Abstract: The invention relates to completely aromatic polyesters in which at least one end of the molecular chains is composed of the radicals ##STR1## The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of polyesters of this type and to the shaped articles produced therefrom.The polyesters according to the invention are also open to subsequent solid-phase condensation.

Abstract: The production of oxybenzoyl polyesters is facilitated by the incorporation of a phosphite, particularly an organic phosphite, during the production enabling the production of molded articles from these polyesters of improved appearance and excellent properties.

Abstract: A catalytic process for the production of high molecular weight nylon-type polyamides from omega-aminonitriles has been discovered. The process comprises contacting an omega-aminonitrile, water and a catalytic amount of an oxygenated sulfur compound catalyst. In one embodiment, sulfuric acid is utilized to polymerize 6-aminocapronitrile to nylon-6, at an elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: Copolymers of an (ethylenedioxy)bis benzoate, an alkylene diol and a (2-alkenyl or alkyl) succinic anhydride, as well as surgical devices formed therefrom; especially, flexible monofilament surgical sutures having unique handling and knot-tying characteristics.

Abstract: Sulfone-ester polymers containing pendent ethynyl groups and a direct and multi-step process for preparing same are disclosed. The multi-step process involves the conversion of a pendent bromo group to the ethynyl group while the direct route involves reacting hydroxy-terminated sulfone oligomer or polymers with a stoichiometric amount of 5-(4-ethynylphenoxy)isophthaloyl chloride. The 5-(4-ethynylphenoxy)isophthaloyl chloride and process for preparing same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A diether-linked bisorthodinitrile monomer having the formula: ##STR1## is mixed with an amine curing agent and heated to a temperature sufficient o induce polymerization. The resulting polymer has a range of conductivity which is a function of the cure time and temperature.

Abstract: A novel, substantially linear aromatic polyester comprising 6,6'-(ethylenedioxy)di-2-naphthoic acid as a main acid component and an aliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the main chain of the glycol as a main glycol component. The aromatic polyester is prepared by condensing an ethylene glycol diester of 6,6'-(ethylenedioxy)di-2-naphthoic acid, or a mixture of a major proportion of said naphthoate with a dicarboxylic acid, a diol, a hydroxycarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof, at an elevated temperature. The aromatic polyester has excellent mechanical properties such as strength and Young's modulus.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyester resins useful for forming containers having improved resistance to gas permeability. The containers are formed from a polyester resin which comprises the reaction product of a diol containing up to about 8 carbon atoms and a diacid component which comprises about 5 to 95 mole percent of a first diacid selected from [thiobis(p-phenyleneoxy)]diacetic acid, [sulfonylbis(p-phenyleneoxy)]diacetic acid, and mixtures thereof, and about 5 to about 95 mole percent of naphthalene dicarboxylic acid. The polyester resin has an inherent viscosity of about 0.5 to 1.5. The containers which are provided by the present invention may be in the form of sheet, film, molded articles, such as bottles, and other such structures.

Abstract: An improved polymerization process is provided for the formation of a polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and which optionally may include amide linkages. An approximately 0.25 to 4 percent molar excess of aromatic hydroxyl monomer and/or aromatic amine monomer and/or an esterified and/or amidated derivative thereof is provided in the polymerization zone during the polymerization reaction. Such monomer imparts dioxyaryl, diaminoaryl, or oxyaminoaryl units to the interior of the resulting polymer chains and causes the polymer chains to terminate in hydroxyl end groups and/or an esterified derivative thereof and/or amino end groups and/or an amidated derivative thereof wherein the polymer chains achieve a predetermined average chain length through the depletion of other monomers present in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: An improved polymerization process is provided for the formation of a polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and which optionally may include amide linkages. An approximately 0.25 to 4 percent molar excess of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid monomer containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms (e.g. azelaic acid) and/or an esterified derivative thereof is provided in the polymerization zone during the polymerization reaction. Such monomer imparts dicarboxyaliphatic units to the interior of the resulting polymer chains and causes the polymer chains to terminate in carboxylic acid end groups and/or an esterified derivative thereof wherein the polymer chains achieve a predetermined average chain length through the depletion of other monomers present in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of the photosensitive polyamic acid derivatives which are polyimide precursors, comprising the sequential steps:(1) Partially derivatizing an aromatic dianhydride with a reactive monomer containing a photosensitive moiety;(2) Condensation polymerizing the partially derivatized aromatic dianhydride with aromatic diamine to form polyamic acid;(3) Isoimidization of the polyamic acid;(4) Condensation of the polyisoimide to polyamic acid derivative by reaction with additional reactive monomer; and(5) Separation of the polyamic acid derivative.

