Abstract: Processes for preparing high purity polycarbonates having high light transmission, low yellowness, and color stability are disclosed herein. High purity starting ingredients are used to form a polycarbonate powder. The polycarbonate powder can be subsequently melt extruded at an optimum shear rate to minimize yellowness and the need to add colorant to overcome the yellowness. The lower amount of colorant increases the light transmission of the resulting polycarbonate resin.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to relates to copolymer compositions comprising domains of polycarbonate and polyacrylate, and to methods of preparing the copolymers, wherein the method comprises reacting a polycarbonate macroinitator with a vinyl monomer by atom transfer radical polymerization. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: A retardation film insusceptible to color dropout or color shift even under environment of severe temperature or humidity conditions and capable of being produced by a melt film-forming method. The retardation film is obtained by molding at least one polymer selected from polycarbonate and polyester carbonate each having a glass transition temperature of 110 to 180° C. and satisfies the relationships of the following formulae (A) and (B): 0.7<R1(450)/R1(550)<1??Formula (A): |R2(450)/R2(550)?R1(450)/R1(550)|<0.020.

Abstract: The polycarbonate resin of the invention includes a first structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by a general formula (1), a second structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by a general formula (2), and a third structural unit derived from at least one dihydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of a dihydroxy compound represented by a general formula (3), a dihydroxy compound represented by a general formula (4), a dihydroxy compound represented by a general formula (5), and a dihydroxy compound represented by a general formula (6), and in which the first structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by the general formula (1) accounts for 18% by mole or more of the polycarbonate resin. The above general formulae (1) to (6) are described in the specification of the present application.

Abstract: The polycarbonate resin of the present invention comprises a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by a specific formula (1), a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by a specific formula (2), and a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by any one of specific formulae (3) to (6), wherein the content of structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds represented by the specific formulae (3) to (6) is within a specific range based on the total of structural units derived from dihydroxy compounds in the polycarbonate resin.

Abstract: The present invention seeks to provide a resin composition which contains an aromatic polycarbonate resin and a polyester resin and which has excellent mechanical strength, flowability and thermal stability and also has excellent moist heat resistance together. The present invention is a resin composition containing 50 to 99 parts by weight of an aromatic polycarbonate resin (component A) and 1 to 50 parts by weight of a polyester resin (component B), the component B being a polyester resin polymerized in the presence of a titanium-phosphorus catalyst obtained by reacting titanium tetrabutoxide, etc., with monolauryl phosphate, etc.

Abstract: A catalyst, co-catalyst, and/or chain transfer agent is added at a time after initiation of an addition polymerization reaction to produce a polymer product with a widened molecular weight distribution relative to having all of the components in the original reaction mixture. The catalyst, co-catalyst, or chain transfer agent may be added discretely or continuously to the reaction to produce a product with a bimodal, trimodal, or other broadened molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a polycarbonate, containing melt-polycondensing a diol component containing a compound represented by the following formula (1) with a fluorine-containing carbonate: here, R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen atom, C1-10 alkyl group, C6-10 cycloalkyl group, or C6-10 aryl group, and two of R1's and two of R2's may mutually be the same or different; X is C1-6 alkylene group, C6-10 cycloalkylene group, or C6-10 arylene group, and a plurality of X's may be the same or different; and m and n are each independently an integer of from 1 to 5.

Abstract: A combined process for the preparation of polycarbonate from bisphenols and diaryl carbonates, the monophenol liberated being reacted again for the preparation of the diaryl carbonate and the alkali metal halide forming in the preparation of the diaryl carbonate being converted by electrochemical oxidation, optionally over a gas diffusion electrode, into chlorine and alkali hydroxide solution, the chlorine being recycled into the preparation of the phosgene and the alkali hydroxide solution being recycled into the preparation of the diaryl carbonate.

Abstract: A process is described for producing polycarbonate and utilizing at least some of the process waste water by concentrating the sodium chloride-containing waste water phases for the electrolysis using osmotic membrane distillation, if appropriate with simultaneous dilution of the sodium hydroxide solution obtained from the electrolysis for the polycarbonate production process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combined process for the preparation of polycarbonate by the phase boundary process and downstream electrolysis of sodium chloride-containing process wastewater.

