Abstract: A method for the preparation of .beta.-amino acid compounds is provided. The method includes contacting an amine nucleophile with an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated amide compound in the presence of a chiral Lewis acid complex. The chiral Lewis acid complex is formed from an azophilic metal salt and a chiral bisoxazolinylmethane compound. The selective amidolysis of one enantiomer of the .beta.-aminoamide product is also described.

Abstract: N-heterocyclic compounds I ##STR1## or their salts or N-oxides, wherein A is an N-heterocycle selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## R.sup.1 -R.sup.6, R.sup.24 -R.sup.26 are hydrogen, cyano, nitro, halogen, aminocarbonyl, methylsulfonyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryl or aryloxy;m is 0, 1 or 2;Alk is optionally substituted 1,2-ethylidene, 1,3-propylidene cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl;X is oxygen or sulfur;Q is optionally substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or arylalkyl;their manufacture and suitable intermediates therefore, as well as compositions comprising them and their use for controlling harmful fungi.

Abstract: The present invention provides certain novel compounds, compositions, and a method of treating a mammal by blocking its adenosine receptors comprising administering at least one compound of the present invention. Examples of the present inventive compounds include certain flavonoids of formulae (I) and (II), wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined in the description, and M is --CH(OH)--CH(R.sub.2)-- or --C(OH).dbd.C(R.sub.2)-- and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 are as defined in the description; or dihydropyridines of formula (III), wherein R.sub.2 to R.sub.6 are as defined in the description; or pyridines of formula (IV), wherein R.sub.2 to R.sub.6 are as defined in the description, or triazoloquinazolines of formula (V), wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the description; and their derivatives, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Copolymers containing N-vinyllactam derivatives protected at 3-position are provided and represented by the following formula. The copolymers are used as a photoresist material suitable for deep uv process so that high sensitivity and resolution can be obtained. In addition, ultrafine circuits can be formed and an exceptional improvement in PED stability can be accomplished by use of the photoresist.

Abstract: The present invention discloses peptide aldehydes which are potent and specific inhibitors of thrombin, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using them as therapeutic agents for disease states in mammals characterized by abnormal thrombosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of N-substituted lactams by reaction of a lactam, which is unsubstituted on the nitrogen, with an organic halide in the presence of at least one solid-liquid phase transfer catalyst, such as a quaternary ammonium salt, and of at least one solid inorganic base, such as an alkali metal hydroxide, and in the absence of solvent. By this process, N-substituted lactams are obtained with good yields and high purity. The absence of solvent makes possible a considerable gain in productivity and an improvement in safety and in regard for the environment.

Abstract: New compounds useful as bleach activators as well as new percarboxylic acids, which may be formed as intermediates upon reaction of such activators with peroxygen bleach source in aqueous solution, include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic groups. Preferred activators are symmetrical derivatives of dibasic carboxylic acids, having N,N'diacyl N-heterocyclic groups usually lactams. They are produced by reaction of 2 moles of the lactam with one mole of dibasic acid chloride or anhydride.

Abstract: Triene-containing compounds which mimic the chemical and/or biological activity of the spongistatins are provided, as are methods and intermediates useful in their preparation.

Abstract: A process for producing an N-vinyllactam by reacting a lactam with acetylene in the presence of a particular catalyst (an alkali metal alcoholate between an alicyclic alcohol and an alkali metal) in a nonaqueous system at an acetylene partial pressure of 0 to 10 kg/cm.sup.2 .multidot.G.In the above process, the vinylation of lactam with acetylene is conducted at a low acetylene partial pressure in one step while the formation of by-product is kept minimum, whereby a high conversion and a high selectivity of lactam can be achieved.

