Abstract: A resist composition containing a base component (A) which generates acid upon exposure, and exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under the action of acid, wherein the base component (A) contains a polymeric compound (A1) having a structural unit (a5) represented by general formula (a5-0) shown below and a structural unit (a6) that generates acid upon exposure. In the formula, R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R1 represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, R2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and Y represents a hydrocarbon group in which a carbon atom or a hydrogen atom may be substituted with a substituent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to phenothiazine-base macromonomer compounds and methods of making the same.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor compound may be represented by the above Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 2, and an organic thin film may include the organic semiconductor compound according to Chemical Formula 1 or 2.

Abstract: A method of producing a polymeric compound, including: copolymerizing a monomer containing an —SO2— containing cyclic group with a monomer containing an acid decomposable group which exhibits increased polarity by the action of acid, thereby obtaining the polymeric compound, provided that the polymeric compound comprises no structural unit derived from a monomer that generates acid upon exposure, wherein the copolymerizing is conducted in the presence of 0.001 to 1.0 mol % of a basic compound, based on the monomer containing an —SO2— containing cyclic group.

Abstract: A positive resist composition including a base component (A?) which exhibits increased solubility in an alkali developing solution under the action of acid and generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A?) including a resin component (A1) having a structural unit (a0-1) represented by general formula (a0-1), a structural unit (a0-2) which generates acid upon exposure and a structural unit (a1) derived from an acrylate ester containing an acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 represents a divalent linking group, and R3 represents a cyclic group containing —SO2— within the ring skeleton thereof).

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A) containing a polymeric compound (A1) having a structural unit (a5) represented by general formula (a5-0) shown below (R1 represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; R2 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; and Y represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a polycyclic group, provided that the aromatic hydrocarbon group or the aliphatic hydrocarbon may have a carbon atom or a hydrogen atom thereof substituted with a substituent.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, a copolymer comprising at least one donor monomer and at least one acceptor monomer. The polymer may optionally further comprise at least one additional comonomer. The polymers are useful as a charge-transport, semiconducting, electrochemical conducting, photoconducting, or light emitting material. Microelectronic devices comprising such polymers (e.g., as a heterojunction therein) are also described.

Abstract: A resin comprising a structural unit represented by formula (aa): wherein T1 represents a C3-C34 sultone ring group optionally having a substituent, X1 represents —O— or —N(Rc)—, Rc represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, Z1 represents —X2— or —X3—X4—CO—X5—, where X2, X3 and X5 independently each represent a C1-C6 alkanediyl group, X4 represents —O— or —N(Rd)—, and Rd represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally having a halogen atom.

Abstract: A pre-cursor block copolymer for sulfonation which, prior to hydrogenation, has the general configuration A-B-A, A-B-A-B-A, (A-B-A)nX, (A-B)nX, A-D-B-D-A, A-B-D-B-A, (A-D-B)nX, (A-B-D)nX or mixtures thereof, wherein A, B and D blocks do not contain any significant levels of olefinic unsaturation. Each A and D block is a polymer block resistant to sulfonation, and each B block is a polymer block susceptible to sulfonation. Each A block is a segment of one or more polymerized para-substituted styrene monomers, each B block contains segments of one or more vinyl aromatic monomers selected from polymerized (i) unsubstituted styrene monomers, (ii) ortho-substituted styrene monomers, (iii) meta-substituted styrene monomers, (iv) alpha-methylstyrene, (v) 1,1-diphenylethylene, (vi) 1,2-diphenylethylene and (vii) mixtures thereof, and each D block contains polymers having a glass transition temperature less than 20° C. and a number average molecular weight of between 1,000 and 50,000.

Abstract: A polymer comprising: an anion part which generates acid upon exposure on at least one terminal of the main chain; and a structural unit (a1) containing an acid decomposable group that exhibits increased polarity by the action of acid, wherein the structural unit (a1) comprises two types of structural units, and a difference in an activation energy of the acid decomposable groups within the two types of structural units is at least 3.0 kJ/mol.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing fused ring compound having at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of a structural unit represented by the formula (1-1) and a structural unit represented by the formula (1-2).

