Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, nanometer-scale reversible electronic switches are provided that can be assembled to make cross-bar circuits that provide memory, logic, and communications functions. The electronic switches, or crossed-wire devices, comprise a pair of crossed wires that form a junction where one wire crosses another at an angle other than zero degrees and at least one connector species connecting the pair of crossed wires in the junction. The junction has a functional dimension in nanometers, wherein at least one connector species and the pair of crossed wires forms an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, nanometer-scale reversible electronic switches are provided that can be assembled to make cross-bar circuits that provide memory, logic, and communications functions. The electronic switches, or crossed-wire devices, comprise a pair of crossed wires that form a junction where one wire crosses another at an angle other than zero degrees and at least one connector species connecting the pair of crossed wires in the junction. The junction has a functional dimension in nanometers, wherein at least one connector species and the pair of crossed wires forms an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel acridine derivatives of formula 1, to their preparation and to their use as medicaments, in particular for treating tumors.

Abstract: The instant invention discloses a process for the preparation of compounds of formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention relates-to compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: A phenothiazine, acridan, acridone oxime, acridone hydrazone and dibenzodiazepine derivative represented by formula (I) 1

Abstract: The invention provides a compound, useful as an optical probe or sensor of the activity of at least one cytochrome P450 enzyme, and methods of using the compound to screen candidate drugs, and candidate drugs identified by these methods.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I), wherein the general symbols are as defined in claim 1, which process comprises reacting a compound of formula (V), wherein the general symbols are as defined in claim 1, with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to squaraine dye containing terminal aminoanthracene or acridine groups and to a process for preparation thereof.

Abstract: Fluoroionophores that are functionalised with reactive groups and correspond to the formula I—R1—F—R2—G, wherein I is a monovalen residue of an ionophore, wherein F is a divalent residue of a fluorophore, wherein G is a functional group and R1 and R2 are each independently of the other a direct bond or a bridging group. The fluoroionophores may be covalently bound to carrier materials and are used as active components in polymer membranes of optical sensors for the detection of ions. The sensors are distinguished by a long usable life and a high degree of sensitivity.

Abstract: A compound for use as a chemiluminescent label in immunoassay comprises an aryl acridinium ester linked to an N-succinimidyl moiety. The compound is conveniently linked to a monoclonal antibody or other protein and is used in a two-site immunoassay for the quantitation of an antigen of interest, by initiation of the luminescent reaction and subsequent measurement of the photonic emission of the immune complex formed during the immunological reaction.

Abstract: Synthetic processes and intermediates are disclosed for the preparation of N-arylacridancarboxylic acid derivatives. The derivatives are esters, thioesters, amides and sulfonimides. A key feature of the processes is the preparation of N-aryl substituted intermediates by formation of a bond between the nitrogen atom of the acridan ring and a carbon atom of another aromatic or heteroaromatic ring compound. The arylation reaction is catalyzed by a palladium catalyst. The N-arylacridancarboxylic acid derivatives are useful in methods for producing light and in assays for peroxidase enzymes and enzyme inhibitors and in assays employing enzyme-labeled specific binding pairs.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel methoximinophenylacetamides, to a process for their preparation and to their use as fungicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention relates-to compounds of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: This application relates to long-wavelength acridinium compounds having electron-donating groups, which may either be: (a) Part of an extended conjugation system attached by appropriate functional groups to the acridinium nucleus, with coplanarity of the attached functional group and the acridone moiety during light emission (geometry requirement), said functional group consisting of at least one aromatic ring and one electron-donating atom or group with an extra pair of electrons which can readily delocalize into the extended &pgr; system to which the heteroatom is directly attached or built into, and establish stable extended resonance with the electron-withdrawing carbonyl moiety of the light emitting acridone.

Abstract: A compound of formula 1a which is useful for treating reperfusion injury, and salts, prodrugs, and related compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating raf mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) 1

Abstract: Novel heterocyclic compounds which generate chemiluminescence on reaction with a phosphatase enzyme are provided as well as a process for their preparation and intermediates useful therein. The compounds comprise a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur-containing heterocyclic ring system bearing an exocyclic carbon—carbon double bond. The double bond is further substituted at the distal carbon with a phosphate group and an oxygen or sulfur atom-containing group. Novel compositions further comprising a cationic aromatic compound (CAC) in addition to the heterocyclic phosphate compound are provided. The addition of the CAC in the composition greatly increases the production of chemiluminescence and provides improved detection sensitivity. Compositions further comprising an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant provide additional improvements in detection sensitivity.

