Abstract: This invention relates to a solid MgCb-based Natta catalyst component comprising a C2 to C6 alkyl tetrahydrofurfuryl ether as internal electron donor for producing olefin polymers and preparation of said catalyst component. Further, the invention relates to a Ziegler-Natta catalyst comprising said solid catalyst component, Group 13 metal compound as co-catalyst and optionally external additives. The invention further relates to the use of said catalyst component in producing olefin polymers, especially ethylene copolymers.

Abstract: An improved solid Ziegler-Natta type catalyst for the (co)polymerisation of ethylene and ?-olefins, particularly in high-temperature processes, such as for example adiabatic solution processes and high-pressure adiabatic processes with elevated productivity, is provided. Said catalyst is obtained by means of an original process comprising dissolving in hydrocarbons, compounds of titanium, magnesium and optionally a metal selected from hafnium and zirconium, and reprecipitating them in two steps in succession, the first of which is chlorination and the second reduction.

Abstract: A method for producing a hydrogenated ring-opening metathesis polymer includes subjecting a cyclic olefin to ring-opening metathesis polymerization in the presence of a polymerization catalyst to produce a ring-opening metathesis polymer, and hydrogenating at least some of carbon-carbon double bonds of the ring-opening metathesis polymer, at least one ruthenium compound selected from a group made of a ruthenium compound represented by a formula (I), (II), (III), and (IV) being used as the polymerization catalyst; and a resin composition having a hydrogenated ring-opening metathesis polymer produced by this method. It is possible to industrially advantageously produce a hydrogenated ring-opening metathesis polymer that exhibits especially excellent light transmittance.

Abstract: A method of making metal nanostructures having a nanometer size in at least one dimension includes preparing an aqueous solution comprising a cation of a first metal and an anion, and mixing commercial elemental powder particles of an elemental second metal having a greater reduction potential than the first metal with the aqueous solution in an amount that reacts and dissolves all of the second metal and precipitates the first metal as metal nanostructures. The temperature and concentration of the aqueous solution and the selection of the anions and the second metal are chosen to produce metal nanostructures of a desired shape, for example ribbons, wires, flowers, rods, spheres, hollow spheres, scrolls, tubes, sheets, hexagonal sheets, rice, cones, dendrites, or particles.

Abstract: A catalyst component for olefin polymerization is disclosed, which comprises a reaction product of the following components: (1) a spheric carrier; (2) a titanium compound; and optionally, (3) an electron donor, wherein the spheric carrier comprises a reaction product of at least the following components: (a) a magnesium halide represented by a general formula of MgX2-nRn, wherein X is independently chloride or bromide, R is a C1-C14 alkyl, a C6-C14 aryl, a C1-C14 alkoxy, or a C6-C14 aryloxy, and n is 0 or 1; (b) an alcohol compound; and (c) an epoxy compound represented by a general formula (I), wherein R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, a C1-C5 linear or branched alkyl, or a C1-C5 linear or branched haloalkyl.

Abstract: A semi-continuous process and system thereof, for the synthesis of a narrow particle size distribution Zeigler Natta procatalyst for use in the manufacture of polyolefins. The process comprises: (a) mixing a reaction mixture containing a titanium compound; (b) charging a first reactor with said reaction mixture; (c) removing excess reactants from said first reactor as a filtrate; (d) feeding said filtrate to at least one further reactor; and continuously removing excess reactants from said at least further reactor.

Abstract: Provided are a solid catalyst for propylene polymerization and a method for preparing the same, specifically a solid catalyst for propylene polymerization which does not contain any environmentally harmful material and can produce a polypropylene having excellent stereoregularity with a high production yield, and a method for preparing the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing ethylene to produce an ethylene-based polymer including contacting ethylene with a Ziegler-Natta procatalyst, an alkylaluminum cocatalyst and a self limiting agent selected from the group of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, substituted cycloaliphatic or aromatic esters, anhydrides and amides such that the self limiting agent reduces polymerization rates to no greater than 40% of the polymerization rate in the absence of the self limiting agent at temperatures equal to or greater than 120° C. is provided.

