Abstract: This invention relates to benzofuran/pyran derivatives of a new tricyclic amide compound, their composition and method of use for treating disorders of the melatoninergic system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chrolactomycin compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof having antibacterial and antitumor activities.

Abstract: Purification of poly-amino acid-tagged recombinant proteins has been improved by the use of a carboxymethylated aspartate ligand complexed with a third-block transition metal having an oxidation state of 2.sup.+ and a coordination number of 6. A method for synthesizing the metal ion-CM-Asp complex is also described. Further, the metal ion-CM-Asp complex can be used for screening protein function.

Abstract: A method for purifying sclareolide comprises a separation step wherein debris, e.g., microbial cell debris is removed, and further comprises extracting an organic solution of sclareolide with an acid solution, followed by an extraction of the partially purified sclareolide with a basic solution, thus yielding sclareolide of very high purity.

Abstract: The invention provides various derivatives of arglabin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia glabella. These compounds are effective for suppressing tumor growth in mammals. A method of suppressing tumor growth in humans is also described.

Abstract: A preparation process of isoimide comprising reacting a compound having one or more carboxyl group and one or more amide bond in the same molecule in the presence of a haloiminium salt and basic substance, and a preparation process of isoimide comprising reacting a compound having one or more carboxyl group with a compound having one or more amide bond in the presence of a haloiminium salt and basic substance are disclosed.

Abstract: Sesquiterpene derivatives, represented by the following formulae (I) and (II), having progesterone receptor binding inhibitory activity are disclosed. They can be used as therapeutic and prophylactic agents for progesterone-related diseases, for example, as a carcinostatic agent for breast cancer or ovarian cancer, a therapeutic agent for hysteromyoma, endometriosis, meningioma, or myeloma, an abortifacient, an oral contraceptive pill, or a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for osteoporosis or climacteric disturbance. These compounds have no steroid skeleton and, hence, are considered to be advantageously free from side effect inherent in steroid such as found in conventional progesterone receptor binding inhibitors having a steroid skeleton. ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxy, or phenylthio; R.sup.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxy or C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention provides novel physiologically active substances PF1092A, PF1092B and PF1092C, which can inhibit binding of progesterone to progesterone receptor. These substances were obtained by culturing a fungal microorganism belonging to the genus Penicillium using a medium containing ordinary nutrients for microorganisms and isolating the physiologically active substances PF1092A, PF1092B and PF1092C from the resulting culture mixture by means of solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and the like. Molecular formulae of the novel physiologically active substances PF1092A, PF1092B and PF1092C are C.sub.17 H.sub.20 O.sub.5, C.sub.17 H.sub.20 O.sub.5 and C.sub.15 H.sub.18 O.sub.4, respectively.

Abstract: Substituted lactone compounds are useful in the treatment of precancerous lesions and neoplasms.

Abstract: Ring D-modified gibberellin compounds are effective in promoting or inducing a desired tissue morphology and/or physiological state in plants, giving effects such as growth retardation or inhibition and inhibition of floral development.

Abstract: Cyclooctadiene derivative of the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 each independently represent COOR.sup.5 (where R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, a phenyl group, a C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aralkyl group or CONR.sup.6 R.sup.7 (where R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group or a phenyl group), or A.sup.1 and A.sup.2, and/or A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 may be combined together to represent group(s) of: ##STR2## in which X represents an oxygen atom or NR.sup.8 {where R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group or a phenyl group),R.sup.0, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group and an C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group,the symbol ------ represents a single or double bond, and when it is a double bond, then R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Immunosuppressive cyclolignan derivatives are provided of formula (I) or (II): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen, alkyl, acyl, or together R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form a group --CHR.sup.4 --; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, (poly)haloalkyl, aryl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, carboxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl; R.sup.5 when present is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, (poly)haloalkyl, acyl, carbamoyl, or thiocarbamoyl; R.sup.6 is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, acyl, acyloxyalkyl, carboxy or alkoxycarbonyl; Ar is 3,4,5-trialkoxyphenyl or 4-hydroxy-3,5-dialkoxyphenyl; and X is nitrogen or oxygen.

