Abstract: Various processes for preparing aldaric acids, aldonic acids, uronic acids, and/or lactone(s) thereof are described. For example, processes for preparing a C5-C6 aldaric acid and/or lactone(s) thereof by the catalytic oxidation of a C5-C6 aldonic acid and/or lactone(s) thereof and/or a C5-C6 aldose are described.

Abstract: A cellulose acetate particle aggregate, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof, which relate to the field of harm reduction additives in cigarettes. The cellulose acetate particle aggregate includes 49-99.5 wt % of cellulose acetate particles, 0-50 wt % of a second kind of particles, and 0.5-20 wt % of a binder. The preparation method involves selecting cellulose acetate particles and a second kind of particles in a certain ratio, or cellulose acetate particles alone, preparing particle aggregates by using an air fluidized granulation method while adding a binder thereto, and sieving the particle aggregates to obtain a cellulose acetate particle aggregate having a required particle size. The cellulose acetate particle aggregate has a porous structure, an irregular shape, and a rough and uneven surface, which help to improve the efficiency of filtering out particulate matters or one or more harmful ingredients in cigarette smoke.

Abstract: Methods of catalytic hydrogenation, including methods that may be used to hydrogenate an unsaturated reactant to produce an at least partially saturated product that may be a solid at 20° C. Systems for catalytic hydrogenation that may include a reactor bed containing one or more activated carbon monolith catalysts. At least 97% of unsaturated bonds may be saturated by the methods and systems.

Abstract: Nonwoven webs formed from modified 1,3-?-D-glucan polymer and methods of forming the nonwoven webs are disclosed. The modified 1,3-?-D-glucan polymer can have a number average degree of polymerization in the range of from 55 to 10,000. The nonwoven webs can be used for personal hygiene wipes, filtration media, apparel or other uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel stable colloidal polysaccharide suspension containing ?(1?3)-glucan, a cost-effective method for its preparation, and possible uses of these polysaccharide suspensions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of isolating an immunoglobulin, comprising the steps of: a) providing a separation matrix comprising multimers of immunoglobulin-binding alkali-stabilized Protein A domains covalently coupled to a porous support, b) contacting a liquid sample comprising an immunoglobulin with the separation matrix, c) washing said separation matrix with a washing liquid, d) eluting the immunoglobulin from the separation matrix with an elution liquid, and e) cleaning the separation matrix with a cleaning liquid, wherein the alkali-stabilized Protein A domains comprise mutants of a parental Fc-binding domain of Staphylococcus Protein A (SpA), as defined by SEQ ID NO: 51 or SEQ ID NO: 52, wherein the amino acid residues at positions 13 and 44 of SEQ ID NO: 51 or 52 are asparagines and wherein at least the asparagine residue at position 3 of SEQ ID NO: 51 or 52 has been mutated to an amino acid selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, lysine, tyrosine, threonine, phenylalanine, leuc

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a food product comprising hydrolysed starch, as well as to products obtainable by the method. The method has the advantage of reducing the amount of sugar (i.e. maltose) produced by hydrolysis as compared to conventional methods of starch hydrolysis and present the additional advantage of providing good processability for the food product.

Abstract: Compositions useful for propagation of pluripotent stem cells are provided. The compositions comprise a polysaccharide hydrogel linked to a peptide fragment of the extracellular domain of epithelial cadherin. Methods of making the composition, and culturing pluripotent stem cells also are provided.

Abstract: Allulose crystals are efficiently produced from an allulose syrup using seed crystals.

Abstract: Described herein is an isolated biological polysaccharide compound. The biological polysaccharide compound may be characterised by being isolated and having: glycosyl linkages comprising 1:3 linked glucopyranosyl residue of 65-95% wt and 1:6 linked glucopyranosyl residue of 5-25% wt; and a purity of 85-100% ?-D-glucan; and a molecular weight of 0.5 to 2.2 MDa; and a TNF-alpha cytokine response in a human bioassay that is at least 1.5 times greater than a negative control TNF-alpha cytokine response in a human bioassay; and being essentially insoluble in aqueous solutions. In a further aspect, methods are described of treating skin by topical application of a vehicle containing the isolated biological polysaccharide to a skin site such as a wound or burn. A method of manufacture is also described.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to hyaluronic acid-based compositions for aesthetic use, and more specifically to a dermal filler composition comprising hyaluronic acid crosslinked with citric acid or a salt thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for preparing said dermal filler composition and its use for aesthetic purposes, in particular for skin rejuvenation and correction of fine lines.

