Abstract: 1-R.sub.1 -3-[amino, cyano, carbamyl, halo, lower-alkylamino, di-(lower-alkyl)amino or lower-acylamino]-6-(lower-alkyl)-5-(pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinones or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition or cationic salts thereof are useful as cardiotonic agents, where R.sub.1 is hydrogen, lower-alkyl or lower-hydroxyalkyl. 1-R.sub.1 -3-amino-6-(lower-alkyl)-5-(pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinones are prepared by hydrolyzing the corresponding 3-cyano compounds to produce the corresponding 3-carbamyl compounds and reacting the latter with a reagent capable of converting carbamyl to amino. The 1-R.sub.1 -3-cyano-6-(lower-alkyl)-5-(pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinones are prepared by reacting (pyridinylmethyl) lower-alkyl ketones with dimethylformamide di-(lower-alkyl) acetal to produce 1-(pyridinyl)-2-(dimethylamino)ethenyl lower-alkyl ketone and reacting said ketones with N-R.sub.1 -.alpha.-cyanoacetamide to produce the 1-R.sub.1 -3-cyano-6-(lower-alkyl)-5-(pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinones.

Abstract: 1-R.sub.1 -6-(lower-alkyl)-5-(pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinones or 1-R.sub.1 -1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-6-(lower-alkyl)-5-(pyridinyl)nicotinic acids or lower-alkyl esters thereof or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition or cationic salts thereof are useful as cardiotonic agents, where R.sub.1 is hydrogen, lower-alkyl or lower-hydroxyalkyl. These compounds are prepared by hydrolyzing the corresponding 3-cyano compounds to produce the corresponding 3-carboxylic acids and then either by decarboxylating or esterifying the acids.

Abstract: The process which comprises reacting 4-picoline below about 30.degree. C. with at least three mole equivalents of an inorganic acid halide, preferably phosphorus oxychloride, per mole of 4-picoline and excess dimethylformamide, reacting in solution the unisolated resulting N-[3-dimethylamino-2-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propenylidene]-N-methylmethaniminium salt (after adding the reaction mixture to cold water, adjusting the pH to about 8.0 and filtering off the precipitated inorganic cationic salts) with excess .alpha.-cyanoacetamide and at least three mole equivalents of base, and then isolating 5-cyano-[3,4'-bipyridin]-6(1H)-one in free base form (after neutralization) or in the form of its inorganic cationic salt. Said 5-cyano-[3,4'-bipyridin]-6(1H)-one is an intermediate for preparing the cardiotonic amrinone.

Abstract: 1,3-Dihydro-1-R.sub.1 -3-R.sub.3 -6-PY-5-Q-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones or -2-thiones or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof, which are useful as cardiotonic agents, where Q is hydrogen or lower-alkyl, R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are each hydrogen, lower-alkyl, lower-hydroxyalkyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, lower-alkoxyalkyl or Y-NB where Y is lower-alkylene and NB is di-(lower-alkyl)amino or 4-morpholinyl, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 being hydrogen, and PY is 4- or 3-pyridinyl or 4- or 3-pyridinyl having one or two substituents, are prepared by reacting a 2-R.sub.3 NH-3-R.sub.1 NH-5-PY-6-Q-pyridine with urea or carbonyldiimidazole to produce said -2-one or with an alkali metal xanthate, thiourea or thiocarbonyldiimidazole to produce said -2-thione. Also shown and claimed are cardiotonic compositions and a method for increasing cardiac contractility using said cardiotonic agents. Also shown are processes for preparing said intermediate 2-R.sub.3 NH-3-R.sub.

Abstract: N-Hydroxy-1-R.sub.1 -1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-5-PY-6-R-nicotinimidamides or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof, useful as cardiotonic agents, are prepared by reacting 1-R.sub.1 -1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-5-PY-6-R-nicotinonitriles with hydroxylamine and are converted by reaction with polyphosphoric acid to the corresponding cardiotonically useful 1-R.sub.1 -3-amino-5-PY-6-R-2(1H)-pyridinones, where R.sub.1 is hydrogen, lower-alkyl and lower-hydroxyalkyl, R is hydrogen or lower-alkyl, and PY is 4- or 3-pyridinyl or 4- or 3-pyridinyl having one or two lower-alkyl substituents.

