan L. Sanduja
  • Patent number: 5545460
    Abstract: Methods and apparatus are set forth for preparing and delivering bone cement from a powdered polymer component and a liquid monomer component by simultaneously injecting the powdered and liquid components, stored in separate component chambers, into an evacuated mixing chamber under the effect of the vacuum; by uniformly mixing the components in the mixing chamber (to thoroughly wet the powder); and by delivering the cement formed by the polymerization process, as needed in an operative setting, utilizing a single ready to use device. The uniform mix is achieved by simultaneously subjecting the contents of the component chambers to the effects of the mixing chamber's vacuum via separate one way nozzles, interconnecting the component chambers to the mixing chamber, which cause the powder to be broadcast and liquid to be sprayed into the mixing chamber.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 13, 1996
    Assignee: HowMedica, Inc.
    Inventors: Kazuna Tanaka, Jeffrey Kapec
  • Patent number: 5545695
    Abstract: A multistaged polymer containing a hydrophilic core fully encapsulated with a hydrophobic shell without a tiecoat layer is disclosed. A method is also disclosed for encapsulating hydrophilic polymers including the steps of:(1) emulsion polymerizing a hydrophilic core polymer from about 5% by weight to about 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of a hydrophilic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0% by weight to about 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer;(2) emulsion polymerizing, in the presence of the core polymer, at least one shell polymer from about 90% by weight to about 99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of shell polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from about 0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 13, 1996
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventor: Robert M. Blankenship
  • Patent number: 5539057
    Abstract: Disclosed is a process for sequentially grafting olefin polymer materials with vinyl monomers and the graft polymers produced therefrom.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: July 23, 1996
    Assignee: Montell North America Inc.
    Inventor: Thomas A. Giroux
  • Patent number: 5536786
    Abstract: Adhesive beads comprise a core comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive material and an essentially discontinuous organic polymer disposed about the core. The beads are free-flowing at room temperature. Upon application of heat and/or pressure the core is activated and blends with the coating to provide a pressure sensitive adhesive.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 16, 1996
    Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
    Inventors: Joseph P. Callahan, Jr., Rudyard M. Enanoza, Mark D. Weigel
  • Patent number: 5530041
    Abstract: A monomer-rich acrylic syrup is cast including about 10% to about 20% ground acrylic particles. During curing, the particles absorb over half their weight in monomer, and a cured sheet is formed in which the matrix monomer and uncrosslinked polymer form a phase which extends through the particles, while the particles appear to be fused together. Including a crosslinker in the syrup further insures the interpenetration of the matrix phase into the swollen particles. A textured surface is formed, which is useful as an anti-slip surface in bathtubs and shower stalls, after thermoforming.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 17, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 25, 1996
    Assignee: Aristech Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Ettore Minghetti, John E. Eitel
  • Patent number: 5530070
    Abstract: A graft copolymer dispersant (binder) having a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 wherein: (1) the graft copolymer has a polymeric backbone formed by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers; (2) the graft copolymer has macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone at a single terminal point that have weight average molecular weights of about 1,000-30,000 and are formed from by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent. The graft copolymer further contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety or phosphoric acid moleties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains, or both. The graft copolymer is neutralized with an inorganic base or an amine.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 25, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 25, 1996
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: Joseph A. Antonelli, Lee A. E. Becton, Brian P. Devlin, Christopher Scopazzi
  • Patent number: 5523008
    Abstract: A grafted polyolefin containing at least about 13 moles of N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically-unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers per mole of a grafted polyolefin backbone is disclosed. The graft polyolefin has a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 500,000 and a polydispersity of less than about 10. The grafted polyolefin can alternatively be defined as containing more than about 1.2% by weight of grafted monomer on a polyolefin. Also described is a lubricating oil comprising a lubricant base oil and a grafted polyolefin as described above. Also described is a method of making a dispersant-viscosity index improver. N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers and a graftable polyolefin are reacted with enough of an initiator to graft at least about 13 moles of the monomer to each mole of the polyolefin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 21, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 4, 1996