Abstract: A process for preparing piperid-2-one by reacting polymers of delta-valerolactone having a molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000 with ammonia under an inert atmosphere at temperatures of from 250 to 500.degree. C. and pressures of from 30 to 500 bar in valerolactone or in an inert solvent thereby avoiding the use of any special catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition containing the reaction product of:(A) a cyclic compound containing a 5, 6, or 7-member ring, the ring containing at least one nitrogen and at least one carbonyl group, at least one carbonyl group being adjacent to at least one said nitrogen;(B) an aldehyde or ketone of 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, or a reactive equivalent thereof; and(C) an etheramine represented by the formulaR.sup.4 (O(CH.sub.2 CH(R)O).sub.n --R.sup.3 --NH.sub.2).sub.y(C-I)wherein in formula (C-I), each n independently is a number from 0 to about 50; each R independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof; R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbylene groups of about 2 to about 18 carbon atoms and groups represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.5 and each R.sup.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyoxyalkylene derivative substituted with succinimidyl group which comprises reacting a polyoxyalkylene compound having carboxyl group at ends with N-hydroxysuccinimide in an inert solvent in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; dissolving an obtained reaction product into chloroform, an amount by weight of chloroform being 0.5 to 10 times as much as an amount by weight of the polyoxyalkylene compound having carboxyl group at ends; and crystallizing the polyoxyalkylene derivative substituted with succinimidyl group by adding an aliphatic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms to a resultant solution, an amount by weight of the aliphatic hydrocarbon being 2 to 10 times as much as an amount by weight of chloroform. Materials can be handled with safety, and a highly pure polyoxyalkylene derivative substituted with succinimidyl group which does not cause turbidity in an aqueous solution and has an excellent quality as a material for drugs can be produced.

Abstract: An improved process for the catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles. The basic process comprises contacting the nitrile with hydrogen in the presence of a sponge or Raney cobalt catalyst under conditions for effecting conversion of the nitrile group to the primary amine. The improvement in the hydrogenation process resides in effecting the hydrogenation in the presence of a catalytic amount of lithium hydroxide and water. To achieve a catalytic amount of lithium hydroxide, the catalyst may be pretreated with the lithium hydroxide and/or the reaction may be carried out with the lithium hydroxide present in the reaction medium.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention a novel method and composition for using nonionic contrast media to reduce the risk of clot formation in a diagnostic procedure is disclosed. Novel compositions for such method are also disclosed. The present method comprises employing a triiodinated phenyl contrast agent having a heterocyclic group or a dimeric triiodinated phenyl contrast agent having one or more heterocyclic groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydroxy alkyl piperidine compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof which can be used to treat diabetes.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for preparing the azepine intermediates of the formula ##STR1## These intermediates can be reacted with acylmercaptocarboxylic acids of the formula ##STR2## to give the pharmaceutically active products.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing a tertiary amine compound in one step without using any subsidiary raw material or any solvent, by subjecting a secondary amine compound and an alcohol to an intermolecular dehydration reaction in a gas phase. The process uses, as a catalyst, an oxide containing an alkali metal element and/or an alkaline earth metal element and silicon.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds as additives in fuel compositions having a major amount of a mixture of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of one or more cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein x is from 2 to 20 and y is from 1 to 50. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms. R.sub.3 is hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and R.sub.4 is independently hydrocarbyl of 2 to 100 carbon atoms. R.sub.5 is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms or acyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms.The invention is also directed to the use of these cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds for decreasing intake valve deposits, controlling octane requirement increases and reducing octane requirement. The invention is further directed to novel cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of 1-alkyl-3-methylpiperidone-2 and 1-alkyl-5-methylpiperidone-2 from 2-methylglutaronitrile wherein the selectivity of the process to bis-1,5-(methylamido)-3-methylpentane is less than 8%.