Abstract: Methods for controlling properties of an olefin polymer using an alcohol compound are disclosed. The MI and the HLMI of the polymer can be decreased, and the Mw and the Mz of the polymer can be increased, via the addition of the alcohol compound.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization is carried out with a supported phosphinimine catalyst which has been treated with a long chain substituted amine compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-component catalytic system that can be used for the cis-1,4 stereospecific polymerization of conjugated dienes. The system is based on: (i) a rare-earth complex of Formula (II) Ln(A)3(B)n, Ln being a rare-earth metal, A a ligand, B a Lewis base or a solvent molecule and n a number from 0 to 3; (ii) an alkylating agent; (iii) a compound based on an aromatic ring and having at least two heteroatoms chosen from the elements O, N, S, P, and corresponding to the Formula (III): in which the R groups each denote hydrogen, an alkyl radical optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms (N, O, P, S, Si) or one or more halogen atoms, a halogen atom, a group based on one or more heteroatoms (N, O, P, S, Si); x and y are integers from 0 to 6; D is a group having a chemical function, one of the atoms of which has a non-bonding pair; L being an atom from column 1 of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions for alkyne metathesis catalysts and methods for preparing enediynes and alkyne metathesis catalysts. The disclosure also provides methods for catalyzing alkyne metathesis reactions and polymerization of enediyne substrates to polydiacetylenes in solution-phase.

Abstract: Catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and an electron donor compound of the following formula (I) In which R to R4 groups, equal to or different from each other, are hydrogen, halogen or C1-C15 hydrocarbon groups, optionally containing an heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N and Si, which may be linked to form a saturated or unsaturated mono or polycycle and R5 groups are selected from C1-C15 hydrocarbon groups optionally containing an heteroatom selected from halogen, P, S, N and Si.

Abstract: This invention provides activator precursor compositions and activator compositions. The activator precursor compositions are formed from a support material, an organoaluminum compound, and polyfunctional compounds having at least two aromatic groups in which at least two of said aromatic groups each has at least one polar moiety thereon. The activator compositions are formed from a support material, an organoaluminum compound, an aluminoxane, and a polyfunctional compound having at least two aromatic groups in which at least two of said aromatic groups each has at least one polar moiety thereon. Also provided are catalyst compositions, processes for forming catalyst compositions, and polymerization processes utilizing the catalyst compositions of this invention.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an active metallocene catalyst system prepared with a hafnium-based metallocene catalyst system and an activating agent comprising an aluminoxane and a sterically hindered Lewis base.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst system for polymerization of propylene, the catalyst system comprising a Ziegler Natta procatalyst, an organoaluminium cocatalyst, a monoester of an aromatic carboxylic acid as the internal donor and ethyl-4-isopropoxy benzoate as the selectivity control agent. The invention also relates to a process for polymerization using the catalyst system as well as to polymers prepared by the process.

Abstract: Slurry polymerization process for the preparation of a polypropylene (PP) having a decaline soluble fraction (DS) of equal or below 2.5 wt.-%, wherein (a) a Ziegler-Natta catalyst (ZN), (b) propylene and optionally ethylene and/or an C4 to C12 ?-olefin, and (c) a diluent (D) comprising a donor agent (DA), are fed into a first reactor vessel (R1) and the polymerization of said polypropylene (PP) takes place in at least said first reactor (R1).

Abstract: A process for preparing a polydiene, the process comprising the step of polymerizing conjugated diene monomer in the presence of a dihydrocarbyl ether, where said step of polymerizing takes place within a polymerization mixture that includes less than 20% by weight of organic solvent based on the total weight of the polymerization mixture, and where said step of polymerizing employs a lanthanide-based catalyst system that includes the combination of or reaction product of ingredients including (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an aluminoxane, (c) an organoaluminum compound other than an aluminoxane, and (d) a bromine-containing compound selected from the group consisting of elemental bromine, bromine-containing mixed halogens, and organic bromides.