    Assignee: Castrol Limited
    Inventors: Frederick J. Boden, Richard P. Sauer, Irwin L. Goldblatt, Michael E. McHenry
  • Patent number: 5523347
    Abstract: A one-part, air-activatable, polymerizable composition comprising:(a) at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer, and(b) an activator system for effective polymerization of the free-radically polymerizable monomer, said activator system comprising at least one auto-oxidizable compound of a formula which includes the structure I: ##STR1## where x is 0 or 1, and where the lines representing unfilled valencies indicate bonds to carbon, hydrogen or hetero atoms, alone or in combination with a weak acid;with the proviso that:when x=0, the nitrogen atom in structure I is not bonded to a second nitrogen atom;and when x=1 there is a structure I in the compound in which the >C.dbd.C< moiety does not form part of a phenyl ring;with the proviso that the composition does not contain a peroxide, or a peroxide precursor which produces peroxide in the absence of air or any ingredient which is a significant source of radicals in the absence of air.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 4, 1996
    Assignee: Loctite (Ireland) Limited
    Inventors: Brendan Kneafsey, John Guthrie, David P. Melody
  • Patent number: 5521243
    Abstract: Ranges of chain-transfer agents, thixotropic agents, and alumina trihydrate content are balanced to minimize migration or maldistribution of coloring matter and alumina trihydrate during curing of methyl methacrylate in a syrup including polymethylmethacrylate and also during subsequent heating and deformation in thermoforming, to achieve constancy of impact resistance and improve stability of patterns even in deformed portions of formed sheets.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 23, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 28, 1996
    Assignee: Aristech Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Ettore Minghetti, John E. Eitel, Carol A. Wetter
  • Patent number: 5519064
    Abstract: Disclosed is a surface-modified polymeric adsorbent material comprising a porous post-crosslinked polymer as a substrate and at least one surface-modifying polymer. The porous post-crosslinked polymer comprises a polymer of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, wherein the polymer has been post-crosslinked in a swollen state in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst. A process for preparing the surface-modified polymeric adsorbent materials, and the use of these materials in the separation of organic compounds, enantioselective synthesis and resolution of racemic mixtures are also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 28, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 21, 1996
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Richard T. Stringfield, Mladen Ladika
  • Patent number: 5519069
    Abstract: An interpenetrating network copolymer, method of producing same, and method of producing optical lens blanks and finished lenses therefrom. The method broadly involves the preparation of first and second mixtures of polymerizable vinyl monomers and interrupting the polymerization of the first mixture at a relative viscosity of from about 1.05 to about 10 by admixing the partially polymerized first mixture with the second mixture to create a casting solution and thereafter, when desired, polymerizing molded casting solution in heat to create a solid lens material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 21, 1996
    Assignee: Pilkington Barnes Hind, Inc.
    Inventors: William J. Burke, Lisa A. Folk, Donald J. Ratkowski
  • Patent number: 5516842
    Abstract: A polycarbonate resin composition is given as a mixture of (A) 97-50 wt. % of a polycarbonate resin, and (B) 3-50 wt. % of a graft copolymer. The graft copolymer is obtained by graft-polymerizing 50-95 wt. parts of a monomer selected from (b1) a monomer mixture comprising 60-90 wt. % of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 40-10 wt. % of a vinyl cyanide monomer, and 0-30 wt. % of a monomer copolymerizable with the monomers and (b2) an alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group including 1-4 carbon atoms in the presence of a latex containing 5-50 wt. parts of a rubber polymer with respect to the total of the monomer and the rubber polymer as 100 wt. parts. The graft copolymer includes a graft-polymerized component having a weight-average molecular weight 50.times.10.sup.4 -300.times.10.sup.4. The polycarbonate resin composition shows a good extrudability and provides a sheet product which exhibits good thermoforming characteristics, such as suppressed drawdown and good deep drawability.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 4, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 14, 1996
    Assignees: Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Tsutsunaka Plastic Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Mitsuru Hoshino, Takeo Ogihara, Yasuhiro Kadota, Kazuaki Maruyama
  • Patent number: 5516849
    Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous process for producing an adducted derivatized EPM or EPDM oil solution in which a grafted ethylene polymer is adducted with an antioxidant diamine for formation of an adduct during holding.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 6, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 14, 1996
    Assignee: DSM Copolymer, Inc.