Abstract: 3-Substituted 1-arylindole compounds are provided having general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Ar is an optionally substituted aryl group; X represents a divalent hydrocarbon group, methyleneoxy or -thioxo; R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 are hydrogen or other substituents; R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, etc.; R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, etc.; R.sup.8 is alkyl, alkenyl or R.sup.8 represents a group of formula 1a or 1b; wherein n is an integer from 2-8; W is O or S; U is N or CH; Z is (CH.sub.2).sub.m, m being 2 or 3, 1,2-phenylene optionally substituted with halogen or trifluoromethyl, CH.dbd.CH, COCH.sub.2 or CSCH.sub.2 ; V is O, S, CH.sub.2 or NR.sup.10, wherein R.sup.10 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, etc.; U.sup.1 is O, S, CH.sub.2 or a group NR.sup.11, wherein R.sup.11 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, etc.; and V.sup.1 is NR.sup.12 R.sup.13, OR.sup.14, SR.sup.15 or CR.sup.16 R.sup.17 R.sup.18, where R.sup.12 -R.sup.18 are as the R.sup.10 substituents; R.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing compounds having a straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon structure of formula I: ##STR1## In formula I, n is an integer from one to four and m is an integer from four to twenty. Independently, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen, a straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl of up to twenty carbon atoms in length or --(CH.sub.2).sub.w R.sub.5. If R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.w R.sub.5, w may be an integer from one to twenty and R.sub.5 may be an hydroxyl, halo, C.sub.1-8 alkoxyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted carbocycle or heterocycle. Alternatively, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may jointly form a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated heterocycle having from four to eight carbon atoms, N being a hetero atom of the resulting heterocyle. R.sub.3 may be either hydrogen or C.sub.1-3. In the compounds, a total sum of carbon atoms comprising R.sub.1 or R.sub.2, (CH.sub.2).sub.n and (CH.sub.2).sub.m does not exceed forty. R.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to lactam and thiolactam derivatives having useful anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and therapeutic applications using such compositions.

Abstract: N-vinyllactam derivatives protected at the 3-position are provided and represented by the following formula (I). These are polymerized into homo- and copolymers for use in microlithography of semiconductor manufacture. The polymers are used as a photoresist material suitable for a deep UV process so that pictures of high sensitivity and high resolution can be obtained. In addition, ultrafine circuits can be formed and an exceptional improvement in pattern formation can be accomplished through the use of the photoresist of the invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclic lactams by reacting amino carbonitriles with water in liquid phase in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts based on titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and aluminum oxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel HIV protease inhibitors, pharmaceutical formulations containing those compounds and methods of their use.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel and very efficient method for the preparation of an N-vinyl compound such as N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and N-vinyl-N-ethyl acetamide by the thermal decomposition of an N-(.alpha.-acyloxyethyl) compound which is a novel compound obtained by the addition reaction between an NH group-containing compound such as 2-pyrrolidone and N-ethyl acetamide and a vinyl carboxylate, e.g., vinyl acetate, in the presence of an alkali, e.g. alkali metal hydroxide. The reaction mixture after completion of this addition reaction as such, i.e. without isolating the N-(.alpha.-acyloxyethyl) compound, such as N-(.alpha.-acetoxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidone and N-(.alpha.-acetoxyethyl)-N-ethyl acetamide, is heated to effect in situ formation of the desired N-vinyl compound which can then be isolated by distillation under reduced pressure in a very high overall yield.

Abstract: The present invention discloses peptide aldehydes which are potent and specific inhibitors of thrombin, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using them as therapeutic agents for disease states in mammals characterized by abnormal thrombosis.

Abstract: 3,3,5-Trichloroglutarimide is prepared by combining 4-cyano-2,2,4-trichlorobutanoyl chloride with water in an inert organic solvent at a temperature between about 20.degree. C. and about 50.degree. C. to obtain a mixture of 3,3,5-trichloroglutarimide and 3,3,5,6-tetrachloro-5,6-dihydropyridin-2-one. The 3,3,5,6-tetrachloro-5,6-dihydropyridin-2-one is then heated in the presence of water and inert organic solvent to between about 90.degree. C. and about 100.degree. C. to convert the 3,3,5,6-tetrachloro-5,6-dihydropyridin-2-one to 3,3,5-trichloroglutarimide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the dashed line represents an optional covalent bond; X is O, NH, S or a direct link; R.sup.3 is hydroxy when the dashed line does not represent a covalent bond and R.sup.3 is absent when the dashed line represents a covalent bond; R.sup.4 is (a), when X is O, a group of formula (i), (b), when X is O, NH or S, optionally substituted hydroxyphenyl, (c) an optionally substituted 4- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring, or (d), when X is NH, a group of formula (ii). The compounds are useful for the treatment of disease associated with the altered tone or motility of smooth muscle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds that exhibit inhibitory activity against matrix metalloproteases ("MMPs"). Because MMPs are known to play a role in tissue degradation, the compounds of the present invention may be useful in preventing or treating diseases associated with excess MMP activity. In particular, the compounds have a structure according to Formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are various substituents as described in the specification; and Q is an alkyl chain, an alkenyl chain, a heteroalkyl chain, or a heteroalkenyl chain, wherein said chain has 2, 3, or 4 chain atoms and is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more alkyl moieties; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt, or biohydrolyzable alkoxyamide, acyloxyamide, or imide thereof. Preferred are those compounds where Q is an alkyl chain having 2, 3 or 4 chain atoms.