Abstract: This invention provides a two stage melt polymerization process for the production of an improved type of high molecular weight polybenzimidazole, which involves the use of an arylhalophosphine or arylhalophosphite polymerization catalyst.The process provides poly-2,2'-(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole of improved color and Plugging Value, and is further characterized by an inherent viscosity of at least about 1.0 dl/g, and a weight average molecular weight of at least about 100,000.

Abstract: This invention provides a two stage melt polymerization process for the production of an improved type of high molecular weight polybenzimidazole, which involves the use of an arylhalophosphine or arylhalophosphite polymerization catalyst.The process provides poly-2,2'-(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole of improved color and Plugging Value, and is further characterized by an inherent viscosity of at least about 1.0 dl/g, and weight average molecular weight of at least about 100,000.

Abstract: Absorbable, radiation sterilizable polymers, useful as sutures and other medical and surgical devices, are produced from polyesters of substituted benzoic acid, dihydric alcohols, and glycolide and/or lactide.

Abstract: Optical devices including a molecularly oriented highly birefringent polymer are disclosed. The devices include molecularly oriented polymers comprising recurring units which exhibit a distribution of high electron density about the long axes of the polymer and the recurring units thereof. Transparent birefringent polymers comprising a plurality of recurring units having a substantially cylindrical distribution of electron density about the long axis of such units and the chain-extended polymers are included in optical devices and articles. The polymers exhibit high birefringence and simulate in a polymer the optical properties of a uniaxial crystal.

Abstract: Color improved polyarylates having a reduced viscosity of from about 0.1 to greater than 1.0 dl/gm produced by a process comprising the following steps:(a) reacting an acid anhydride derived from an acid containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms with at least one dihydric phenol to form the corresponding diester; and(b) reacting said diester with at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to form the polyarylate, wherein the improvement comprises carrying out said process in the presence of a particular solid adsorbent.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyesters prepared from hetero-atom-containing dicarboxylic acids and hetero-atom-containing diols. These polyesters have low permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide and are useful in packaging applications such as for food and beverages.

Abstract: Copolymers of an (ethylenedioxy)bis benzoate, an alkylene diol and a (2-alkenyl or alkyl) succinic anhydride, as well as surgical devices formed therefrom; especially, flexible monofilament surgical sutures having unique handling and knot-tying characteristics.

Abstract: Absorbable, radiation sterilizable polymers, useful as sutures and other medical and surgical devices, are produced from polyesters of substituted benzoic acid, dihydric alcohols, and glycolide and/or lactide.

Abstract: This invention provides a two stage melt polymerization process for the production of an improved type of high molecular weight polybenzimidazole, which involves the use of an arylphosphinic acid or arylphosphonic acid polymerization catalyst.The process provides poly-2,2'-(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole of improved color and plugging value, and is further characterized by an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.7 dl/g, and a weight average molecular weight of at least about 100,000.

Abstract: Aromatic ethers or polyethers are produced by reacting aromatic fluorine compounds, in which one or more fluorine substituents are attached to an aromatic nucleus, with trialkyl silyl derivatives of phenols, in which one or more trialkyl silyl groups are attached to the residue of a mono- or polyphenol, or by reacting trialkyl silyl derivatives of fluorophenols with elimination of trialkylfluorosilane.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions comprise(a) a compound containing(i) at least one acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy group,(ii) at least one allyl, methallyl, or 1-propenyl group attached, either directly, or through an oxygen atom or an oxycarbonyl group, to a carbon atom which forms part of an aromatic or cycloaliphatic nucleus,(b) a compound containing in the molecule both(iii) at least one acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy group and(iv) at least one --COOH group, and(c) a compound containing at least two mercaptan groups directly attached to aliphatic carbon atoms.Examples of (a) are 2,2-bis(3-allyl-4-(3-(methacryloyloxy)-2-(2-carboxyethylcarbonyloxy)propox y)phenyl)propane, 1-(allyloxycarbonyl)-2,4-bis(3-(methacryloyloxy)-2-(2-carboxyethylcarbonyl oxy)propoxycarbonyl)benzene, and diallyl bis(3-methacryloyloxy)-2-(2-carboxyethylcarbonyloxy)propyl) esters of benzophenone-3,4,3',4'-tetracarboxylic acid. Examples of (b) are acrylic acid and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl 5-carboxycyclohex-1-ene-4-carboxylate.