Abstract: A donor-acceptor (DA) ?-conjugated polymer with high charge transfer mobility has a plurality of D1kAD1k portions, where k is 1 or 2, D1 is a donor unit having at least one solubilizing side chain, and A is an acceptor unit, and the donor-acceptor (DA) ?-conjugated polymer has a plurality of D2m spacer sequences situated between the D1kAD1k portions, where m is 1 to 6 and D2 is a second donor unit where all atoms of the unit are coplanar in at least one conformation that the unit can assume. The DA ?-conjugated polymer can reflect a blue tinted green, deep green, or yellow tinted green color. The DA ?-conjugated polymers have space-charge limited (SCL) zero field hole mobilities of at least 1×10?6 cm2V?1s?1.

Abstract: A luminescent polymer comprising a triarylene repeat unit which comprises a triarylene of general formula (I) which is substituted or unsubstituted and an arylene repeat unit -[-Ar-]- that is different from the triarylene repeat unit wherein X, Y, and Z are each independently O, S, CR2, SiR2 or NR and each R is independently alkyl, aryl or H.

Abstract: Provided are 1) a polymer which is excellent in a reactivity to acid and a heat stability and which is less swollen in developing, 2) a compound shown below which is a raw material for the above polymer and 3) a photoresist composition which contains the above polymer and which is improved in LWR and excellent in a heat resistance. (wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 2; R1 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl or the like; R2 to R10 each represent independently a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group, a branched alkyl group or the like; and A and B each represent independently an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom).

Abstract: A polymer containing an anion part which generates acid upon exposure on at least one terminal of the main chain, and at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (a0) containing a —SO2-containing cyclic group, a structural unit (a3) containing at least one group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —COOH, —CN, —SO2NH2 and —CONH2 and a structural unit (a5) which generates acid upon exposure.

Abstract: The invention provides a colored composition including a dye multimer having an alkali-soluble group as a dye, the dye multimer having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of from 5,000 to 20,000 and a dispersity (weight-average molecular weight (Mw)/number-average molecular weight (Mn)) of from 1.00 to 2.50.

Abstract: A positive resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits increased solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A) including a polymeric compound (A1) containing a structural unit (a0) represented by general formula (a0-1), a structural unit (a1) derived from an acrylate ester containing an acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group, and a structural unit (a3) derived from an acrylate ester containing a hydroxy group-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by general formula (a3-1), and the amount of the structural unit (a3) based on the combined total of all structural units constituting the polymeric compound (A1) being in the range of 1 to 30 mol %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (1) or (2) and to the use thereof in electronic devices, and to electronic devices which comprise these compounds. The invention furthermore relates to the preparation of the compounds of the formula (1) or (2) and to formulations comprising one or more compounds of the formula (1) or (2).

Abstract: A positive resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits increased solubility in an alkali developing solution under the action of acid, and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A) including a polymeric compound (A1) containing a structural unit (a0) having an aromatic group, a structural unit (a5) represented by general formula (a5-1) shown below, and a structural unit (a1) containing an acid-dissociable, dissolution-inhibiting group. In the formula (a5-1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 represents a divalent linking group, and R3 represents a cyclic group containing —SO2— within the ring skeleton thereof.

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) that exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under action of acid and an acid generator component (B) that generates acid upon exposure, wherein the base component (A) contains a resin component (A1) including a structural unit (a0) represented by general formula (a0-1) shown below and a structural unit (a1)) containing an acid decomposable group that exhibits increased polarity under action of acid, and the amount of the structural unit (a0) is less than 50 mol %, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R1 represents a divalent linking group; R2 represents a —SO2— containing cyclic group; and v represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pyrene-containing conductive polymer represented by formula 1 and an organic solar cell comprising the same as an organic photovoltaic material. The conductive polymer has improved hole mobility as a result of introducing a specific amount of pyrene either into a polymer, which consists only of a donor functional group comprising one or more aromatic monomers, or into a donor-acceptor type polymer comprising a repeating acceptor introduced into a donor functional group. Thus, the conductive polymer can be used as an organic photovoltaic material in organic photodiodes (OPDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), organic solar cells and the like. In addition, an organic solar cell showing high power conversion efficiency (PCE) can be provided using an organic photovoltaic material comprising the pyrene-containing conductive polymer as an electron donor.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer compound providing high charge mobility. The polymer compound of the present invention has a repeating unit represented by the formula (1): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are each an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, a heterocycle, or a fused ring of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and a heterocycle; and R1, R2, R3 and R4 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkoxy group, an arylalkylthio group, a substituted silyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted carboxyl group, a monovalent heterocyclic group, a cyano group or a fluorine atom.