Abstract: Benzodifurantriones of Formula (1): ##STR1## in which W is unsubstituted or substituted aryl, a process for their preparation via dioxo intermediates and processes for their conversion into benzodifuranone dyes and compounds of Formula (7): ##STR2## are provided wherein R.sup.3 is --H, --COR.sup.2, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.2 -- which R.sup.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl and R.sup.4 is --COOR.sup.2, --CONRR.sup.1 in which R and R.sup.1 each independently is --H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl; --COOH or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts thereof; or --COX.sup.2 -- which X.sup.2 is halo.

Abstract: This invention provides novel physiologically active substances PF1092A, PF1092B and PF1092C, which can inhibit binding of progesterone to progesterone receptor.These substances were obtained by culturing a fungal microorganism belonging to the genus Penicillium using a medium containing ordinary nutrients for microorganisms and isolating the physiologically active substances PF1092A, PF1092B and PF1092C from the resulting culture mixture by means of solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and the like. Molecular formulae of the novel physiologically active substances PF1092A, PF1092B and PF1092C are C.sub.17 H.sub.20 O.sub.5, C.sub.17 H.sub.20 O.sub.5 and C.sub.15 H.sub.18 O.sub.4, respectively.

Abstract: Substituted lactone compounds are useful in the treatment of precancerous lesions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink jet printing process which comprises (1) incorporating into an ink jet printer an aqueous ink composition which comprises water, a humectant, and a colorant of the formula ##STR1## wherein X and X' each, independently of one another, are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, ester, or amide, wherein Z and Z' each, independently of one another, are either (A): ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, ester, amine, amide, ether, thioether, or --(O(CH.sub.2).sub.y).sub.z OH wherein y is an integer of from 1 to 3 and z is an integer of from 1 to about 50, wherein A, B, C, D, E, and F each, independently of one another, are hydrogen, --COOH, --SO.sub.3 M, wherein M is a cation, or --NR"R"', wherein R" and R"' each, independently of one another, are hydrogen, alkyl, or aryl, wherein at least one of A, A', B, and B' is not hydrogen, or (B): ##STR3## wherein S is hydrogen or --(O(CH.sub.2).sub.y).sub.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for preparing a polycyclic dye which comprises reacting a compound of the Formula (2): ##STR1## with a compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X and X.sup.1 are, for example, hydrogen or halogen, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 are halogen and Z is --CN, --CO.sub.2 R or --CONR.sup.1 R.sup.2 where R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, for example, alkyl. Processes for making compounds of Formulas (3) and (4) are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds which suppress immune responses and/or selectivly inhibit complement. These compounds contain an aromatic ring and are substituted dihydrobenzofurans, spirobenzofuran-2(3H)-cycloalkanes, and their open chain intermediates. The compounds of the present invention, and the phamaceutically acceptable salts thereof, interrupt the proteolytic processing of C5 to bioactive components, exhibit immunosuppressive activites, and have therapeutic utility in the amelioration of disease and disorders mediated by complement and/or immune activity.

Abstract: The synthesis of taxol and other tricyclic and tetracyclic taxanes.

Abstract: The disclosed hexenoic acid side-chain derivatives of mycophenolic acid are therapeutic agents advantageous in the treatment of disease states indicated for mycophenolic acid and/or mycophenolate mofetil, including immune, inflammatory, tumor, proliferative, viral or psoriatic disorders.

Abstract: Benzodifurantriones of Formula (1): ##STR1## in which W is unsubstituted or substituted aryl, a process for their preparation via dioxo intermediates and processes for their conversion into benzodifuranone dyes and compounds of Formula (7): ##STR2## are provided wherein R.sup.3 is --H, --COR.sup.2, --SO.sub.2 R.sup.2 -- which R.sup.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl and R.sup.4 is --COOR.sup.2, --CONRR.sup.1 in which R and R.sup.1 each independently is --H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl; --COOH or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts thereof; or --COX.sup.2 -- which X.sup.2 is halo.

Abstract: Process for the synthesis of taxol and other tricyclic and tetracyclic taxanes.