Abstract: A class of polyamides comprising recurring units having certain substituted-biphenylene or substituted-stilbene radicals is disclosed. The substituted radicals include substituents so as to confer a non-coplanar molecular configuration and a substantially cylindrical distribution of electron density about the long axis of the recurring units and the chain-extended polymers including such radicals.Molecularly oriented polymers of the invention exhibit optically uniaxial properties. The highly berefringent polymers are suited to applicaiton in optical filter and other devices where a refractive and birefringent material is desired.

Abstract: This invention relates to random elastomeric copolyesters containing units of low molecular weight glycol, poly(alkylene oxide)glycol, dimer acid and 1,2 bis(4-carbomethoxy phenoxy)ethane.

Abstract: Alkali metal polyester silicate resinous products are produced by mixing a polyhydroxy organic compound, an alkali metal silicate and a polycarboxylic acid, then heating the mixture to a temperature between the melting point of the polycarboxylic acid and the boiling temperature of the polyol while agitating until the reaction is complete.

Abstract: Polyesters having recurring units derived from diols and diacids and recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid is disclosed. Electrographic developer compositions comprising toner particles containing the polyesters are also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a polyarylate having a reduced viscosity of from about 0.1 to greater than 1.0 dl/gm comprising the following steps:(a) reacting an acid anhydride derived from an acid containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms with at least one dihydric phenol to form the corresponding diester; and(b) reacting said diester with at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to form the polyarylate, wherein the improvement comprises carrying out said process in the presence of a particular solid adsorbent.

Abstract: A class of polyesters comprising recurring units having certain bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenylene radicals is disclosed. The polyesters exhibit favorable solubility properties in certain organic solvents so as to facilitate the production of the polyesters via polycondensation methods to film- and fiber-forming molecular weights. Monomeric compounds comprising a bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenylene radical and useful for the production of the polyesters are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel wholly aromatic polyester is provided which contains specified concentrations of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl and 4-oxy-4'-carboxybiphenyl moieties and which may optionally possess ring substitution (as described) upon such moieties. It has been found that the wholly aromatic polyester of the present invention is capable of exhibiting an anisotropic melt phase which is readily melt processable to form quality fibers, films, molded articles, etc. The color characteristics of the new polymer are excellent (i.e. the polymer is of a white or pale coloration). Additionally, since the new wholly aromatic polyester tends to incorporate a lesser number of ester units per unit weight it is expected to exhibit enhanced stability at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Shaped articles composed of polymers formed from residues which are not melt processable characterized in that the shaped article has been formed from a readily processable melt of a copolymer containing said residues together with in-chain temperature labile residues and has been subsequently heated to remove the labile constituents with recombination of the resultant polymeric residues. Preferably the processable melt should be in the form of an anisotropic melt so that the shaped article may be in oriented form prior to removal of the residues. Typically the shaped articles are articles of thin section composed of p-hydroxybenzoic acid residues.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing aromatic copolyesters of hydroxy naphthoic acid and hydroxy benzoic acid via an in situ esterification technique whereby there is no isolation of the esterified monomers. The process comprises reacting the aromatic hydroxy acid monomers with an agent such as acetic anhydride in order to esterify the hydroxy moieties and subsequently polymerizing the esterified hydroxy monomers without isolation thereof, all in the presence of from about 5 to 50 ppm iron. Advantageously, the process allows one to obtain a wholly aromatic polyester of high inherent viscosity and good melt stability while avoiding the time consuming step of having to isolate the esterified hydroxy monomers prior to polymerization.