Abstract: Iminobenzyl dihydropyridines of the formula ##STR1## wherein, each R is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, sulfonamido, halogen, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cyano, hydroxy, acyloxy, nitro, amino, alkylmercapto, alkylamino, alkanoylamino, carbalkoxyamino, carboxy, methanesulfonyl, carbalkoxy or trifluoromethyl;each R.sub.4 is lower alkoxy;each R.sub.2 is lower alkyl;and R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic or ##STR2## wherein R is as previously defined; have anti-hypertensive activity.

Abstract: 2-R.sub.3 RN-3-R.sub.1 R'N-5-PY-6-Q-pyridines (I) or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof are useful as intermediates in the preparation of 1- or 3-substituted-1,3-dihydro-5-Q-6-PY-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones or -2-thiones and also as intermediates for preparing 1- or 3-substituted-5-Q-6-PY-3H(or 1H)-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines, where R.sub.1, R.sub.3, R, R', PY and Q are defined hereinbelow. Also shown are processes for preparing I and the following intermediates used therein: 2-halo-3-nitro-5-PY-6-Q-pyridines (III), 2-R.sub.3 RN-3-nitro-5-PY-6-Q-pyridines (V), 2-halo-5-PY-6-Q-pyridines (VII), 2-R.sub.3 RN-5-PY-6-Q-pyridines (VIII) and 2-R.sub.3 RN-3-halo-5-PY-6-Q-pyridines (IX) or salts thereof. Certain embodiments of II and VIII also are useful as cardiotonics and are shown as active components of cardiac compositions and methods for increasing cardiac contractility.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel substituted sulfooxy-pyrimidinium, -pyridinium, and -triazinium hydroxide inner salts. These compounds are useful for the treatment of hypertension and peripheral vascular diseases. They are formed by reacting the corresponding aminopyrimidine, aminotriazine, and aminopyridine N-oxides with a latent sulfate source such as pyridinium-sulfur trioxide complex, triethylamine-sulfur trioxide complex, chlorosulfonic acid or chlorosulfuryl chloride.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of 1,4-dihydropyridinecarboxylic acid compounds which involves hydrolysis, under alkaline conditions and in a temperature range from 10.degree. to 100.degree. C., of an ester group which contains an electron-attracting group. The invention also includes novel compounds made according to the invention as well as compositions containing said novel compounds. Also included in the invention are methods for the use of said compounds and compositions. The compounds obtained according to the process of the invention are useful because of their circulation-influencing action and are also useful as intermediates for the preparation of compounds having circulation-influencing action.

Abstract: New 4-pyridinamine derivatives having the formula ##STR1## and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, [wherein one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is aryl or heteroaryl, the other of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl, and n is 0 or 1] are described. They show CNS activity and may used as antidepressant drugs. N-([.alpha.-Phenyl]-n-propyl)-4-pyridinamine also shows anti-ulcer activity.

Abstract: 3-Acylamino-5-[4(or 3)-pyridinyl]-2(1H)-pyridinones or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof useful as cardiotonic agents are prepared by reacting the corresponding 3-amino compound with an acylating agent providing acyl, where acyl is 2-acetoxypropanoyl, acetoacetyl or acetoxyacetyl. Cardiotonic compositions and method for increasing cardiac contractility using said 3-acylamino compounds as active component are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted 2,2'-bipyridyl compounds and several compounds so prepared, the process comprising the steps of first selecting a substituted pyridine of the formula defined herein, then mixing a stoichiometric excess of the substituted pyridine with an amount of sodamide, causing the resultant mixture to be at a temperature sufficiently high to cause substituted 2,2'-bipyridyl formation, and isolating the substituted 2,2'-bipyridyl thereby formed. The new substituted 2,2'-bipyridyl compounds are selected from the group consisting of 4,4'-di-(5-nonyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 4,4'-di-(3-pentyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 6,6'-di-(3-pentyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 6,6'-di-(5-nonyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 4,4'-di-(cyclohexylmethyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 5,5'-di-(5-nonyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 4,4'-di-(3-phenylpropyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 4,4'-di-(4-tetrahydropyranyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl; 4,4'-di-benzyl-2,2'-bipyridyl; 6,6'-di-isoamyl-2,2'-bipyridyl; and 4,4'-di-(t-butyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl.

