Abstract: Compositions comprising epoxy resins containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule are cured with polyamines containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule. These curable compositions can be oriented by the application of an electric field or magnetic field or drawing and/or shear flow prior to and/or during curing. The resultant cured products exhibit an improvement in one or more physical and/or mechanical and/or thermal properties as compared to a like epoxy resin system which does not contain any rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: This invention is first, a difunctional poly(glycidyl nitrate) oligomer (PGN oligomer), second, nitrated PGN oligomer and third, the use of the nitrated PGN oligomer as a plasticizer, particularly as a plasticizer for binders used in and/or as energetic formulations. Examples of energetic formulations are propellants, pyrotechnics and explosives and other such compositions. More particularly, this invention is a difunctional poly(glycidyl nitrate) oligomer of the formula ##STR1## where n is 0 to 3, having a M.sub.n of from about 304 to about 994. Another embodiment is the nitrated difunctional poly(glycidyl nitrate) oligomer of the formula ##STR2## where n is 0 to 3, having a M.sub.n of from about 394 to about 1084.

Abstract: The invention provides epoxide resin molding compositions for protectively covering semiconductor components, which are accessible in a cost-effective manner and have good processibility. The epoxide resin molding compositions provide virtually inflammable molded materials with a high glass transition temperature and a low thermal expansion coefficient without the addition of flameproofing agents, when they contain the following constituents:(A) an aromatic and/or heterocyclic polyepoxide resin which is free of phosphorous, optionally in combination with an aliphatic epoxide resin;(B) an epoxide-group-containing phosphorous compound;(c) an aromatic polyamine as a curing agent; and(D) filler material.

Abstract: Thermoplastic resins are prepared by reacting polyglycidyl esters containing one or more mesogenic moieties with compounds having an average of more than one active hydrogen atom per molecule. These resins exhibit ordering of the molecular chains in the melt phase and are susceptible to orientation during processing which can result in enhanced unidirectional mechanical properties. These resins are useful in coatings, laminates, castings and the like.

Abstract: Glycidyl amines containing mesogenic moieties result in improved properties when cured. These amines are useful in coatings, adhesives, encapsulants, moldings, laminates, and the like.

Abstract: An advanced epoxy cationic resin useful as an electrodeposition coating and having a charge density of from 0.2 to 0.6 milliequivalent of cationic charge per gram of resin is prepared by reacting in the presence of a suitable catalyst (A) a composition comprising (1) at least one diglycidyl ether of (a) an oxyalkylated aromatic diol or (b) an oxyalkylated cycloaliphatic diol or (c) certain oxyalkylated aliphatic diols and (2) at least one diglycidyl ether of a dihydric phenol with (B) at least one dihydric phenol and optionally (C) a monofunctional capping agent.Components (A-1) and (A-2) are employed in quantities such that from 10 to 75 weight percent of the diglycidyl ethers contained in component (A) are contributed by component (A-1), and from 25 to 90 weight percent of such glycidyl ethers are contributed by component (A-2). Components (A) and (B) are employed in such quantities that the resultant epoxy resin has an average epoxide equivalent weight of from 350 to 10,000.

Abstract: A latent curing agent for epoxy resins in the form of finely divided particles is disclosed, along with its method of preparation. An amine/epoxy adduct is formed in small particles with an encapsulating layer of polyfunctional epoxy or isocyanate on the surface by an emulsion precipitation method.

Abstract: An amine functional water reducible resin and an ink composition incorporating an amine functional water reducible resin which is water insoluble under certain pH conditions and selectively water washable under certain other pH conditions. The method aspect of the present invention relates to a method of making, using and recovering the ink composition and a method of making the water reducible resin.

Abstract: Adducts containing terminating nitro (nitroso) groups and one or more mesogenic moieties are prepared by reacting (A) at least one compound containing an average of more than one vicinal epoxide group per molecule with (B) at least one compound containing one or more nitro (nitroso) groups and an average of one reactive hydrogen atom per molecule; with the proviso that at least one member of components (A) and (B) contains a mesogenic moiety. Reduction of these adducts provides amines which are useful as curing agents for epoxy resins. Curable compositions comprising an epoxy resin and the adducts can be oriented before, during or prior to curing.

Abstract: Liquid coating agent based on a polymer containing acetoacetate groups and a polyamine in the form of the corresponding aldimine or ketimine, the polymer containing acetoacetate groups being obtained by reaction of a polyepoxide with water, an amine or a hydroxycarboxylic acid and subsequent esterification or transesterification with acetoacetic acid. These liquid coating agents are particularly suitable as binders in two-component automobile repair fillers or as two-component primers.