Abstract: A catalyst, co-catalyst, and/or chain transfer agent is added at a time after initiation of an addition polymerization reaction to produce a polymer product with a widened molecular weight distribution relative to having all of the components in the original reaction mixture. The catalyst, co-catalyst, or chain transfer agent may be added discretely or continuously to the reaction to produce a product with a bimodal, trimodal, or other broadened molecular weight distribution.

Abstract: A process is described for producing polycarbonate and utilizing at least some of the process waste water by concentrating the sodium chloride-containing waste water phases for the electrolysis using osmotic membrane distillation, if appropriate with simultaneous dilution of the sodium hydroxide solution obtained from the electrolysis for the polycarbonate production process.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin which shows a high content of biogenic matter and has excellent heat resistance, heat stability and moldability, and a manufacturing process thereof. The polycarbonate resin contains a recurring unit represent by the following formula (1) as the major constituent, and has (i) a specific viscosity of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.7 g of the resin in 100 ml of methylene chloride at 20° C. of 0.20 to 0.45, (ii) a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 150 to 200° C., and (iii) a 5% weight loss temperature (Td) of 330 to 400° C.

Abstract: A process for producing a polycarbonate resin which comprises performing melt polycondensation of pentacyclopentadecanedimethanol or pentacyclopentadecanedimethanol and diol with carbonic acid diester in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of zinc compounds, tin compounds, lead compounds, zirconium compounds and hafnium compounds.

Abstract: This specification discloses polycarbonates for optical use. These polycarbonates are prepared by reacting a bisphenol and carbonic diester in the presence of an alkaline compound catalyst. These polycarbonates have: (i) an intrinsic viscosity (IV) as determined at 20° C. in methylene chloride of between 0.34 and 0.38; (ii) a glass transition temperature (Tg) as determined by DSC of between 143 and 147° C.; and (iii) an intrinsic viscosity (IV) and glass transition temperature (Tg) ratio complying with the following general formula (A): IV×95.888+107.9<Tg<IV×95.888+113.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a transparent or translucent thermoplastic composition comprising a thermoplastic polycarbonate resin and a phosphorescent phosphor with an aluminate matrix expressed by MAl2O4 in which M is calcium, strontium or barium. Said phosphorescent phosphor is present in a quantity of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight with respect to the quantity of polycarbonate resin and possesses a median particle size of less than 10 micrometer. Forming an object by injection molding using said transparent or translucent thermoplastic composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of making telechelic oligomers comprises reacting a substrate compound selected from the group consisting of relatively high molecular weight polymers with a chain transfer agent in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst. The telechelic oligomers thus produced may then be reacted with monomers according to known polymerization techniques in order to produce block copolymers.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing bisphenol and carbonic acid diester uses as catalyst an alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound (a). The catalyst is added to the bisphenol prior to the melt polycondensation, in an effective amount, i.e., the amount of alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound (a) that acts effectively as a catalyst, is contained in said bisphenol, and is controlled to have the same catalytic activity as 1×10−8 to 1×10−6 mole of bisphenol disodium salt per mole of pure bisphenol A. The method conducts the reaction efficiently from the initial stage in a stable manner to obtain polycarbonate with good color, good heat stability and color stability during molding and the like.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing protective colloid-stabilized vinyl aromatic-1.3-diene-copolymers in the form of their aqueous polymer dispersions or in the form of a powder which can be re-dispersed in water, by emulsion-polymerizing a mixture containing at least one vinyl aromatic and at least one 1,3-diene in the presence of a protective colloid and optionally, drying the resulting polymer dispersions. In the method part of the protective colloid is provided straightaway and part is metered.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising polycarbonate wherein the polycarbonate has a very low Fries content (e.g., above 5 ppm and below 360 ppm). The present invention also provides a polycarbonate having a very low Fries content which is made by the melt process. This polycarbonate has high ductility and high impact strength. The invention also provides a method for making these compositions. Another aspect of the invention is an optical disk comprising polycarbonate having a very low Fries content which is made by the melt process. Such optical disks resist breakage due to bending.

