Abstract: There is provided an excellent impact modifier for a vinyl chloride resin. There is used, as an excellent impact modifier, a copolymer which is prepared by polymerizing 10 to 70% by weight of a monomer or monomers containing 60 to 100% by weight of at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate compound, an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and vinyl chloride, and 0 to 40% by weight of the other monomer copolymerizable therewith, in the presence of 30 to 90% by weight of a hollow rubber particle of which glass transition temperature Tg is at most 0° C. and a void ratio is 3 to 90% by volume in a latex state, and which contains a cross linking agent in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component monomer.

Abstract: A synthetic reaction to produce [2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy] acetic acid (AEEA) derivatives. This synthetic reaction does not require isolation and purification of intermediates. The AEEA derivatives can be used to synthesize high load polystyrene-polyethylene glycol-like resins having excellent swelling characteristics.

Abstract: Polymers derived from 4-acyloxystyrene are purified by fractionalization plus heating and cooling of the polymers in alcoholic solvents.

Abstract: A dispersion of one or more additives to be used in the processing of olefin polymers or copolymers, said dispersion comprising nonextruded particles of olefin polymers containing at least two immiscible polyolefinic phases and having internal voids partially or totally filled by the said additive or additives.

Abstract: A conductive polymer gel composition including a copolymer with alkenyl monomer units and maleimide monomer units, a crosslinking agent, and an electrolyte solution. The conductive polymer has a current resistance less than or equal to 10−4 ohms and can be used to provide electrolyte cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a functionalized polymer. The method includes the steps of providing a living lithium polymer and terminating the polymer with an oxazoline compound selected from an organic halide oxazoline and a branched or unbranched vinyl oxazoline compound. The present invention also provides a compounded rubber article wherein carbon black is compounded with a terminated rubber that is the reaction product of a living lithium polymer and such oxazoline compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing tritylated polystyrene resin. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a process for preparing tritylated polystyrene resins, comprising a step for tritylating polystyrene by reacting polystyrene resin with benzophenone dichloride or substituted benzophenone dichloride to introduce trityl group on the benzene moiety of the polystyrene.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides, based on the discovery that a 2-substituted-1,3-dioxocycloalkyl linker group of general formula (I) can be used to couple saccharide groups of both the O-glycoside and N-glycoside type to a polymer support. The invention provides reagents, reagent kits and methods for solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis.

Abstract: A molding material for plastic lenses, comprising a hydrogenated product of an aromatic vinyl polymer, wherein the hydrogenated product of the aromatic vinyl polymer has properties that the hydrogenation rate of aromatic rings is at least 97%, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is within a range of 50,000 to 500,000, and the ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) is at most 2.5, a plastic lens obtained by molding the molding material, novel hydrogenated products of aromatic vinyl polymers, which are suitable for use as molding materials, and a production process thereof.

Abstract: A composition comprises (A) an exopy resin and (B) a vinyl polymer having a reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of an alcoholic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, amino, amido and carboxyl group prepared by living radical polymerization, particularly the atom transfer radical polymerization of a vinyl polymer having a halogen atom and conversion of the halogen atom to a reactive functional group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers that are modified along the polymer chain and are based on conjugated dienes or conjugated dienes and vinyl-aromatic compounds having a content of vinyl-aromatic compounds of up to 60 wt. %, a content of cis-position double bonds of ≧92%, a mean molecular weight of 50,000 to 1,500,000 g/mole and a gel content of ≦5%. The polymers according to the invention can be used for the production of all types of molded articles, wherein in particular their technical and physical properties are improved compared with the prior art.

Abstract: A method of preparing a curable coating and a method of curing the curable coating are disclosed. The curable composition from which the curable coating is prepared may be applied to the surface of a substrate in neat form or in aqueous medium to produce the coating. Curing of the curable coating may be accomplished by chemical generation of free radicals, by electrochemical generation of free radicals, by electron beam, by photochemical generation of free radicals, or by other electromagnetic irradiation.

