Abstract: An anionic surfactant of general formula (I) or general formula (II) or mixtures thereof, in which R represents hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl or alkenylaryl group having 5 to 25 C atoms, n represents a number from 1 to 21 and m represents a number from 0 to 20, the sum of n and m being less than 22, and X+ represents a charge-balancing cation. The invention also relates to a mixture of the anionic surfactant of general formula (I) and the anionic surfactant of general formula (II), obtainable by reacting a mixture of 3-hydroxymethylcyclopentanol monoalcoholates having secondary and primary alcoholate functions with an electrophilic alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl, or alkenylaryl derivative and the subsequent sulfation with a sulfating agent and optionally neutralization. The invention further relates to a method for producing the surfactant and to the use of the surfactant.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for the efficient production of antibodies and other multimeric protein complexes (collectively referred to herein as heteromultimeric proteins) capable of specifically binding to more than one target. The targets may be, for example, different epitopes located on a single molecule or located on different molecules.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for making a hydrogel comprising a cell, cell nucleus, or one or more components derived from a cell or cell nucleus. A method for making a hydrogel may comprise providing a cell or cell nucleus, a first polymer, wherein the first polymer comprises a plurality of first crosslink precursors, each of the plurality of first crosslink precursors comprising an azide group; providing a second polymer, wherein the second polymer comprises a plurality of second crosslink precursors, each of the plurality of second crosslink precursors comprising an alkyne group; and crosslinking the first polymer and the second polymer via a reaction between a first section of the first crosslink precursors and a second section of the second crosslink precursors, thereby providing the hydrogel comprising the cell or cell nucleus.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems, devices and methods for the rapid and accurate measurement of analytes by assay of binding events, by direct, digital measurement of individually resolved analyte/reporter binding events. The digital molecular assay systems, devices and methods disclosed herein are capable of particle-by-particle readout using optical reporter molecules that detect and report the binding of a single analyte molecule, and report each such binding in binary format. Such digital molecular assay systems, devices and methods are useful in a variety of applications, such as on mobile electronic devices for use in the field.

Abstract: Described herein are divalent nucleobases that each binds two nucleic acid strands, matched or mismatched when incorporated into a nucleic acid or nucleic acid analog backbone, such as in a ?-peptide nucleic acid (?PNA). Also provided are genetic recognition reagents comprising one or more of the divalent nucleobases and a nucleic acid or nucleic acid analog backbone, such as a ?PNA backbone. Uses for the divalent nucleobases and monomers and genetic recognition reagents containing the divalent nucleobases also are provided.

Abstract: One-step methods for forming phosphate-based enzyme inhibitors are disclosed. Methods include reacting o-phosphorylethanolamine with an acyl chloride at acidic conditions. Acyl chlorides can be derivatized. The phosphate-based enzyme inhibitors can inhibit enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway including D-ribose-5-phosphate aldose-ketose isomerase enzymes such as T. cruzi ribose 5-phosphate isomerase type B and D-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase enzymes. Methods can be used in forming pharmaceutical compositions for use in treatment of disease caused by kinetoplastid parasites including T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania spp.

Abstract: Nucleoside or nucleotide analog compounds having the structure shown below, a method for preparing them, and applications in nucleic acid sequencing are disclosed. The compounds have formula (I): wherein L1, L2, and L3 are each independently a covalent bond or a covalently linked group; B is a base or a base derivative selected from purines, pyrimidines, or analogs thereof; R1 is —OH, a phosphate group, or a nucleotide; R2 as H or a cleavable group; R3 is a detectable group or a targeting group; R5 is an inhibitory group; R4 is H, —NH2, or —OR6, wherein R6 is H or a cleavable group; and C is a cleavable group or a cleavable bond.

Abstract: Provided is a single fluorescent dye based sequencing method. Moreover, the present invention further provide modified nucleosides and nucleotides, and a kit comprising the nucleoside and/or nucleotide, particularly suitable for the sequencing method of the present invention. Additionally, the present invention further provides uses of the nucleoside, the nucleotide and the kit for sequencing.