Abstract: Active components comprising lauric acid, or a lauric acid derivative, are utilized independently, or in combination, to provide new and useful compositions for bacteriostatic action against susceptible pathogens. The lauric acid derivative includes one or more of 12-aminododecanoic acid, 12-amino-1-dodecanoic acid methyl ester, sucrose monolaurate, 12-(7-nitrobenzofurazan-4-ylamino) dodecanoic acid, 4-nitrophenyl dodecanoate, 1-lauroyl-rac-glycerol, 3-oxo-N-(2-oxocyclohexyl) dodecanamide, butyl laurate, benzyl laurate, isoamyl laurate, monolaurin, isopropyl laurate, pentyl laurate, and hexyl laurate. A preparation includes combining the active component with lecithin, and after an initial processing phase, coating with chitosan or a carrier. Final compositions may be or may contain particles, such as nanoparticles. Final compositions, or formulations containing said final compositions, may be utilized internally, causing one or more membrane changes (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preventing and/or treating urologic diseases and symptoms in humans or domestic animals. The present invention relates also to preventing and/or treating pain in the pelvic area. The invention relates to use of a heteropolysaccharide composition isolated from ligneous plants and comprising hemicelluloses, mainly glucomannans, but also xylans and pectic polysaccharides, as well as fractions, subgroups or mixtures of these, as pharmaceutical preparations, food additives and food products.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are soft tissue fillers, for example, dermal and subdermal fillers, based on hyaluronic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Some of the hyaluronic acid-based compositions can include a therapeutically effective amount of at least one anesthetic agent, for example, lidocaine. Compared to conventional compositions that include lidocaine, some of the hyaluronic acid-based compositions disclosed herein can have an enhanced stability, for example, when subjected to sterilization techniques or when stored for long periods of time. Methods and processes of preparing such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a cellulose derivative. The method includes forming a first reaction product by reacting non-oxidized cellulose with at least one first alkalization agent in the presence of at least one suitable solvent, wherein the first reaction product includes a non-oxidized alkali-cellulose. The method further includes forming a second reaction product by reacting a monohalo-organic compound with a second alkalization agent in a solution, wherein the second reaction product includes a saturated solution and a sediment. The method further includes increasing a temperature of the saturated solution and dissolving at least a portion of the sediment, and reacting the non-oxidized alkali-cellulose with the second reaction product to form an improved carboxymethyl cellulose.

Abstract: Cellulose II nanocrystal particles have a crystallinity ?80%, a number-average molecular weight ranging from 1200 to 2500, and a molecular weight distribution coefficient Mw/Mn?1.30. The cellulose II nanocrystal particles can be prepared by: subjecting a cellulose raw material to an amorphization reconstitution and then to a crystallization acidolysis. The crystallization acidolysis may be carried out under a low concentration acidic condition. The method enables high efficient and clean production and quality control of cellulose nanocrystal materials.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) having high hydroxypropoxy content, low ash content, and low insoluble fiber content. More specifically, provided is a method for producing HPMC having a methoxy degree of substitution of from 1.4 to 2.2 and a hydroxypropoxy molar substitution of from 0.5 to 1.0, including steps of: bringing sheet-like or chip-like pulp into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide solution to obtain a reaction product mixture containing alkali cellulose, removing a liquid portion from the reaction product mixture to obtain the alkali cellulose, reacting the alkali cellulose with an etherifying agent to obtain a crude HPMC, disintegrating the crude HPMC into a disintegrated crude HPMC, dispersing the disintegrated crude HPMC in water to obtain a slurry, filtering the slurry to obtain a cake, and washing the cake.

Abstract: A rubber composition containing a rubber and modified cellulose fibers, wherein one or more substituents selected from substituents represented by the following general formulas (1) and (2): —CH2—CH(OH)—R1 (1), —CH2—CH(OH)—CH2—(OA)n—O—R1 (2), wherein each R1 in the general formulas (1) and (2) is independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms and 30 or less carbon atoms; n in the general formula (2) is a number of 0 or more and 50 or less; and A is a linear or branched, divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 or more carbon atoms and 6 or less carbon atoms are bonded to cellulose fibers via an ether bond, wherein the modified cellulose fibers have a cellulose I crystal structure. The rubber composition of the present invention can be suitably used for machine tool parts, household electric appliance parts, automobile parts, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting a feedstock comprising at least one sugar into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, wherein said feed is brought into contact with one or more inorganic dehydration catalysts and one or more chloride sources in the presence of at least one aprotic polar solvent alone or as a mixture, at a temperature of between 30° C. and 200° C., and at a pressure of between 0.1 MPa and 10 MPa.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for converting a feedstock comprising at least one sugar into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, wherein said feedstock is brought into contact with one or more organic dehydration catalysts and one or more chloride sources in the presence of at least one aprotic polar solvent alone or as a mixture, at a temperature of between 30° C. and 200° C., and at a pressure of between 0.1 MPa and 10 MPa.