Abstract: A fire suppressing gas generator composition which has a low burn temperature which provides an adjustable mass flow rate, which provides high inert gas yields upon combustion, which generates flame suppressing gasses during composition, which provides exhaust gas with low particulate content, and which is suitable for use in pellet form. The gas generator composition of the invention generally comprises a high nitrogen content solid, preferably 5-amino tetrazole, and potassium perchlorate or other oxidizer salt in an amount sufficient to allow flameless deflagration of the high nitrogen contant solid. The composition of the invention also preferably comprises a flame inhibitor precursor such as perbrominated aromatic compound, an elastomeric binder, a powder pressing modifier or enhancer such as mica, and an electrostatic charge suppressant such as graphite.

Abstract: Purpose To enable the reduction of the quantities of wastes and the performance of long term continuous operation in polycarbonate production. Means for solution As a method for removing the reaction byproducts in the production of a polycarbonate resin by sucking and reducing the pressure, ejectors which use the vapor of a substance comprising the condensed liquid of the reaction byproducts as the driving source are used, and the wall temperatures of piping between a polymerization reactor and the ejectors are held at a temperature equal to the boiling point of said reaction byproducts at reduced pressure or higher.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing bisphenol and carbonic acid diester uses as catalyst an alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound (a). The catalyst is added to the bisphenol prior to the melt polycondensation, in an effective amount, i.e., the amount of alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound (a) that acts effectively as a catalyst, is contained in said bisphenol, and is controlled to have the same catalytic activity as 1×10−8 to 1×10−6 mole of bisphenol disodium salt per mole of pure bisphenol A. The method conducts the reaction efficiently from the initial stage in a stable manner to obtain polycarbonate with good color, good heat stability and color stability during molding and the like.

Abstract: A polymerized material produced by the polymerization of an organic amide monomer in the presence of an organic carbonate and a process for the preparation thereof. The process comprises the steps of: heating an amount of the organic anide monomer to a temperature above its melting point; first mixing an amount of an anionic initiator with at least a portion of the amount of heated organic amide mnonomer to produce an amount of activated monomer, wherein the anionic initiator is not comprised of an alkali metal; second mixing an amount of the organic carbonate with at least a portion of the amount of heated organic amide monomer to produce an amount of dissolved organic carbonate; and polymerizing the amounts of heated organic amide monomer and activated monomer in the presence of the amount of dissolved organic carbonate to produce the polymerized material.

Abstract: A method for producing an aromatic polycarbonate which comprises subjecting to a transesterification polymerization reaction at least one polymerizable material selected from a molten monomer mixture of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate, and a molten prepolymer obtained from the monomer mixture, wherein the transesterification reaction is performed in one or more polymerizers which is or are connected through a pipeline system toward an outlet for a final aromatic polycarbonate product, wherein the pipeline system comprises one or more pipes through which a molten aromatic polycarbonate having a number average molecular weight increased by the transesterification polymerization reaction is passed while contacting an inner wall of the pipe or pipes, and wherein a molten aromatic polycarbonate having a number average molecular weight of less than 2,500 is passed through the pipe or pipes at a velocity of 0.05 m/sec.

Abstract: A copolycarbonate and a copolycarbonate composition having oustanding hardness and a method for their manufacture.A copolycarbonate containing the component units shown in Formula ?I!below in the amount of 50-99 mole %: ##STR1## X is ##STR2## R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms or monovalent hydrocarbon groups, and R3 is a bivalent hydrocarbon group.) The Rockwell hardness (M scale) of this polycarbonate should preferably be 45-90.