Abstract: A bislactone compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, which is useful as a stabilizer for polymers and as a raw material of a positive type resist:a process for producing the bislactone compound; anda positive resist composition comprising the bislactone compound.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a composition made by blending a benzodifuranone compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a methylene or straight or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene group optionally substituted with a hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylcarbonyloxy group; and Q represents 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring residue, with an anthraquinone compound of the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 represents an optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxyphenylsulfonyl group, and a method for dyeing hydrophobic materials using the composition to obtain red dyed products with excellent pH dependency and fastnesses to light and washing.

Abstract: A process for the production of sclareolide comprising the steps of: (1) providing an aqueous composition comprised of: (a) water; (b) sclareol, abienol, or a mixture of sclareol and abienol, (c) an effective amount of a ruthenium catalyst; and, (d) an emulsifying agent; (2) forming an aqueous alkaline composition by adding an alkali metal hydroxide to said aqueous composition; (3) reacting said aqueous alkaline composition with an oxidizing agent to form a crude product; andeither: (4) further reacting said crude product with base to form the salt of 8.alpha.-hydroxy-11-carboxyl-12, 13, 14, 15, 16-pentanorlabdane and; (5) reacting said salt with acid to form sclareolide;or: (4) heating said crude product to form sclareolide.

Abstract: Novel substituted cis-1,2-dihydroxy-cyclohexadiene compounds, useful as intermediates in the production of compounds for use as intermediates in the production of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, and a microbial process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: An anti-hyperlipemic agent which has a potent activity of reducing LDL and VLDL cholesterols, which are thought to be a risk factor for arteriosclerosis among total blood cholesterols, and which is excellent in the antioxidant activity on LDL, is provided. Additionally, a compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are disclosed, which is represented by Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group which is optionally substituted; R.sup.2 is a group represented by the formula: -COOR' (wherein R' is a lower alkyl or aralkyl which is optionally substituted), lower alkyl or halogenated lower alkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, together with adjacent carbonyl group, form a cyclohexanone ring represented by the formula: ##STR2## R.sup.3 is a phenyl group optionally being substituted, and, ring A is a benzene nucleus which is optionally substituted, or a heterocyclic ring containing S or 0 optionally being substituted!.

Abstract: There is provided a method of preparing an epoxide (1a) or (1b) shown below: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, allalkyl group, a silyl group, and a silyloxy group; the groups may be bonded with each other to form rings in the case where these groups can be bivalent; these groups may be the same or different, may have substituting groups, or may be branched; and each form (isomer) has a structure in which one side of the plane constituted by double bonds, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, is more seterically hindered in comparison with the other side;characterized in that:an olefin represented by the formula (2) below, is reacted with iodine in the presence of compound generating acyloxy ion, ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## Ar is optionally substituted phenyl, furyl, pyridyl, or thienyl; Y is selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, and alkoxycarbonyl; L is selected from ##STR2## and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or together define a group of formula ##STR3## are potent inhibitors of lipoxygenase enzymes and thus inhibit the biosynthesis of leukotrienes. These compounds are useful in the treatment or amelioration of allergic and inflammatory disease states.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula I: ##STR1## are inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective agents. They are also useful in treating angina, cerebral spasm, glomerular nephritis, hepatitis, endotoxemia, uveitis, and allograft rejection and in preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## Ar is selected from (a) phenyl, (b) phenyl substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, cyano, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, and alkoxycarbonyl, (c) furyl, (d) furyl substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, alkyl, and alkoxy, (e) pyridyl, (f) pyridyl substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, alkyl, and alkoxy, (g) thienyl, and (h) thienyl substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, alkyl, and alkoxy; L is selected from alkylene of one to three carbon atoms, alkenylene of two to three carbon atoms, and alkynylene of two to three carbon atoms, and ##STR2## wherein p is an integer of 1 to 4, inclusive, and R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, halogen, haloalkyl of one to four carbon atoms, and alkoxy of one to six carbon atoms;R.sup.1 is alkyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl; m is 1 or 2; Z is oxygen or CHOR.sup.

Abstract: A heterocyclic compound of the formula, ##STR1## wherein A and B are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy, R.sup.1 is alkylene having upto 6 carbon atoms, X is direct linkage or divalent group such as --O--, --S--and the like, T and U are each hydrogen or alkyl, l is 0 or 1 to 3, Q is 5-, 6- or 7- membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic residue, and Y is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or ##STR2## and B are taken together with each other to form methylene-dioxy, which is useful for dyeing or printing hydrophobic fiber materials with superior dyeability to give a dyed or printed product of a red color excellent in fastness properties, particularly those such as washing fastness.

