Abstract: Antibacterial activity is exhibited by compounds having the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A process for selective preparation of lactams which comprises contacting, in the vapor phase, an aliphatic or aromatic aminonitrile having the formula HR.sub.1 N--D--CN wherein D is a divalent organic moiety and wherein R.sub.1 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl or hydrogen with an effective amount of a silica catalyst, in the form of substantially spherical beads having a BET surface area greater than about 250 m.sup.2 /g, preferably between 300 and 500 m.sup.2 /g, and an average pore diameter less than about 20 nanometers preferably 8-10 nanometers at a temperature in the range of about 200.degree. to about 400.degree. C. and at a hydrogen or inert gas flow with a pressure in the range of about 0 to about 300 kPa, in the presence of: (a) ammonia in an amount equal to from 0 to about 50 mole percent of the molar amount of aliphatic or aromatic aminonitrile present; and (b) water in an amount from at least about 1.

Abstract: An N-substituted carbamoyl-lactam compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a di-valent radical derived from polytetramethylene glycol, R' is an at least divalent radical derived from a diisocyanate, Y is a C.sub.3 -C.sub.14 ring-forming alkylene group, and a has a value of at least 1 and is a number corresponding to the mean functionality of the aforesaid polyisocyanate minus 1. A process for preparing the N-substituted carbamoyl-lactam compound is also described.

Abstract: Process for the selective conversion of dinitriles into the corresponding lactam by treating the dinitrile with an effective amount of a hydrogenation catalyst such as copper chromite in combination with a co-catalyst, such as titania, at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. C. to about 400.degree. C. and at a pressure of at least 50 kPa in the presence of water and hydrogen.

Abstract: Amino acid derivatives are synthesized by reacting paraformaldehyde, cyclic amides and synthesis gas with a bimetallic catalyst comprising a rhodium-containing compound and a cobalt-containing compound, optionally in the presence of a solvent at a pressure of at least 500 psi and a temperature of at least 50.degree. C. The novel amino acid products may be hydrolyzed to amino dicarboxylic acids or used as monomers to polyamides.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein x is NH and wherein R.sub.1 is selected from branched-chain lower alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, cycloalkyl, and cycloalkanylalkyl radicals, R.sub.2 is a C.sub.1-4 alkyl radical and R.sub.3 represents a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl radical are disclosed as herbicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an N-substituted carbamoyl-lactam compound having the formula: ##STR1## by admixing a polyhydroxy compound having the formula R(OH).sub.n with a polyisocyanate having the formula OCH--R'--NCO, wherein saidn has a value of at least 3,R' is a di-valent hydrocarbon group having 6-25 carbon atoms, andY is a C.sub.3 -C.sub.14 alkylene group,and reacting the product thereof with a lactam. The n value may advantageously range from 3 to 10. The invention also relates to certain novel n-substituted carbamoyl-lactam compounds which can advantageously be used in the preparation of nylon 6 block copolymers, and are particularly useful in reaction injection molding nylon 6.

Abstract: A process for drying lactams to extremely low water contents is provided which comprises mixing the lactam with hydrocarbon distilling from the mixture a water/hydrocarbon vapor and or condensate, contacting said vapor or condensate with a drying agent to remove water and returning the dried distillate to the mixture to permit recycling process is capable of providing anionic polymerization grade lactam with a water content of less than about 50 ppm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a lactam which consists essentially in the reductive amination in the gas phase of an oxoalkane carboxylic acid having the formula ##STR1## or an alkyl ester thereof, wherein R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and n varies from 2 to 3, and wherein the reaction is carried out:A. in an atmosphere of hydrogen, andB. in the presence of a gas phase reactant selected from the group consisting of gaseous ammonia and a vaporized primary amine, andC. in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst promoted with an alkali metal.The alkali metal particularly preferred as a promoter is sodium.

Abstract: N-chlorolactams, -amides, and -carbamates are photolyzed in alcoholic solution to provide N-(alpha-alkoxyalkyl)-substituted derivatives. These derivatives are interacted with hydroxylated acrylate or methacrylate esters to yield monomers which may be polymerized in the presence of an appropriate initiator. Many of the monomers are water soluble and are useful to prepare polymeric films having unique properties.

Abstract: Fumaric acid monoesters can be prepared by introducing a hydroxyl compound at a rate corresponding to the progress of the reaction into a solution or a melt of maleic anhydride, which may optionally be substituted, if appropriate in the presence of a cis-trans catalyst. New fumaric acid monoesters can be formed by the process.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of a lactam-magnesium compound which involves bringing into intimate admixture a lactam monomer represented by the following structural formula: ##STR1## wherein Y is an alkylene group having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, in particulate form, and an organomagnesium-containing material. The process is carried out at a temperature below the melting point of the lactam monomer but at a temperature sufficient to convert at least a portion of the lactam monomer to said lactam-magnesium compound in pulverulent form. The lactam-magnesium compound is useful as a catalyst for anionic lactam polymerization.