Abstract: A polycarbonate composition comprises (a) a substantially chlorine-atom free, aromatic dihydroxy compound/carbonic diester transesterification polycarbonate, and the following components (b), (c) and (d) in specifically, extremely limited amounts, wherein component (b) is at least one metal selected from an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal, component (c) is an aromatic monohydroxy compound, and component (d) is at least one member selected from an oligomer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 or less and a residual monomer. This polycarbonate composition is substantially free from occurrence of crazing, even when it experiences moist heat, and especially even when it has been recycled.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-step melt process for the production of thermoplastic, solvent-free, low-branching polycarbonates with low --OH terminal group content using a self-cleaning high-viscosity reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transesterification process for producing thermoplastic polycarbonates with the use of fixed bed catalysts.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing polycarbonate in which an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester can be effectively subjected to melt polycondensation using a small amount of a catalyst, making it possible to manufacture polycarbonate having outstanding color matching, outstanding thermal stability, color-matching stability, etc., during molding, and outstanding water resistance is characterized in that when an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester are subjected to melt polycondensation in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst is dissolved or dispersed as a catalyst solution, this catalyst solution is added to the melt polycondensation reaction system, and the aromatic dihydroxy compound and carbonic acid diester are subjected to melt polycondensation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of UV-stable polycarbonates, to the polycarbonates obtainable in accordance with the invention and to their use for the production of sheets, more particularly plastic panels.

Abstract: A process for the production of a terminal-blocked aromatic polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and diphenylcarbonate, the process comprising adding a specific carbonate or carboxylic ester after a polycarbonate formed has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.3 dl/g, to form a terminal-blocked polycarbonate having an intrinsic viscosity which is greater than, or smaller than, the intrinsic viscosity of the polycarbonate formed before the addition by 0.1 dl/g at the most; and a process for the production of a polycarbonate having an increased intrinsic viscosity by melt-polycondensing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and diphenylcarbonate, the process comprising adding a specific diaryl carbonate or dicarboxylic diaryl ester after a polycarbonate formed has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.3 dl/g, to form a polycarbonate having an intrinsic viscosity greater than the intrinsic viscosity of the polycarbonate formed before the addition by more than 0.1 dl/g.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two-stage melt process for the manufacture of thermoplastic, solvent-free, low-branched polycarbonates with low OH end-group contents with the use of ammonium or phophonium catalysts in the first stage and alkali and alkaline earth catalysts in the second stage.

Abstract: The block copolymer of polyesters and polycarbonates comprises at least one of each of the constituting units of (I) and (II) having the general formulae: ##STR1## where the sign * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom; R.sub.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; m and n are respective a natural numbers ranging from 300 to 5000: The block copolymer is obtained by successive ring-opening and copolymerization of optically active .beta.-butyrolactones and cyclic carbonates in the presence of a catalyst.The block polymer obtained has high molecular weight and high melting temperature, and can thus be used as a high strength material for practical use and which has bio-degradable and hydrolyzable nature.

Abstract: A composition comprising a phosphorus containing acid and an ester of a phosphorus containing acid useful for imparting improved physical and chemical properties to polymers containing polyesters, copolyester carbonates, polycarbonates, and mixtures thereof, a method of treating said polymers with said composition, and articles of manufacture comprising said polymers and said composition.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing polycarbonate in which polycarbonate having outstanding color matching, outstanding thermal properties, particularly retention stability during molding, and outstanding water resistance can be effectively and easily manufactured.In the method for manufacturing polycarbonate of the present invention, an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid ester are subjected to melt condensation polymerization in the presence of a catalyst composed of(a) an aliphatic amine with 24-60 carbon atoms, and (b) an alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound.The (a) aliphatic amine having 24-60 carbon atoms should preferably be an aliphatic tertiary amine and be used in the amount of 1.times.6.sup.-6 -1.times.10.sup.-1 moles for each mole of the aromatic dihydroxy compound, and the (b) alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound should be used in an extremely minute specified amount.

Abstract: Unsaturated linear polymers have repeating units of a reaction product of a first monomer, a second monomer, a third monomer and optionally a fourth monomer. The linear polymers have a glass transition temperature ranging from about 52.degree. C. to about 61.degree. C. The first monomer should have a weight average molecular weight less than 200. The second monomer may be a dicarboxylic acid or diester which is different than the third monomer. A concentration of second residues of the polymer, derived from the second monomer, ranges from about 3 wt. % to about 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the polymer. The third monomer is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof. In the polymer, a concentration of third residues, derived from the third monomer, ranges from about 40 wt. % to about 55 wt. %, based on the total weight of the polymer. The fourth monomer is a diol having a higher molecular weight than the first monomer.