Abstract: Provided are a solid catalyst which includes an internal electron donor mixture including at least one selected from bicycloalkane dicarboxylates and bicycloalkene dicarboxylates, and benzene 1,2-dicarboxylic acid ester, and can produce a polypropylene having excellent stereoregularity and melt flowability with a high catalytic activity, and a method for preparing polypropylene using the catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a solid catalyst for polymerization of polypropylene. The method includes: a) reacting a magnesium halide compound with alcohol and then adding a phthalic acid compound thereto to prepare a magnesium compound solution; b) mixing an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent with an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to prepare a mixed solvent, dispersing a titanium compound in the mixed solvent, and then reacting the titanium compound dispersed with the magnesium compound solution prepared in step a), and heating to produce a support; and c) reacting the support with the titanium used before disperse in step b) compound and an electron donor to obtain a solid product. When a catalyst prepared by the present disclosure is used, polypropylene with high activity and high bulk density characteristics may be prepared.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalyst compositions for isoprene polymerization formed from components comprising (A) at least one titanium halide; (B) at least one organic aluminum compound comprising at least one alkyl aluminum of formula AlR3, wherein each of the three Rs is independently chosen from linear and branched C1-6 alkyl groups; and (C) at least one electron donor comprising at least one polyether compound of formula (I) and/or at least one tetrahydro-furfuryl ether compound of formula (II). Also disclosed are processes for preparation of the catalyst compositions and processes using the catalyst compositions for isoprene polymerization.

Abstract: Methods for gas phase olefin polymerization are provided. The method can include combining a spray dried catalyst system with a diluent to produce a catalyst slurry. The catalyst system can include a metallocene compound. Ethylene, a continuity additive, and the catalyst slurry can be introduced to a gas phase fluidized bed reactor. The reactor can be operated at conditions sufficient to produce a polyethylene. The spray dried catalyst system can have a catalyst productivity of at least 12,000 grams polyethylene per gram of the catalyst system.

Abstract: Solid adducts comprising a MgCl2, ethanol and a compound (A), said compounds being present in molar ratios defined by the following formula MgCl2.(EtOH)n(A)p in which n is from 0.1 to 6, p ranges from 0.001 to 0.5 and A is a compound selected from cyclic hydrocarbon structures which are substituted with at least two hydroxy groups.

Abstract: A method for transitioning from a Ziegler-Natta to a Phillips catalyst system for the olefin polymerization reaction in one reactor, preferably a gas phase reactor, is described. The method comprises the steps of a) discontinuing a first olefin polymerization reaction performed in the presence of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst system; b) performing a second olefin polymerization reaction in the presence of a further catalyst system comprising catalyst components (A) and (B) producing, respectively, a first and a second polyolefin fraction, wherein the Mw of the first polyolefin fraction is less than the Mw of the second polyolefin fraction and the initial activity of catalyst component (A) exceeds the initial activity of catalyst component (B); and c) performing a third olefin polymerization reaction the presence of the Phillips catalyst system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a catalyst system based on a metallocene catalyst component and a new single site catalyst component for the production in a single reactor of improved polyolefins having a bimodal molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: Provided are a solid catalyst for propylene polymerization which includes titanium, magnesium, halogen and an internal electron donor mixture of two or more compounds wherein the internal electron donor mixture includes at least one selected from the bicycloalkanes or bicycloalkenes and at least one selected from diethers and succinates, and a method for preparing propylene using the same. As disclosed, it is possible to prepare polypropylene having an excellent stereoregularity with a high production yield.

Abstract: Disclosed are procatalyst compositions having an internal electron donor which includes an adamantane dicarboxylate and optionally an additional electron donor component. Ziegler-Natta catalyst compositions containing the present procatalyst compositions to produce propylene-based olefins with broad molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: There are provided (I) a process for producing a copolymer of ethylene, an ?-olefin having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms and optionally a polyene, which comprises the step of copolymerizing those monomers in a polymerization reactor by feeding the following components (A), (B), (C1) and (D) to the polymerization reactor: (A) a transition metal complex, (B) an organic aluminum compound, (C1) a halogen-containing compound, and (D) a Lewis base, wherein those components are fed to the polymerization reactor without a preliminary contact of (1) the component (A) with the component (B), (2) the component (A) with the component (C1), (3) the component (B) with the component (C1), and (4) the component (B) with the component (D); and (II) a process for producing said copolymer, which comprises the step of copolymerizing those monomers in a polymerization reactor (i) by feeding to the polymerization reactor the components (A), (B), (D), (C2) a halogen-containing compound, which is a derivative of an aryl group-contai