Abstract: Disclosed are a benzobis(thiadiazole)-based alternating copolymer, a method for preparing the same, and an organic electronic device including the same. The present disclosure provides a benzobis(thiadiazole)-based alternating copolymer represented by the chemical formula 1: wherein R1, R2 or R3 is hydrogen or C1-C20 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, X is S, O, NR4, PR5, or HC?CH, wherein R4 or R5 is C1-C20 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, Y is C, Si or N (in this case only one of R2 and R3 exists), and m is an integer from 1 to 3.

Abstract: Materials for organic electronic devices including organic photovoltaic devices. An oligomer or polymer comprising: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently hydrogen or solubilizing groups. Monomers and ink compositions can be also prepared. The materials can be used in an OPV active layer and show excellent absorption properties with bathochromic shift.

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution under the action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A) containing a resin component (A1) including a structural unit (a0) represented by general formula (a0-1) shown below and a structural unit derived from an acrylate ester which may have the hydrogen atom bonded to the carbon atom on the ?-position substituted with a substituent and contains an acid decomposable group which exhibits increased polarity by the action of acid (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms).

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I): (formula (I)) where: X1 and X2 are the same or different and each is independently Cl, Br, I, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group; and, Y is O, S, Se, NR1, R1C—CR2 or R1C?CR2, wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are each independently H or an organic group, are useful as monomers to produce oligomers or polymers that are useful in organic electronic devices.

Abstract: A helical-polyacetylene whose main chain has a helical structure includes a carbon double bond constituting the main chain and a side chain composed of an aromatic five- or six-membered ring that binds to one carbon atom of the carbon double bond. In the atoms constituting the five- or six-membered ring, two atoms binding to the atom that directly binds to the carbon atom of the main chain bind only any of five or six atoms constituting the five- or six-membered ring, and in the atoms constituting the five- or six-membered ring, at least one atom located most distant from the atom that directly binds to the carbon atom of the main chain is carbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a macromolecular compound by which the short-circuit current density and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are enhanced when the macromolecular compound is used in an organic layer contained in a photovoltaic cell. Specifically, the present invention provides a macromolecular compound having a structural unit represented by Formula (1): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are the same as or different from each other and represent a trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a trivalent heterocyclic group; X1 and X2 are the same as or different from each other and represent —O—, —S—, —C(?O)—, —S(?O)—, —SO2—, —C(R50)(R51)—, —Si (R3)(R4)—, —N(R5)—, —B(R6)—, —P(R7)—, or —P(?O)(R8)—; wherein the macromolecular compound has a light absorbing terminal wavelength of 700 nm or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new hydrogel materials using water gellants that are comprised by hydrophilic polymers to which hydrogen bonding units are covalently attached. Optionally, the hydrogel contains additional ingredients or additives. These new reversible hydrogels can easily be fine-tuned in their mechanical performance and functionality and are especially suitable for cosmetic and biomedical applications.

Abstract: A positive resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits increased solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A) including a polymeric compound (A1) containing a structural unit (a0) represented by general formula (a0-1) (R2 represents a divalent linking group, and R3 represents a cyclic group containing —SO2— within the ring skeleton thereof) and a structural unit (a1) derived from an acrylate ester containing an acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group.

Abstract: A polymeric compound (A1) includes a structural unit (a0-1) represented by general formula (a0-1), a structural unit (a0-2) represented by general formula (a0-2), and a structural unit (a1-0-1) represented by general formula (a1-0-1), wherein relative to the combined total of all the structural units, the proportion of the structural unit (a0-1) is from 10 to 40 mol %, the proportion of the structural unit (a0-2) is from 5 to 20 mol %, and the proportion of the structural unit (a1-0-1) is from 10 to 55 mol %. [In the formulas, each of R1 and R independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2, A and B each represents a divalent linking group, R3 represents a cyclic group containing —SO2— within the ring skeleton thereof, and R4 and X1 each represents an acid-dissociable, dissolution-inhibiting group.