Abstract: Crosslinkable polymer compositions are provided which can be in the form of a polymer powder which is redispersible in water or as an aqueous dispersion. The polymer composition is composed of A) a copolymer of one or more comonomers of vinyl esters of straight-chain or branched alkanecarboxylic acids having 1 to 18 C atoms, acrylates or methacrylates of branched or straight-chain alcohols having 1 to 15 C atoms, dienes, olefins, vinylaromatics and vinyl halides, and of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the comonomers, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers containing epoxide groups, and B) one or more non-copolymerizable compounds having at least two epoxide groups. The invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of the crosslinkable polymer compositions and their use in chemical products for the construction industry.

Abstract: Molded articles formed of polystyrene or other polymers containing an aromatic moiety can be derivatized on the surface of the article by subjecting the molded article to a chemical reaction wherein the reaction media utilizes tetramethylsulfone as the reactant solvent and a suitable substituent group which is substituted on to the aromatic moiety of the polystyrene or other polymer by electrophilic substitution. By choosing the substituent group to further include a leaving group, further substitution of the primary substituent can be effected normally by nucleophilic substitution reaction. In this way, biologically important molecules can be attached to a polystyrene or other aromatic containing polymer without effecting certain properties of the molded article such as its optical or spectroscopic clarity.

Abstract: A brominated polystyrene product made by the process comprising pretreating a solution of a polystyrene reactant comprising from about five to about 20 percent by weight of the polystyrene reactant, in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent with at least about 0.1 percent by weight of an additive to suppress halogenation of the polystyrene backbone, prior to brominating the polystyrene in the presence of a catalyst; subsequently adding a metal halide bromination catalyst to the solution, capable of effecting bromination of the ring without causing crosslinking of the polystyrene; adding to the solution from about 1 to about 3.4 moles of a brominating agent, per mole of polystyrene repeating units; reacting the polystyrene with the brominating agent at a temperature of from about −20° C. to about 50° C., and isolating the brominated polystyrene. A brominated polystyrene is provided having a backbone halogen content of less than about 750 ppm and a &Dgr;E color of from about 5 go about 19.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing strong acid cation exchange resins by sulfonation of wet crosslinked copolymer in the absence of organic swelling solvents is disclosed. This process involves dewatering a crosslinked poly(vinylaromatic) copolymer to selected residual moisture levels of 3 to 35%, followed by non-solvent sulfonation, to provide strong acid cation exchange resins having enhanced physical stability and that are free of chlorinated-solvent contaminants.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic polyolefin compositions having enhanced surface durability and products thereof which include a thermoplastic polyolefin base component at least one radiation-crosslinkable component present in an amount sufficient to enhance the surface durability of the thermoplastic polyolefin component when radiation-cured and at least one photoinitiator present in an amount sufficient to initiate crosslinking of the radiation-crosslinkable component upon exposure of the thermoplastic polyolefin composition to radiation.

Abstract: A polymeric light emitting substance having a polystyrene reduced number-average molecular weight of from 103 to 108wherein this light emitting substance has in the main chain or side chain a metal complex structure showing light emission from the triplet excited state, and said substance can form a light emitting layer by industrially simple application methods such as a spin coat method, inkjet method, printing method and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for synthesis of polymer compositions with reduced living halogen content, wherein ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized by means of initiators containing a transferable halogen and of one or more catalysts comprising at least one transition metal in the presence of ligands which can form a coordination compound with the metal catalyst or catalysts and, after the polymerization, the living halogen atoms present in the polymer are at least partly eliminated, wherein after the polymerization the polymer composition is reacted with at least one organic nitrogen compound in the presence of a nonpolar solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to block copolymers which are predominantly based on vinylcyclohexane and to a process for producing them. The block copolymers can be processed to form mouldings by extrusion or injection moulding. The mouldings which result therefrom are distinguished by their high resistance to thermal deformation, good mechanical properties, high transparency in the visible and near UV range, and by their particularly low birefringence and water absorption.