Abstract: A water-soluble fluorescent intercalator compound having the formula:

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds of formula I which may be useful in hyperpolarizing cell membranes, opening potassium channels, relaxing smooth muscle cells, and inhibiting bladder contractions.

Abstract: A double- or single-stranded oligonucleotide comprising one or more respectively inter- or intra-oligonucleotide covalent cross-linkages, wherein the or each covalent linkage consists of an amide bond between a primary amine group of one strand and a carboxyl group of the other strand or the same strand, respectively, said primary amine group being directly substituted in the 2′ position of the strand nucleotide monosaccharide ring, and said carboxyl group being carried by an aliphatic spacer group substituted on a nucleotide or nucleotide analog of the other strand or the same strand, respectively. A method for preparing such oligonucleotides, and nucleotide or non-nucleotide synthons useful for preparing an oligonucleotide of the above kind, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonistic composition, which comprises an optionally substituted condensed-bicyclic compound consisting of a homo or hetero 5 to 7 membered ring and a homo or hetero 5 to 7 membered ring is effective as a propylactic or therapeutic agent for the prevention or treatment of several hormone dependent diseases, for example, a sex hormone dependent cancer (e.g. prostatic cancer, cancer of uterine cervix, breast cancer, pituitary adenoma), benign prostatic hypertrophy, myoma of the uterus, endometriosis, precocious puberty, amenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and acne vulgaris; is effective as a fertility controlling agent in both sexes (e.g.

Abstract: Disclosed are SH-labeling reagents containing acridine compounds represented by the following formula (I): wherein A represents the following group: —(CH2)m1— or —(CH2)m2—Q—(CH2)n— in which Q represents a group —S+RX−—, a group —N+RR1X−— wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group, a group wherein R2 and R3 may be the same or different and are each independently a group —(CH2)k— (k: a number of 1 to 3) or —O(CH2CH2O)l— (l: a number of 1 to 3), m1 stands for a number of 1 to 6, m2 denotes a number of 0 to 2, n means a number of 1 to 2; R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group; and X− represents an anion, or intermediates thereof; preparation processes of the acridine compounds; and methods for labeling analytes by using the compounds.

Abstract: Xanthan esters and acridans are substrates for horseradish peroxidase. These stable, enzymatically cleavable chemiluminescent esters are substrates for horseradish peroxidase which, together with peroxide is among the extensively used enzyme in enzyme-linked detection methods, including immunoassays, oligonucleotide detection and nucleic acid hybridization. The novel compounds are used, together with peroxide, alkali and the peroxidase, to indicate the presence and/or concentration of target compounds. The assays may be enhanced by the use of polymeric quaternary onium enhancement compounds or similar compounds selected to enhance the chemiluminescence emitted.

Abstract: The invention relates to new and known tricyclic dione derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## and to their salts which are inhibitors of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in the treatment and prophylaxis of infections caused by herpes simplex virus.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I), methods for their preparation, pharmaceutical formulations and use thereof.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent labeling compounds and chemiluminescent labeled conjugates are provided. The compounds comprise an acridan ring bearing an exocyclic double bond and further contain a labeling substituent which permits attachement to compounds of interest. The novel chemiluminescent compounds and labeled conjugates generated chemiluminescence rapidly after undergoing a reaction with an acid, an oxidant and a base. The compounds and conjugates are useful in assays of an analyte in a sample and in assays employing labeled specific binding pairs.

Abstract: A compound which is a bis(acridinecarboxamide) or bis(phenazinecarboxamide) derivative of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each X, which may be the same or different in a given molecule, is --CH.dbd. or --N.dbd. each of R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 which may be the same or different, H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, OH, SH, NH.sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, aryloxy, NHR, N(R).sub.2, SR, SO.sub.2 R wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, CF.sub.3, NO.sub.2 or halogen, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form a methylenedioxy group; each of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be the same or different, is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; Z is (CH.sub.2).sub.n, (CH.sub.2).sub.n O(CH.sub.2).sub.n, (CH.sub.2).sub.n N(R.sub.7)(CH.sub.2).sub.n, (CH.sub.2).sub.n N(R.sub.7)(CH.sub.2).sub.m N(R.sub.7)(CH.sub.2).sub.n or (CH.sub.2).sub.n N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.2 N(CH.sub.2).sub.n wherein R.sub.7 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for producing an acridine carboxamide of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different, is H or an organic subsituent, x is from 1 to 6 and Y is N(R)2 wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Novel heterocyclic compounds which generate chemiluminescence on reaction with a phosphatase enzyme are provided as well as a process for their preparation and intermediates useful therein. The compounds comprise a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur-containing heterocyclic ring system bearing an exocyclic carbon-carbon double bond. The double bond is further substituted at the distal carbon with a phosphate group and an oxygen or sulfur atom-containing group.Novel compositions further comprising a cationic aromatic compound (CAC) in addition to the heterocyclic phosphate compound are provided. The addition of the CAC in the composition greatly increases the production of chemiluminescence and provides improved detection sensitivity. Compositions further comprising an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant provide additional improvements in detection sensitivity.