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of an acid, and an acid generator component (B), wherein the base component (A) includes a polymeric compound (A0) containing a structural unit (a0) represented by the general formula (a0-1) shown below: (wherein, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; R2 represents a bivalent linking group containing at least one kind of polar groups selected from the group consisting of —O—, —C(?O)—, —C(?O)—O—, a carbonate linkage (—O—C(?O)—O—), —S—, —S(?O)2—, —S(?O)2—O—, —NH—, —NR04— (wherein, R04 represents an alkyl group or an acyl group), and —NH—C(?O)—; and R3 represents a cyclic group containing a sulfonyl group within the ring skeleton).

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin comprising a structural unit represented by the formula (aa): wherein R1 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, T1 represents a C4-C34 sultone ring group optionally having one or more substituents, Z1 represents a C1-C6 alkanediyl group optionally having one or more substituents, or a group represented by the formula (a-1): -A10?X10-A11?sX11-A12-??(a-1) wherein X10 and X11 each independently represents —O—, —NH—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CO—NH— or —NH—CO—, A10, A11 and A12 each independently represent a C1-C5 divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group optionally having one or more substituents, and s represents 0 or 1, and Z2 represents a single bond or —CO—.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor compound including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1.

Abstract: An example embodiment relates to an organic semiconductor compound, represented by Chemical Formula 1 herein, which may be polymerized and used in transistors and electronic devices. The organic semiconductor compound includes a base structure of four fused benzene rings with functional groups R1 to R3 connected to a first benzene ring and with functional groups R4 to R6 connected to a second benzene ring. The base structure's third and fourth benzene rings are connected to X1, X2 and X3, X4 respectfully. At least one of X1 and X2 is a sulfur atom. At least one of X3 and X4 is a sulfur atom. The base structure further includes functional groups R7 and R8.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel phenanthro[1,10,9,8-c,d,e,f,g]carbazole polymers, methods and materials for their preparation, their use as semiconductors in organic electronic (OE) devices, and to OE devices comprising these polymers.

Abstract: A polymer obtained from copolymerization of a recurring unit having a carboxyl group and/or phenolic hydroxyl group substituted with an acid labile group with a methacrylate having a phenolic hydroxyl-bearing pyridine is useful as a base resin in a positive resist composition. The resist composition comprising the polymer is improved in contrast of alkali dissolution rate before and after exposure, acid diffusion control, resolution, and profile and edge roughness of a pattern after exposure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin comprising a structural unit represented by the formula (aa): wherein T1 represents a C4-C34 sultone ring group optionally having one or more substituents, X2 represents —O— or —N(Rc)—, Rc represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, when X2 is —O—, Z1 represents *—X1—, *—X3—CO—O—X1—, *—X3—CO—N(Rc)—X1—, *—X3—O—CO—X1— or *—X3—N(Rc)—CO—X1—, when X2 is —N(Rc)—, Z1 represents *—X1—, *—X1—O—X3—, *—X1—CO—, *—X1—X4—CO—X3—, *—X1—CO—X4—X3—, *—X1—X4—CO—X3—CO— or *—X1—CO—X4—X3—CO—, X1 and X3 independently each represent a C1-C6 divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, X4 represents —O— or —N(Rc)—, * represents a binding position to X2, and R1 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin comprising a structural unit represented by the formula (aa): wherein T1 represents a C4-C34 sultone ring group optionally having one or more substituents, X1 represents —O— or —N(Rc)—, Rc represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group, Z1 represents *-X2—, *-X2—X4—CO—X3—, or *-X2—CO—X4—X3—, X2 and X3 independently each represent a C1-C6 alkanediyl group, X4 represents —O— or —N(Rc)—, * represents a binding position to X1, and R1 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group optionally having one or more halogen atoms, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition containing hetero arylene or arylene showing a p-type semiconductor property in addition to thiophene showing a p-type semiconductor property and thiazole rings showing a n-type semiconductor property at a polymer main chain, an organic semiconductor polymer containing the composition, an organic active layer containing the organic semiconductor polymer, an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) containing the organic active layer, an electronic device containing the OTFT, and a method of preparing the same. The composition of example embodiments, which is used in an organic semiconductor polymer and contains thiazole rings, may exhibit increased solubility to an organic solvent, coplanarity, processability and an improved thin film property.