Abstract: Diaryl-azo derivatives are efficient fluorescence quenchers as well as nucleic acid duplex-stabilizing agents and are useful in oligonucleotide conjugates and probes. The oligonucleotide-quencher conjugates may be used in detection methods for nucleic acid targets.

Abstract: Provided are compounds comprising two DNA supramolecular binding molecules covalently joined by a linker group. Also provided are multisignal labeling reagents comprising (i) an oligomer of nucleotides or nucleotide analogs; (ii) a DNA supramolecular binding molecule noncovalently bound to the oligomer; and (iii) a first reactive group or a first partner of a first binding pair covalently bound to the oligomer. Additionally provided are methods of producing multisignal labeling reagents.

Abstract: Provided are compounds comprising two DNA supramolecular binding molecules covalently joined by a linker group. Also provided are multisignal labeling reagents comprising (i) an oligomer of nucleotides or nucleotide analogs; (ii) a DNA supramolecular binding molecule noncovalently bound to the oligomer; and (iii) a first reactive group or a first partner of a first binding pair covalently bound to the oligomer. Additionally provided are methods of producing multisignal labeling reagents.

Abstract: Light harvesting luminescent multichromophores that are configured upon excitation to transfer energy to, and amplify the emission from, an acceptor signaling chromophore in energy-receiving proximity therewith are provided. Also provided are compositions for labelling a target. The labelling composition may include a donor light harvesting multichromophore and an acceptor signaling chromophore in energy-receiving proximity to the donor light harvesting multichromophore. Also provided is an aqueous composition for labelling a target, including: a donor light harvesting multichromophore; an acceptor signaling chromophore in energy-receiving proximity therewith; and a sensor biomolecule. Methods for using the subject compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a family of dark quenchers, termed Black Hole Quenchers (“BHQs”), that are efficient quenchers of excited state energy but which are themselves substantially non-fluorescent. Also provided are methods of using the BHQs, probes incorporating the BHQs and methods of using the probes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide bisbiotin ligands and related conjugates and methods. The bisbiotin ligands, combined with streptavidin, can be used in the separation, labelling, targeting, and immobilization of biomolecules.

Abstract: The current invention provides for methods and medicaments that apply oligonucleotide molecules complementary only to a repetitive sequence in a human gene transcript, for the manufacture of a medicament for the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a cis-element repeat instability associated genetic disorders in humans. The invention hence provides a method of treatment for cis-element repeat instability associated genetic disorders. The invention also pertains to modified oligonucleotides which can be applied in method of the invention to prevent the accumulation and/or translation of repeat expanded transcripts in cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for detection of target nucleic acid sequences on a solid phase using dual-labeled immobilized probes and its resistance to a 5? to 3? exonuclease activity of a DNA polymerase. Because the label is remained on the solid substrate by resistance to nucleases due to labeling of a base component the internal nucleotide, the present invention requires no consideration of a suitability of position of the label for remaining on the solid substrate. The present invention ensures to minimize background signal by positioning labels at a site on probes suitable to maximize quenching efficiency of the dual label system, since it permits to freely determine the position of the internal label on probes.

Abstract: Provided are compounds comprising two DNA supramolecular binding molecules covalently joined by a linker group. Also provided are multisignal labeling reagents comprising (i) an oligomer of nucleotides or nucleotide analogs; (ii) a DNA supramolecular binding molecule noncovalently bound to the oligomer; and (iii) a first reactive group or a first partner of a first binding pair covalently bound to the oligomer. Additionally provided are methods of producing multisignal labeling reagents.

Abstract: The present teachings generally relate to fluorescent dyes, linkable forms of fluorescent dyes, energy transfer dyes, reagents labeled with fluorescent dyes and uses thereof.

Abstract: Dimeric and trimeric nucleic acid dyes, and associated systems and methods are provided. Such a dye may form a hairpin-like structure that enables it to stain nucleic acids via a release-on-demand mechanism, for example. Such a dye may have low background fluorescence in the absence of nucleic acids and high fluorescence in the presence of nucleic acids, upon binding therewith, for example. A dye provided herein may be useful in a variety of applications, such as in DNA quantitation in real-time PCR, for example.