Abstract: A method of treating neoplastic disease wherein a patient in need of such treatment is administered an effective amount of a radiation-activated cytotoxin prodrug (RACP) which has low toxicity, which is reducible by reducing agents generated by the radiolysis of water and which, upon reduction, releases a sufficient amount of a cytotoxic effector of sufficient cytotoxic potency to kill tumor cells. The tumor cells are irradiated with ionizing radiation to reduce the prodrug which is present at the locus of the tumor cells to release the cytotoxic effector.

Abstract: The present invention provides certain novel compounds, compositions, and a method of treating a mammal by blocking its adenosine receptors comprising administering at least one compound of the present invention. Examples of the present inventive compounds include certain flavonoids of formulae (I) and (II), wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined in the description, and M is --CH(OH)--CH(R.sub.2)-- or --C(OH).dbd.C(R.sub.2)-- and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 are as defined in the description; or dihydropyridines of formula (III), wherein R.sub.2 to R.sub.6 are as defined in the description; or pyridines of formula (IV), wherein R.sub.2 to R.sub.6 are as defined in the description, or triazoloquinazolines of formula (V), wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the description; and their derivatives, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel N-substituted azaheterocyclic compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and r are as defined in the detailed part of the present description, or salts thereof, to methods for their preparation, to compositions containing them, and to their use for the clinical treatment of painful, hyperalgesic and/or inflammatory conditions in which C-fibers play a pathophysiological role by eliciting neurogenic pain or inflammation as well as their use for treatment of indications caused by or related to the secretion and circulation of insulin antagonising peptides, e.g. non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and ageing-associated obesity.

Abstract: Heterocyclic-substituted tricyclics of the formula ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: the single dotted line represents an optional double bond;the double dotted line represents an optional single bond;n is 0-2;Q is optionally substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl;Het is an optionally substituted mono-, bi- or tricyclic heteroaromatic group;B is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n3 --, wherein n.sub.3 is 0-5, --CH.sub.2 --O--, --CH.sub.2 S--, --CH.sub.2 --NR.sup.6 --, --C(O)NR.sup.6 --. --NR.sup.6 C(O)--, ##STR2## optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl; X is --O-- or --NR.sup.6 -- when the double dotted line represents a single bond, or X is --OH or --NHR.sup.20 when the bond is absent;Y is .dbd.O, .dbd.S, (H, H), (H, OH) or (H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy) when the double dotted line represents a single bond, or when the bond is absent, Y is .dbd.O, (H, H), (H, OH), (H, SH) or (H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy);R.sup.

Abstract: Novel heterocyclic compounds which generate chemiluminescence on reaction with a phosphatase enzyme are provided as well as a process for their preparation and intermediates useful therein. The compounds comprise a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur-containing heterocyclicring system bearing an exocyclic carbon-carbon double bond. The double bond is further substituted at the distal carbon with a phosphate group and an oxygen or sulfur atom-containing group. Novel compositions further comprising a cationic aromatic compound (CAC) in addition to the heterocyclic phosphate compound are provided. The addition of the CAC in the composition greatly increases the production of chemiluminescence and provides improved detection sensitivity. Compositions further comprising an anionic surfactant and a non-ionic surfactant provide additional improvements in detection sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide an easy method for detecting a nucleic acid polymer in aqueous phase.The present invention provides a method for detecting the amount of nucleic acid polymer, which comprises the steps of modifying an intercalator to be amphiphilic by using a hydrophobic group, spreading the amphiphilic intercalator on an aqueous solution containing a nucleic acid polymer to form a monolayer of said nucleic acid polymer and said amphiphilic intercalator at the gas-water interface, and measuring surface pressures per unit area of said monolayer.