Abstract: A process for producing a styrenic copolymer having a functional group and a syndiotactic configuration is provided. The process comprises bringing a metal compound into interaction with a vinyl compound having a functional group to mask the functional group and copolymerizing the vinyl compound having the masked functional group with a styrenic compound in the presence of a polymerization catalyst comprising (A) a transition metal compound, (B) at least one compound selected from compounds having oxygen and compounds which can form ionic complex compounds by reaction with the transition metal compound and (C) an organometallic compound. A styrenic copolymer which is a random, block or graft copolymer, preferably a random copolymer, of a vinyl compound having a functional group and a styrenic compound and has the repeating units derived from the styrenic compound having the syndiotactic configuration can be produced efficiently.

Abstract: A molding material for plastic lenses, comprising a hydrogenated product of an aromatic vinyl polymer, wherein the hydrogenated product of the aromatic vinyl polymer has properties that the hydrogenation rate of aromatic rings is at least 97%, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is within a range of 50,000 to 500,000, and the ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) is at most 2.5, a plastic lens obtained by molding the molding material, novel hydrogenated products of aromatic vinyl polymers, which are suitable for use as molding materials, and a production process thereof.

Abstract: Cross-linked copolymers which are obtained by polymerising a neutral diluent monomer or monomers, a monomer or monomers bearing a center of permanent positive charge, and a bifunctional and/or trifunctional cross-linking agent, are suitable for use in contact lenses. Process for producing them by copolymerisation, contact lens material comprising them, contact lenses made of them and processes for producing contact lenses from them.

Abstract: Pneumatic rubber tire with an outer, circumferential tread comprised of a cis 1,4-polybutadiene-rich and silica-rich rubber composition which contains specified elastomers with spatially defined glass transition temperatures, in conjunction with silica and specified carbon black reinforcement.

Abstract: This invention relates to a gel-free process for making functionalized polymers. When multi-alkali metal initiators are used to make these polymers anionically, the process comprises anionically polymerizing at least one monomer with a multi-alkali metal initiator in a hydrocarbon solvent, capping the polymer by adding to the polymer a capping agent that reacts with the ends of the polymer chains such that strongly associating chain ends are formed wherein a strongly associating gel is formed, and, finally, adding a trialkyl aluminum compound to the gel. The important characteristic of the capping agent herein is that it will cap the living polymer and will add a functional group to the polymer chain end which will be strongly associating in the hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing stable gel-type cation exchangers by sulfonating acrylonitrile-containing bead polymers, to the gel-type cation exchangers themselves, and to their uses.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for producing a hydrogenated polymer or copolymer by hydrogenating prior to polymer isolation or finishing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a rubber composition comprising:

Abstract: A process is provided for the removal of iron- and rhodium-containing residues from a solution of hydrogenated nitrile rubber. The process utilizes an ion-exchange resin having thiourea functional groups. Further, the resin is both macroporour and monodispersed. The process removes both rhodium and iron from viscous rubber solutions. In a preferred embodiment, the process is carried out in an ion-exchange column.

Abstract: The present invention provides a graft copolymer of a syndiotactic styrene/para-alkylstyrene copolymer, having the formula of wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and primary and secondary haloalkyl; X is a functional group selected from a group containing halogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and mixtures thereof; Y is an atactic polymer moiety; a ranges from 10 to 30000; b ranges from 0 to 30000; c ranges from 0 to 30000; and d ranges from 1 to 30000. The compatibility of the graft copolymer of syndiotactic styrene/para-alkylstyrene copolymer of the present invention with other polymers is improved over a syndiotactic styrene polymer. Also, the graft copolymer of the present invention can serve as a compatibilizer for a polymer blend.