Abstract: Labeled reactant compositions, and particularly labeled nucleic acid reaction compositions that include structural components including double-stranded nucleic acids. In some embodiments, the structural components maintain potentially damaging labeling components sufficiently distal from the reactant portion of the molecule such that damaging effects of the label group on other reaction components, such as enzymes, are reduced, minimized and/or eliminated.

Abstract: In summary, the present invention concerns a method for multiple orthogonal labelling of oligonucleotides, preferably RNA or DNA, by simultaneously performing the inverse Diels-Alder reaction (DAinv) and the copper-catalyzed click reaction (CuAAC), wherein the method is employed in a single step by just adding the different reaction components together and incubating the aqueous reaction mixture preferably for one hour at room temperature. In detail, the reaction components are one or more N3-modified labels, a copper compound, a stabilizing ligand, a reducing agent and one or more electron-deficient label-modified dienes that are added together with an at least double-modified oligonucleotide having one more nucleotides containing one or more N3-reactive groups and one or more electron-rich dienophiles, wherein a terminal alkyne moiety is preferably used as N3-reactive group(s) and a frans-cyclooctene moiety or norbornene is preferably used as electron-rich dienophile(s), more preferably frans-cyclooctene.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for nucleotide analogs comprising protein shields for improving enzyme photostability in single molecule real time sequencing. Nucleotide analogs of the invention have a protein shield between the dye moieties and nucleotide moieties of the analog. The protein prevents the direct interaction of the dye moiety with the enzyme carrying out nucleotide synthesis preventing photodamage to the enzyme. The nucleotide analogs of the invention can have multiple dyes and multiple nucleotide moieties.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions, including, without limitation, algorithms, computer readable media, computer programs, apparatus, and systems for determining the identity of nucleic acids in nucleotide sequences using, for example, data obtained from sequencing by synthesis methods. The methods of the invention include correcting one or more phenomena that are encountered during nucleotide sequencing, such as using sequencing by synthesis methods. These phenomena include, without limitation, sequence lead, sequence lag, spectral crosstalk, and noise resulting from variations in illumination and/or filter responses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a family of dark quenchers, termed Black Hole Quenchers (“BHQs”), that are efficient quenchers of excited state energy but which are themselves substantially non-fluorescent. Also provided are methods of using the BHQs, probes incorporating the BHQs and methods of using the probes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compounds for detection of molecular targets, such as biological or chemical molecules, or molecular structures, in samples using a host of experimental schemes for detecting and visualizing such targets, e.g. immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH), ELISA, Southern, Northern, and Western blotting, etc.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to new polymethine compounds and their use as fluorescent labels. The compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Abstract: To identify conserved and variable regions of the 16 S rRNA, an instant evolution experiment was performed on the entire 16 S rRNA. Analysis of these mutants identified regions that are required for function. These conserved sequences may be used as targets for pharmaceuticals that are taxonomically specific and which are refractory to the development of drug resistance.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel class of cyanine dyes that are functionalized with sulfonic acid groups and a linker moiety that facilitates their conjugation to other species and substituent groups which increase the water-solubility, and optimize the optical properties of the dyes. Also provided are conjugates of the dyes, methods of using the dyes and their conjugates and kits including the dyes and their conjugates.

Abstract: Oligonucleotides with a novel sugar-phosphate backbone containing at least one 2?-arabino-fluoronucleoside and an internucleoside 3?-NH—P(—O)(OR)—O-5? linkage, where R is a positively charged counter ion or hydrogen, and methods of synthesizing and using the inventive oligonucleotides are provided. The inventive phosphoramidate 2?-arabino-fluorooligonucleotides have a high RNA binding affinity to complementary nucleic acids and are base and acid stable.