Abstract: Polymer modified adducts are prepared by (A) reacting (1) an epoxy resin having an average of more than one vicinal epoxide group with (2) a compound containing an average of two or more hydrogen atoms reactive with an epoxide group; and (B) partially vinylizing reacting the product from step (A); and (C) polymerizing the partially vinylized product from step (B) with (3) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer; with the proviso that at least one of the components (1), (2) or (3) contain one or more mesogenic or rodlike moieties. These adducts are useful as epoxy resin curing agents.

Abstract: A liquid coating composition based on a polymer containing acetoacetate groups and a polyamine in the form of the corresponding aldimine or ketimine, the polymer containing acetoacetate groups being obtained by reacting a polyepoxide containing hydroxyl groups, or a polyepoxide which is partially or completely reacted with monocarboxylic acids, with acetoacetic acid derivatives. These liquid coating compositions are suitable in particular as binders in two-component fillers for automotive refinishing or as two-component primers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hardener for polyfunctional epoxy resins comprising the adduct obtained from the reaction of (1) a diaminodiphenyl sulfone of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or halogen and (2) a cycloaliphatic diepoxide at a ratio of aminohydrogen equivalent of said sulfone to said epoxy equivalent of said diepoxide from 2.5:1 to 75:1.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a high glass transition temperature printed circuit board comprising blending a modified bismaleimide resin into a modified epoxy resin is disclosed. Particularly the material is manufactured by blending a bismaleimide resin reacted with barbituric acid and its derivative thereof and an epoxy resin with an oxazolidone ring resulting from the reaction of a polyisocyanate and an epoxy resin modified with a secondary diamine and followed by curing. The resultant product has a high glass transition temperature, a good adhesion, flame retardancy, and a low bromine content.

Abstract: In order to increase the stone chip resistance of automobile finishes aqueous electrocoating paints are used which are produced by the use of a pigment paste which contains as grinding resin an at least partially protonated epoxide-amine adduct which is obtainable by reacting(A) a glycidyl ether of a polyphenol which contains on statistical average at least one epoxide group in the molecule, or a mixture of such glycidyl ethers,(B) a polyglycidyl ether of a polyol which contains on statistical average more than 1.0 epoxide groups in the molecule, or a mixture of such polyglycidyl ethers, and(C) a compound which contains a primary amino group in the molecule or a mixture of such compoundswith each other in such a stoichiometric ratio that an epoxide-amine adduct is obtained in which on statistical average at least 2.

Abstract: A second order nonlinear optically-active azo monomer comprising a benzimidazole moiety. The monomers can be incorporated into both linear and crosslinked polymers useful in electrooptical devices.

Abstract: Hardeners for epoxy resins, comprising reaction products of(A) polyamidoamines that were obtained by polycondensation of (a) dicarboxylic acids containing oxyalkylene groups, or their derivatives, with (b) polyamines containing at least two amino groups capable of undergoing condensation with (a),(B) polyamines containing at least two secondary amino groups, and(C) adducts of (c) polyepoxy compounds and (d) polyalkylene polyether polyols.Epoxy resins that have been cured with these hardeners exhibit in particular a very good water resistance.

Abstract: Curable compositions which are precursors for cured or partially cured light stabilized epoxy resins which are the product of the reaction of some or all of the epoxy groups of an epoxy resin with an N-(2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl-4-piperidinyl)amic acid hydrazide as well as the cured or partially cured reaction products thereof together with processes for their use and articles of manufacture produced thereby are disclosed.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition useful as a matrix for fiber-reinforced composites is disclosed which includes a mixture containing 30-95% by weight of a tetrafunctional epoxy resin, 3-40% by weight of an admixture of trifunctional epoxy resin oligomers and 2-50% by weight of a bisphenol A epoxy resin having a number average molecular weight of 450-1,300 and such a weight average molecular weight as to provide a ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight of 1.3-3.0.

Abstract: Urethane-modified polyoxyalkylene epoxy resins useful in aqueous dispersions having the general formula ##STR1## where R and R.sup.1 are, independently of one another, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group,R.sup.4 is a C.sub.1-4 alkylenemoiety, ##STR3## each b is, independently of one another, an integer from 0 to 4, and c is 1 to 10;a is 1 to 20, andR.sub.2 is H and at least once the group ##STR4## R.sup.6 is a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group, R.sup.7 is H or CH.sub.3 --,d is 1 to 100,e is 0 or 1,f is 0 or 1, andR.sup.8 is an aliphatic, cyclic, alicyclic, aromatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: A method for preparing an advanced epoxy cationic resin from an epoxy resin containing oxirane groups by converting at least some of the oxirane groups to cationic groups is improved by using as the epoxy-based resin a blend of (I) an epoxy resin obtained by reacting in the presence of a suitable catalyst (1) a diglycidylether of an aliphatic diol which diol is essentially free of ether oxygen atoms, such as a condensation product of 1,4-butanediol and epichlorohydrin, optionally (2) a diglycidylether of a dihydric phenol, for example a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, (3) a dihydric phenol such as bisphenol A, and optionally (4) a capping agent such as p-nonylphenol and (II) a different cationic epoxy resin. Such resin blends can be utilized in cathodic electrodeposition coating systems.