Abstract: Norbornene-based biocidal polymers having primary, secondary or tertiary amine or phosphine end groups, the parent monomers, processes for preparing the monomers and polymers, and their use.

Abstract: A donor-acceptor (DA) ?-conjugated polymer with high charge transfer mobility has a plurality of D1kAD1k portions, where k is 1 or 2, D1 is a donor unit having at least one solubilizing side chain, and A is an acceptor unit, and the donor-acceptor (DA) ?-conjugated polymer has a plurality of D2m spacer sequences situated between the D1xAD1x portions, where m is 1 to 6 and D2 is a second donor unit where all atoms of the unit are coplanar in at least one conformation that the unit can assume. The DA ?-conjugated polymer can reflect a blue tinted green, deep green, or yellow tinted green color. The DA ?-conjugated polymers have space-charge limited (SCL) zero field hole mobilities of at least 1×10?6 cm2V?1s?1.

Abstract: This invention relates to coloured polymer particles preferably with surface functionality for charge retention, a process for their preparation, the use of these particles for the preparation of an electrophoretic device, colour electrophoretic displays comprising such particle, and new water-soluble dyes.

Abstract: There is provided a positive resist composition including a resin component (A) which displays increased solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid, and an acid generator component (B) which generates an acid upon exposure, wherein the resin component (A) includes a polymer compound (A1) containing a structural unit (a0) represented by a general formula (a0-1) shown below, and a structural unit (a1) derived from an acrylate ester which has an acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group: (in the formula (a0-1), R represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a halogenated lower alkyl group; two of R? each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or an alkoxy group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; X represents an alkylene group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom.).

Abstract: A curable resin composition for a cemented lens capable of manufacturing a cemented lens excellent in heat resistance in reflowing treatment at a temperature of 260° C. or higher and adhesion between lenses, and capable of reducing manufacturing costs of lenses and capable of lightening lenses, is provided. The curable resin composition for a cemented lens includes: (a) a compound represented by the following formula (I); and (b) a radical polymerization initiator. wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and Z1 represents a cyclic structure together with two carbon atoms and a sulfur atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2,7-carbazole-containing polymer represented by formula 1 and an organic photovoltaic device comprising the conductive polymer as a photoelectric conversion material. The conductive polymer has high photon absorption efficiency and improved hole mobility and is prepared by introducing a specific amount of a carbazole compound either into a polymer, consisting only of a donor functional group containing one or more aromatic monomers, or into a donor-acceptor type polymer comprising a repeating acceptor group introduced into a donor functional group. The conductive polymer can be used as a photoelectric conversion material for organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) or organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Furthermore, the invention provides an organic photovoltaic device comprising the carbazole-containing conductive polymer as an electron donor, and thus can achieve high photoelectric conversion efficiency in organic thin film solar cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group which may have one or more halogen atoms, A1 represents a divalent connecting group, X1 represents a C2-C36 heterocyclic group and one or more —CH2— in the C2-C36 heterocyclic group can be replaced by —CO— or —O—, R2 is independently in each occurrence a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a C1-C24 hydrocarbon group, a C1-C12 alkoxy group, a C2-C4 acyl group or a C2-C4 acyloxy group, and m represents an integer of 0 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, A1 represents a single bond or *—(CH2)m—CO—O— in which m represents an integer of 1 to 4 and * represents a binding position to —O—, B1 represents —O— or —S—, B2 represents —CH2—, —O— or —S— and W1 represents an optionally substituted aromatic ring, a resin comprising a structural unit derived from the compound and a photoresist composition comprising the resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to coloured polymer particles preferably with surface functionality for charge retention, a process for their preparation, the use of these particles for the preparation of an electrophoretic device, colour electrophoretic displays comprising such particle, and new water-soluble dyes.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells with thiazole-containing polymers, as well as related components, systems, and methods, are disclosed.