Abstract: A composition for dyeing hydrophobic materials, such as polyester fiber materials, with a clear and sharp color fastness contains at least one benzodifuranone compound represented by a formulae (I) and at least one benzodifuranone compound represented by a formula (II), wherein the weight ratio of the at least one benzodifuranone compound represented by formula (I) to the at least one benzodifuranone compound represented by formula (II) is 90:10 to 10:90.

Abstract: Process for the synthesis of taxol and other tricyclic and tetracyclic taxanes.

Abstract: Disclosed are pH dyes containing a suitable compatible substituent which permits binding of the dye to a solid support. Also disclosed are methods for synthesizing such dyes prior to their coupling to the solid supports.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polycyclic dye of Formula (1): ##STR1## by reacting a compound of Formula (2): ##STR2## with a benzofuranone of Formula (3): ##STR3## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently is --H or alkyl;R.sup.3 is alkyl;R.sup.4 is --H or alkyl;R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently is alkyl; orR.sup.5 and R.sup.6 together with the N atom to which they are attached form a heteroalicyclic ring; andRing A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from one to three substituentsprovided that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 is --H.The polycyclic dyes of Formula (1) are useful for the coloration of synthetic textiles such as polyester to which they impart blue to navy shades.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: W.sup.1 is aryl;X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each independently selected from --H, --CN, halogen, alkyl, aryl and --COOH;Y is --H;Z is --OH; orY and Z together form a group of Formula (2): ##STR2## wherein: W.sup.2 is aryl;which comprises reacting a compound of Formula (3): ##STR3## wherein: X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Y and Z are as hereinbefore defined with a compound of Formula (4): ##STR4## wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A polycyclic dye of the Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from 1 to 3 groups;R.sup.1 is cycloalkyl;m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;n is 0 or 1;p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; andRing B is unsubstituted apart from the --O(CH.sub.2).sub.m (CO.sub.2).sub.n (CH.sub.2).sub.p --R.sup.1 or is substituted by from 1 to 4 further groups.The dyes are useful for the coloration of textile materials particularly synthetic textiles such as polyester.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polycyclic dye of Formula (1): ##STR1## by reacting a compound of Formula (2): ##STR2## with a benzofuranone of the Formula (3): ##STR3## wherein: Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from one to three groups;Ring B is unsubstituted, apart from the nitro group, or is substituted by one or two further groups;R is H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; andZ is an oxyammonium group, and certain novel compounds of Formula (2) are disclosed.The process provides a convenient route to polycyclic dyes which are useful for the coloration of synthetic textile materials particularly polyesters.

Abstract: (-)-2,5,5,8a-Tetramethyl-1-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxydecalin is subjected to lactonization by dehydration to form decahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl(3a.alpha.,5a.beta.,9a.alpha.,9b.beta.)-(+) -naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2(1H)-one, which is then reduced with a metal hydride to convert it into (-)-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-1-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxydecalin, followed by dehydrative cyclization to give L-ambrox.The (-)-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-1-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxydecalin is produced from its racemic mixture. The resolution is performed using a 1-(aryl)ethylamine. The starting material for the synthesis is beta-ionone.

Abstract: A benzodifuranone compounds of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a naphthyl group or an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl group, which is useful for dyeing or printing hydrophobic fiber materials, is prepared in high purity and high yield by allowing benzofuran compounds of the formula, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above, to react with acetonitrile compounds of the formula, ##STR3## wherein R.sup.2 is as defined above, and then carrying out an oxidation reaction to give the benzodifuranone compound.

Abstract: A polycylic dye of the Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is --OSO.sub.2 R in which R is optionally substituted alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, alkoxyaryl, cycloalkyl or heteroaryl;Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from one to three groups; andRing B is unsubstituted or is substituted by one or two groups in addition to the group R.sup.1.Dyes of the present invention are useful for the coloration of textile materials particularly synthetic textile materials such as polyester, dye mixtures comprising a polycyclic dye of Formula (1) and a different polycyclic dye or an azo dye show improved build-up on polyester material.