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods of performing chemical reactions, including multi-step chemical reactions in which two or more of the reagents in the chemical reaction are incorporated or entrapped in a solid polymeric structure comprising pullulan. In certain embodiments, the chemical reaction or multi-step reaction serves as a sensor. Accordingly the present application is also directed to sensors for performing the methods of the application. In certain embodiments, at least one of the reagents is a biomolecule and the sensor is a biosensor. In certain other embodiments, the solid polymeric structure comprising pullulan and the reagents for performing a chemical reaction form a convenient device for performing a chemical reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an asphalt composition enabling one to provide an asphalt pavement in which the occurrence of rutting and fatigue cracking is inhibited and a method for producing the same, and to an additive for asphalt. The asphalt composition contains asphalt and cellulose, wherein the content of the cellulose is 0.01 part by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the asphalt, and a crystallization index of the cellulose is 50% or less.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of C4 oxygenate compounds such as threose, erythrose or erythrulose starting from a composition comprising C1-3 oxygenate compounds such as formaldehyde, glycolaldehyde, glyoxal, pyruvaldehyde or acetol, wherein the process is carried out in the presence of a crystalline microporous material having a ring pore structure selected from an eight-membered ring pore structure or a ten-membered ring pore structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cohesive soft tissue fillers, for example, dermal and subdermal fillers, based on hyaluronic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In one aspect, hyaluronic acid-based compositions described herein include a therapeutically effective amount of at least one anesthetic agent, for example, lidocaine. The present hyaluronic acid-based compositions including lidocaine have an enhanced stability and cohesivity, relative to conventional compositions including lidocaine, for example when subjected to sterilization techniques or when stored for long periods of time. Methods and processes of preparing such hyaluronic acid-based compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating a nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel, wherein the method comprises the steps of: providing a nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel, wherein the nanofibrillar cellulose is oxidized nanofibrillar cellulose, wherein the oxidation has been carried out through N-oxyl mediated catalytic oxidation of cellulose-based raw material, and has at most 50 ?mol of aldehyde groups per gram of dry nanofibrillar cellulose; and subjecting the nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel to a heat treatment.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing HPMCAS capable of reducing the average particle size of HPMCAS particles to an intended range without a pulverization step. Specifically provided is a method for producing hypromellose acetate succinate, comprising an esterification step of reacting hypromellose with an esterification agent in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a reaction solution containing crude hypromellose acetate succinate, a precipitation step of mixing the reaction solution with water to precipitate the crude hypromellose acetate succinate, thereby obtaining a hypromellose acetate succinate suspension, a liquid removal step of removing a liquid from the hypromellose acetate succinate suspension with a centrifugal decanter to obtain liquid-removed hypromellose acetate succinate, and a drying step of drying the liquid-removed hypromellose acetate succinate.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to synthetic oligosaccharide subunits of the Pseudomonas exosaccharide Psi and uses thereof, e.g., for epitope mapping of anti-Psl antibodies, for identification of anti-Psl antibodies, and for use as vaccines. In one aspect a synthetic oligosaccharide subunit of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Psl oligosaccharide is provided, comprising the trisaccharide of formula I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining polysaccharides from jatoba seeds, comprising the steps of: a) seed processing (dry process); b) aqueous extraction at 1% to 5% of powder mass per volume, preferably 2% of powder mass per volume; c) precipitation with ethanol 969GL using 1 to 3 times the aqueous extract volume; d) press filtration of the precipitate obtained in (c); e) solublization of the polysaccharides obtained in step (d) with water; and f) drying the polysaccharides obtained in step (e). In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a cosmetic composition containing polysaccharides obtained according to the process defined above and to the use of said polysaccharides.

Abstract: A method of treating a spinal disk according to the present invention can include inserting an alloplastic bulking agent into the spinal disk to treat the defect. The alloplastic bulking agent has a plurality of microparticles and a suspending agent comprising hyaluronic acid. The bulking agent results in at least one of sealing the defect, increasing a pressure of the disk, increasing a height of the disk, improving stability of the disk and improving structural integrity of the disk.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure feature a method that comprises preparing an agent-cyclodextrin complex. Preparing the agent-cyclodextrin complex includes contacting a first composition comprising an agent with a porous cyclodextrin-metal organic framework to form a second composition comprising an agent-cyclodextrin-metal organic framework complex, the cyclodextrin-metal organic framework including a plurality of cyclodextrin molecules and at least one metal cation. Preparing the agent-cyclodextrin complex also includes dissolving the agent-cyclodextrin-metal organic framework complex in an aqueous solvent to form a third composition including the agent-cyclodextrin complex.