Abstract: Novel polyimides and polyimides-amides, and molding compositions are prepared from novel dianhydrides such as tricyclo[6.4.0.0.sup.2,7 ] dodecane-3,6-diphenyl-1,8,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and tricyclo [6.4.0.0.sup.2,7 ] dodecane-1,8,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, dicarboxylic acids and diamines. The novel polyimides and polyimides-amides are useful as engineering plastics.

Abstract: Polyesters having recurring units derived from diols and diacids and recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid is disclosed. Electrographic developer compositions comprising toner particles containing the polyesters are also disclosed.

Abstract: A melt-processable aromatic polyester anhydride characterized in that from 5 to 80% of the units linking the reactant residues in the polymer chain have the formula: ##STR1## the remaining linkages between the residues of the reactants being of the formula: ##STR2## optionally together with linkages of the formula: ##STR3## substantially all of said remaining linkages being disposed in coaxial or parallel and oppositely directed manner with respect to the residues to which they are linked, the polyester anhydride having a solubility of less than 5% by weight in dimethyl sulphoxide at room temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to copolyimides-polyamides prepared from mixtures of tetramethylcyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (TMCDA), aromatic or aliphatic dianhydrides, and dicarboxylic acids or their esters or acid chlorides. These dianhydride-dicarboxylic acid mixtures are then reacted with aliphatic or aromatic diamines. These novel copolyimides-polyamides are useful in the preparation of molded articles, fibers, films, laminates and coatings.

Abstract: There is disclosed an aromatic, melt-processible, fiber-forming (co)polyester of a specified formula having recurring hydroxy-acid units bonded to a specified tie-point moiety, 2-4 different recurring hydroxy-acid units being present and one being present in from about 20-80 mole percent while the other different recurring unit(s) are present in a total of from about 80-20 mole percent. There are also disclosed fibers and other shaped articles made therefrom. Some of the disclosed (co)polyesters are mesogenic.

Abstract: Novel polyimide-amide polymers and copolymers and molding compositions are prepared from tetramethylcyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, dicarboxylic acids and mixtures of diamines. Also glass and graphite filled polymers are prepared. The polyimide-polyamide polymers and copolymers are useful as engineering plastics.

Abstract: Phthalonitrile resins are obtained from polymerizing a phthalonitrile monr with a phenolic compound.

Abstract: Oligomeric polyarylether sulfone phthalonitrile monomer represented by the ormula. ##STR1## wherein A represents an aromatic unit having from 1 to 3 attached or fused aromatic rings, said rings being attached directly or through an aliphatic group, sulfur, or oxygen; and n represents an average value from 1 to 100 prepared by reacting the product of an dialkaline metal bisphenate and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone with 4-nitrophthalonitrile.

Abstract: Phthalonitrile resins useful as high-temperature coatings and plastics and n high-temperature composites are obtained by heating a diphthalonitrile monomer with a primary amine from a temperature from about the melting point of the monomer to about the decomposition temperature of the resin. The resins can also be prepared by dissolving a diphthalonitrile monomer in a solvent, e.g. acetonitrile, adding a primary amine to form a suspension, heating the suspension to the B-stage, quenching the suspension, removing the solvent, and heating the residue at a temperature from about its melting point to about the decomposition temperature of the resin.

Abstract: Production of an aromatic polyketone by reacting in the presence of a fluoroalkane sulphonic acid the reactants selected from: (a) a mixture of (i) at least one aromatic diacyl halide WOC--Ar--COW where --Ar'-- is a divalent aromatic radical, W is halogen and COW is an aromatically bound acyl halide group, which diacyl halide is polymerizable with the at least one aromatic compound of (ii), and (ii) at least one aromatic compound H--Ar'--H where --Ar'-- is a divalent aromatic radical and H is an aromatically bound hydrogen atom, which compound is polymerizable with the at least one diacyl halide of (i); (b) at least one aromatic monoacyl halide H--Ar"--COW where --Ar"-- is a divalent aromatic radical and H, W, and COW are as defined in (a), which monoacyl halide is self-polymerizable; and (c) a combination of (a) and (b).