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1-butene homopolymers or 1-butene/alpha olefin copolymers wherein the alpha olefins are selected from ethylene, propylene or alpha olefins of formula CH2?CHZ wherein Z is a C3-C20 alkyl radical, comprising contacting 1-butene or 1-butene and one or more alpha olefins under polymerization conditions in the presence of a catalyst system comprising: (a) a solid component comprising a Ti compound and an internal electron-donor compound supported on MgCl2 (b) an alkylaluminum cocatalyst; and (c) a compound of formula (I) as external donor Wherein: R1, R2, R3 and R4, equal to or different from each other, are hydrogen atoms or C1-C20 hydrocarbon radicals optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; or two R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be joined to form a C5-C20, saturated or unsaturated ring.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a catalyst system based on a metallocene catalyst component and a new single site catalyst component for the production in a single reactor of improved polyolefins having a bimodal molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalyst compositions for isoprene polymerization formed from components comprising (A) at least one titanium halide; (B) at least one organic aluminum compound comprising at least one alkyl aluminum of formula AlR3, wherein each of the three Rs is independently chosen from linear and branched C1-6 alkyl groups; and (C) at least one electron donor comprising at least one polyether compound of formula (I) and/or at least one tetrahydro-furfuryl ether compound of formula (II). Also disclosed are processes for preparation of the catalyst compositions and processes using the catalyst compositions for isoprene polymerization.

Abstract: A production process of a propylene block copolymer, comprising the steps of (I) contacting a solid catalyst component containing titanium atoms, magnesium atoms and halogen atoms with an organoaluminum compound and an external electron donor represented by the defined formula, thereby forming a polymerization catalyst, (II) polymerizing propylene in the presence of the polymerization catalyst, thereby forming a polymer component (1) having an intrinsic viscosity, [?]1, and (III) copolymerizing propylene with an olefin other than propylene in the presence of the polymer component (1), thereby forming a polymer component (2) having an intrinsic viscosity, [?]2, which is three times or more [?]1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new catalyst supports comprising nanofibers, a catalyst system comprising these supports as well as a process for preparing nanocomposites and the nanocomposites prepared. The invention especially concerns a supported catalyst system for polymerization of olefins, comprising a support made of fibers or a fleece of fibers, wherein the mean fiber diameter is less than 1000 nm, preferably less than 500 nm and the mean fiber length is more than 200,000 nm, preferably more than 500,000 nm and especially preferred more than 1,000,000 nm as well as a process for polymerizing olefinic systems in the presence of these catalyst systems and the resulting nanocomposites.

Abstract: Low-viscosity drag reducers, systems for delivering low-viscosity drag reducers, and methods of making low-viscosity drag reducers are disclosed. The low-viscosity drag reducers have a viscosity less than 350 cP at a shear rate of 250 sec?1 and a temperature of 60° P. This low-viscosity allows the drag reducers to be delivered through a long and relatively small diameter conduit of a subsea umbilical line without an unacceptable level of pressure drop or plugging of the conduit. The low-viscosity drag reducers can be delivered to a subsea flowline carrying fluids produced from a subterranean formation to 10 thereby provide significant drag reduction in the flow line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel iron complex having a cyclic amine compound as a ligand and a method for producing polymers by polymerizing a radical polymerizable monomer in the presence of the iron complex and a radical generator. The problem for the present invention is providing a method capable of producing a polymer or block copolymer having a chemically convertible functional group at the end from a radical polymerizable monomer and providing a method for recovering the iron complex in a solvent with a high recovery rate after the polymerization reaction. This problem is solved by providing a novel iron complex, a method for producing a polymer in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator that uses the iron complex as a polymerization catalyst and a method for simply and easily recovering the iron complex.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polydiene, the process comprising the step of polymerizing conjugated diene monomer in the presence of a dihydrocarbyl ether, where said step of polymerizing employs a lanthanide-based catalyst system.

