Abstract: A method for preparing a surface modified organic pigment includes the steps of a) reacting the organic pigment in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent with a surface modifying reagent to form a surface modified organic pigment; and b) washing and drying the surface modified organic pigment; wherein the surface modifying reagent is represented by Formula (I): wherein, X is selected from the group consisting of O, S and N—R3; Y is selected from the group consisting of —O and NR4; R1 to R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a -aralkyl group, an alkaryl group, and an aryl group and s heteroaryl group; with the proviso that when Y—R1 is different from OH that at least one of R2 to R4 is substituted by at least one functional group having a pKa between 2.5 and 9.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production of quinoline compounds containing sulfonic acid groups, the said quinoline compounds and their conversion into dyes containing sulfonic acid groups. The dyes according to the invention are used especially to label analytes, for example to label biomolecules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful for measuring aromatase activity. The invention further provides methods for measuring aromatase activity and for screening test agents which modulate aromatase activity. A kit is also provided for use in such screening methods.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production of quinoline compounds containing sulfonic acid groups, the said quinoline compounds and their conversion into dyes containing sulfonic acid groups. The dyes according to the invention are used especially to label analytes, for example to label biomolecules.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production of quinoline compounds containing sulfonic acid groups, the said quinoline compounds and their conversion into dyes containing sulfonic acid groups. The dyes according to the invention are used especially to label analytes, for example to label biomolecules.

Abstract: Use of quinacridones of the formula (I) in which A is an organic radical substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, B is H, F, Cl, Br or an optionally substituted organic radical which may optionally together with A form a ring in colour filters for LCDs.

Abstract: A novel semiconductor device comprises an azaperylene organic semiconductor of the formula I (I) wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently is selected from H, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, halogen, Si(RH)3, XR6; or one or more of R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R3 and R4, together with the carbon atoms they are bonding to, form a saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; R5 is OR7, SR7, NR7R8, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; R6 is Si(R11)3, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl; R7 is H, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl

Abstract: The present invention includes methods, articles, compositions and colorant dyes and pigments that include biocidal N-halamine dye composition having two or more heterocyclic ring structures attached to one or more N-halamine groups, wherein one or more halogens associate with the one or more one or more N-halamine groups to affect biocidal activity.

Abstract: Diimide-based semiconductor materials are provided with processes for preparing the same. Composites and electronic devices including the diimide-based semiconductor materials also are provided.

Abstract: Tetrahydro- and dihydroquinophenanthrine dione fluorescent whitening agents and a process for their preparation are provided.

Abstract: A process for by oxidizing a quinacridone in a liquid medium with a non-metal oxidant producing a quinacridonequinone.

Abstract: A novel method for the preparation of a beta quinacridone pigment is described by the oxidation of 6,13-dihydroquinacridone in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a catalyst and optionally a particulate quinacridone or particle growth inhibitor using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for forming a N,N′-diarylquinacridone compound comprising the step of reacting a N,N′-unsubstituted quinacridone compound with a haloaryl compound in the presence of a metal or metal compound to arylate the N and N′ positions and form the corresponding N,N′-diarylquinacridone compound. The process is versatile and provides high yields and purity for the synthesis of N,N′-diarylquinacridone compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing alpha, gamma-I, gamma-II and gamma-III crystal modifications of quinacridone and transparent quinacridone pigments including the solid solutions of various quinacridones, using a variety of tris-aryl-s-triazines, particularly resorcinol triazine derivatives, or aromatic- or heteraromatic-compounds having at least one hydroxyl or keto group bonded to the ring, as an additive, prior to or concurrently with the oxidation of corresponding dihydroquinacridone salts.

Abstract: A 6,13-dihydroquinacridone derivative of formula I: (MO3S)m—Q—[CH2—(X)—(Y)n]o  (I) wherein: Q represents a 6,13-dihydroquinacridone moiety of formula II; A and B each independently represent a substituent selected from H, F, Cl, C1-C3alkyl and C1-C3alkoxy M represents a metal cation, quaternary N cation or H; X is an aromatic group, a cyclo-hetero aliphatic group with at least one 5 or 6 atom ring or a hetero aromatic group with at least one 5 or 6 atom ring and which is not a phthalimido group; Y is a sulfonic or carboxylic acid or salt thereof; m and n independently from each other are numbers from zero to 2.5; and o is a number from zero to 4, wherein m and o are not zero simultaneously.

Abstract: Heterocycle-condensed morphinoid derivatives of formula (I), or solvates or salts thereof, are potent and selective delta opioid agonists and antagonists and are useful as i.a. analgesics. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, the use of such compounds as therapeutic agents, a method of treatment comprising the administration of such compounds, and a process for the preparation of such compounds are also described.