Abstract: Active esters of PEG acids and related polymers are provided that have a single propionic or butanoic acid moiety and no other ester linkages. These polymer acids have a half life in water of from about 10 to 25 minutes. For example, alpha-methoxy, omega-propionic acid succinimidyl ester of PEG ("methoxy-PEG-SPA") has a nearly ideal reactivity with amino groups on proteins and other biologically active substances. The half life of methoxy-PEG-SPA is about 16.5 minutes in water. The invention also provides conjugates with proteins, enzymes, polypeptides, drugs, dyes, nucleosides, oligonucleotides, lipids, phospholipids, liposomes, and surfaces of solid materials that are compatible with living organisms, tissue, or fluid.

Abstract: N-Vinyllactams of the general formula I ##STR1## where n is from 1 to 3, are prepared by a process which comprises reaction of a lactam of the general formula II ##STR2## where n is from 1 to 3, with from 10 to 90 percent by weight of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution with distillation at from 50.degree. to 250.degree. C. and from 1 to 100 mbar and with a residence time of from 0.1 to 5 hours and subsequent reaction with acetylene at from 60.degree. to 250.degree. C. and from 1 to 100 bar.

Abstract: A process for preparing enantiomerically pure lactams of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, H, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, (CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOH with n=0, 1, 2, 3, and X is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, from a racemate of the formula I by. allowing a biocatalyst which selectively converts one enantiomer from I to act on the racemic mixture of I, and isolating the unconverted enantiomer from the resulting mixture of products.

Abstract: Automatic dishwashing detergent compositions, comprising particular quaternary-substituted bleach activators, are provided. More specifically, the invention relates to granular automatic dishwashing detergents which provide enhanced cleaning/bleaching benefits through the selection of quaternary-substituted bleach activators having specific features, such as caprolactam or valerolactam leaving groups and/or the ability to form particular cationic aliphatic peracid structures in solution. Preferred automatic dishwashing compositions comprise amylase enzymes. Included are preferred activator compounds and methods for washing tableware in domestic automatic dishwashing appliances using the activators.

Abstract: Cyclic lactams are prepared by reacting amino carbonitriles with water in liquid phase in a fixed bed reactor in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts which have no soluble constituents under the reaction conditions.

Abstract: Preparation of N-alkenylcarboxamides of the general formula I ##STR1## where at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 is hydrogen and the second radical R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group, the radical R.sup.2 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical which can be bonded to the radical R.sup.3 to give a 3- to 10-membered bridge member, and the radical R.sup.3 is hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, from an alkenyl carboxylate of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 has the meanings indicated above and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, and a carboxamide of the general formula III ##STR3## where the radicals R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the meanings indicated above, by reacting the starting compounds in the presence of a base is described.

Abstract: A retroviral protease inhibiting compound of the formula: ##STR1## is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel guanidino-substituted compounds are described having the following general formula (I): ##STR1## in which X may be carbon, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; R.sub.1 may be H, OH, linear or branched lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower (alkyl-substituted alkoxy), lower alkyl-amine, lower alkyl-thio, hydroxy substituted lower alkoxy, lower alkoxy-alkoxy substituted lower alkoxy, hydroxy substituted lower alkyl-amine, alkoxy substituted lower alkyl-amine and terminally guanidino-substituted linear of branched lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower (alkyl-substituted alkoxy), lower alkyl-amine or lower alkyl-thio; and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently one of linear or branched lower alkyl, alkoxy, alkyl-substituted alkoxy and alkylamine.These compounds have been found to inhibit effectively herpesvirus replication. Particularly preferred compounds in accordance with formula (I) for this purpose are guanidino-substituted sugar derivatives.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is disclosed, as well as processes for and intermediates in the preparation thereof, and a method of antagonizing endothelin.