Abstract: Accelerator compositions for the free radical polymerization of unsaturated polyesters and for the curing of unsaturated polyesters and polyurethanes are disclosed. More particularly, use is made of complexes of thiolic compounds with metal salts as the accelerators. In more preferred embodiments, the accelerators also include oxygen-containing compounds or phosphorus-containing compounds. Also disclosed are curable resin compositions comprising these accelerators and polymerization and curing processes employing these accelerators.

Abstract: Water-reducible curing agents for epoxy resins are made from the diglycidyl ether of cyclohexane dimethanol and a diamine selected from the group consisting of meta-xylylene diamine, isophorone diamine, diaminocyclohexane and 1,3-bisaminomethyl cyclohexane.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat-resistant resin composition prepared by mixing a resin composition (A) and polyamine (B), followed by heating the mixture for the hardening, said composition (A) being prepared by heating a mixture of (a) polymaleimide resin represented by a general formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is an organic group having a valency of n, Xa and Xb are the same or different monovalent atoms or groups selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, halogen atom and organic group, and n is an integer of 1 to 4, (b) an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, and (c) a compound having one alcoholic or phenolic OH group and at least one epoxy group in the molecule.

Abstract: Barrier materials for reducing the permeability of plastic packaging materials are provided, characterized as containing at least about seven percent by weight amine nitrogen, or a total of at least about 17 percent amine nitrogen plus hydroxyl groups. The barrier materials exhibit oxygen permeability of less than about 1.5 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -day-atmosphere and a carbon dioxide permeability of less than about 15 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -day-atmosphere at 23.degree. C. and zero percent relative humidity. The barrier material can be formed from polyepoxide and polyamine. Optionally the polyamine may comprise prereacted polymeric resin formed from a polyepoxide and a polyamine. Multilayer packaging materials and multilayer containers including the polyamine-polyepoxide barrier material are part of the invention.

Abstract: Adducts containing terminating nitro (nitroso) groups and one or more mesogenic moieties are prepared by reacting (A) at least one compound containing an average of more than one vicinal epoxide group per molecule with (B) at least one compound containing one or more nitro (nitroso) groups and an average of one reactive hydrogen atom per molecule; with the proviso that at least one member of components (A) and (B) contains a mesogenic moiety. Reduction of these adducts provides amines which are useful as curing agents for epoxy resins.

Abstract: Compositions comprising epoxy resins containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule are cured with polyamines containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule. These curable compositions can be oriented by the application of an electric field or magnetic field or drawing and/or shear flow prior to and/or during curing. The resultant cured products exhibit an improvement in one or more physical and/or mechanical and/or thermal properties as compared to a like epoxy resin system which does not contain any rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: A method of producing a multiphase polymer is disclosed whereby the phases have the same chemical structure but have different morphological states and thus different properties. This is achieved by forming a mixture of precursors of the polymer, at least one of the precursors having a reaction rate higher than the other precursor or precursors in the mixture. The precursor having the highest reaction rate is then converted to obtain a composite of a polymer and the precursors that are not polymerized. This mixture might also be formed by mixing a soluble polymer with its precursor.

Abstract: A resin composition for a cationically electrodepositable paint comprising(A) a resin having hydroxyl groups and cationic groups,(B) an epoxy resin having at least 2 epoxy functional groups each of which comprises an epoxy group directly bound to an alicyclic ring and/or bridged alicyclic ring on average per molecule, and(C) a finely divided gelled polymer as principal components, wherein said finely divided gelled polymer is obtained by emulsion polymerizing(C-1) a polymerizable monomer containing at least two radically polymerizable unsaturated groups in the molecule, and(C-2) a radically polymerizable unsaturated monomer other than the one mentioned in (C-1), abovein the presence of a reactive emulsifier containing an allyl group in the molecule.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel epoxy polymeric composition resulting from reacting (A) at least one compound containing an average of more than one epoxide group per molecule with (B) at least one curing agent for component (A). At least a portion of the curing agent (B) is at least a first curing agent compound which contains (a) an average of more than one active amine hydrogen atom per molecule and (b) an average of at least one aromatic ring which contains at least one pendant monovalent electron withdrawing group. The present invention also includes a process for preparing the above polymeric materials. The polymeric materials of the present invention also exhibit nonlinear optical capabilities when formed into an optically transparent medium with a noncentrosymmetric alignment of molecules. The nonlinear optical materials of the present invention are useful in electrooptic devices for use in communications and data-processing.