Abstract: A polymer comprising recurring units of formula (2) is prepared by effecting deblocking reaction on a polymer comprising recurring units of formula (1) in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrogenated product of an aromatic vinyl polymer, wherein the hydrogenation rate of the aromatic rings thereof is at least 97%, a ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) is at most 2.0, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 100,000 to 300,000, and the content of a component having a molecular weight (M) of at most 10,000 is at most 2% by weight based on the total weight of the polymer; a hydrogenated product of an aromatic vinyl polymer, wherein the content of foreign matter having a particle diameter of at least 0.5 &mgr;m in the hydrogenated polymer is at most 3.0×104 particles/g; and a substrate for information recording media obtained by molding a resin material containing a hydrogenated product of an aromatic vinyl polymer, wherein the hydrogenation rate of the aromatic rings thereof is at least 97%, a :ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) is at most 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable composition and a process of preparing the curable composition. The process comprises (a) forming an oligomer from oligomerization of a mixture of a monomer A having a functional group and a monomer B at a temperature in the range of from 150° C. to 650° C., a pressure in the range of from 3 MPa to 35 MPa and the pressure is high enough to maintain the reaction mixture in a fluid state and a residence time in the range of from 0.1 second to 4 minutes; and (b) reacting a modifier having at least one reactive moiety with the oligomer through a reaction between the reactive moiety of the modifier and the functional group of the monomer A in the oligomer, and the modifier further comprises a curable group.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon resin is prepared by (1) thermally polymerizing a mixture consisting essentially of (a) about 5% to 25% by weight styrene or aliphatic or aromatic substituted styrene, and (b) about 95% to 75% by weight based on total monomer content of a cyclic diolefin component comprising at least about 50% by weight dicyclopentadiene.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel homopolymers of 5-aryl-2-norbornene, and novel interpolymers of 5-aryl-2-norbornene with at least one other cyclic or acyclic alkene, and hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins resulting from hydrogenation of the homopolymers and interpolymers. The products are particularly useful as tackifiers. Also disclosed is a novel process for preparing the homopolymers and interpolymers of the 5-aryl-2-norbornene, wherein there is used as the polymerization catalyst, a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, such as aluminum chloride or boron trifluoride.

Abstract: The invention concerns a dispersion powder composition which is redispersible in water and is made from water-insoluble organic polymers, the composition being characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 30% by wt., relative to the weight of the organic polymers, of one or more silicon compounds which are dispersible in water and which have a boiling point at normal pressure of 160 degrees C., selected from the group comprising the silanes, polysilanes, oligosiloxanes, carbosilanes, polycarbosilanes, carbosiloxanes, polycarbosiloxanes and polysilylenedisiloxanes. The invention also concerns methods for manufacturing such compounds and their use.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition comprising a hydrogenated block copolymer of a vinyl aromatic and conjugated diene polymer, having a lamellar morphology and high aromatic hydrogenation level.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protolytically leaving group-containing copolymer having improved characteristics such as increased solubility in alkaline aqueous solution in the presence of a proton, thus finding application with advantage in various uses, and a process for producing the copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymers comprising alkylhydrazine-functionalized styrene units of Formula 1 wherein m is an integer from 1 to 3; n is an integer from 0 to 50; p is an integer from 1 to 25; and R1 is C1-C3 alky or benzyl; a process for their preparation, and their use as supports for solid phase synthesis of small molecules and as supported nucleophiles to aid solution phase synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphoric esters of the general formula I where X is 1 or 2; n is from 2 to 18; m and o are each from 2 to 100; k is from 2 to 4; R″ is H or a linear or branched alkyl radical; and R′ is an alkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, or sulfopropyl radical, and to there use as dispersants for pigments and fillers in aqueous or organic media.