    Inventors: Tony L. Caines, Michael L. Junker
  • Patent number: 5514753
    Abstract: A block copolymer containing a non-polar polymer block and a polar polymer block was prepared by using an anionic polymerization initiator, by reacting an organic compound which can form an ate complex at the active end of the non-polar polymer block, the compound which contains a main group element of II or III group, before the addition of the polar monomer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 7, 1996
    Assignee: Bridgestone Corporation
    Inventors: Yoichi Ozawa, Ryota Fujio
  • Patent number: 5510422
    Abstract: The present invention is concerned with core and shell polymeric particles having microvoids in the core and one or more channels connecting the microvoids to the exterior of the particle. These particles, or LCAPs are produced by forming a core of polymeric acid, encasing the core in a shell polymer permeable to base, and then neutralizing the core such that the core swells, causing the shell to "explode" in a controlled fashion. This controlled explosion causes channels to form in the shell.These particles can be used as control release devices for target compounds, to impart reinforcing properties to acrylic films, as an opacifying agent in coating compositions, and as a supplement or replacement of part or all of the pigmentary material or extenders that would otherwise be used in such coating compositions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 23, 1996
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Robert M. Blankenship, Ronald W. Novak, Clarence J. Neyhart, Martin Vogel, Alexander Kowalski
  • Patent number: 5505884
    Abstract: An interpenetrating network copolymer, method of producing same, and method of producing optical lens blanks and finished lenses therefrom. The method broadly involves the preparation of first and second mixtures of polymerizable vinyl monomers and interrupting the polymerization of the first mixture at a relative viscosity of from about 1.05 to about 10 by admixing the partially polymerized first mixture with the second mixture to create a casting solution and thereafter, when desired, polymerizing molded casting solution in heat to create a solid lens material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 9, 1996
    Assignee: Pilkington Barnes Hind Inc.
    Inventors: William J. Burke, Lisa A. Folk, Donald J. Ratkowski
  • Patent number: 5502113
    Abstract: A pigment dispersion useful for forming aqueous coating compositions containing metallic flake pigment, an aqueous carrier and a graft copolymer dispersant (binder);wherein the graft copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 and comprises a polymeric backbone and macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone wherein(1) the polymeric backbone is formed of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers and(2) the side chains are macromonomers that are attached to the backbone at a single terminal point and formed from polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are polymerized in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent have a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000-30,000;wherein the graft copolymer contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety and phosphoric acid moieties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains or both and the polymer is neutralized with a
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 26, 1996
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: Joseph A. Antonelli, Lee A. E. Becton, Brian P. Devlin, Christopher Scopazzi
  • Patent number: 5500286
    Abstract: A multi-shell emulsion particle of dry state structure having one or more of penetrating pore(s) connecting the surface layer of the particle with the interior of the particle and having a particle diameter of from 0.1 to 5.0.mu. preferably from 0.1 to 1.2.mu..