Abstract: Azo dyes of the formula ##STR1## where D is the radical of a diazo component, andX is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -alkylene,in the form of the free acid or its salts, the use thereof for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic substrates, sulfopyridones as coupling components for these dyes, and a process for preparing them.

Abstract: Proposed are an N-(.alpha.-acyloxyethyl) compound, e.g., (N-(.alpha.-acetoxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidone, which is a novel compound and can be converted into an industrially very important N-vinyl compound, e.g., N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, by a thermal decomposition reaction under relatively mild conditions as well as a method for the preparation of such an N-(.alpha.-acyloxyethyl) compound. The N-(.alpha.-acyloxyethyl) compound can be synthesized in a high yield by the addition reaction of an NH group-containing compound, e.g., 2-pyrrolidone, with a vinyl carboxylate, e.g., vinyl acetate, in the presence of an alkaline compound such as alkali metal hydroxides.

Abstract: A process of synthesizing N-acyl auxiliary compounds is disclosed. A compound of the formula: ##STR1## is reacted with an anhydride in the presence of a lithium salt and an amine base to produce the N-acylated auxiliary.

Abstract: New nonionic radiographic contrast agents having the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is a single bond, ##STR2## R.sub.1, R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl.Hydroxyalkyl refers to such alkyl groups having 1 or more hydroxy groups. Preferred hydroxyalkyl groups include: ##STR3## R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are hydrogen, methyl or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OH or OH and R.sub.6 is alkyl, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OH, OH or hydrogen and may be the same or different than R.sub.5 and m is zero or one, with the proviso that no methylene or methine carbon atom of the heterocyclic ring is attached to both a nitrogen and an oxygen atom with the additional proviso that when Y is a single bond, m is not zero. These new contrast agents are water soluble and have desirable low osmolality and anticoagulant properties.

Abstract: Novel antifungal and antitumor agents having the formula ##STR1## as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, amides and pro-drugs thereof, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of treatment and processes of manufacture relating thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a lactam from an alicyclic ketoxime in the presence of a lactim-O-sulphonic acid and a solvent, the reaction being carried out in the presence of an acid cation exchanger. The invention relates in particular to a process in which the alicyclic ketoxime is represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## where R is a linear or branched alkylidene group containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides cleavable conjugates whose linkers contain a labile bond that is cleavable under a variety of mild conditions, including weakly acidic. Since the agent may be bonded directly to the linker, cleavage can result in release of native agent. The invention also provides methods for producing cleavable conjugates. Preferred agents include drugs, toxins, biological response modifiers, radiodiagnostic compounds, radiotherapeutic compounds, and derivatives thereof. The targeting molecule employed in the invention may be an intact molecule, a fragment thereof, or a functional equivalent thereof. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the targeting molecule is a monoclonal antibody directed towards a tumor-associated antigen in man. The invention further provides methods for delivering to the cytoplasm of a target cell an agent free of its targeting molecule carrier.

Abstract: The present process involves ring opening and ring closure of compounds containing a tetrahydrofuroyl ##STR1## to provide facile synthesis of compounds containing a piperidin-2-one group of the formula ##STR2##

Abstract: The invention is to provide a composition made by blending a benzodifuranone compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a methylene or straight or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene group optionally substituted with a hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylcarbonyloxy group; and Q represents 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring residue, with an anthraquinone compound of the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 represents an optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxyphenylsulfonyl group, and a method for dyeing hydrophobic materials using the composition to obtain red dyed products with excellent pH dependency and fastnesses to light and washing.

Abstract: Provided is a long chain carboxylic acid imide ester (I) represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein W is a divalent long chain hydrocarbon group which may optionally be interrupted by one or more groups each independently selected from the group consisting of an oxygen, atom, a sulfur atom, and a group of --N(R.sup.1)-- (R.sup.1 being a lower alkyl group) and X represents a divalent hydrocarbon group which may optionally be substituted, or salt thereof. The above long chain carboxylic acid imide ester or its salts is useful for modifying enzymes or proteins having biological activities to give their derivatives which have, while retaining most of the original biological activities, an extremely prolonged plasma half-life as compared with the proteins and have no antigenecities and can be administered to animals.