Abstract: An essentially linear polyester oligomer having hydroxyl and carboxyl terminal groups for subsequent cure and its production are disclosed. This polyester oligomer is produced by first adducting approximately equimolar amounts of diol carrying two primary hydroxyl groups and a dicarboxylic acid anhydride to form an hydroxy acid. The carboxyl groups of this hydroxy acid are then esterified by reaction with an approximately stoichiometric proportion of diol carrying one primary hydroxyl group and one secondary hydroxyl group, the stoichiometry being based on the total hydroxyl content of the diol and the carboxyl content of the hydroxy acid, to form an hydroxyl-terminated oligomer. This hydroxyl-terminated oligomer is then adducted with a polycarboxylic acid monoanhydride having a carboxyl functionality of at least 3, this monoanhydride being used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.15 equivalents of anhydride per hydroxyl equivalent in the hydroxyl-terminated oligomer.

Abstract: The polyesters of trans-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid and 1,4-butanediol modified with 20 to 80 mol % terephthalic acid and/or 20 to 80 mol % of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid can be injection-molded to give plastics, extruded into films or spun into fibers to give shaped objects with high strength.

Abstract: A polyester compound has an average molecular weight of 700 to 3000 and is modified with epsilon-caprolactone. It is prepared from (a) epsilon-caprolactone or omega-hydroxycaproic acid, (b) an aliphatic diol component, (c) an aromatic or aliphatic polybasic carboxylic component and (d) an aromatic monocarboxyl to terminate each polymer chain.

Abstract: A polyether ester having a melting point of 95.degree. to 125.degree. C. based on 1,4-butanediol, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid in a molar ratio of 48 to 55:52 to 45 and a content of 10.5 to 25 wt % of polyethylene glycol with a molar mass of 0.4 to 6 kg/mol is presented as a suitable fusion adhesive for textiles. The bonds prove to be resistant to hot water and perchloroethylene.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyethylene terephthalate and copolymers thereof having high clarity and process for making the same. The invention provides a process for making PET using protonic acid catalysts which result in a polymer having a level of haze which is lower than has heretofore been attainable, using conventional metallic catalysts. Further, the polyesters so produced have a lower melt temperature which improves the processability.

Abstract: Polyesters having recurring units derived from diols and diacids and recurring units derived from p-hydroxybenzoic acid is disclosed. Electrographic developer compositions comprising toner particles containing the polyesters are also disclosed.

Abstract: A polyester copolymer, suitable for an adhesive, is obtained by copolymerizing(A) terephthalic acid or a mixture of more than 50 mol % of terephthalic acid and at least one kind of dicarboxylic acid selected from aromatic dicarboxylic acids excluding terephthalic acid and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids,(B) a low-molecular weight diol composed of 1 to 50 mol % of 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol and 99 to 50 mol % of 1,6-hexanediol, and(C) at least one kind of high-molecular weight diol (in such an amount that the high-molecular weight diol component in the copolymer is 0 to 60 wt %) selected from polyalkylene ether glycol and polycaprolactone glycol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of poly(p-methylenebenzoate) from p-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid containing no more than about 10% by weight terephthalic acid and no more than about 0.3 (wt) % total of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde and p-toluic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyesters of high molecular weight useful as films, fibers and molding plastics. It is particularly concerned with copolyesters comprising repeating units from trans-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid, optionally 0-40 mol % of terephthalic acid or 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and 1,2-propanediol, the polyesters having an inherent viscosity of about 0.3 or more and a flexural modulus of at least 900,000 psi.

Abstract: A polymer capable of forming an anisotropic melt characterized in that the polymer chain includes residues of cross-linking reactants at a concentration sufficient to give a polymer with a melt viscosity of not greater than 10.sup.7 Nsec/m.sup.2 measured by capillary rheometry at a shear rate of 10.sup.4 N/m.sup.2. The polymers exhibit favorable shear dependent viscosity characteristics in that the viscosity is high under low shear conditions and is low under high shear conditions, as judged by the viscosity characteristics of polymers of the same composition but not containing the residues of cross-linking reactants.

Abstract: Copolyesters of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) modified with about 15 to 45 mol % trans-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid can be injection molded to give polymers with tensile strengths up to 32,000 psi and moduli up to 1,250,000 psi. As-spun or drawn fibers and films of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) modified with as little as 10 mol % trans-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid have improved modulus compared with unmodified poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate). The copolyesters have properties superior to those of poly(ethylene terephthalate).