Abstract: Provided are novel nucleotides, nucleoside, and their derivatives described herein, that can be used in DNA sequencing technology and other types of DNA analysis. In one embodiment, the nucleotide or nucleoside with an unprotected 3?-OH group is derivatized at the nucleobase to include a fluorescent dye attached via a linker to a photocleavable terminating group. The photocleavable-fluorescent group is designed to terminate DNA synthesis as well as be cleaved so that DNA oligomers can be sequenced efficiently in a parallel format. The design of such rapidly cleavable fluorescent groups on nucleotides and nucleosides can enhance the speed and accuracy of sequencing of large oligomers of DNA in parallel, to allow rapid whole genome sequencing, and the identification of polymorphisms and other valuable genetic information, as well as allowing further manipulation and analysis of nucleic acid molecules in their native state following cleavage of the fluorescent group.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for determining the presence of immobilized nucleic acid employing unsymmetrical cyanine dyes that are derivatives of thiazole orange, a staining solution and select fluorogenic compounds that are characterized as being essentially non-genotoxic. The methods comprise immobilizing nucleic acid, single or double stranded DNA, RNA or a combination thereof, on a solid or semi solid support, contacting the immobilized nucleic acid with an unsymmetrical cyanine dye compound and then illuminating the immobilized nucleic acid with an appropriate wavelength whereby the presence of the nucleic acid is determined. The cyanine dye compounds are typically present in an aqueous staining solution comprising the dye compound and a tris acetate or tris borate buffer wherein the solution facilitates the contact of the dye compound and the immobilized nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combinations of fluorescent dyes used in molecular biology, particularly in multiplex PCR. In particular, the present invention relates to a combination of dyes for amplification reactions, wherein at least four different dyes are used, wherein the first dye is 5-FAM or 6-FAM or a blend thereof, the second dye is selected from the group consisting of DY-530, HEX, CAL Fluor Orange 560 and ATTO 532, the third dye is selected from the group consisting of ATTO 550, DY-555 and DY-556, the fourth dye is selected from the group consisting of ROX, DY-510XL and ATTO 565, and optionally a fifth dye is selected from the group consisting of DY 632 and DY-520XL.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel peptides capable of binding to action. The peptides are useful in methods for detecting actin in vitro or in living cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a family of dark quenchers, termed Black Hole Quenchers (“BHQs”), that are efficient quenchers of excited state energy but which are themselves substantially non-fluorescent. Also provided are methods of using the BHQs, probes incorporating the BHQs and methods of using the probes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to diaminophenothiazinium derivatives of formula (I); in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and X? are as defined in Claim 1, and also the methods for labelling oligonucleotides using such a derivative, labeling substrates and the oligonucleotides which can be obtained by means of such methods or from such labelling substrates.

Abstract: FRET-labeled compounds are provided for use in analytical reactions. In certain embodiments, FRET-labeled nucleotide analogs are used in place of naturally occurring nucleoside triphosphates or other analogs in analytical reactions comprising nucleic acids, for example, template-directed nucleic acid synthesis, DNA sequencing, RNA sequencing, single-base identification, hybridization, binding assays, and other analytical reactions.

Abstract: A composition comprising an oligonucleotide having the structure 5?-Y1-L1-X-L2-Y2-3?. Y1 comprises a sequence of one or more DNA or RNA nucleotides, including a first nucleotide N1 having a 3? phosphate covalently linked to L1. Y2 comprises a sequence of one or more DNA or RNA nucleotides, including a second nucleotide N2 having a 5? phosphate covalently linked to L2. L1 and L2 each independently are a direct bond or a C1-C7 alkyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, heteroalkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, alkylaryl, or alkoxyl group. X is R1 is a hydrogen or a C1-C8 alkyl. M is a label or ligand comprising a fused polycyclic aromatic moiety.

Abstract: Labeled reactant compositions, and particularly labeled nucleic acid reaction compositions, that include structural components that maintain potentially damaging labeling components sufficiently distal from the reactant portion of the molecule such that damaging effects of the label group on other reaction components, such as enzymes, are reduced, minimized and/or eliminated.