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 19, 1996
    Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated
    Inventors: Kousuke Someya, Akihiro Yamazaki, Futoshi Hoshino, Takeshi Yanagihara
  • Patent number: 5496896
    Abstract: The invention relates to a curable composition containing as component A) compounds with at least two activated double bonds (I), these being .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters or .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated nitriles, and compounds B) which contain at least two active hydrogen atoms or at least two groups with active hydrogen atoms or at least one active hydrogen atom and at least one group with an active hydrogen atom, and customary additives, catalysts, if appropriate pigments and an organic solvent. Either component A) or B) or components A) and B) are based on a branched soluble acrylate copolymer (P) which is obtainable by copolymerization ofa) 3 to 30% by weight of monomers with at least two ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable double bonds,b) 5 to 60% by weight of monomers with a functional group andc) 5 to 92% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers,the sum of a), b) and c) being 100% by weight.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 1, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 5, 1996
    Assignee: BASF Lacke & Farben Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventor: Jung W. Alfons
  • Patent number: 5496898
    Abstract: Star polymers having first polymeric arms comprising a hydrogenated conjugated diene and smaller second polymeric arms of a methacrylate resist coupling of methacrylate blocks attached to different cores and have improved performance as viscosity index improvers. The polymerized methacrylate units are converted to amide or imide groups by reaction with a primary or secondary amine to give the viscosity index improver dispersant properties.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 29, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 5, 1996
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventors: Robert J. Sutherland, Donn A. DuBois
  • Patent number: 5494508
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for improving the erasability of erasable marking compositions, while maintaining the opacity of the coating and without producing burnishing, by incorporating into the compositions voided latex particles having a shell polymerized from either:(1) at least about 25% by weight, based on the weight of the shell, of a crosslinking comonomer;(2) at least about 5% by weight, based on the weight of the shell, of a crosslinking comonomer, when at least about 50% by weight of methyl methacrylate is used as a comonomer in the shell.An improved liquid marking composition is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 24, 1995
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1996
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventor: Martin Vogel
  • Patent number: 5494971
    Abstract: A multistaged polymer containing a hydrophilic core fully encapsulated with a hydrophobic shell without a tiecoat layer is disclosed. A method is also disclosed for encapsulating hydrophilic polymers including the steps of:(1) emulsion polymerizing a hydrophilic core polymer from about 5% by weight to about 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of a hydrophilic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0% by weight to about 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer;(2) emulsion polymerizing, in the presence of the core polymer, at least one shell polymer from about 90% by weight to about 99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of shell polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from about 0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 12, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1996
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventor: Robert M. Blankenship
  • Patent number: 5494973
    Abstract: In a first step of this process an elastomer latex is prepared in aqueous emulsion in the presence of at least one ionic surfactant and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; then in a second step at least one vinyl monomer, which is insoluble in water or sparingly soluble in water, is added to the latex thus obtained and the ionic charges introduced by the said latex are neutralised by adding to the mixture of latex and monomer at least one transfer agent carrying ionic charges opposite to those of the surfactant used in the first step, in order to effect the transfer of particles of the latex into the vinyl monomer; then in a third step the aqueous phase is separated from the organic phase comprising the latex and the vinyl monomer; and in a fourth step the bulk polymerisation of the organic phase is carried out in such a way as to obtain the cast sheet after cooling and release from the mould.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 9, 1995
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1996
    Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.
    Inventors: Philippe Heim, Patrice Gaillard
  • Patent number: 5494974
    Abstract: Disclosed is a reactive particulate resin which is characterized by each particle thereof having a core of three-dimensionally crosslinked resin having a degree of crosslinking from 0.05 to 2.0 mmol/g, and a shell formed thereon having a radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated bond and is formed by polymerization of one or more polyfunctional monomers (A) and one or more non-aromatic radical-polymerizable monomers (B), the polyfunctional monomer (A) having in the molecule (a) at least one species of 1-monosubstituted and 1,1-disubstituted radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated bonds and also (b) at least one of at least one species of 1,2-disubstituted, 1,1,2-trisubstituted, and 1,1,2,2-tetrasubstituted radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated bonds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 3, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 27, 1996