Abstract: Disclosed are crystalline polyesters having low melt viscosities, and thermosetting compositions comprising these polyesters. The compositions are especially useful as powder coatings. At least 40 mole percent of the acid moiety is a terephthalic or isophthalic acid moiety, and the polyester contains as moieties of the dihydric alcohol about 40-100 mole percent 1,6-hexanediol, the polyester being further characterized as having a molecular weight of about 700-3000, a melt viscosity of about 50-3000 cps at 160.degree. C. and a hydroxyl number of about 30-160.

Abstract: A novel wholly aromatic polyester is provided which exhibits an anisotropic melt phase and which is capable of readily undergoing melt processing. The polyester of the present invention consists essentially of the recurring units (a) paraoxybenzoyl moiety, (b) bromo-substituted-para-oxybenzoyl moiety, and (c) meta-oxybenzoyl moiety. The resulting polymer may be economically produced. Additionally, it may be melt processed at an advantageous temperature which makes possible the utilization of standard equipment such as that heretofore utilized for the melt processing of polyethylene terephthalate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high molecular weight polyethylene terephthalate composition comprised of a plurality of polyester chains wherein a substantial number of said chains have at least one end group corresponding to a formula selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## said composition having a reduced acetaldehyde generation rate.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of matter comprising the reaction products of polyesters and 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropionate, the reaction products containing, by weight, about 40-80% of a polyester and about 60-20% of 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropyl-2,2-dimethyl- 3-hydroxypropionate and having a hydroxyl number of about 150-300. The compositions are especially useful in high-solids coatings.

Abstract: Alkali metal unsaturated polyester silicate resinous products are produced by mixing a polyhydroxy organic compound, an alkali metal silicate and an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid, then heating the mixture to a temperature between the melting point of the polycarboxylic acid and the boiling temperature of the polyol while agitating until the reaction is complete. The products may be used in laminates and as coating agents.

Abstract: There are disclosed thermosettable polyester resins which are the reaction products of specified amounts of a benzenedicarboxylic acid component (e.g.: 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid), a trihydroxy alkyl component (e.g.: 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol), a short chain alkylene diol component having four or fewer carbon atoms in the primary carbon chain between the hydroxyl moieties (e.g.: 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol), a dihydroxy alkyl constituent having four to ten carbon atoms in the primary carbon chain between the hydroxyl moieties (e.g.: 1,6-hexanediol), and a monocarboxylic acid component (e.g.: benzoic acid). Such polyesters, having a number average molecular weight of from about 400 to about 1600 and a combined acid and hydroxyl number of about 50 to about 250 milligrams of KOH per gram of polyester, are found to be especially useful in high solids content coating formulations.

Abstract: Copolyester adhesives are disclosed which are derived from 100 mole % of a dibasic acid component and 100 mole % of a glycol component, the dibasic acid component comprising at least 40 mole % of trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and the glycol component comprising at least 50 mole % 1,4-butanediol. The copolyester is characterized by having a melting point of about 40.degree.-130.degree. C., a glass transition temperature of about -20.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C., a heat of fusion of not less than 1.0 calorie per gram, and a crystalline half time of less than 10 minutes at maximum crystallization temperature. These copolyesters are useful as adhesives, and are especially useful as fusible interlining adhesives.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolyesterethers that can be formed into bottles, tubing, film and the like having improved clarity. The copolyetheresters have an inherent viscosity of from 0.8 to about 2.0 and compriseA. a dicarboxylic acid component consisting essentially of terephthalic acid and an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic acid, andB. a diol component comprising(1) at least 70 mole percent 1,4-butanediol, and(2) from about 10 to about 60 weight percent, based on the weight of the polyetherester, of polypropyleneether glycol having a molecular weight of 1700 to 2400.

Abstract: A novel polyester is provided which has been found to exhibit an optically anisotropic melt phase at a temperature which enables it readily to undergo melt processing to form quality fibers, films, molded articles, etc. The polyester contains substantial concentrations of recurring 3-phenyl-4-oxybenzoyl and/or 2-phenyl-4-oxybenzoyl moieties in combination with 4-oxybenzoyl and/or 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moieties in the proportions indicated. The wholly aromatic polyester is capable of forming the desired anisotropic melt at a temperature below approximately 350.degree. C.