Abstract: A process for the production of sclareolide from sclareol comprising the steps ofA) oxidatively degrading sclareol to a reaction product which is one or both of the following compounds: ##STR1## using either a hypochlorite salt in the presence of a ruthenium salt or potassium permanganate, andB) oxidizing the above reaction product with a peracid or salt thereof to form sclareolide.The above process results in good yields and much shorter reaction times than prior art processes.

Abstract: Described are polyhydrodimethylnaphthalene spirofuran derivatives defined according to the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein the dashed line represents a carbon-carbon single bond or a carbon-carbon double bond a process for preparing same and uses thereof in augmenting, enhancing or imparting an aroma in or to perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles including but not limited to solid or liquid, anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, fabric softener compositions, fabric softener articles and hair preparations.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula I: ##STR1## are inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis. These compounds are useful as anti-asthmatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective agents. They are also useful in treating angina, cerebral spasm, glomerular nephritis, hepatitis, endotoxemia, uveitis and allograft rejection and in preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Abstract: A heterocyclic compound which is useful for dyeing or printing hydrophobic fiber materials and which has the following formula (I), ##STR1##wherein A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3 and A.sub.4 are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl, X.sub.1 is --O-- or the like, R.sub.1 is a methylene or the like, X.sub.2 is a direct linkage or a divalent group of --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, ##STR2## in which R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, ##STR3## in which R.sub.3 is as defined above, T and u are each independently hydrogen or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl, l is O or an integer of 1 to 3, Q is an unsubstituted or substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic residue, Y is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group or the like.

Abstract: A dyestuff comprising a mixture of two or more compounds of Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 & R.sup.2 are each independently selected from --H, nitro, halogen, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxyphenyl, cyano, --COOR and --SR, hydroxy, OCO.C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, --SO.sub.2 OH, --SO.sub.2 Cl, --SO.sub.2 C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, --NR.sub.2 and --CONR.sub.2, --OC.sub.1-6 -alkyl-COOR.sup.7 ; --OC.sub.1-6 -alkylOR.sup.7, --OC.sub.1-6 -alkylOR.sup.7 OR.sup.7, and --OC.sub.1-6 -alkylOCOR.sup.7, --OC.sub.2-6 -alkenyl, --OC.sub.1-6 -alkyl-Z, --OC.sub.1-6 -alkylOC.sub.1-6 -alkyl-Z and --OC.sub.1-6 -alkylSC.sub.1-6 -alkyl-Z in which Z is a 5-, 6- or 7- membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic residue; andR.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 & R.sup.6 are each independently selected from -H, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, halogen and C.sub.1-6 --alkoxy,in which each R independently is --H, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl or phenyl and in which each R.sup.7 independently is --H, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, --C.sub.1-6 -alkyl-C.sub.

Abstract: The primary hydroxy group of Corey lactone diols is optically selectively acylated to obtain the desired optically active ester and/or diol. The mixture of Corey lactone diols of formulae (Ia) and (Ib): ##STR1## is reacted with an acylating agent optically selectively in the presence of an enzyme and/or a microorganism thereby to acylate, isolate and purify the primary alcohol.

Abstract: A photochemotherapeutic compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein (i) n is zero, W is a (C.sub.1-16) alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl linear or branched chain hydrocarbon, having no more than four O, N, or S atoms in or attached to the chain; or(ii) n is 1, W is CR or CR.sub.2, and R, R', and R" are independently H or CH.sub.3 ; or(iii) N is 2, W is CR or CR.sub.2, and R, R', and R" are independently H or CH.sub.3 ; andA, B, C, and D are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, halogen, amino, aminoalkyl, nitro, alkoxy, aryloxy, hydroxy, carboxy, haloalkyl, or haloalkoxy, particularly compounds of the foregoing structure in which W is a charged substiuent and n=0 or 1.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a polycyclic dye of the Formula (1): ##STR1## by reacting a ketal ester of the Formula (2): ##STR2## with a benzofuranone of the Formula (3): ##STR3## wherein: Ring A is unsubstituted or is substituted by from one to three groups:Ring B is unsubstituted, apart from the nitro group, or is substituted by one or two additional groups;each R is independently alkyl.The polycyclic dyes described are useful for the coloration of synthetic textile materials especially polyesters.