    Assignees: Ferro Enamels (Japan) Limited, Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Yasumasa Asanaka, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Masanori Ohiwa, Tohru Nakatsuka, Shuhei Yamoto
  • Patent number: 5489648
    Abstract: A modified polyolefin prepared from an aqueous suspension containing (a) a crystalline polyolefin, (b) 1 to 500 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer per 100 parts by weight of the crystalline polyolefin, and (c) 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a radical polymerization initiator per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl monomer by impregnating the crystalline polyolefin (a) with the vinyl monomer (b) and heating the aqueous suspension to polymerize the vinyl monomer (b) at a temperature equal to or higher than a temperature at which the crystal region of the polyolefin (a) begins to substantially melt, which has an excellent effect of improving processability of other polyolefins and provides a polyolefin composition having excellent properties such as processability, impact resistance, rigidity and surface properties when the modified polyolefin is incorporated into polyolefins optionally with a core-shell graft copolymer and/or an inorganic filler.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 3, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 6, 1996
    Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Yoshihiko Okimura, Taizo Aoyama, Hiroki Kobayashi, Akinori K. Shu, Kazuhiro Hara
  • Patent number: 5483003
    Abstract: Thermoplastically processible elastomers based on acrylates, which contain 40-100 wt. % of one or more comb polymers having a molecular weight greater than 50,000 Dalton, comprised of:(A) 5-50 wt. % of macromonomers comprised of methyl methacrylate or copolymers of methyl methacrylate with comonomers chosen from other (meth)acrylic acid esters and styrenes;containing a terminal unit with a radically polymerizable group and having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 60.degree. C., a molecular weight in the range 500-100,000 Dalton, and an index of refraction in the range n.sub.D =1.48-1.50;(B) 5-90 wt. %, based on the total weight of the comb polymer, of monomers or monomer mixtures of formula I: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl group; and (C) 5-50 wt. % based on the total weight of the comb polymer, of a phenyl group-containing radically polymerizable monomer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 9, 1996
    Assignee: Roehm GmbH Chemische Fabrik
    Inventors: Werner Siol, Klaus Koralewski
  • Patent number: 5478892
    Abstract: Blends of biodegradable polymers of hydroxybutyric acid and polyolefines of improved properties are produced by incorporating a compatibilising agent which comprises a block copolymer in which at least half of the mass of one block is represented by alkyl side chains and at least half of the mass of another block is represented by side chains which comprise hydroxy acid residues.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 26, 1995
    Assignee: Zeneca Limited
    Inventors: Alfred J. P. Buckman, Denis G. H. Ballard
  • Patent number: 5476906
    Abstract: The present invention provides an impact resistant Fresnel lens comprising a resin which is obtained by polymerizing a solution consisting essentially of (a) 100 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising an styrenic monomer in an amount of from 60 to 99 parts by weight and a (meth)acrylic monomer of from 1 to 40 parts by weight, and (b) 1 to 50 parts by weight of a styrene-dienic copolymer based on 100 parts by weight of said monomer mixture based on 100 parts by weight of said monomer mixture. The Fresnel lens has a high refractive index and excellent transparency and impact resistance.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 19, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1995
    Assignees: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited, Dai Nippon Printing Company, Limited
    Inventors: Kazuhiro Yokoo, Satoshi Honda, Hideaki Matsuura
  • Patent number: 5476904
    Abstract: Thermoplastic, elastomeric, conjugated diene (e.g., butadiene)/methyl methacrylate block copolymers having elevated Tg and improved impact strength, well suited as polymer impact strength-modifiers and for conversion into pressure-sensitive adhesives, are prepared by (a) anionically polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer in an apolar solvent medium to provide a living polydiene, (b) next adding an alkali metal alkoxyalcoholate ligand to the medium comprising the living polydiene thus formed, (c) block copolymerizing the step (b) living polydiene with methyl methacrylate comonomer to provide a living copolymer, and (d) reacting the step (c) living copolymer with at least one protonic compound, e.g., water, alcohol and/or acid, and completing the polymerization thereof, with the proviso that polymerization of the conjugated diene and the methyl methacrylate comonomers is strictly carried out in the apolar solvent medium, in particular in toluene, benzene or ethylbenzene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 29, 1993
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1995
    Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.