Abstract: New acridinium compounds are provided which comply with formula 1, whereinA is a divalent organic moiety, such as an alkylene chain,X is a group which can be transformed together with C-9 of the acridine into a dioxetane by reaction with hydrogen peroxide, such as an aryloxy group,Y is a counter ion, andZ is a functional group, such as a carboxyl derivative.These acridinium compounds are useful as chemiluminogenic labels for both heterogeneous and homogeneous immunoassays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of cyanine dyes with their methine chain showing group (M) and the charge compensation occuring by linked end groups through transformation of cationic cyanine dyes comprising group (D) with CH-acid compounds of the following formula (I) B.sub.1 --CH.sub.2 --B.sub.2 in an inert solvent, the substituents having the significance given in the description.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, Q.sup.3, Q.sup.4, and Q.sup.5 have any of the meanings given in the specification, their N-oxides, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are nonpeptide antagonists of SP and NKA are useful for the treatment of asthma, etc. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

Abstract: The invention relates to new and known tricyclic dione derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## wherein W represents hydrogen or lower alkyl;X represents lower alkyl;Y represents NR1;R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl-lower alkyl;Z represents aryl or heteroaryl optionally substituted by one or more halo, cyano, nitro, lower alkyl, halo-lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, halo-lower alkoxy, COR.sup.2, OCOR.sup.2, CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, OR.sup.2, S(O).sub.n R.sup.2, NR.sup.2 R.sup.3, N(R.sup.4)COR.sup.5, Ar, Ar-lower alkyl, Het or Het-lower alkyl substituents and/or on adjacent carbon atoms by lower alkylenedioxy;R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each individually represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, Ar, Ar-lower alkyl, Het or Het-lower alkyl substituents; or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together represent the group --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- or --CH.dbd.N--CH.dbd.

Abstract: New isoquinoline derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Ar is an aromatic ring which may be substituted, and n shows 0, 1 or 2, have an inhibitory activity against apoptotic neuronal cell death. These compounds are useful for agents of prevention and treatment of neuronal neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral ischemic injury such as stroke, and peripheral neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: Certain novel substituted (5,6)-dihydroanthracenyl compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein A, n, p, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are as defined in the specification exhibit retinoid-like properties and are particularly useful in the prevention of post-surgical adhesions.

Abstract: A novel colorant compound is provided which is the addition product of an organic chromophore having at least one reactive hydroxyl or amine substituent, a polyisocyanate, and a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, or salt of either thereof. The polyisocyanate, added in a molar excess relative to the number of such reactive substituents, reacts with the reactive hydroxyl or amine groups to provide terminal isocyanate groups. Subsequently, the carboxylic acid or salt thereof, also added in an amount excessive in relation to the number of terminal isocyanate groups, reacts therewith to from urethane moieties on the colorant. Such a compound provides excellent ink compositions upon dilution and are very soluble within all the standard ink diluents. Furthermore, such colorants provide good jettability, waterfastness, washfastness, and the like, within ink-jet applications on various types of printing substrates.

Abstract: A process for removing aromatic heterocyclic compounds from a product-containing solution, in particular a protein solution, by bringing the solution into contact with a support material. The process is preferably carried out following a virus inactivation with acridine or acridine derivatives and makes it possible to remove these virus-inactivating agents from the solution without there being any significant product losses or changes in the biological activity of the solution.

Abstract: A light emitting method of an acridinium ester, comprising reacting said acridinium ester and a superoxide anion, and a method of detecting a substance to be examined, comprising detecting a light emitted by reacting a superoxide anion with an acridinium ester used as a label are described. It is possible to carry out the reaction not under strongly alkaline conditions but around the neutral point and to generate strong luminescence which is stable over a long period of time.

Abstract: Novel tricyclic heterocyclic sulfonamide derivatives and sulfonic ester derivatives which have each an antitumor action and are represented by the following general formula (I) and processes for producing the same are provided. These compounds have each an excellent antitumor activity.A sulfonamide derivative or a sulfonic ester derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## {G represents an aromatic 5- or 6-membered ring; L represents 0 or --N(R.sup.1)-- (R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or lower alky); and M represents a tricyclic structure selected from among the following ones; ##STR2## ?rings A and B represent each an unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring; X represents N(R.sup.2), (wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or lower alkyl), or NHCO;Y represents O, S(O).sub.n, C(R.sup.3)(R.sup.4), C(O), N(R.sup.5), CH(R.sup.6)CH(R.sup.7), C(R.sup.8).dbd.C(R.sup.9), N(R.sup.10)C(O), N.dbd.C(R.sup.11), OCH(R.sup.12), S(O).sub.n CH(R.sup.13) or N(R.sup.14)CH(R.sup.15);Z represents nitrogen or C(R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for simultaneously or sequentially detecting multiple nucleic acid analytes in a single medium utilizing oligonucleotide hybridization probes coupled to different chemiluminescent labeling reagents. The methods may be used in a heterogeneous, homogeneous or non-homogeneous assay system. The invention also relates to specific combinations of chemiluminescent labeling reagents suitable, when coupled to an oligonucleotide probe, for use together in methods for the detection of multiple nucleic acid analytes. The invention also concerns kits useful in these methods.