Abstract: A method of preparing certain 2-halo-5-methylpyridines, useful as herbicide intermediates, is presented starting from acyclic pentenes. The pentene is difunctionalized, e.g., by making the epoxide, and is then reacted with a nitrogen source to close the ring. The nitrogen-containing 6-membered heterocycle may then be aromatized readily to produce the 2-halo-5-methyl-pyridine desired. Also part of the invention are novel acyclic and cyclic intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: Polymeric and copolymeric aminotriarylmethane dyes having polyester, polyethyleneimine, or polyurethane backbones, and a process for their preparation, are disclosed. The novel dyes are highly colored and resistant to leaching by solvents.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed wherein R is ##STR2## The compounds possess hypotensive activity.

Abstract: Alkyl thiosalicylate prevulcanization inhibitors having a pleasant odor are described.Claimed compounds include those of the formula: ##STR1## in which X is an amide inhibitor moiety attached through the nitrogen atom derived from the group consisting of 2-benzimidazolinone, 2-imidazolidinone, 2-benzothiazolone, 2-thiazolone, phthalimide, succinimide, glutarimide, hexahydrophthalimide, maleimide, hydantoin, urea, napthalimide, oxamide, oxanilide, phenylcarbamic acid ester, formamide, formanilide, acetamide, benzamide, acetanilide, benzanilide, propionamide, butyramide, pivalamide, valeramide and hexanamide, R is alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, R' is alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1-8 carbon atoms, --CO.sub.2 --R, or halo, and n is 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: Formamidine sulphides and disulphides endowed with herbicide activity are disclosed.The processes for their preparation, their use as herbicides and herbicidal compositions thereof are disclosed too.

Abstract: m-Hydroxyphenyl substituted compounds of formula ##STR1## where R is an organic radical and R.sup.1 is hydroen or an organic radical are prepared by dehydrohalogenating a compound of formula ##STR2## (where X is chlorine or bromine, and R and R.sup.1 have the above meanings). Preferred novel starting materials of formula (II) are of the formula ##STR3## (where R.sup.1 and X are as above, n is 2,3 or 4, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl(lower)alkyl or aryl(lower)alkyl).

Abstract: Certain antihypertensive 1-substituted cyclic lactam-2-carboxylic acids and their derivatives are prepared by reacting an ester of the formula ##STR1## with a suitable derivative of the formula ##STR2##

Abstract: Novel halomethyl derivatives of .alpha.-amino acids of the following general structure: wherein Y is ClCH.sub.2, F.sub.2 CH--, F.sub.3 C--, ClCH.sub.2 --, Cl.sub.2 CH--; Z is .beta.-methylthioethyl, .beta.-thioethyl, .beta.-benzylthioethyl; S-(5'-desoxyadenosin-5'-yl)-S-methylthioethyl, .gamma.-guanidinopropyl, R.sub.a HN(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- wherein n is the integer 3 or 4 or ##STR1## wherein Y.sub.2 is F.sub.2 CH--, or F.sub.3 C--; each of R.sub.a and R.sub.b can be the same or different and is hydrogen, alkylcarbonyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched, alkoxycarbonyl wherein the alkoxy moiety has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and is straight or branched, or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a straight or branched lower alkyl group of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or .rho.-hydroxybenzyl; R.sub.1 is hydroxy, a straight or branched alkoxy group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, --NR.sub.4 R.sub.5 wherein each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: A method of preparing a lactam magnesium halide comprising the steps of:a. reactively admixing magnesium, hydrocarbon halide and lactam in the presence of cyclic ether solvent, wherein the halide is either chloride or bromide; andb. removing the cyclic ether and the hydrocarbon residue.

Abstract: In a method of synthesis of 1-substituted azacycloalkan-2-ones with primary alkyl halides and aralkyl halides as alkylating agents, the improvement comprising carrying out the N-alkylation in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst having the structural formula ##STR1## where X is suitable anion; and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each alkyl or aralkyl groups having 1-18 carbon atoms, or R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can form a part of a heterocyclic ring, with the proviso that the combined total of carbon atoms is between 16 and 40.