    Inventors: Philippe Heim, Bruno Vuillemin, Philippe Teyssie, Philippe Bayard, Jinshan Wang
  • Patent number: 5476905
    Abstract: Propylene copolymers grafted with .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives and containing up to 35% by weight of other C.sub.2 - to C.sub.10 -alk-1-enes are obtainable by reacting the monomer to be grafted with a propylene copolymer at from 1 to 500 bar, where, in the absence of a free-radical initiator, from 0.01 to 1.0% by weight, based on the propylene copolymer, of the monomer to be grafted are admixed with the molten propylene copolymer, and the grafting reaction is carried out at from 210.degree. to 350.degree. C.The propylene copolymers according to the invention can be converted into crosslinked or crosslinkable propylene copolymers by admixing organic crosslinking agents.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 10, 1991
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1995
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Harald Schwager, Thomas Muehlenbernd, Bernd L. Marczinke, Juergen Kerth, Hans-Joachim Mueller
  • Patent number: 5475061
    Abstract: There are disclosed a styrenic copolymer which comprises at least one structural unit represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## and a structural unit represented by the general formula (II) ##STR2## or a structural unit represented by the general formula (IX) ##STR3## wherein the symbols are each as previously defined in the specification, the structural unit (II) or (IX) being contained in an amount of 0.01 to 99.9 mol %; and a process for the production of the above copolymer.The above styrenic copolymer has a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in the stereoregularity of the main chain of the structural unit (I) as well as adhesivity and compatibility with a resin of a different type.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 12, 1995
    Assignee: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Shuji Machida, Toshinori Tazaki
  • Patent number: 5466752
    Abstract: A coating composition contains an organic solvent, a binder composed of an anhydride resin with more than one non-cyclic anhydride moiety and an epoxy resin derived from an epoxy-containing unsaturated monomer, and a catalyst wherein a catalyst is reacted with the core of a branched acrylic copolymer formed from at least about 5% by weight of an acid-functional unsaturated monomer, and grafted to the core, one end of a macromolecular acrylic stabilizer soluble in an organic solvent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 1, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 14, 1995
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: Robert J. Barsotti, Charles T. Berge, Christopher Scopazzi
  • Patent number: 5461125
    Abstract: The present invention provides:A core-shell insert latex composition comprising latex particles, each latex particle comprising:(a) a core comprising a (co)polymer comprising (meth)acrylate ester;(b) a shell, surrounding the core, comprising a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises:(i) a nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer;(ii) at least one (meth)acrylate ester of about a C.sub.1 to about a C.sub.14 alcohol; and(iii) an optional ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable silane monomer; wherein the nitrogen-bearing ethylenically-unsaturated free-radically polymerizable monomer comprises from about 15 to about 60 percent by weight of the shell and further wherein the core comprises from about 40 to about 85 percent of the weight of the total core-shell latex particle.The invention also relates to the use of the core-shell latex composition as a binder or primer for coatings and adhesives.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 24, 1995
    Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
    Inventors: Ying-Yuh Lu, Chi-Ming Tseng, James E. Bunker, Terrence E. Cooprider, Ronald W. Most, Gregory J. Stanich
  • Patent number: 5455315
    Abstract: An in situ process for the preparation of resin particles comprising: preparing a seed particle latex by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a first mixture comprised of at least one monomer, an optional chain transfer agent, and a water soluble free radical initiator, wherein the reaction of the free radical initiator and monomer produces oligomeric radicals which provide in situ stabilization to the resulting first generation seed particles; optionally diluting the first seed particle latex with water; heating and starve feed adding to the first generation seed particles a second mixture comprised of at least one monomer, an organic soluble free radical initiator, an optional chain transfer agent, an optional water soluble free radical initiator, and an optional surfactant to form a third mixture comprised of second generation seed particles; heating and starve feed adding to the second generation seed particles additional said second mixture to form a fourth mixture comprised of third generation seed partic
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1994
    Date of Patent: October 3, 1995
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Anthony J. Paine, Kevin J. O'Callaghan, Alfred Rudin
  • Patent number: 5447560