Abstract: A water-soluble reactive binder, characterized by a combination of at least three of the components(a) at least one halogen-free polycarboxylic acid compound;(b) at least one salt-forming substance selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and quaternary ammonium salts, organic bases and ammonia;(c) at least one component selected from the group consisting of(c1) a polymer containing OH groups; and(c2) an epoxide compound,wherein the components (a) to (c2) are present as such or at least partially in chemically bonded form, a process for its preparation, an article coated with said binder and an adhesive containing said binder.

Abstract: Linear thermosettable polyester resin compositions are prepared from benzenedicarboxylic acid, an alkyl dicarboxylic acid, (e.g. 1,6-hexanedioic acid), and a short chain alkylene diol component (e.g. 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol), the resin having a number average molecular weight of about 1,500 to about 5,000 and combined acid and hydroxyl values of about 20 to about 60 mg of KOH per gram of polyester. When these polyesters are combined with an aminoplast and an acid catalyst they form coating compositions which, when applied to a substrate and cured, provide a coating having an outstanding combination of hardness, adhesion, extendability, flexibility and dry heat resistance.

Abstract: Novel compositions of matter comprising polymethylene terephthalate t-butyl isophthalate copolyesters wherein the t-butyl isophthalate repeating units range from 1 to 50 mole percent and the ethylene terephthalate repeating units range from 99 to 50 mole percent, said percentages being based on the sum of the moles of ethylene terephthalate and t-butyl isophthalate repeating units in said compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylene terephthalates which crystallize rapidly, and process of making such compositions and a process of using such compositions in injection molding. The compositions comprise polyalkylene terephthalates with intrinsic viscosities in excess of about 0.4 dl/g in 1:1 phenol/tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C. and at least about 0.5 wt. %, based on the weight of resin and additive, of an aromatic carboxylic acid ester. These compositions may be prepared by intimately mixing the ingredients, for example by extrusion. These compositions, particularly those wherein the polyester consists essentially of polyethylene terephthalate, may be injection molded with mold temperatures less than about 120.degree. C. and still retain a significant degree of crystallinity even with short mold residence times.

Abstract: Coating compositions useful as a dielectric layer for electrostatic recording sheet material are disclosed. The compositions comprise a polyester derived mainly from terephthalic acid and 1,2-propanediol. Minor amounts of isophthalic acid and ethylene glycol may be included. Preferably, the compositions include an ester prepared from gum, wood and/or tall oil rosin in an amount of up to about 70% based on the combined weight of polyester and rosin ester.

Abstract: Thermosettable polyester resin compositions, suitable for use in powder coating applications, derived from a dicarboxylic aromatic acid component (e.g., 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid), a trihydroxy alkyl component (e.g., 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol), a diol component (e.g., 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol) and a dihydroxy alkyl compound having 4 to 10 carbon atoms in the primary carbon chain between the hydroxyl moieties (e.g., 1,6-hexanediol). Polyesters of the present invention have a number average MW of from about 2,000 to about 6,000, a combined acid and hydroxyl number of about 35 to about 70 milligrams of KOH per gram of polyester, and a glass transition temperature of about 35.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with thermoplastic terephthalic acid copolyesters which crystallize more rapidly than homopolyethylene terephthalate and are based on a diol component which is about 98 to 99.9 mol % of ethylene glycol and the balance 2-ethylhexane-1,3-diol. The acid component may be up to about 10.0 mol % of other than terephthalic acid or its dimethyl ester.This invention is also concerned with a process of synthesizing such copolyesters by esterifying or transesterifying the acid and diol components between about 150.degree. and 250.degree. C. in the presence of appropriate catalysts. The condensation product may be subject to polycondensation at about 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. under reduced pressure in the presence of esterification catalysts. In a preferred embodiment the 2-ethylhexane-1,3-diol is added after the initial reaction between the acid component and the ethylene glycol and preferably after the degree of polycondensation is greater than 4.

Abstract: Coating compositions useful as a dielectric layer for electrostatic recording sheet material are disclosed. The compositions comprise a polyester derived mainly from terephthalic acid and 1,2-propanediol. Minor amounts of isophthalic acid and ethylene glycol may be included. Preferably, the compositions include an ester prepared from gum, wood and/or tall oil rosin in an amount of up to about 70% based on the combined weight of polyester and rosin ester.