Abstract: Methods of using dyes and associated technology are provided. A dye, such as a monomeric dye or a dimeric dye, may be used in a nucleic acid gel staining application and/or a nucleic acid detection application. A dimeric dye, such as a dimeric dye capable of forming a hairpin-like structure, may be used to stain and/or detect nucleic acids via a release-on-demand mechanism. A dimeric dye having low background fluorescence in the absence of nucleic acids and high fluorescence in the presence of nucleic acids, upon binding therewith, may be used to stain and/or detect nucleic acids. Buffers comprising a weak acid and a salt of the weak acid, such as a lithium salt, are also provided to allow for effective prestaining of nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to new polymethine compounds and their use as fluorescent labels. The compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to reporter compositions which are synthetic nucleotides that comprise nucleotides with a high charge mass moiety attached thereto via a linker molecule. The linker molecules can vary in length in part to enable the high charge mass moiety to extend out from a DNA polymerase complex so that polymerization may not be influenced.

Abstract: Oligonucleotide chemistry is central to the advancement of core technologies such as DNA sequencing, forensic and genetic analysis and has impacted greatly on the discipline of molecular biology. Oligonucleotides and their analogues are essential tools in these areas. They are often produced by automated solid-phase phosphoramidite synthesis but it is difficult to synthesize long DNA and RNA sequences by this method. Methods are proposed for ligating oligonucleotides together, in particular the use of an azide-alkyne coupling reaction to ligate the backbones of oligonucleotides together to form longer oligonucleotides that can be synthesized using current phosphoramidite synthesis methods.

Abstract: Nucleic acid compositions, methods of making and using such compositions that comprise modular functional groups that can be configured to provide desired functionality to different nucleotide types, through a swappable and preferably non-covalent linkage component. Such compositions are useful in a variety of applications including nucleic acid analyses.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and articles of manufacture for assaying a sample for a target polynucleotide are provided. A sample suspected of containing the target polynucleotide is contacted with a polycationic multichromophore and a sensor polynucleotide complementary to the target polynucleotide. The sensor polynucleotide comprises a signaling chromophore to receive energy from the excited multichromophore and increase emission in the presence of the target polynucleotide. The methods can be used in multiplex form. Kits comprising reagents for performing such methods are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting a primer extension product in a reaction mixture. In the subject methods, a primer extension reaction is conducted in the presence of a polymerase having 3??5? exonuclease activity and at least one FET labeled oligonucleotide probe that includes a 3??5? exonuclease resistant quencher domain. Also provided are systems and kits for practicing the subject methods. The subject invention finds use in a variety of different applications, and are particularly suited for use in high fidelity PCR based reactions, including SNP detection applications, allelic variation detection applications, and the like.

Abstract: The inventors have developed a rapid and sensitive fluorescence-based assay to quantify dNTPs. This assay relies on the principle that incorporation of a limiting dNTP is required for primer-extension and polymerase-mediated 5-3? exonuclease hydrolysis of a quenched fluorophore-labeled probe resulting in fluorescence. The concentration of limiting dNTPs is directly proportional to the fluorescence generated. This assay has important applications in research that investigates the influence of pathological conditions or pharmacological agents on dNTP biosynthesis and regulation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to new polymethine compounds and their use as fluorescent labels. The compounds may be used as fluorescent labels for nucleotides in nucleic acid sequencing applications.

Abstract: This invention provides a nucleotide analogue comprising (i) a base selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil, (ii) a deoxyribose, (iii) an allyl moiety bound to the 3?-oxygen of the deoxyribose and (iv) a fluorophore bound to the base via an allyl linker, and methods of nucleic acid sequencing employing the nucleotide analogue.

Abstract: Nucleic acid labeling compounds are disclosed. The compounds are synthesized by condensing a heterocyclic derivative with a cyclic group (e.g. a ribofuranose derivative). The labeling compounds are suitable for enzymatic attachment to a nucleic acid, either terminally or internally, to provide a mechanism of nucleic acid detection.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and reagents for detecting minute amounts of targets having affinity for nucleic acid. The present invention more particularly relates to target detection using aggregates of cationic polymer chains and nucleic acid capture probes linked to particles, such as controllable mobility particles.