Abstract: Polymerization processes in a bulk loop reactor are described herein. In particular, a method of contacting a flow of metallocene with a flow of propylene is provided. This method includes directing the flow of metallocene towards a junction, directing the flow of propylene towards the junction and maintaining a portion of the flow of metallocene separate from a portion of the flow propylene within a portion of the junction downstream of the flow of propylene into the junction. In another embodiment, a method of introducing a quantity of antifouling agent into a catalyst mixing system is provided. In this embodiment a portion of the antifouling agent is introduced at or downstream of a point of contact of a stream of propylene with a stream of catalyst. The antifouling agent may be a member, alone or in combination with other members, selected from Stadis 450 Conductivity Improver, Synperonic antifouling agent, and Pluronic antifouling agent.

Abstract: A process for producing a modified particle, which comprises the step of contacting a compound (a) defined by the formula, M1L13, a compound (b) defined by the formula, R1t-1TH, a compound (c) or (e) defined by the formula, R2m-uM2(OH)u or R24-nJ(OH)n, respectively, and a particle (d) with one another; a carrier comprising a modified particle produced by said process; a catalyst component (A) comprising a modified particle produced by said process; a process for producing a catalyst for addition polymerization, which comprises the step of contacting said catalyst component (A), a transition metal compound (B) and an optional organoaluminum compound (C) with one another; and a process for producing an addition polymer, which comprises the step of addition polymerizing an addition-polymerizable monomer in the presence of a catalyst for addition polymerization produced by said process.

Abstract: A procedure for improved temperature control in controlled radical polymerization processes is disclosed. The procedure is directed at controlling the concentration of the persistent radical in ATRP and NMP polymerizations procedures and the concentration of radicals in a RAFT polymerization process by feeding a reducing agent or radical precursor continuously or intermittently to the reaction medium through one of more ports.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the polymerization of olefins, comprising the steps of introducing at least one olefin, at least one polymerization catalyst, at least one cocatalyst and at least one cocatalyst aid, and optionally a scavenger, into a polymerization reactor, and polymerizing the olefin, wherein the cocatalyst aid is a reaction product prepared separately prior to the introduction into the reactor by reacting at least one metal alkyl compound of group IIA or IIIA of the periodic system of elements and at least one compound (A) of the formula RmXR?n, wherein R is a branched, straight, or cyclic, substituted or unsubstituted, hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R? is hydrogen or any functional group with at least one active hydrogen, X is at least one heteroatom selected from the group of O, N, P or S or a combination thereof, and wherein n and m are each at least 1 and are such that the formula has no net charge.

Abstract: A method for making a solid catalytic component for a Ziegler-Natta catalyst includes contacting a particulate porous support with a solution of a hydrocarbon soluble organomagnesium precursor compound in a hydrocarbon solvent; and reacting said hydrocarbon soluble organo-magnesium precursor compound with an amount of aliphatic or aromatic alcohol, said amount being within an acceptable range of a molar equivalent of aliphatic or aromatic alcohol calculated according to formula (I): Equ Alkanol = 2 · [ ( mmole ? ? MgR / g ? ? support ) - 2.1 - 0.

Abstract: The process for producing an olefin polymer according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises polymerizing an olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst for olefin polymerization containing a solid titanium catalyst component (I) which contains titanium, magnesium, halogen, and a cyclic ester compound (a) specified by the following formula (1): wherein n is an integer of 5 to 10, R2 and R3 are each independently COOR1 or a hydrogen atom, and at least one of R2 and R3 is COOR1; and R1's are each independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a single bond (excluding Ca—Ca bonds, and a Ca—Cb bond in the case where R3 is a hydrogen atom) in the cyclic backbone may be replaced with a double bond, and an organometallic compound catalyst component (II), at an internal pressure of the polymerization vessel which is 0.25 times or more as high as the saturation vapor pressure of the olefin at a polymerization temperature.