Abstract: 1,2-Dihydro-1-R-5-PY-6-Q-3H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-ones or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof, which are useful as cardiotonic agents, are prepared by reacting lower-alkyl 2-halo-5-PY-6-Q-nicotinate with 1-R-hydrazine. Also disclosed are cardiotonic compositions and method for increasing cardiotonic contractility using said compounds or salts.

Abstract: Amrinone intermediates are prepared by reacting 4-picoline with at least three mole equivalents of phosgene per mole of 4-picoline and excess dimethylformamide to produce N-[3-dimethylamino-2-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propenylidene]-N-methylmethaniminium chloride hydrochloride, then reacting the latter with Q-CH.sub.2 CONH.sub.2 and at least three mole equivalents of base in anhydrous medium and then neutralizing the reaction mixture to produce 5-Q-[3,4'-bipyridin]-6(1H)-one, where Q is cyano or carbamyl. Other aspects of the invention are the separate steps of preparing said iminium salt and then converting it to said 5-Q-[3,4'-bipyridin]-6(1H)-one, and also cardiotonic composition and method for increasing cardiac contractility using said iminium salt or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salt thereof as the active cardiotonic.

Abstract: 1-R-5-PY-6-Q-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amines or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof, which are useful as cardiotonics, are prepared by reacting a 2-halo-5-PY-6-Q-nicotinonitrile with 1-R-hydrazine, where R is hydrogen, lower-alkyl, lower-hydroxyalkyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl or lower-alkoxyalkyl, Q is hydrogen or lower-alkyl, and PY is 4- or 3-pyridinyl or 4- or 3-pyridinyl having one or two lower-alkyl substituents. Also shown are cardiotonic compositions and method for increasing cardiac contractility using said compounds or salts.

Abstract: The invention includes novel nitro-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines useful because of their influence on the circulation. Also included in the invention are methods for the preparation of said novel nitro-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines, compositions containing them and methods for the use of said compounds and compositions.

Abstract: Compounds useful as cardiotonic agents are 1-R-3-Q-5-PY-2(1H)-pyridinones (I) where R is hydrogen, lower-alkyl or lower-hydroxyalkyl, Q is amino (preferred), lower-alkylamino, di-(lower-alkyl)amino or NHAc, Ac is lower-alkanoyl or lower-carbalkoxy, and PY is 4- or 3- or 2-pyridinyl or 4- or 3- or 2-pyridinyl having one or two lower-alkyl substituents. The corresponding compounds where Q is nitro, carbamyl, cyano, halo or hydrogen are useful as intermediates and those where Q is hydrogen or cyano also are useful as cardiotonic agents. Said compounds are prepared: by reacting .alpha.-PY-.beta.-(R.sub.1 R.sub.2 N)acrolein (II) with malonamide to produce 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-5-PY-nicotinamide (Ia) and reacting Ia with a reagent capable of converting carbamyl to amino to produce 3-amino-5-PY-2(1H)-pyridinone (Ib); by reacting II or .alpha.-PY-malonaldehyde (II') with .alpha.