Abstract: The invention relates to a separation matrix comprising at least 11 mg/ml Fc-binding ligands covalently coupled to a porous support, wherein: a) the ligands comprise multimers of alkali-stabilized Protein A domains, and b) the porous support comprises cross-linked polymer particles having a volume-weighted median diameter (d50,v) of 56-70 micrometers and a dry solids weight of 55-80 mg/ml.

Abstract: The present invention provides (i) processes for preparing a 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-2?-methyl-D-ribonolactone derivatives, (ii) conversion of intermediate lactones to nucleosides with potent anti-HCV activity, and their analogues, and (iii) methods to prepare the anti-HCV nucleosides containing the 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-2?-C-methyl-ß-D-ribofuranosyl nucleosides from a preformed, preferably naturally-occurring, nucleoside.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cohesive soft tissue fillers, for example, dermal and subdermal fillers, based on hyaluronic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In one aspect, hyaluronic acid-based compositions described herein include a therapeutically effective amount of at least one anesthetic agent, for example, lidocaine. The present hyaluronic acid-based compositions including lidocaine have an enhanced stability and cohesivity, relative to conventional compositions including lidocaine, for example when subjected to sterilization techniques or when stored for long periods of time. Methods and processes of preparing such hyaluronic acid-based compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Provided are methods of making high quality seaweed meal suitable for food applications. The method comprises the steps of cleaning the fresh, dried, or rehydrated red seaweed, pretreating the red seaweed with alkali, pre-treating the red seaweed with acid, hydrolyzing the red seaweed with cellulase, and drying and grinding the treated red seaweed to obtain the seaweed meal. The seaweed meal produced by the disclosed technology has light color, good flavor and taste, good mouthfeel, high gelling capability, great stability, and ideal smoothness and slipperiness suitable for food applications.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are soft tissue fillers, for example, dermal and subdermal fillers, based on hyaluronic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In one aspect, hyaluronic acid-based compositions described herein include a therapeutically effective amount of at least one anesthetic agent, for example, lidocaine. The present hyaluronic acid-based compositions including lidocaine have an enhanced stability, relative to conventional compositions including lidocaine, for example when subjected to sterilization techniques or when stored for long periods of time. Methods and processes of preparing such hyaluronic acid-based compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention includes composition and methods for a core matrix comprising a dissolved cellulose fiber of, e.g., high molecular weight (DP>5000) or microcrystalline cellulose of low molecular weight (DP: 150-300), printed into a two or three dimensional pattern; a conductive material comprising a carbon nanotube or graphene oxide disposed on or about the cellulose fiber or microcrystalline cellulose; and an enhancer or stabilizer that stabilizes the dissolved cellulose or microcrystalline cellulose disrupted during a printing process, wherein the conductive material and the cellulose or microcrystalline cellulose forms one or more features in or on the cellulose fiber or microcrystalline cellulose.

Abstract: This invention is intended to produce a novel functional material through solubilization and molecular weight reduction of a water-insoluble polymeric compound, such as a water-insoluble protein or water-insoluble polysaccharide, in a simple and efficient manner.

Abstract: A method for producing P1,P4-di(uridine 5?-)tetraphosphate (UP4U) that can avoid reduction of the synthetic efficiency without using UTP free is developed. A method for producing UP4U comprising reacting a phosphoric acid-activating compound represented by formula [II] or [III] with a phosphoric acid compound selected from the group consisting of UMP, UDP, UTP and a pyrophosphoric acid or a salt thereof (excluding UTP free) in water or a hydrophilic organic solvent, in the presence of a metal ion selected from the group consisting of an iron (II) ion, an iron (III) ion, a trivalent aluminum ion, a trivalent lanthanum ion, and a trivalent cerium ion. where, in the formula [II], R1 represents a uridyl group binding to the 5?-position, X represents a heterocyclic group, and n represents an integer of 1 or 2, where, in the formula [III], X represents a heterocyclic group selected from the group consisting of an imidazolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, and a 1,2,4-triazolyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleosides and oligonucleotides comprising a 5? phosphate mimics of formula (IVc) or (Vc), One aspect of the present invention relates to modified nucleosides and oligonucleotides comprising such dinucleotide of formula (Ia). Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of inhibiting the expression of a gene in call, the method comprising (a) contacting an oligonucleotide of the invention with the cell; and (b) maintaining the cell from step (a) for a time sufficient to obtain degradation of the mRNA of the target gene.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the purification of isoidide. The methods comprise subjecting an at least partially deionized isoidide composition comprising isoidide and other isohexides to chromatographic separation of isoidide from other isohexides, removal of solvent from the isoidide, and crystallization of the isoidide. Isoidide of monomer-grade purity is obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to ceramic materials suitable for use as catalyst support materials, catalysts using such materials and methods for using them, such as methods for converting sugars, sugar alcohols, glycerol, and bio-renewable organic acids to commercially-valuable chemicals and intermediates. One aspect of the invention is a ceramic material including zirconium oxide and one or more metal oxides selected from nickel oxide, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide, the ceramic material being at least about 50 wt. % zirconium oxide. In certain embodiments, the ceramic material is substantially free of any binder, extrusion aid or additional stabilizing agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to processes and systems for the hydrodeoxygenation of an oxygenate feedstock that increases the conversion of oxygenates to hydrocarbons while avoiding detrimental effects resulting from increasing the severity of the hydrodeoxygenation reaction.