Abstract: 1-[4-(4,4-Dialkyl-2,6-piperidinedion-1-yl)butyl]piperazines with 2-pyrimidyl substituents in the 4- position have been synthesized and demonstrate useful anxiolytic properties. The compound 4,4-dimethyl-1-[4-[4-(2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl]butyl]-2,6-piperidinedi one, which has selective anxiolytic activity, constitutes the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for the vinylation of pyrrolidone with acetylene in the presence of an alkali metal salt of said pyrrolidone as a catalyst, by the addition of between about 0.2 and about 8 weight-%, based on total feed, of a polyoxyalkylene glycol; a polyoxyalkylene phenol, optionally substituted with an alkyl group; a polyoxyalkylene ether or mixtures thereof; said polyoxyalkylene compound having a number average molecular weight of between about 175 and 2,000 and containing between 4 and 40 oxyethylene and/or oxypropylene units. The invention also pertains to a novel coacting catalyst composition for use in vinylation reactions comprising said alkali metal salt of said pyrrolidone in admixture with said polyoxyalkylene compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to anthraquinone compounds of formula I, ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is alkyl or cycloalkyl,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,R.sub.3 is hydrogen or methyl,eitherR.sub.4 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and Y--CO-- is the radical of an organic aliphatic aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acid containing a total of 2 to 12 carbon atoms,orR.sub.4 together with the radical Y--CO-- and the nitrogen atom to which they are bound signify a cyclic imide of a dicarboxylic acid containing a total of 4 to 8 carbon atoms,X is a direct bond or (C.sub.1-3)alkylene,n is 0 or 1which compounds are useful as colorants. More particularly those compounds where n is 1 are useful as anionic dyestuffs and those compounds where n is 0 are useful as pigments.

Abstract: This invention is a lubricant comprising an imide compound obtained by reacting a dibasic acid selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, maleic acid, glutaric acid and phthalic acid with a primary amine having a C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 hydrocarbon radical.The lubricant of the invention may be used in combination with a specified diamine derivative and known lubricant additives, and exhibits excellent lubricating properties.

Abstract: Antimicrobial agents suitable for use in aqueous systems for their preservation against biodeterioration include substitutedpiperidinomethylpropenenitriles and propanenitriles. The unsaturated compounds are prepared by reaction of a suitable piperidine with cyano acetic acid and formaldehyde: the propane derivatives therefrom by nucleophilic addition.

Abstract: What are disclosed are sulfonyl ureas of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, X and Y are as defined in the specification, and their physiologically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical formulations on the basis of these compounds, and their use in the treatment of diabetes.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acyl, trifluoroacetyl, straight chained and branched alkyl groups with up to 6 carbon atoms, such alkyl groups with up to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of OH, OSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3, COOH, COOR, CONH.sub.2 and Hal, where R is an alkyl group with up to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form a heterocyclic ring containing 4 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally further heteroatoms and such rings with up to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, OH, COOH, COOR, CONH.sub.2, where R has the above meaning, the chloroethyl nitrosoureido group and Hal, and Hal is selected from the group consisting of chlorine and fluorine, which heterocyclic ring is not the para-methyl piperazine group, said nitroso ureas having a tumor inhibiting effect.

Abstract: 1-[4-(4,4-Dialkyl-2,6-piperidinedion-1-yl)butyl]piperazines with 2-2-(3-cyano)pyridyl substituents in the 4- position have been synthesized and demonstrate useful psychotropic properties.

Abstract: 3,3,5-Trichloroglutaric acid imide can be produced either by reacting a trichloroacetic acid alkyl ester, in the presence of a catalyst, with acrylonitrile to the corresponding 2,2,4-trichloro-4-cyanobutyric acid alkyl ester, converting this into the amide, and cyclizing the 2,2,4-trichloro-4-cyano-butanecarboxylic acid amide, in an aqueous acid medium, to the 3,3,5-trichloroglutaric acid imide; or by reacting trichloroacetonitrile, in the presence of a catalyst, to 2,2,4-trichloro-4-cyanobutyronitrile, and cyclizing this, in an aqueous acid medium, to 3,3,5-trichloroglutaric acid imide. The catalyst used for the addition reactions can be for example copper(I) chloride or copper(II) oxide. 3,3,5-Trichloroglutaric acid imide can be converted, by treatment with a dehydrating chlorinating agent, such as POCl.sub.3, into the known 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine, which for its part is used for producing various active substances, particularly insecticides, herbicides and fungicides.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of N-cyanolactams of the formula I ##STR1## which process comprises reacting a compound of the formula II ##STR2## in the presence of an inorganic hydrogen halide acceptor, with cyanamide or with a salt thereof.The N-cyanolactams obtained by the process of the invention are valuable intermediates for the production of polyadducts, or they can be used as activators in polymerization reactions.The symbols in formulae (I) and (II) are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of .omega.-lactams (in particular caprolactam) ith improved yields, by reaction of cycloaliphatic derivatives having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein n=3-13 with nitrosating agents in the presence of dehydrating agents, characterized by the fact that the reaction is carried out a low temperature which is constant between stages, and in all the zones of a stage and with particular concentrations of the dehydrating agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to .alpha.-hydroxyalkyl-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidines defined by Formula (I), infra, and pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing said compounds. Also included in the invention are methods for the use of said compounds, compositions and medicaments as inhibitors of .alpha.-glucoside hydrolases; and intermediates for the compounds of said Formula (I).