Abstract: The application discloses a mixture of high molecular weight hard resins, such as polymethyl methacrylate, cellulose acetate butyrate and cellulose nitrate with low molecular weight benzoic acid terminated polyesters having a glass transition temperature in the range of -30.degree. C. to 40.degree. C. and a molecular weight in the range of 500 to 1500. The hard polyesters of this invention are obtained by the use of small diols and hard dibasic acids in addition to termination of the chain by the hardening component benzoic acid. Saturated linear dicarboxylic acids are used for less than half of the acid monomer content, on a molar basis, since these are softening components. The polyesters are used to lower the melting point and improve the flow of the high molecular weight polymers without excessively plasticizing these high molecular weight polymers to the point where they are noticeably softened at use temperatures.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyesters by reacting a di-lower alkyl ester of a dicarboxylic acid consisting mainly of terephthalic acid with an alkylene glycol consisting mainly of ethylene glycol or tetramethylene glycol and thereafter polycondensing an obtained di-glycol ester of the dicarboxylic acid and/or a low molecular weight condensate thereof, in the presence of (A) a lower alkyl p-formylbenzoate in an amount of about 50 - 1000 ppm, (B) a di-lower alkyl isophthalate in an amount of about 50 - 1000 ppm and (C) p-toluic acid and/or a mono-lower alkyl terephthalate in an amount of more than about 30 ppm, wherein the total amount of the compounds (A), (B) and (C) is not more than about 2000 ppm, to thereby form polyesters which have good qualities and excellent melt-forming properties.

Abstract: High purity monomers, such as methyl p-hydroxymethylbenzoate, are produced by selective reduction of dicaboxylic acid monoesters with diborane. The resultant monomers are suitable for producing new polymers with improved physical properties.

Abstract: A melt processable resorcinol phthalate polyester having a terephthalic acid content not greater than about 30 mole percent is prepared by a two-stage process utilizing an alkali or alkaline earth metal acetate catalyst. The first stage yields a non-volatile pre-polymer which is then melt polymerized to the resorcinol phthalate polyester. A process for preparing a melt processable resorcinol phthalate polyester from resorcinol by reacting it with an acetylating agent is also disclosed. The resulting polyester exhibits high char and low flammability in addition to being melt processable.

Abstract: A thermoplastic composition of a combination of polyesters comprising a poly(1,4-butylene terephthalate) and a polyester derived from a cyclohexanedimethanol.

Abstract: A thermoplastic copolyester is formed of at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid member, at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid member (an alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride thereof), and at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 glycol. Particularly preferred copolyesters are those wherein at least one non-polymeric polyfunctional member is added to the base copolyester composition to function as a chain-extender therefor. The resultant copolyester is useful as an adhesive both by itself and as an ingredient of hot melt or solution adhesive formulations.

Abstract: High molecular weight, colorless polyesters suitable for shaping into filaments and films are obtained using novel catalysts selected from the group consisting of reaction products of specified antimony or zirconium (IV) compounds with 1) a carboxylate of calcium, manganese or zinc and 2) an acid anhydride, alcohol or glycol. The molar ratio of the antimony or zirconium compound to the aforementioned carboxylate is between 1:1 and 1:6. The catalysts are active in both transesterification and polycondensation. The rates of these reactions are more rapid than can be achieved using prior art catalysts.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyesters based on aromatic diols are flexible, possess good working properties and have a high glass transition temperature when they contain dicarboxylic acids having N,N-heterocyclic rings.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for inhibiting in a polymerization reaction crosslinking of photocrosslinkable condensation homopolymers and copolymers by use of a synergistic inhibitor composition comprising specified amounts of a hindered phenolic compound and a phosphoric acid ester in the presence of monomers from which said homopolymers and copolymers are formed. Residue from the inhibitor composition remains in the polymeric product and serves as a stabilizer against heat deterioration and premature crosslinking of the product during recovery and storage. The stabilized homopolymers and copolymers are useful for manufacture of radiation sensitive elements. Photographic elements formed from the stabilized condensation polymers are particularly useful as lithographic plates.

Abstract: A polyester film is disclosed which comprises a polyester mainly consisting of polyethylene terephthalate and an additive amount of granular calcium terephthalate anhydride particles having a specific volume shape factor. The average particle diameter and additive amount of the granular calcium terephthalate anhydride particles may be controlled so that the film is particularly suitable as a metallized film or a condenser film.