Abstract: An energy polymerizable composition and process therefore, comprising a cationically polymerizable material and a catalytically effective amount of an ionic salt of an organometallic complex cation as polymerization initiator, said ionic salt of an organometallic complex cation being capable of adding an intermediate strength nucleophile or upon photolysis capable of liberating at least one coordination site, said metal in said organometallic complex cation being selected from elements of Periodic Groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIIIB are disclosed. Certain of the organometallic metallic polymerization initiators are novel cationic salts.

Abstract: New .alpha.-phenyl-glycidyl-ether polyolefin macromonomers and copolymer of these macromonomers and ring opening polymerizable monomers have been prepared. The new copolymers based on these macromonomers form a unique set of copolymers having graft type blocks of a hydrophobic polyolefin dangling from a back bone composed of a ring opening polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: Benzyl pyridinium or ammonium salts of a non-nucleophilic anion are useful as a cationic polymerization initiator having a heat latency. A variety of resinous compositions containing this initiator is also disclosed.

Abstract: An adduct of:a) one or more polyhydric alcohols of formula R(OH).sub.n in which R is an aliphatic or heterocyclic moiety of from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, the hydroxyl groups are attached to a primary carbon atom, or a secondary carbon atom in which the second hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon atom no more than 4 carbon atoms away from said secondary carbon atom, and n is an integer of from 2 to 6, andb) an at least equimolar amount of one or more monoepoxides of formula ##STR1## in which R' is an optionally substituted aromatic moiety of up to 14 carbon atoms,said adduct having a molecular weight distribution Mz/Mw of from 1 to 1.1, and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A heat curable composition is provided which is useful for encapsulating microelectronic devices using a heat curable epoxy composition having a diaryliodonium hexafluoroantimonate salt as a catalyst in combination with an effective amount of a free radical generating aromatic compound as a cocatalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to activated curing combinations for organic cationically polymerizable materials. The curing combinations are obtainable by activating a solution or a dispersion of an iron/arene salt and a polycarboxylic acid, an anhydride based on a polycarboxylic acid, or a polyisocyanate by heating or by irradiation with actinic radiation. The curable compositions containing these activated curing combinations can be used as sheathing or encapsulating materials for electronic components.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curing agent composition for epoxy resin, prepared by mixing together the following components (i), (ii) and (iii) and heating the mixture for modification:(i) at least one organic carboxylic acid zinc salt,(ii) at least one acid anhydride, and(iii) either (a) at least one phenol compound or (b) at least one glycidyl ester or glycidyl ether compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for condensing at least one epoxide on at least one cyclic anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst consisting of at least one titanium nitrogenous complex of the formula (I) Ti(OR.sup.1).sub.m (OR.sup.2 ).sub.n (OR.sup.2 ).sub.p Lg in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represents one hydrocarbon group, L represents the remainder of a nitrogenous compound, the sum of m+n+p+q is 4, q is an integer from 1 to 4 and m, n and p are independently each 0 or 1. The process allows for obtaining a perfectly alternating polyester.

Abstract: Epoxy resins which are relatively low in total bound halide are prepared by concurrently and continuously adding a mixture of (1) a mixture of an epihalohydrin, a compound containing an average of more than one group reactive with a vicinal epoxide group and a solvent and (2) an aqueous or organic solution of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide; to (3) a mixture of epihalohydrin and a solvent.

Abstract: A process for condensing at least one aliphatic epoxide having at least 8 atoms of carbon in its molecule on at least one cyclic anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst consisting of at least one titanium complex of general formula (I) Ti(OR).sub.2 (L).sub.2 in which each R group independently represents one hydrocarbon group with 1 to 10 atoms of carbon and each L group represents a ligand of the diketonic beta type or of the keto-ester beta.

Abstract: A heat curable composition is provided which is useful for encapsulating microelectronic devices using a heat curable epoxy composition having a diaryliodonium hexafluoroantimonate salt as a catalyst in combination with an effective amount of a free radical generating aromatic compound as a cocatalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing an epoxy resin containing on average from 1.5 to 2.5 epoxy groups and at least one primary hydroxyl group per molecule, the method comprising reacting, in the presence of an etherification catalyst, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate with a diglycidylether having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, or an alkylene group containing a cyclic moiety.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a sulfonamide-based epoxy resinous composition, which includes the step of reacting a sulfonamide compound with a resinous composition containing a plurality of epoxide groups in the presence of a Lewis acid, is disclosed. The epoxy sulfonamide resins of the invention, which are being claimed, have applications in nail lacquer compositions and other cosmetics, adhesives, and in wood and paper coatings, as a plasticizer and as a modifier in injection molding applications for various resins.

Abstract: Fluoroepoxy resins for use in computer composite circuit boards. A "glass state" curing agent containing a fluorinated monoanhydride, a fluorinated dianhydride and a catalyst is compounded at a temperature of about 210.degree. C. The curing agent is blended with di- and tri-functional epoxy resins at 100.degree. C. or higher to give homogeneous fast-curing syrups. Fluoroepoxy resins inherently have low dielectric constants. This method produces a fluoroepoxy resin with higher crosslink densities and higher glass transition temperatures.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable electrodeposition paints contain binder combinations of cationic film-forming resins with organic titanium compounds which are obtained by reacting tetraalkyl orthotitanates or titanium acetyl acetonates with NH-functional .beta.-hydroxyalkylamine compounds, subsequently reacting with formaldehyde and with removal of the alcohol and/or acetyl acetone formed. The stoved paint films exhibit an excellent anti-corrosion effect on non-pretreated sheet steel.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed containing an epoxidized fatty acid ester, an aromatic amine curing agent and an acid or metal salt accelerator. The composition can optionally contain a polyglycidyl ether of a polyhydric alcohol, an unsaturated monomer and a monoepoxy diluent. The composition has long pot life at room temperature and good flexibility and elongation.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing:(a) cationically polymerizable compound and(b) a compound of the formula I[R.sup.1 (FE.sup.II R.sup.2).sub.a ].sub.q.sup..sym.an an X.sup..crclbar.(I)in which a is 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted .pi.-arene, R.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted .pi.-arene or cyclopentadienyl anion or indenyl anion, q is an integer from 1 to 3 and X is FSO.sub.3.sup.- or a q-valent anion of an organic sulfonic acid or of a carobxylic acid; R.sup.1 can also be a polymeric, aromatic ligand. The invention also relates to the novel compounds of the formula I. The curable mixtures can be processed in particular for the production of coatings having a good resistance to heat.

Abstract: A thermoplastic composition is provided which comprises a phenylene ether resin, a preformed, two-phase rubber modified, high impact vinyl aromatic resin, and a preformed styrenic homopolymer which has a number average molecular weight of 65,000 to 120,000.

Abstract: Storage stable compositions are disclosed which comprise an epoxide containing compound, a phenolic hydroxyl containing compound, and a catalyst compound for catalyzing the reaction between epoxide groups and aromatic hydroxyl groups which catalyst comprises the product resulting from contacting an onium salt, amine, or amine salt with an acid or a salt of an acid having a weak nucleophilic anion.

Abstract: Curable mixtures comprising(a) at least one epoxy resin containing on average more than one, 1,2-epoxy group per molecule,(b) at least one cyclic carboxylic anhydride,(c) an adduct of a zinc salt of a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 carboxylic acid with a tertiary amine, and(d) optionally a filler and/or further conventional modifiers have a long pot life without impairment of the brief curing time at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprises an epoxy compound and a propargyl aromatic ether.

Abstract: An electrodeposition coating composition containing blocked isocyanate groups comprising at least one dialkyltin aromatic carboxylic acid salt represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A metal chelate compound in which a chelate forming metal is coordinated with a ligand represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which are the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X represents --NR.sup.4 -- (wherein R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms), an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, n is an integer of 1 to 3, and j is an integer of 1 to 3, and a coating composition containing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermally-curable, one-part epoxy adhesive composition comprising: (1) a glycidyl ether epoxide having a048477475 n epoxy functionality grater than one and a molecular weight between about 150 and 10,000; (2) a catalyst comprising (i) an acid of the formula H.sup.+ SbF.sub.5 X.sup.- wherein X is halogen, hydroxy, or --OR where --OR is the residue of an aliphatic or aromatic alcohol having a molecular weight less than about 10,000 and (ii) N,N-diethyl-o-toluidine; (3) an aliphatic or non-aromatic cyclic polyol having about 2 to 18 carbon atoms, at least two hydroxy groups of which are primary or secondary, and being free of electron-withdrawing substituents, amine substituents, or large substituents that cause steric hindrance in the .alpha.-position in relation to the carbon attached to the methylol group of the polyol; and (4) a toughening agent that does not react with the epoxide during curing and has an epoxide compatible component and an epoxide incompatible component.

Abstract: Certain cobalt(II) complexes such as secondary amine adducts of cobalt(II) acetylacetonate have been found useful as latent catalysts for anhydride-epoxy blends.

Abstract: Novel curing agents for synthetic resins containing groups capable of ester formation or amide formation and, optionally polymerizable double bonds which are Michael addition products of monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid esters, capable of undergoing Michael addition, with compounds containing at least two double bonds capable of undergoing Michael addition, the two components being reacted in such ratios that the Michael addition product contains at least one ester group capable of transesterification and/or transamidation and at least one polymerizable double bond.

Abstract: Cationic paint binders, particularly binders of the type used in cathodic electrodeposition coatings which crosslink through transesterification, transamidation, transurethanization, or through the reaction of chain end double bonds catalyzed with a condensation product of a dialkyltinoxide and a compound carrying at least one hydroxyl group are described. The hydroxyl compounds are the aliphatic alcohols, phenols, alkanolamines, or the reaction products of primary amines with monoepoxy compounds. The catalysts of the invention provide very good stability and good compatibility in aqueous cationic paint materials.

Abstract: Composition comprising an epoxy resin, an adduct of a tetra-substituted titanate and a di-substituted hydrogen phosphite, a neutral ester of a phosphorous acid, and a curing agent for the epoxy resin.The composition is particularly useful as an adhesive for bonding structures made of sheet molding compound to like structures, to steel, and to other substrates commonly used in the automotive area.

Abstract: Cationic paint binders, particularly binders of the type used in cathodic electrodeposition coatings which crosslink through transesterification, transamidation, transurethanization, or through the reaction of chain end double bonds catalyzed with a reaction product of lead(II) oxide with compounds carrying .beta.-hydroxyamino structure are described. The catalysts of the invention provide very good stability and good compatibility in aqueous cationic paint materials.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising a polyepoxide, an amine curing agent and a catalytic amount of a non-nucleophilic acid salt of an amine having the formula R(R')(R")NH.sup.+ X.sup.- wherein R, R' and R" independently represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkaryl group having from 7 to 20 carbon atoms or an oxyalkylene group having from 2 to 50 carbon atoms and wherein R' and R" independently also may represent hydrogen and R may also represent the formula [--Y--(R')(R")NH.sup.+ X.sup.- ].sub.n wherein R' and R" have the foregoing designations, Y represents an alkylene or alkylene ether group having from 2 to 50 carbon atoms and n represents an integer of from 1 to 5 is described.

Abstract: Storage-stable, thermally-curable, one-part epoxy resin compositions comprising a curable opoxide resin; a curative amount of an aliphatic or non-aromatic cyclic polyol having about 2 to 18 carbon atoms, at least two hydroxy groups of said polyol being primary or secondary, and said polyol being free of strong acid groups, and free of electron-withdrawing substituents and large groups which cause steric hindrance in the .alpha.-position in relation to the carbon atoms attached to the methylol groups of the polyol; and a catalytic amount of an imidazole compound.

Abstract: A rapid curing epoxy resin composition comprising a mixture of(A) A first component comprising a polyepoxide and(B) A second component comprising a mixture of the novel reaction product of(1) an ammonium salt of a non-nucleophilic acid with(2) the reaction product of(a) a bicyclic amide acetal with(b) an amine, and(3) an amine curing agent, is described.

Abstract: A co-curable composition, having utility as a first part of a two-part cationically curable composition and containing a latent curing component which is reactive with a latent curing component in a second part of the two-part composition to form curingly effective cations for the two-part composition, such co-curable composition comprising: (i) a cationically polymerizable material, and (ii) a dioxane-complexed metal salt of a non-nucleophilic anion. Also disclosed is a two-part composition curable by contact of respective parts with one another, comprising first and second parts of the aforementioned types. A preferred class of cation species comprises carbenium ions derived from reaction of an organic halide compound, as the first component, with a metal salt of a non-nucleophilic anion such as SbCl.sub.6.sup.-, SbCl.sub.3.sup.-, SbF.sub.6.sup.-, AsF.sub.6.sup.-, SnCl.sub.5.sup.-, PF.sub.6.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup.-, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.-, and ClO.sub.4.sup.-, as the second component.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a polyether resin by reacting a diglycidyl ether of a dihydric phenol with an alcohol of formula R-C(CH.sub.2 OH).sub.3, R being C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, using an equivalent ratio e.sub.OH to e.sub.epoxy >1 and selecting P>1.05, wherein ##EQU1## F.sub.epoxy being the epoxy functionality of the diglycidyl ether.

Abstract: Latent catalysts for epoxy reactions are prepared by reacting a tetrasubstituted onium compound such as tetrabutylphosphonium acetate.acetic acid complex or an amine compound with an acid having a weak-nucleophilic anion such as fluoboric acid. These catalysts provide stable latent catalysts for epoxy resins for advancement or curing reactions.

Abstract: Curable mixtures, containing,(a) at least one bisphenol diglycidyl ether based on bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A or bisphenol F,(b) as a curing catalyst, a colorless or slightly yellow solution of a metal complex compound of the formula I]Me(H.sub.2 O).sub.x (Lm).sub.y ].sup.2+ (A.sup..crclbar.).sub.2 (I),in whichMe is a divalent metal from the group comprising Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, Ca or Mg,Lm is a saturated cyclic ether having 5 to 7 ring atoms, a linear or cyclic saturated aliphatic ether compound or a mixture of the ether and the ether compound, the ether and the ether compound having a boiling point of at least 60.degree. C., andA is an anion of the formula BF.sub.4.sup..crclbar., PF.sub.6.sup..crclbar., AsF.sub.6.sup..crclbar. or SbF.sub.6 .sup..crclbar.

Abstract: Epoxy adhesive compositions which are suitable for use in bonding metal and SMC parts to other metal and SMC parts comprise, in admixture, an epoxy resin, the adduct of an epoxy resin and a reactive (meth)acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber and a mixture of Lewis acid complexes having different cure times. The adhesive can be cured at elevated temperatures in 5 minutes or less.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of compositions of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is 2 to 4 and X is --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic or aromatic moiety as a curing agent for epoxy resins to form a thermoset material which has a reduced shrinkage.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition containing a cationic curing agent and a cure-retarding amount of a diarylamine. The diarylamine lengthens the pot life of the epoxy-curing agent composition.

Abstract: Novel compositions are prepared by reacting sulfur dioxide with the reaction product of a material having an average of more than one 1,2-epoxide group per molecule such as a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with a monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid such as methacrylic acid in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as cumene hydroperoxide.

Abstract: A process for the rapid formation of thermoset polymers by polymerizing a mixture of a polyepoxide with a polycarboxylic acid containing an alkali or alkaline earth metal cationic complex catalyst is disclosed.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition having an improved crack resistance comprising 100 weight parts of a curable epoxy resin and 30 to 300 weight parts of a phenol compound-added conjugated diolefin polymer, which is prepared in the presence of aluminum phenoxide as the catalyst. The composition is suitable for resin encapsulation of electronic components.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition which comprises a mixture (a) obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of a polybasic carboxylic acid anhydride with from 10 to 70 parts by weight of a compound having at least two phenol groups, an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, a catalyst, and an inorganic powder as a filler.

Abstract: A composition is provided comprising an epoxy resin, a cationic curing agent for the epoxy resin and a surfactant. The surfactant improves the reproducibility of cure rates of the cationic curing agent, particularly when the cationic curing agent is used in the form of an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Polycyanate esters of polyhydric phenols are cured with a liquid solution of a coordinating transition metal carboxylate in a monohydric alcohol. Such cured compositions are useful in structural composites, transfer molded encapsulants, filmed structural adhesives and printed wiring boards.

Abstract: Polycyanate esters of polyhydric phenols are cured with a liquid solution of a coordinating transition metal carboxylate in an alkylphenol. Such cured compositions are useful in structural composites, transfer molded encapsulants, filmed structural adhesives and printed wiring boards.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions contain (A) a cationically polymerizable material, such as an epoxide resin, a phenoplast or a cyclic vinyl ether, (B) a hydroxy compound such as styreneallyl alcohol copolymer, and (c) an aromatic iodosyl salt of formula ##STR1## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, each represent a monovalent aromatic radical having from 4 to 25 carbon atoms, x denotes 1, 2 or 3, and Z.sup.x- denotes an x-valent anion of a protic acid.Suitable salts of formula II include diphenyliodosyl hexafluorophosphate and tetrafluoroborate. The compositions may be photopolymerized or they may be thermally polymerized in the presence, as catalyst for the iodosyl salt, of a salt or complex of a d-block transition metal, a stannous salt, an organic peroxide or an activated .alpha.-hydroxy compound.The compositions may be used as surface coatings and adhesives, and in the preparation of printing plates, printed circuits and reinforced composites.

Abstract: Storage stable, heat curable mixtures obtained from epoxy resins as a binder system containing latent hardening agents as well as fillers and additive materials which have outstanding mechanical and electrical properties and which are obtained as epoxy resin components of an adduct of a high molecular solid epoxy resin and 4,4'-diaminodiarylalkane in a molecular ratio of 1:0.01 to 0.05. The preferred economical curing agent is a phenol formaldehyde condensation product.

Abstract: Compounds with a plurality of oxirane functional groups can be cured to a fixture in less than one minute with a catalyst composition of a trityl or tropylium salt of a non-nucleophillic anion and a suitable solvent. Typical catalyst salts include trityl tetrafluoroborate, trityl hexachloroantimonate and tropylium hexafluorophosphate. The catalyst composition may conveniently be extended with liquid polymeric vehicles and acidic fillers.

Abstract: Cationically polymerizable compounds, for example epoxide compounds, can be polymerized photochemically using a catalyst combination consisting of an aromatic iodonium salt and a ketone of the formula I, II or III ##STR1## in which n is 1 or 2 and Ar, X, X', R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined in claim 1. In this combination, the ketones act as a co-catalyst and drastically accelerate the photopolymerization, although they are not able to initiate a cationic photopolymerization on their own.