Abstract: Adducts which are obtainable by reacting cycloaliphatic or heterocycloaliphatic polyamines containing at least two primary groups with polyfunctional epoxides containing more than two epoxy groups per molecule in such amounts as to supply 10-100 equivalents of active hydrogen atoms bound to amino nitrogen per one epoxide equivalent, are suitable hardeners for epoxy adhesives, especially adhesives for metals and thermosetting plastics.

Abstract: Water-dilutable coating binder combinations which can be deposited cathodically, and based on epoxy resin-amine adducts, acrylate copolymers and crosslinking components are described. The binders are particularly suitable for formulation of water-dilutable primers and one-coat paints when deposited cathodically are described. In 3 to 30% by weight, based on the solids, of a basic epoxy resin-amine adduct (A) which is free from epoxide groups, 70 to 97% by weight of a monomer mixture (B), which consists of esters of (meth)acrylic acid which contain secondary or tertiary amino groups, of monoesters of (meth)acrylic acid with diols, of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters and if appropriate of aromatic vinyl monomers, is polymerized. Components (A) and (B) comprise at least 5% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight, of identical aliphatic radicals having 7 to 18 carbon atoms. The baked films based on these products have a high degree of gloss and an excellent UV, washing agent, and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: Advanced epoxy resins containing mesogenic moieties are prepared from epoxy resins which contain such moieties.

Abstract: Compositions comprising epoxy resins containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule are cured with curing agents which will normally cure epoxy resins. These curable compositions can be oriented by the application of an electric field, magnetic field drawing and/or shear flow prior to and/or during curing. The resultant cured products exhibit an improvement in one or more physical or mechanical properties as compared to a like epoxy resin system which does not contain any rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition useful as a molded article is curable with a combination of curing agents including diamino-alpha-alkylstilbenes and other curing agents wherein the epoxy resin and/or the other curing agents can contain rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: Compositions comprising epoxy resins containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule are cured with curing agents which will normally cure epoxy resins. These curable compositions can be oriented by the application of an electric field, magnetic field drawing and/or shear flow prior to and/or during curing. The resultant cured products exhibit an improvement in one or more physical or mechanical properties as compared to a like epoxy resin system which does not contain any rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: A resin composition for sealing semiconductors which comprises an organic component (A) which contains (a) a polymaleimide compound represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a m-valent organic group having two or more carbon atoms and m is an integer of two or more and (b) a phenolic aralkyl resin represented by the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein X is a divalent group having the formula ##STR3## and n is an integer of from 0 to 100, or contains a mixture of the phenolic aralkyl resin and a phenol, and component (B) which contains an inorganic filler.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an epoxy-containing polymeric material having nonlinear optical properties, particularly a glycidyl amine polymer, and a process for making the nonlinear optical (NLO) epoxy-containing polymeric material including poling the polymeric material under high voltage at elevated temperature for a period of time to bring about orientation of the nonlinear optical functionalities in the polymer. The polymers have enhanced thermal stability and good NLO properties.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition useful as a molded article is cured with a combination of curing agents including diamino-alpha-alkylstilbenes and other curing agents wherein the epoxy resin and/or the other curing agent can contain rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: A halogen free casting resin suitable for covering electron devices with a fire retardant material contains an acidic ester of an hydroxy-functional phosphor compound and an organic anhydride. A stable mixture can be generated from the acidic ester and the hardener component of the casting resin, and further used for the hardening of epoxides resins. The acidic ester is chemically integrated in the epoxide resin matrix in a stable mixture, thereby improving the long term fire-retardancy of the casting resin molding compound without increasing the volatility of the mixture.

Abstract: A method for preparing an advanced epoxy cationic resin from an epoxy-based resin containing oxirane groups by converting at least some of the oxirane groups to cationic groups is improved by using as the epoxy-based resin a blend of (I) an epoxy-based resin obtained by reacting in the presence of a suitable catalyst (1) a diglycidylether of an aliphatic diol which diol is essentially free of ether oxygen atoms, such as a condensation product of 1,4-butanediol and epichlorohydrin, optionally (2) a diglycidylether of a dihydric phenol, for example a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, (3) a dihydric phenol such as bisphenol A, and optionally (4) a capping agent such as p-nonylphenol and (II) a different cationic epoxy-based resin. Such resin blends can be utilized in cathodic electrodeposition coating systems.