Abstract: 3-(Hydroxy or hydroxymethyl)-5-(4-pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salt thereof is useful as a cardiotonic agent. 3-Hydroxy-5-(4-pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone is prepared by autoclaving a mixture of an alkali lower-alkoxide, loweralkanol and 3-halo-5-(4-pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone and acidifying the cooled reaction mixture. 3-Hydroxymethyl-5-(4-pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone is prepared by reacting 5-(4-pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone with excess formaldehyde at an acidic pH. Said 3-(hydroxy or hydroxymethyl)-5-(4-pyridinyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone or pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salt thereof is disclosed as the active ingredient in cardiotonic compositions for increasing cardiac contractility and in the method for increasing cardiac contractility in a patient requiring such treatment.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-5-(pyridinyl) nicotinonitriles by reacting .alpha.-(pyridinyl)-.beta.-[di-(lower-alkyl)amino]acrolein with malononitrile in a lower-alkanol. The products are useful as cardiotonic agents and, also, as intermediates for preparing corresponding 3-amino-5-(pyridinyl-2(1H)-pyridinones, in turn, useful as cardiotonic agents.

Abstract: Compounds useful as cardiotonic agents are 1-R-3-Q-5-PY-2(1H)-pyridinones (I) where R is hydrogen, lower-alkyl or lower-hydroxyalkyl, Q is amino (preferred), lower-alkylamino, di-(lower-alkyl)amino or NHAc, Ac is lower-alkanoyl or lower-carbalkoxy, and PY is 4- or 3- or 2-pyridinyl or 4- or 3- or 2-pyridinyl having one or two lower-alkyl substituents. The corresponding compounds where Q is nitro, carbamyl, cyano, halo or hydrogen are useful as intermediates and those where Q is hydrogen or cyano also are useful as cardiotonic agents. Said compounds are prepared: by reacting .alpha.-PY-.beta.-(R.sub.1 R.sub.2 N)acrolein (II) with malonamide to produce 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-5-PY-nicotinamide (Ia) and reacting Ia with a reagent capable of converting carbamyl to amino to produce 3-amino-5-PY-2(1H)-pyridinone (Ib); by reacting II or .alpha.-PY-malonaldehye (II') with .alpha.

Abstract: The present invention provides 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives of the formula in which ##STR1## R represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, the alkyl and aryl groups being optionally substituted,A represents a straight-chain or branched alkylene radical,R.sup.1 represents (a) an optionally substituted alkylthio group or (b) a group of the formula O--CO-alkyl, O--CO-aryl or O--CO-aralkyl, the alkyl and aryl groups being optionally substituted or (c) a phthalimido radical which is optionally substituted in the benzene ring, Y and Z are identical or different and each represents a group of the formula COOR.sup.2 or COR.sup.2,whereinR.sup.2 represents alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl or aralkyl, the alkyl and aryl radicals being optionally substituted, orY and Z are identical or different and each represents a cyano radical or a radical of the formula S(O).sub.n --R.sup.3,whereinR.sup.

Abstract: The invention includes the provision of 2-alkyleneaminodihydropyridines and salts thereof and are useful, inter alia, as coronary dilators and antihypertensive agents. Also included in the invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing said 2-alkyleneaminodihydropyridines and methods of treatment involving the use of said compounds or compositions.

Abstract: Pyridines substituted in the 2-position by an aromatic or heteroaromatic group are prepared by reacting an aliphatic aromatic or aliphatic heteroaromatic ketone with an aliphatic oxo compound having a carbon to carbon ethylenic double bond on the carbon atom adjacent to the oxo group and ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating and dehydrogenating catalyst at a temperature of about 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for dequaternizing a 2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl or 2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl quaternary salt of a pyridine or bipyridine base comprising the step of heating or reacting the pyridylethyl quaternary salt with a caustic material such as sodium hydroxide. Also included is a process for preparing a second pyridine base (or a bipyridine base) in which a first pyridine base is initially selected and its 2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl or 2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl quaternary salt or its acid salt prepared. An electrophilic, nucleophilic or coupling reaction can then be performed on the quaternary salt to change the substituent or to form the bipyridyl coupling and the resultant salt dequaternized with a caustic material, such as sodium hydroxide, to produce a second pyridine or a bipyridine base.