    Abstract: A method is disclosed for improving the erasability of erasable marking compositions, while maintaining the opacity of the coating and without producing burnishing, by incorporating into the compositions voided latex particles having a shell polymerized from either:(1) at least about 25% by weight, based on the weight of the shell, of a crosslinking comonomer;(2) at least about 5% by weight, based on the weight of the shell, of a crosslinking comonomer, when at least about 50% by weight of methyl methacrylate is used as a comonomer in the shell.An improved liquid marking composition is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 3, 1994
    Date of Patent: September 5, 1995
    Assignee: Rohn and Haas Company
    Inventor: Martin Vogel
  • Patent number: 5442013
    Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of graft copolymers comprising acrylate esters of alkanols having 2-24 carbon atoms grafted onto a backbone polymer comprising monomers of acrylate esters of alkanols having 2-24 carbon atoms are disclosed, as is the finishing of surfaces such as tanned leather by applying such emulsions thereto.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 15, 1995
    Assignee: Rohm GmbH
    Inventors: Harald Bauer, Juergen Christner, Maria L. Weber, Wolfgang Hoehne
  • Patent number: 5436297
    Abstract: A modified polyolefin comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin; (B) 0.01 to 20 parts by weight of a monomer mixture consisting of: (b-1) 5 to 50% by mole of glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate or an unsaturated glycidyl compound represented by general formula (I) below ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and having at least one glycidyl group; and n is an integer of 1 to 4, and (b-2) 95 to 50% by mole of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylamide monomers, vinylpyrrolidones, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters, the monomer mixture being graft-copolymerized with the polyolefin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1995
    Assignee: Tonen Corporation
    Inventors: Tatsuo Teraya, Shintaro Kikuchi, Kouichi Yokoyama, Yuji Fujita
  • Patent number: 5432237
    Abstract: Disclosed is a radical polymerizable composition comprised of a polymer having a .pi.-electron conjugated structure having repeating units of a mono-substituted or di-substituted isothianaphthene structure, which is represented by the formula [Ia] and/or [Ib]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen, C1-C18 alkoxy group, or --O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.3 [n: 1 to 4] with the proviso that the case where both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen is excluded, X is an anion, y is from 0.01 to 1, and m is from 5 to 5,000,and a radical polymerizable compound. The radical polymerizable composition has a very stable electroconductivity in air and can be molded into an optional shape.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 24, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 11, 1995
    Assignee: Showa Denko K.K.
    Inventors: Reiko Otsuka, Yoshiaki Ikenoue, Yoshihiro Saida, Masao Kobayashi
  • Patent number: 5424370
    Abstract: Disclosed are polymer having antistatic properties and having a multilayered structure comprising an innermost layer, a second layer, a third layer and an outermost layer; processes for preparing the multilayered polymer; and an antistatic resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin and the multilayered polymer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 1, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 13, 1995
    Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd.
    Inventors: Kanki Matsumoto, Shinji Date
  • Patent number: 5424369
    Abstract: A self-crosslinking resin comprising a resin containing a blocked isocyanate group, and a resin containing a hydroxyl group, and a tertiary amino group and/or a quaternary ammonium group and attached to the resin by a urethane bond.The self-crosslinking resins are useful for adhesive compositions and coating compositions of the aqueous type.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 17, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 13, 1995
    Assignee: Kansai Paint Company, Limited
    Inventors: Yoshiyuki Yukawa, Motoshi Yabuta, Yasushi Nakao
  • Patent number: 5414047
    Abstract: An improved aqueous slurry process (with co-solvent) for the preparation of segmented copolymers of polyolefins and poly((meth)acrylates) is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 9, 1995
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventor: Richard R. Clikeman
  • Patent number: 5412039
    Abstract: A branched acrylic copolymer with a core which is insoluble in a non-polar organic solvent and formed from the polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with at least about 5% by weight of acid functionality wherein a catalyst such as a phosphonium compound is reacted with the acid functionality of the core, and organic solvent-soluble macromonomer stabilizers grafted to the core, is useful as a catalytic component in a coating composition comprising a non-cyclic anhydride resin and a resin derived from an ethylenically unsaturated epoxy monomer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 8, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 2, 1995
    Assignee: E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Company
    Inventors: Robert J. Barsotti, Charles T. Berge, Christopher Scopazzi
  • Patent number: 5409776
    Abstract: A multi-shell emulsion particle of dry state structure having one or more of penetrating pore(s) connecting the surface layer of the particle with the interior of the particle and having a particle diameter of from 0.1 to 5.0.mu. preferably from 0.1 to 1.2.mu..