Abstract: 2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidines bearing a quaternary ammonium-substituted cinnamyl group on the piperidine nitrogen atom and their acid addition salts are antihyperglycemic agents. A typical example is 1-(4-trimethylammoniumcinnamyl)-2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine chloride.

Abstract: Bis(2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine-1-yl-propenyl) compounds and their acid addition salts are antihyperglycemic agents. Typical examples are 1,4-bis[3-(2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidin-1-yl)prop-2-enyl] benzene and 1,3-bis-{4-[3-(2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy-piperidin-1-yl)prop-2-enyl ]phenoxy}propane.

Abstract: A process for producing heavy metal, magnesium or aluminum pyridinethione salt crystals involving reacting a water soluble salt of the desired metal with a water soluble pyridinethione salt or pyridinethione itself in an aqueous surfactant medium.

Abstract: Lactam-blocked products of alicyclic isocyanates are obtained by blocking an aromatic isocyanate with lactam and subjecting the resulting blocked product to catalytic hydrogenation with use of a Rh catalyst.The blocked alicyclic isocyanate obtained thus can be used, for example, as a curing agent for synthetic resins such as epoxy resins or as a starting material of urethane coatings.The blocked isocyanate, if desired, may be subject to distillation whereby an alicyclic isocyanate is isolated by thermal dissociation and separation of the blocking agent.

Abstract: 1-Substituted cyclic lactam-2-carboxylic acids and their derivatives are useful as antihypertensive agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-amino-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidines, methods for their production, compositions containing said compounds. Also included are methods for the use of said compounds and compositions.

Abstract: New substituted acyl derivatives of amino acids which have the general formula ##STR1## are useful as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Abstract: New substituted acyl derivatives of amino acids which have the general formula ##STR1## are useful as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

Abstract: The polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone is achieved in high yield in the presence of a sodium-derived catalyst activator produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide with the sodium lactamate derived from the reaction of a sodium alkoxide and a 5-7 membered-ring lactam in an inert liquid nonsolvent.

Abstract: The invention includes certain 3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine compounds, methods for their preparation, compositions containing said 3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine compounds and methods for the use of said compounds and compositions.The subject matter of the invention is useful against diabetes, hyperlipaemia and adiposity as well as in animal nutrition.

Abstract: 6-Oxo-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid has been resolved via direct crystallization of pure S-6-oxo-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid dehydroabietylammonium salt from a solvent system consisting of dimethylformamide, cyclohexane and acetone. The S-enantiomer is a required component for making certain tripeptides related to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) which are central nervous system stimulants.

Abstract: Five, six and seven member nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic compounds can be prepared by the catalytic hydrogenation/cyclization of beta, gamma and delta-cyanoesters. Applicants have discovered that this reaction is especially effective when it is conducted in the presence of catalysts comprising at least one of ruthenium and iron.

Abstract: Novel alkyl 1-(hydroxyalkyl)piperidines and acid addition salts thereof, useful as inhibitors of dental plaque and therefore also useful against dental caries and periodontitis, are disclosed. Methods of making same, orally-acceptable compositions thereof, a method of treating therewith, and important and novel intermediates for the production thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: New lactam-N-acetic acids and amides thereof having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, aryl or halogen-substituted aryl,R.sub.3 =OH or --NR.sub.4 R.sub.5,R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or, taken together with the N atom form alkyleneimino, oxa-alkyleneimino, aza-alkyleneimino or N-benzyl-aza-alkyleneimino,m is 3, 4 or 5, preferably 3,n is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 2;and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said acids. Processes for producing these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same are also given. These compounds show amongst others beneficial activity on the mnemic processes and cardiac activity.

Abstract: N-chlorophthalimide, N-chlorosuccinimide, and N-chloroglutarimide are prepared by contacting the corresponding imide with molecular chlorine under substantially non-aqueous conditions in an inert organic solvent in the presence of a poly(4-vinylpyridine)-divinylbenzene copolymer.

Abstract: Isocyanate adduct diols of the formulaM--CO--NH--D'--NH--CO--Ain which M is derived from an amino diol or a hydrazino diol, D' represents the divalent radical of an organic diisocyanate, and A is an isocyanate masking group; and a process for their production.