Abstract: The invention relates to 2-alkyl nicotinoids and improved methods for producing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to inter-phenylene-PG 3,4-didehydropiperidylamides. These compounds are pharmacological agents, being prolonged orally active platelet aggregation inhibitors in mammalian species. These compounds are accordingly useful for antithrombotic applications.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of an N,N'-disubstitued-4,4'-bipyridylium salt, characterized in that an N,N'-disubstitued tetrahydro-4,4'-bipyridyl corresponding to the desired salt is treated with at least one aromatic nitro compound in the presence of water. The process of the present invention is more advantageously effected further in the presence of a water-immiscible organic solvent. According to the present invention, the desired product can be obtained with high purity and in high yield.

Abstract: The circulation provides new aminoalkylidene-amino-1,4-dihydropyridines which influence the circulatory system and are useful, for instance, as antihypertensive agents. Also included in the invention are methods for the preparation of said dihydropyridines, compositions containing them and methods for their use.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. More particularly, it relates to new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives thereof which have vasodilating and anti-hypertensive activity, to processes for the preparation thereof, and to pharmaceutical composition comprising the same for therapeutical treatment in cardiovascular diseases and hypertension in human being.

Abstract: Dyes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic diazo component radical,R.sub.2 is cyano or acyl,R.sub.3 is alkyl, carbocyclic aryl or heterocyclyl, or a substituted deriive thereof, andR.sub.4 is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, with the proviso that R.sub.4 is free of sulfo groups and protonizable groups, are useful as disperse dyes for the dyeing and printing of fibres and textiles of synthetic and semi-synthetic, hydrophobic organic substances of high molecular weight. These dyes build up excellently and yield dyeings which are fast to thermofixation, sublimation, pleating, ozone, rubbing, gas fumes, water, sea water, perspiration, alkali and washing.

Abstract: Compounds useful as cardiotonic agents are 1-R-3-Q-5-PY-2(1H)-pyridinones (I) where R is hydrogen, lower-alkyl or lower-hydroxyalkyl, Q is amino (preferred), lower-alkylamino, di-(lower-alkyl)amino or NHAc, Ac is lower-alkanoyl or lower-carbalkoxy, and PY is 4- or 3- or 2-pyridinyl or 4- or 3- or 2-pyridinyl having one or two lower-alkyl substituents. The corresponding compounds where Q is nitro, carbamyl, cyano, halo or hydrogen are useful as intermediates and those where Q is hydrogen or cyano also are useful as cardiotonic agents. Said compounds are prepared: by reacting .alpha.-PY-.beta.-(R.sub.1 R.sub.2 N)acrolein (II) with malonamide to produce 1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-5-PY-nicotinamide (Ia) and reacting Ia with a reagent capable of converting carbamyl to amino to produce 3-amino-5-PY-2(1H)-pyridinone (Ib); by reacting II or .alpha.-PY-malonaldehyde (II') with .alpha.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein K.sup..sym. is a cationic group, preferably heterocyclic,R is hydrogen or an organic radical, preferably alkyl, phenyl or acyl,R.sub.1 is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterocyclyl, substituted heterocyclyl, amino or substituted amino, andA.sup..crclbar. is an anion,Are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of azo dyes of the formula ##STR2## wherein D is an aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic diazo component radical, andK.sup..sym., r, r.sub.1 and A.sup..crclbar. are as defined above.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain structural analogs of the prostaglandins which have been unexpectedly discovered to be pharmacological analogs of prostacyclin (PGI.sub.2), i.e., they exhibit the characteristic prostacyclin-type biological responses. These novel compounds are all 6-hydroxy-PGE-type compounds. They are useful for the pharmacological purposes for which prostacyclin is used, e.g., a antithromboti agents, smooth muscle stimulators, gastric antisecretory agents, antihypertensive agents, antiasthma agents, nasal decongestants, or regulators or fertility and procreation.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel compounds of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.3 is hydrogen or halo having an atomic weight of about 19 to 36, which are useful as minor tranquilizers, sleep inducers, muscle relaxants, neuroleptics and anti-ulcer agents.