Abstract: A catalyst for olefin polymerization of the present invention includes a solid titanium catalyst component (I) including titanium, magnesium, halogen, and a cyclic ester compound (a) represented by the following formula (1): wherein n is an integer of 5 to 10; R2 and R3 are each independently COOR1 or R, and at least one of R2 and R3 is COOR1; a single bond (excluding Ca—Ca bonds, and a Ca—Cb bond in the case where R3 is R) in the cyclic backbone may be replaced with a double bond; a plurality of R1's are each independently a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and a plurality of R's are each independently a hydrogen atom or a substituent, but at least one of R's is a hydrogen atom, and an organometal compound catalyst component (II). When this catalyst for olefin polymerization is used, an olefin polymer having a broad molecular weight distribution can be produced.

Abstract: Process for preparing an antistatic for olefin polymerization by contacting an antistatically acting compound comprising at least one hydrogen atom bound to a nonmetallic heteroatom with at least one metal alkyl in an amount which is sufficient to react completely with the at least one hydrogen atom bound to a heteroatom, wherein the antistatically acting compound and the metal alkyl are each present in a concentration of at least 0.01% by weight during contacting.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polydiene, the process comprising the step of polymerizing conjugated diene monomer in the presence of a dihydrocarbyl ether, where said step of polymerizing takes place within a polymerization mixture that includes less than 20% by weight of organic solvent based on the total weight of the polymerization mixture, and where said step of polymerizing employs a lanthanide-based catalyst system that includes the combination of or reaction product of ingredients including (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an aluminoxane, (c) an organoaluminum compound other than an aluminoxane, and (d) a bromine-containing compound selected from the group consisting of elemental bromine, bromine-containing mixed halogens, and organic bromides.

Abstract: Propylene polymers having a content of isotactic pentads (mmmm) higher than 97%, molecular weight distribution, expressed by the formula (a) ratio, equal to or higher than 6 and a value of formula (b) ratio equal to or lower than 5.5. The said polymers are prepared in the presence of a particular combination of Ziegler-Natta solid catalyst components and highly stereoregulating electron-donor compounds. Laminated articles, in particular bi-axially oriented films and sheets, can be prepared with the said polymers.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polydiene, the process comprising the step of polymerizing conjugated diene monomer in the presence of a dihydrocarbyl ether, where said step of polymerizing employs a lanthanide-based catalyst system.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a high melt flow rate high crystallinity polypropylene homopolymer. The present invention likewise describes a bulk polymerization process using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst to produce the high melt flow rate high crystallinity polypropylene homopolymer according to the invention.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for polymerizing olefins to polymers having bimodal molecular weight distribution comprises two transition metal-containing metallocene compounds, a magnesium compound, an alcohol, an aluminum containing co-catalyst and a polymeric support. The transition metal in one of the metallocene compounds is zirconium and the transition metal in the second metallocene compound is selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium and hafnium. Polyolefin polymers made using the catalyst composition have broad molecular weight distributions and are useful in film and blow molding applications.

Abstract: The present application relates to a new catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins, comprising a new ionic activator having the formula: [R1R2R3AH]+ [Y]?, wherein [Y]? is a non-coordinating anion (NCA), A is nitrogen or phosphorus, R1 and R2 are hydrocarbyl groups or heteroatom-containing hydrocarbyl groups and together form a first, 3- to 10-membered non-aromatic ring with A, wherein any number of adjacent ring members may optionally be members of at least one second, aromatic or aliphatic ring or aliphatic and/or aromatic ring system of two or more rings, wherein said at least one second ring or ring system is fused to said first ring, and wherein any atom of the first and/or at least one second ring or ring system is a carbon atom or a heteroatom and may be substituted independently by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1 to C10 alkyl, C5 to C15 aryl, C6 to C25 arylalkyl, and C6 to C25 alkylaryl, and R3 is a hydrogen atom or C1 to C10 alky