Abstract: A new gamma-I type quinacridone pigment characterized by C.I.E color space values in masstone, and a process for its preparation is disclosed. The new gamma quinacridone pigment is especially useful for coloring coating compositions, such as automotive paints, and plastics.

Abstract: A process for preparing an unsubstituted or substituted quinacridone of the formula or a solid solution of quinacridones of the formula (I), wherein X and Y are independently 1 or 2 substituents selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3alkoxy and COOR wherein R is hydrogen or C1-C10alkyl in which a salt of a corresponding 6,13-dihydroquinacridone of formula II  having the same substitutions as the desired quinacridone of formula I, or a mixture of corresponding 6,13-dihydroquinacridones of formula II, is oxidized with an oxygen containing gas in the presence of an aqueous base and a catalytically effective amount of an oxidation catalyst, characterized in that the oxidation is performed in the presence of an polyglycolic reaction medium of formula R1—O—[(CH2)m—(CHR1′)n—O]x—O—R1″  (III).

Abstract: Compounds of formula A(B)x  (I), wherein x is an integer from 1 to 8, A is the radical of a chromophore of the quinacridone, anthraquinone, perylene, indigo, quinophthalone, indanthrone, isoindolinone, isoindoline, dioxazine, azo, phthalocyanine or diketopyrrolopyrrole series that is bonded to x groups B via one or more hetero atoms, those hetero atoms being selected from the group consisting of N, O and S and forming part of the radical A, each group B independently of any other(s) is hydrogen or a group of the formula  at least one group B being a group of the formula The compounds according to the invention are used in high-molecular-weight organic materials, thermo-, photo- or chemo-sensitive recording materials, light-sensitive negative or positive resist compositions, ink compositions for ink-jet printing and color tapes for thermal transfer printing.

Abstract: Pigment particle growth and/or crystal phase directors of the following formula: (MO3S)m—Q—(CH2—(X)—(Y)n)o wherein: Q represents a pigment moiety; M represents a metal cation, quaternary N cation or H; X is an aromatic group, a cyclo-hetero aliphatic group with at least one 5 atom or 6 atom ring or a hetero aromatic group with at least one 6 atom ring and which is not a phthalimido group; Y is a sulfonic or carboxylic acid or salt thereof; m and n independently from each other represent an integer from 0 to 2.5; and o is an integer from 0.05 to 4.

Abstract: A new beta quinacridone pigment characterized by masstone and tint reflection spectra, and a process for its preparation is disclosed. The new beta quinacridone pigment is especially useful for coloring coating compositions, such as automotive paints, and plastics. Also disclosed is a new pigment composition consisting of the inventive beta quinacridone pigment and a carbazole dioxazine pigment.

Abstract: Compounds of formulaA(B).sub.x (I),wherein x is an integer from 1 to 4,A is the radical of a chromophore of the quinacridone, anthraquinone, perylene, indigo, quinophthalone, isoindolinone, isoindoline, dioxazine, phthalocyanine, diketopyrrolopyrrole or azo series, which radical A contains x N-atoms linked with B, preferably with at least one immediately adjacent or conjugated carbonyl group.B is a group of formula ##STR1## and, if x=2, 3 or 4, can also be one, two or three hydrogen atom(s), and wherein Q is a group of formula ##STR2## These soluble chromophores can be readily converted to the corresponding pigments by heating, even in the substrate into which they can be incorporated without any difficulty in dissolved form.R.sub.1 -R.sub.9 are as defined herein.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of quinacridone pigments by(a) exposing a reaction mixture containing(i) 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid, 2,5-dianilino-3,6-dihydroterephthalic acid, 2,5-dianilino-3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, and/or derivatives thereof,(ii) about 3 to about 20 parts by weight, per part of component (a)(i), of a dehydrating agent, and(iii) 0 to about 20 parts by weight, per part of component (a)(i), of a pigment additive,to microwave radiation under conditions that raise the bulk temperature of the reaction mixture to no more than about 250.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of preparing quinacridone by oxidizing a 6,13-dihydroquinacridone salt corresponding to the quinacridone pigment with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent. The inventive process is economical and environmentally friendly and yields high performance quinacridone pigments in a high yield.

Abstract: Mono-N-alkyl-quinacridone pigments are disclosed. They exhibit high light fastness, high temperature stability and high migration fastness. Moreover, they show hypsochromic shifts, fluorescence and high photoconductivity. These pigments are suited for coloring high molecular weight organic materials, for use as light emitting materials of organic electroluminescent elements as well as photoreceptors of electrophotography.