Abstract: A catayltic process for the hydrogenation of aromatic polymers is disclosed. The catalyst used in the process is a metal or mixture of metals of sub-group VIII of the periodic table together with a support of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide or a mixture thereof. The catalyst, having pores is characaterized in that the pores having diameters of 100 to 1,000 Å constitute less than 15 percent of the total volume of pores. The hydrogenation, that is carried out in the presence of at least one oxygen-containing hydrocarbon is characterized in that it is essentially complete and without significant degradation of molecular weights.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silylated copolymer which is the reaction product of: (A) an olefin copolymer prepared from at least 50 mole percent of at least one C4 to C7 isomonoolefin monomer and at least one vinyl aromatic monomer; (B) a siloxane having the formula Q-SiR2(OR2Si)n″SiR′Y2  wherein Q is a monovalent group selected from hydrogen or an olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R″ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Y is a hydrolyzable organic group, R′ is selected from R or Y and n is an integer having a value of 1 to 9; and (C) a free radical generator.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for manufacturing coupled radial block copolymers of the S—B—Li type having improved optical properties, which process utilizes coupling agents having from about 3 to about 7 epoxy groups per mole.

Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of aromatic polymers is disclosed. Accordingly, the solvent used comprise an ether that contains no &agr;-hydrogen atom on a carbon atom adjacent to the ether function. The process results in virtually complete hydrogenation of the aromatic units.

Abstract: A method of removing ammonium ions or amines from contaminated water includes treating the water with sodium tetraphenylborate under acidic conditions. Advantageously, the tetraphenylborate is immobilized on polymer beads and the water is contacted with the beads or passed through a bed of the beads.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tire tread comprising a crosslinkable rubber composition which comprises at least one emulsion copolymer of styrene and butadiene and to a process for improving the wear resistance of such a tread. The invention applies to a tread comprising a majority proportion of a reinforcing white filler as reinforcing filler. A tire tread according to the invention includes a crosslinkable rubber composition which comprises at least one elastomeric emulsion copolymer of styrene and butadiene and a reinforcing filler having a major proportion thereof being a reinforcing white filler. The reinforcing white filler is present in the composition in a quantity of greater than or equal to 40 phr. This composition is such that the copolymer comprises an emulsifier in an amount ranging from 1 to 3.5 phr (parts by weight per 100 parts of the elastomeric copolymer).

Abstract: Compositions of polyphosphazene-containing polymers and methods of preparation thereof are provided. The disclosed compositions encompass telechelic functionalized polyphosphazenes and a variety of block and graft polyphosphazene-polystyrene, polyphosphazene-polysiloxane, and polyphosphazene-ROMP of norbornene copolymers. Methods for the preparation of such compositions generally involve generation of a polydichlorophosphazene species, attachment of a function group to the resultant polyphosphazene compound, and coupling the functionalized polyphosphazene with a corresponding organic or inorganic polymers or polymerizing the functionalized polyphosphazene with corresponding organic molecules.

Abstract: A method of quantifying the protection ratio of a hydroxyl group of a polymer compound, comprising calculating the protection ratio of a hydroxyl group of a polymer compound using a multiple regression calibration curve obtained by regression-analyzing main components of near infrared absorption spectra of a plurality of standards samples, from near infrared absorption spectra of samples containing a polymer compound composed of the following first structural unit and second structural unit:

Abstract: A blended composition consisting of a thermoplastic olefin resin (Comp. A) with an acrylonitrile-styrene-alkyl acrylate copolymer (Comp. B) was attempted to create substitution for vinyl chloride compound prepared from vinyl chloride resin proper and a plasticizer, but resulted in inferior interdispersibility. Incorporation of an epoxy resin (Comp. C) has brought definite improvement in the interdispersibility. A resinous composition including the components A, B, and C has the utility of substitution for vinyl chloride compounds as well as its products. (Comp. C) is selected from the group consisting of epoxidized diene block copolymers including, in their molecules, a block prepared by polymerization from a vinyl aromatic monomer and another block prepared by polymerization from a conjugated diene monomer, wherein remnant diene groups after the polymerization have been epoxidized or further partially hydrogenated.

Abstract: Novel substantially random functionalized interpolymers and processes for making them are disclosed. The novel interpolymers include those prepared from ethylene and vinyl aromatic monomers such as ethylene-styrene interpolymers which are then functionalized with a variety of electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents.