Abstract: The present invention relates to immunogenic preparations of Klebsiella species serotype-specific capsular polysaccharides. The invention involves the treatment of Klebsiella capsular polysaccharides in dilute sodium hydroxide to detoxify co-purified toxic lipopolysaccharides and to yield immunogenic vaccine preparations safe for parenteral administration to humans. The polyvalent vaccines prepared by use of the above vaccine are effective at providing protection against infections caused by Klebsiella species bacilli.

Abstract: Circulating and non-circulating well-drilling fluids are provided comprising parenchymal cell cellulose. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, improved viscosity and fluid loss control in circulating well-drilling fluids are obtained from the inclusion of parenchymal cell cellulose in such fluids. In accordance with another preferred embodiment, certain polymers, especially anionic polymers, and polymers derived from hemicellulosic materials are admixed with parenchymal cell cellulsoe in well fluids to provide synergistic fluid loss control and other beneficial properties. Methods for the employment of circulating and non-circulating well fluids employing parenchymal cell cellulose are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to food products containing a novel alpha-glycosyl ginsenoside wherein one or more alpha-glucosyl moieties are bound to ginsenoside residue, and a process for producing the food products. Such alpha-glycosyl ginsenoside is obtainable by subjecting an aqueous solution of ginsenoside and an alpha-glucosyl saccharide to an alpha-glucosyl transferase.

Abstract: An improved method for the recovery of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plants is provided which does not require the use of dangerous chemicals or special separation equipment such as ion exchange or chromatography. In the process the raw material, preferably in comminuted form is first extracted with water, the resulting aqueous extract is treated with a di- or tricarboxylic acid chelating agent to remove metallic and other impurities as well as to lower the pH to less than about 4. Subsequently a calcium-containing agent is added to precipitate out other impurities. The aqueous extract is essentially neutralized with an acid and is then subject to extraction with a water-immiscible solvent. Purified stevioside crystals are recovered by cooling the water layer obtained from said solvent extraction step.

Abstract: A hypoglycemic composition which contains as an effective component a polysaccharide contained in aloes of the family Liliaceae and having hypoglycemic activity and water solubility, and a method of treating diabetes comprising administering to a patient afflicted with diabetes a theraputically effective amount of the above composition.

Abstract: A method of isolating soyasaponins which comprises defatting or not defatting the whole plant and/or the seed of a plant belonging to Leguminosae Trifolium, Leguminesae Medicago, Leguminosae Astragalus and Leguminosae Vicia, extracting said whole plant and/or seed with water, an organic solvent miscible with water or a mixture of such organic solvent and water, and isolating soyasaponin I from the extract obtained.

Abstract: This invention provides novel lipoglycosides having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and ##STR2## The lipoglycosides have antitumor properties.

Abstract: An improved method for the purification of ribulose, 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) comprises comminuting and homogenizing a plant material, such as leaves, in an aqueous solution. After fractionation to release the RuBisCO, sufficient polyethylene glycol (PEG) is added to cause crystallization of the RuBisCO. It has been found that treatment of the resulting PEG supernatant first by acidification to remove other proteins, and then by addition of a strong base to remove phosphorylated sugars, allows the recycling of the PEG in the process. Moreover, it is found that the phosphorylated sugars are a valuable by-product, suitable for example as a carbon source for the culture of microorganisms.

Abstract: The sugar content of citrus press liquor is enhanced by separating citrus solids, extracting fructose, glucose, and sucrose from the solids, and recombining the aqueous extract to increase the sugar content thereof. By inversion of the sucrose present in the sugar-enhanced press liquor, a high fructose syrup can be readily obtained which is indistinguishable from high fructose corn syrup. When separation is effected by centrifugation, a biocidally active colloidal phase is formed from which citrus terpenes and limonene can be extracted, resulting in a press liquor suitable for fermentation. The solid residue remaining after extraction can also be recycled with the remaining press cake.

Abstract: A hot-water extract of the bark of Melia azadirachta L. is treated with a gel filtrating agent with a fractionation range molecular weight from 1.times.10.sup.3 -1.times.10.sup.5 to 1.times.10.sup.3 -1.5.times.10.sup.5. There is obtained polysaccharide N9GI from the first fraction of the three divided polysaccharide fractions. Polysaccharide N9GI further treated with a gel-filtrating agent with a fractionation range molecular weight from 1.times.10.sup.3 -2.times.10.sup.5 to 1.times.10.sup.3 -8.times.10.sup.5. There are obtained polysaccharide N9GIa and polysaccharide N9GIb respectively from the first and second fractions of the two divided polysaccharide fractions.

Abstract: A polysaccharide-concentrate obtained from plant of the genera Cucurbitaceae, Papilionaceae, Tiliaceae, Labiate, Malvaceae, Asteraceae, Umbelliferae, Rutaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Linaceae, Rosaceae and Plantaginaceae by extraction with water and precipitation of the polysaccharide with alcohol or acetone, if desired after further purification. The polysaccharides having a molecular weight between 75,000-2,000,000, containing maximum 5% of nitrogen, maximum 5% of phosphorus (expressed in P.sub.2 O.sub.5), maximum 25% of ash, minimum 30% of reducing sugar, minimum 60% of total sugar (after acidic hydrolysis, expressed as glucose) has been shown to have especially anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: The extraction is described of a substance endowed with antiinflammatory and platelet antiaggregation activity, starting from the juice of plants of the species Ananas, Bromelia, Karatas, etc. of the family Bromeliaceae, or extractable from their derivatives such as bromelain. The extraction may be made by means of thermo-coagulation or precipitation by trichloracetic acid, starting both from raw juices obtained from their roots or from the fruits, and from previously isolated bromelain.

Abstract: The sugar content of citrus press liquor is enhanced by separating citrus solids, extracting fructose, glucose, and sucrose from the solids, and recombining the aqueous extract to increase the sugar content thereof. By inversion of the sucrose present in the sugar-enhanced press liquor, a high fructose syrup can be readily obtained which appears indistinguishable from high fructose corn syrup. When separation is effected by centrifugation, a colloidal phase is formed from which limonene and biocidal flavanoids can be extracted, resulting in a press liquor suitable for fermentation to alcohol. The solid residue remaining after extraction can also be recycled with the remaining press cake.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the recovery of pure hellebrin which comprises extracting a defatted hellebrin extract dissolved in a water-alkanol mixture or water-acetone mixture with a mixture of a lower alkanol or acetone and di-, tri-, or tetrachloromethane (or dichloroethane) evaporating the extraction agent in a vacuum and then heating with ethanol until the deposition of the first hellebrin crystals begins.

Abstract: A process for isolating saponins and flavonoids from leguminous plant which comprises extracting a part or the whole of the said plant with an aqueous alkaline solution, separating the extract from insoluble matters comprising fibrous materials, applying the extract on non-polar or slightly polar adsorbent resin to adsorb the saponins and flavonoids on the said resin, and treating the resin with a polar solvent to elute the saponins and the flavonoids adsorbed on the said resin.

Abstract: Polysaccharide RBS substance is obtained from rice bran by extraction it with hot water. RBS substance is utilized for antitumor agent.

Abstract: A process for recovering diterpene glycosides from the Stevia rebaudiana plant includes the steps of sequentially extracting plant material with a first solvent of intermediate polarity to extract plant substances which tend to interfere with a liquid chromatographic separation of the glycosides, and then with a second solvent of high polarity to extract glycosides, and chromatographically separating the extracted glycosides by introducing them onto a liquid chromatography column having a packing of an oxygen-containing organic stationary phase covalently bonded through a silicon atom to an inorganic support, eluting them with a solvent of polarity higher than that of the first solvent but lower than that of the second solvent, and collecting individually eluate fractions rich in respective glycosides.