Abstract: Compounds of formulaA(B).sub.x, (I),whereinx is an integer from 1 to 4,A is the radical of a chromophore of the quinacridone, anthraquinone, perylene, indigo, quinophthalone, isoindolinone, isoindoline, dioxazine, phthalocyanine or azo series, which radical contains x N-atoms attached to B, preferably with at least one directly adjacent or conjugated carbonyl group,B is a group of formula ##STR1## and, if x is 2, 3 or 4, may also be one, two or three hydrogen atoms. The symbols Q, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, X, Y, Z, m and n, are as defined in claim 1. These carbamate group-containing soluble chromophores am distinguished by outstanding solid state fluorescence in the UV range as well as the by ease with which they can be converted to the corresponding pigments in the substrate in which they are incorporated.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of quinacridone pigments comprising(a) heating, at a temperature of about 80.degree. C. to about 145.degree. C., a reaction mixture comprising(i) 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid or a 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid derivative having one or more substituents in at least one aniline ring,(ii) about 2 to about 10 parts by weight, relative to component (a)(i), of a dehydrating agent, and(iii) about 0.01 to about 10 percent by weight, relative to component (a)(i), of a salt other than an iron salt;(b) drowning the reaction mixture from step (a) by adding said reaction mixture to about 3 to about 15 parts by weight, relative to component (a)(i), of a liquid in which the pigment is substantially insoluble;(c) isolating the quinacridone pigment; and(d) optionally, conditioning the quinacridone pigment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of quinacridone pigments comprising(a) heating, at a temperature of about 80.degree. C. to about 145.degree. C., a reaction mixture comprising(i) 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid or a 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid derivative having one or more substituents in at least one aniline ring,(ii) about 2 to about 10 parts by weight, relative to component (i), of a strong acid, and(iii) at least about 0.4 mole percent, relative to component (i), of iron in the form of an iron salt;(b) drowning the reaction mixture from step (a) by adding said reaction mixture to about 3 to about 15 pads by weight, relative to component (i), of a liquid in which the pigment is substantially insoluble;(c) isolating the quinacridone pigment; and(d) optionally, conditioning the quinacridone pigment.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,9-dimethylquinacridone pigments or mixed crystal pigments or mixtures of 2,9-dimethylquinacridone and quinacridones which in the two outer fused benzene rings can be substituted, characterized by the form of their crystalline particles having an average ratio of length to width of <2:1 and an average particle size of <0.4 .mu.m, by adding to the solution of 2,9-dimethylquinacridone before or during the finishing of the corresponding crude quinacridones of the quinacridones mentioned in water or solvent mixtures at temperatures from about 60.degree. to about 200.degree. C., in each case a compound of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in an amount of about 1 to 20% by weight, in which Q is a quinacridone radical which is unsubstituted or substituted, Y is an --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 group or the radical of a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle which contains one to three hetero atoms and can be substituted, R and R' are hydrogen or alkyl, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.

Abstract: Aqueous processes for the preparation of a new beta quinacridone modification possessing a magenta color having C.I.E. color space values in masstone of L=33-36, A=34-40 and B=8-15 starting with the crude pigment and comprising several milling and alternative deaggregation and recrystallization steps, the latter being facilitated at elevated temperatures aided by the presence of base and minor amounts of crystal growth auxiliaries, and the beta quinacridone modification having the indicated C.I.E. color space values.

Abstract: Quinacridones having selectively adjusted triboelectric effects, which quinacridones contain about 0.05% to 100 percent by weight of triboelectrically active compounds of the general formula IQ--A--Y].sub.n (I),in which Q is a quinacridone radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen atoms, alkyl, alkoxy H.sub.2 N--CO--, alkyl--NH--CO-- or (alkyl).sub.2 N--CO groups, A is a direct bond or --O--, --S--, --NR.sup.1 --, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CR.sup.2 R.sup.3 -- or arylene and Y is an --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 group or a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle which contains one to three heteroatoms from the series comprising nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or sulfur and which can be substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyphenyl, halogen, --CN, --COOH, --CO-- NRR', --SO.sub.2 --NRR', hydroxyalkyl or alkylaminoalkyl, in which R and R' together with the nitrogen atom can be a heterocycle, R and R' are hydrogen atoms or alkyl and R.sup.1 to R.sup.

Abstract: Dihydroquinacridones, quinacridones and quinacridonequinones are prepared by cyclizing 2,5-dianilino-3,6-dihydroterephthalic acid derivatives or 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid derivatives in the liquid or solid state or in solution, in each case in finely divided form, or in the gas phase, in the presence or absence of an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: Pigments of the quinacridonequinone series consisting of 98-20 mol percent of a quinacridonequinone of the general formula (1) ##STR1## in which R denotes a hydrogen or chlorine atom or a methyl or carbonamide group and m and n are 1 or 2, and 1-65 mol percent of a quinacridone of the general formula (2) ##STR2## in which R, m and n have the abovementioned meaning, and 1-15 mol percent of one or two acridone derivatives of the general formulae (3) and/or (4) ##STR3## in which X denotes O or NH and R can be identical or different and, like m and n, has the abovementioned meaning, the added compounds of the general formulae (2), (3) and/or (4) being predominantly incorporated into the crystal lattice if the quinacridonequinone of the general formula (1), processes for their preparation and their use for coloring synthetic and naturally occurring materials.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a 6,13-dihydroquinacridone of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 designate hydrogen or substituents customary for quinacridone, characterized in that an optionally substituted dialkyl 2,5-di-(phenylamino)-3,6-dihydroterephthalate is heated to temperatures of 240.degree.-320.degree. C. in an essentially oxygen-free atmosphere in the presence of a dimethyl-diphenyl ether isomer mixture of the formula ##STR2## as the solvent and/or diluent, and a process for the preparation of optionally substituted quinacridone, characterized in that the resulting 6,13-dihydroquinacridone is oxidized in the customary manner.