Abstract: An advanced epoxy cationic resin useful as an electrodeposition coating having a charge density of from 0.2 to 0.6 milliequivalent of cationic charge per gram of resin is prepared by reacting in the presence of a suitable catalyst (A) a composition comprising (1) at least one diglycidyl ether of (a) an oxyalkylated aromatic diol or (b) an oxyalkylated cycloaliphatic diol or (c) certain oxyalkylated aliphatic diols and (2) at least one diglycidyl ether of a dihydric phenol with (B) at least one dihydric phenol and optionally (C) a monofunctional capping agent. Components (A-1) and (A-2) are employed in quantities such that from 10 to 75 weight percent of the diglycidyl ethers contained in component (A) are contributed by component (A-1), and from 25 to 90 weight percent of such glycidyl ethers are contributed by component (A-2). Components (A) and (B) are employed in such quantities that the resultant epoxy resin has an average epoxide equivalent weight of from 350 to 10,000.

Abstract: A resin composition for a cationically electrodepositable paint comprising(A) a resin having hydroxyl groups and cationic groups such as tertiary amino groups prepared from the reaction product of a polyepoxide compound and an secondary amine having hydroxyl group(s), and(B) an epoxy resin having at least 2 epoxy functional groups each of which comprises an epoxy group directly bound to an alicyclic ring and/or bridged alicyclic ring on average per molecule.

Abstract: Polymer modified adducts are prepared by (A) reacting (1) an epoxy resin having an average of more than one vicinal epoxide group with (2) a compound containing an average of two or more hydrogen atoms reactive with an epoxide group; and (B) partially vinylizing reacting the product from step (A); and (C) polymerizing the partially vinylized product from step (B) with (3) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer; with the proviso that at least one of the components (1), (2) or (3) contain one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties. These adducts are useful as epoxy resin curing agents.

Abstract: An improved aqueous electrocoating composition having a binder of an epoxy-amine adduct; wherein the improvement is the use of a .beta. amino ester crosslinking agent having the following formula ##STR1## wherein: n is an integer of 2-10,R is H or CH.sub.3,R.sup.1 is R.sup.2 --OH or an alkyl group 1-4 carbon atoms,R.sup.2 is an alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atomsR.sup.3 is an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms andR.sup.4 is a polymeric component having a weight average molecular weight of about 200-10,000.

Abstract: Compositions comprising epoxy resins containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule are cured with polyamines containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule. These curable compositions can be oriented by the application of an electric field or magnetic field or drawing and/or shear flow prior to and/or during curing. The resultant cured products exhibit an improvement in one or more physical and/or mechanical and/or thermal properties as compared to a like epoxy resin system which does not contain any rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: The invention relates to organotin compositions, to a process for their production, and to their use in catalyzing the crosslinking reactions of cationic paint binders crosslinkable by transesterification and/or transurethanization and/or by the reaction of terminal double bonds. The organotin compositions are prepared by dispersion of dibutyltin oxide in a dispersion medium comprising at least one substituted oxazolidine compound and, if appropriate, specially chosen water-tolerant organic solvents. Cationic paints, especially cathodically depositable electrocoating paints, catalyzed by the organotin compositions have very good sedimentation stability in dilute paint batches and show no surface defects in the stoved paint films.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for hardening a curable one-package epoxy resin system formed of an epoxy resin and a hardener, which comprises heating the curable one-package epoxy resin system to start the reaction between the epoxy resin and the hardener, and, before the reaction ratio reaches 50%, leaving the curable one-package epoxy resin system to stand at an ambient temperature.

Abstract: Compositions comprising epoxy resins containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule are cured with polyamines containing one or more rodlike mesogenic moieties per molecule. These curable compositions can be oriented by the application of an electric field or magnetic field or drawing and/or shear flow prior to and/or during curing. The resultant cured products exhibit an improvement in one or more physical and/or mechanical and/or thermal properties as compared to a like epoxy resin system which does not contain any rodlike mesogenic moieties.

Abstract: A modified epoxy resin composition for use in making a printed circuit board comprising: (1) a modified epoxy resin obtained by reacting (a) a low molecular weight epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups which .[.have.]. .Iadd.has .Iaddend.the following formula, ##STR1## (b) .[.a mono-nucleus chain tending agent containing N-heterocyclic fatty groups and.]. .Iadd.an N-heterocyclic fatty amino chain-extended agent .Iaddend.at least two active hydrogen atoms and represented by the formulas, and (c) at least one catalyst for catalyzing the reaction between components (a) and (b).