Abstract: Production of an aromatic polyketone by reacting in the presence of a quinquevalent phosphorous halide (preferably PCl.sub.5) and a fluoroalkane sulphonic acid (preferably CF.sub.3 SO.sub.2 OH) the reactants selected from: (a) a mixture of (i) at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid HO.sub.2 C--Ar--CO.sub.2 H where --Ar'-- is a divalent aromatic radical and CO.sub.2 H is an aromatically bound carboxylic acid group, which dicarboxylic acid is polymerizable with the at least one aromatic compound of (ii), and (ii) at least one aromatic compound H--Ar'--H where --Ar'-- is a divalent aromatic radical and H is an aromatically bound hydrogen atom, which compound is polymerizable with the at least one dicarboxylic acid of (i); (b) at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid H--Ar"--CO.sub.2 H where --Ar"-- is a divalent aromatic radical and H and CO.sub.2 H are as defined in (a), which monocarboxylic acid is self-polymerizable; and (c) a combination of (a) and (b).

Abstract: An improved high performance thermally stable polymer is provided. Such polymer is composed primarily of recurring 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moieties and is preferably a homopolymer of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moieties, i.e. poly(6-oxy-2-naphthoate). It is particularly suited for use in the formation of plasma spray coatings and compression or impact molded articles, and has been found to offer a thermal stability which is superior to that of poly(4-oxybenzoate). Small amounts (as described) of other ester-forming moieties and/or amide-forming moieties optionally may also be present.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing aromatic copolyesters involving in situ esterification with an isopropenyl ester of an alkyl acid, e.g., isopropenyl acetate. The process comprises reacting the aromatic hydroxy monomers with an isopropenyl ester of an alkyl acid such as isopropenyl acetate in a polymerization vessel in order to esterify the hydroxy moieties, and then polymerizing the esterified hydroxy monomers with aromatic carboxylic acid monomers in the resultant esterification reaction medium to form the aromatic copolyester. Both the esterification and polymerization reactions can be effectively conducted in the same vessel without having to separate out and/or transfer the esterification products from a separate vessel as the polyester polymerization is conducted in the esterification reaction mixture.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing melt-processable polyesters efficiently via the direct polymerization of aromatic hydroxy acids. By the direct polymerization method, hydroxy and acid moieties are reacted directly without the use of acetylated reactants, thereby avoiding the disadvantages inherent in the case of acetylated reactants. The direct polymerization is conducted in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of the Group IV and V metals.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polyimides-polyamides and copolyimides-polyamides prepared from the novel nonaromatic dianhydrides or mixtures of these with other dianhydrides. Tricyclo [4.2.1.0.sup.2,5 ] nonane-3,4-dimethyl-3,4,7,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (I). I is used to prepare novel polyimides-polyamides which are useful in preparing molded articles, fibers, laminates and coatings.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester amide is produced by reacting hydroxyphenyl-aminophenyl-propane with aromatic dicarboxylic acid dihalide in the presence of an inert organic solvent, and bringing the organic solvent phase containing the mixture of the reaction products of the above reaction into contact with an aqueous phase containing an acid-acceptor, whereby completing polycondensation reaction. In order to control the dissolution of water into the organic solvent phase while maintaining an adequate level of miscibility between the organic solvent phase and the aqueous phase, a neutral salt of inorganic electrolyte, such as sodium chloride, is added to the aqueous phase containing the acid-acceptor.

Abstract: A process for the production of a thermoplastic aromatic polyketone which process comprises reacting in the presence of a fluoroalkane sulphonic acid, preferably CF.sub.3 SO.sub.2 OH, the reactants selected from the following class:(a) at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid of the formula: ##STR1## where --Y-- is a direct link, --O--, --S--, --NAr'-- where Ar' is a monovalent aromatic radical (preferably phenyl); Ar is a divalent aromatic radical but must not be --Ph--CO--Ph-- or --Ph--SO.sub.2 --Ph-- (where --Ph-- is phenylene) when y is 1; and n is an integer of .gtoreq.1 and y is an integer of 1 to 3;(b) a mixture of at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid of the formula: ##STR2## where --X-- and --X'-- are independently a direct link --O--, --S--, --NAr'-- where Ar' is as defined in (a); m is 0 or an integer of .gtoreq.

Abstract: A method is provided for making polyimides resulting from aromatic organic dianhydride and organic diamine interaction in the presence of an alkali metal salt of an oxygenated phosphorus compound.

Abstract: Polyesters having recurring units derived from diols and diacids and recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid is disclosed. Electrographic developer compositions comprising toner particles containing the polyesters are also disclosed.