Abstract: A process for the preparation and conditioning of organic pigments, which comprises the use of at least one tricyclodecane alcohol or tricyclodecene alcohol.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae I, II and III ##STR1## in which R is --F, --Cl, --Br, C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkoxy, and n is the number 0, 1, 2 or 3, are suitable in particular for use as photoconductive substances.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of linear quinacridones of the formula (1) ##STR1## in which R denotes a hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkoxy or phenyl group or a fused benzene ring or a phenylamino or phenoxy group which can be substituted on the aromatic nucleus by fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl groups, and n denotes a number from 0 to 2, it being possible, in the event that n.noteq.0, for the substituents R present on the same benzene ring or on the two benzene rings to be identical or different, by the oxidation of linear 6,13-dihydroquinacridones of the formula (2) ##STR2## in which R and n have the meanings mentioned above, which comprises heating, at temperatures from about 180.degree. C. to about 280.degree. C., 1 mole of the last-mentioned compounds with 1 to 2 moles of iodine in a high-boiling organic solvent which is inert towards the reactants.

Abstract: 4,6,6a,7,8,12b-hexahydro-indolo[4,3-ab]phenanthridines are useful as dopaminergic and analgesic agents.

Abstract: Finished grade pigments are prepared from crude pigment precursors by conversion to aggregated low crystallinity pigment followed by milling the aggregated low crystallinity pigment in water having a pH of from 7 to 14 and from 5 to 25% based on pigment of a separate phase comprising an organic liquid which is effective in growing and improving the crystallinity of the pigment particles. The resulting material is extracted in dilute acid, washed free of acid and dried to produce the final finished grade pigment.

Abstract: Pigmentary grade quinacridone pigments are prepared from crude quinacridone by conversion to aggregated low crystallinity quinacridones followed by milling the aggregated low crystallinity quinacridone in the presence of a liquid which wets the pigment and can improve the crystallinity of quinacridone at 10.degree. to 60.degree. C. Suitable quinacridones include ##STR1## and mixtures thereof with up to 15 wt. % of ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 R.sup.6 are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl or methoxy; R.sup.7, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are hydrogen or chlorine; and R.sup.8 is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, nitro, alkyl groups of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups of 1 or 2 carbon atoms or benzoylamino, and m is an integer of from 1 to 4.

Abstract: Compositions of linear trans-quinacridones containing at least one component (I) selected from unsubstituted, chloro- and methyl-substituted quinacridone and at least one component (II) selected from bis-(carbamoyl)-quinacridones, the carbamoyl groups of which are unsubstituted, N-mono-alkyl substituted or N,N-dialkyl-substituted, are pigments useful for coloring plastics and especially lacquers. These compositions are preferably prepared by joint ring closure of the corresponding 2,5-dianilino-terephthalic acids or esters.

Abstract: Active hydrogen-containing fluorochemical is used as a foam stabilizer for polyurethane foams. For example, rigid or flexible polyurethane foams with high or low density and uniform cellular structure are prepared using fluoroaliphatic radical-substituted poly(oxyalkylene) polyols as foam stabilizers.

Abstract: A process for preparing beta or gamma crystals of linear quinacridone, substituted quinacridone or solid solutions thereof by contacting premilled quinacridone with 45-60% by weight sulfuric acid and 0-10% by weight of a surfactant based on the quinacridone at a weight ratio of acid to quinacridone of 3:1-6:1 to form a slurry, agitating said slurry for a period of time at 45.degree.-75.degree. C., adding water to form a dilute slurry, agitating said dilute slurry for a period of time at 75.degree.-95.degree. C. and separating quinacridone from the liquid of the dilute slurry.

Abstract: A process for the production of a colored polyolefin molded articles comprising adding to a polyolefin either a compound of the formula D--CH.sub.2 O.OC--R]).sub.n as a colorant wherein D is the residue of a common organic pigment, R is an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 1-4, or a mixture of the compound of the above formula with at least one usual pigment, to form a mixture, and then molding the mixture thereby producing the desired colored articles. This invention also relates to the compound of said formula and to a mixture thereof with at least one common pigment.