Abstract: A polycarbonate is produced by transesterification from a dihydroxy compound such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane and a diester of carbonic acid such as bisphenyl carbonate in a reactor made of stainless steel and treated by electropolishing or acid pickling or buffed on a surface part thereof which contacts the reactants. As the transesterification catalyst, (a) a nitrogen-containing, electron-donating compound and (b) a nitrogen-containing, electron-donating compound and an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound are preferably used.

Abstract: A process for producing an aromatic polycarbonate having a weight average molecular weight of from 7,000 to 60,000 is disclosed, comprising melt polycondensing an aromatic diol compound (e.g., bisphenol A) and a diaryl carbonate compound (e.g., diphenyl carbonate) in the presence of a combination of (a) an alkali metal compound and (b) a phosphonium hydroxide compound (e.g., tetraethylphosphonium hydroxide) as an interesterification catalyst. The aromatic polycarbonate has improved heat resistance and hue.

Abstract: Aromatic polycarbonates manufactured by polycondensation of a dihydric compound and a carbonic acid diester using at least two reactors in series have improved color and low impurities content when filtered before the final reactor and again before the final reactor outlet.

Abstract: A process for the production of an aromatic polycarbonate, which comprises polycondensing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate in the presence, as a polycondensation catalyst, of at least one alkali metal salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of ate-complexes of a metal element, which is silicon, germanium, stannum or plumbum, and alkali metal salts of oxoacids of said metal elements. The above aromatic polycarbonate is almost free from being colored, is also almost free from a decrease in polymerization degree when molded, and is further almost free from forming branches and insolubles.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing copolymerized polycarbonates having improved flow and formability, in addition to excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, transparency, and color tone.A method of producing copolymerized polycarbonates by melt polycondensation of two or more aromatic dihydroxy compounds with a carbonate diester, characterized in that(i) resorcin and/or substituted resorcins are used as 2-90 mole % of the aromatic dihydroxy compounds, where the sum of all the aromatic dihydroxy compounds is taken as 100 mole %, and(ii) an alkali metal compound and/or an alkaline-earth metal compound (a) is used as the catalyst.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.A process for producing a linear, high-molecular weight (co)polycarbonate being excellent in heat resistance, hydrolysis resistance, hue and impact resistance which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of specific borates.

Abstract: A polycarbonate is produced by transesterification from a dihydroxy compound such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane and a diester of carbonic acid such as bisphenyl carbonate in the presence of a substance which contains iron in an amount of 50% by weight or less and contacts the reactants. Alternatively, a polycarbonate is produced by transesterification from a dihydroxy compound and a diester of carbonic acid in a reactor made of stainless steel and treated by electropolishing or acid pickling or buffed on a surface part thereof which contacts the reactants. As the transesterification catalyst, (a) a nitrogen-containing, electron-donating compound and (b) a nitrogen-containing, electron-donating compound and an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound are preferably used.

Abstract: Bisphenols are prepared from cyclic monoterpene precursors and high glass transition temperature polymers are prepared from bisphenols. More particularly, substantially pure 4-[1-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4 -methylcyclohexyl]-1-methylethyl] phenol and 4,4'-[1-methyl -4-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexandiyl] bisphenol are isolated and high glass transition temperature bisphenol polycarbonates are prepared.

Abstract: A flame-retardant aromatic polycarbonate resin composition has excellent flame retardancy and high transparency without impairing excellent properties inherent to an aromatic polycarbonate resin, and is free from corroding a molding machine or a processing machine, the flame-retardant resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an aromatic polycarbonate resin, 0.01 to 1 part by weight of (a) a perfluoroalkane-sulfonic acid alkali salt and 0.02 to 2 parts by weight of (b) a halogenated triaryl phosphate of the formula [1], ##STR1## wherein each of Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 is independently an aromatic hydrocarbon, and at least one halogen atom is substituted on ring-forming carbon of each aromatic hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: The present invention is an oligomer represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a moiety selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## where each Y is independently S, O, CH.sub.2, C.dbd.O, CH.sub.3 --C--CH.sub.3, O.dbd.S.dbd.O, or CF.sub.3 --C--CF.sub.3.In another aspect, the present invention is a polymer of the above-described oligomer.