Abstract: A process for producing a cellulose derivative, comprising: a first step including reacting a cellulose and a first reactant comprising a long-chain reactant for reacting with a hydroxy group of the cellulose to introduce a long-chain organic group having 5 or more carbon atoms, in a solid-liquid heterogeneous system, to form a cellulose derivative in a swollen state, the cellulose derivative having the long-chain organic group having 5 or more carbon atoms introduced therein and having a part of hydroxy groups of the cellulose remained, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the cellulose derivative as an intermediate; and a second step including reacting the intermediate cellulose derivative and a second reactant comprising a short-chain reactant for reacting with a remaining hydroxy group of the intermediate cellulose derivative to introduce a short-chain organic group having 4 or less carbon atoms to form a final cellulose derivative having the short-chain organic group having 4 or less carbon a

Abstract: Disclosed herein are hydrogel compositions and methods of making hydrogel compositions. Furthermore, methods of specifically capturing and releasing biological materials from a sample using the disclosed hydrogel compositions are disclosed, including methods of utilizing the compositions in microfluidic devices.

Abstract: This invention relates a cellulose solution comprising cellulose and at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate and processes to produce the cellulose solution. Another aspect of this invention relates to shaped articles prepared from a cellulose solution comprising cellulose and at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate. Another embodiment of this invention relates to compositions comprising derivatives of cellulose prepared from a cellulose solution comprising at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate. Another embodiment of this invention relates to compositions comprising regioselectively substituted cellulose esters prepared from a cellulose solution comprising cellulose and at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate. In another embodiment of the invention, the cellulose esters of the present invention are used as protective and compensation films for liquid crystalline displays.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous solution of a methylcellulose having anhydroglucose units joined by 1-4 linkages wherein hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that s23/s26 is 0.36 or less, wherein s23 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups and wherein s26 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups, comprises the step of mixing the methylcellulose with an aqueous liquid at a temperature of not higher than 10° C. at a shear rate of at least 1000 s?1.

Abstract: A method of controlling or adjusting release of an active ingredient from a dosage form comprising the active ingredient and a polysaccharide derivative has been found. The method comprises the steps of a) providing a composition comprising a polysaccharide derivative and a controlled amount of a liquid diluent, based on the dry weight of the polysaccharide derivative, b) subjecting the composition to a dry-grinding operation to provide a dry-ground polysaccharide derivative, and c) incorporating the dry-ground polysaccharide derivative and an active ingredient into a dosage form.

Abstract: A method to produce an aqueous solution of carbohydrates containing C5- and/or C6-sugar-containing oligomers and/or C5- and/or C6-sugar monomers in which biomass or a biomass-derived reactant is reacted with a solvent system having an organic solvent, and organic co-solvent, and water, in the presence of an acid. The method produces the desired product, while a substantial portion of any lignin present in the reactant appears as a precipitate in the product mixture.

Abstract: A reactive extrusion process for the production of substituted polysaccharides, in particular, cellulose acetate, starch acetate, carboxymethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl starch.

Abstract: When a combination of pulps having different alkali metal hydroxide solution absorption rates is as a raw material, contact conditions such as a contact temperature and a contact time have to be changed frequently, depending on the absorption rate of pulps currently processed, thereby causing a problem of reduced productivity. For solving the problem, provided is a method for producing alkali cellulose, comprising at least the steps of: bringing two or more types of pulps having different alkali metal hydroxide solution absorption rates into contact with an alkali metal hydroxide solution to obtain a contact product; and draining the contact product, wherein the highest absorption rate is not more than 4.0 times as fast as the lowest absorption rate.