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 1, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 25, 1995
    Assignee: Mitsui Tomatsu Chemicals, Incorporated
    Inventors: Kousuke Someya, Akihiro Yamazaki, Futoshi Hoshino, Takeshi Yanagihara
  • Patent number: 5408003
    Abstract: A styrene resin composition comprising a crosslinked styrene resin and uniformly dispersed therein an uncrosslinked resin capable of being extracted with an organic solvent, the amount of the uncrosslinked resin being from 3 to 50% by weight based on the total amount of the composition; and a method of producing a molding of a styrene resin composition, which method comprises the step of subjecting to cast polymerization a liquid mixture comprising: (a) a styrene monomer in an amount of 30% by weight or more based on the total amount of the ingredients (a), (b), and (c); (b) a monofunctional monomer having one radical-polymerizable double bond in the molecule, in an amount less than 70% by weight based on the total amount of the ingredients (a), (b), and (c); (c) a polyfunctional monomer having at least two radical-polymerizable double bonds in the molecule, in an amount of from 0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 18, 1995
    Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited
    Inventors: Satoshi Honda, Kazuhiro Yokoo, Hideaki Matsuura
  • Patent number: 5403894
    Abstract: Redispersible polymer powders made by core-shell polymers having an alkali-soluble emulsion polymer shell and an aqueous-insoluble emulsion polymer core wherein the core and the shell polymers are chemically grafted by utilizing a polyfunctional compound. The core-shell polymers are produced by a two-stage sequential emulsion polymerization process in which an alkali-insoluble emulsion polymer core is polymerized in the presence of an alkali-solubilized emulsion polymer. When the core-shell polymer powders of this invention are employed as a cement modifier, improvements in the powder physical properties and cement mortar properties are realized.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 11, 1991
    Date of Patent: April 4, 1995
    Assignee: Rohm and Haas Company
    Inventors: Min-Chi Tsai, George A. Papsin, Jr., Shang-Jaw Chiou
  • Patent number: 5401805
    Abstract: Graft copolymers are disclosed which comprise an olefin borane-containing homopolymer or copolymer backbone polymer having radically polymerized polymeric segments chemically bonded as side chains or as a chain end. A borane-containing diene homopolymer or a copolymer of a diene and/or at least one alpha-olefin having from about 2 to 22 carbon atoms copolymerized with another monomer containing organoborane functional groups can be used as a backbone polymer to prepare the graft copolymers of the present invention. Under oxidation conditions, the borane group becomes the reaction site for the radical polymerization and copolymerization. Radical polymerizable monomers, such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile and the like, can be polymerized to yield high molecular weight graft copolymer. By this synthetic route, high graft efficiency is observed with only a very low concentration of homopolymer being produced.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 3, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Assignee: The Penn State Research Foundation
    Inventors: T. C. Chung, G. J. Jiang, D. Rhubright
  • Patent number: 5401427
    Abstract: Degraded molecular weight copolymers of ethylene alpha-olefin are provided. The ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers, before degradation, are characterized by having a narrow molecular weight distribution and are comprised of intramolecularly heterogeneous and intermolecularly homogeneous copolymer chains. The degraded copolymers are useful as viscosity index improvers for oils.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 18, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
    Inventors: David Y. Chung, Mark J. Struglinski
  • Patent number: 5399625
    Abstract: Graft copolymers of chloroprene and alkyl or cycloalkyl esters of unsaturated acids are prepared in a one-stage programmed temperature process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 7, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 21, 1995
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
    Inventor: Furman E. Glenn, Sr.
  • Patent number: 5399621
    Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of a graft copolymer latex of core/shell dispersion particles having improved phase binding between core and shell in a two-stage emulsion polymerization process, hydroperoxide groups being produced at the particle surface of the grafting base prior to grafting by hydrogen peroxide treatment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 21, 1995
    Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbH
    Inventor: Klaus Kohlhammer