Abstract: A curing agent (A) for resins (B) which can be cured by means of isocyanates, which has an amine number of 20 to 150 mg of KOH/g and an OH number of not more than 20 mg of KOH/g and which contains per molecule at least two masked isocyanate groups which are reactive under the conditions of curing, obtained by reacting(a) an amine which contains at least one .beta.-hydroxylalkyl group per molecule and has an OH number of 100 to 1,200 mg of KOH/g and an amine number of 100 to 1,200 mg of KOH/g and which, if appropriate, also contains NHCO groups, if appropriate as a mixture with another OH-functional and/or NH-functional compound, with(b) a partly masked isocyanate, if appropriate as a mixture with an at least difunctional, OH-reactive and/or NH-reactive compound.These curing agents are readily dispersible in aqueous systems, if appropriate after neutralization, and frequently increase stability in aqueous paint formulations.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing monoalkylcarbamate group-containing compounds comprising reacting a hydroxy group-containing compound with an organic halide and an alkali metal cyanate in the conjoint presence of a phase transfer catalyst and a solvent.

Abstract: Methods for lowering the free formaldehyde release in carbamate durable press treatment solution and finished fabric are disclosed. Concentrated carbamate finishing agent solution of lowered free formaldehyde content comprises oxidizing a carbamate finishing agent solution containing free formaldehyde with a sufficient amount of magnesium monoperoxyphthalate oxidant to decrease the free formaldehyde content of the solution. Sufficient amount of catalyst is added to this solution to produce press properties in cellulose containing fabric to make a treatment bath. Cellulose containing fabric is immersed in this bath for sufficient time and temperature to produce lowered free formaldehyde release carbamate durable press finished fabric.

Abstract: What is disclosed are novel hot melt adhesives having pressure sensitive properties that are comprised of a combination of two acrylic-based copolymers containing the novel monomer 1(2)-methyl-3-oxa-4-oxo-5-aza-nonyl methacrylate, one of the copolymers being a low glass transition temperature (Tg) copolymer and the other a high Tg copolymer and which hot melt adhesives, by means of reversible hydrogen bond formation and dissociation, possess the reversible properties of providing a strong cohesive strength at ambient temperature but also having a melt viscosity at elevated coating temperatures such that it can be used in hot melt coating equipment; a process for making said hot melt adhesives; and a process for making adhesive tapes and bandages using said adhesives.

Abstract: Vinyl ether terminated urethane resins may be prepared by reacting the product obtained by the addition of acetylene to an organic polyol with an isocyanate-containing compound at temperatures ranging from about ambient to about 125.degree. C. The thus prepared resin may then be cured by irradiation from an electron beam, thermally or by exposure to an ultraviolet light to cure the resin and form a coating material.

Abstract: The invention is a process for the preparation of halohydroxyalkyl carbamates which comprises contacting an epihalohydrin carbonate with a secondary amine-containing compound, wherein the secondary amine has a pKa at which the secondary amine will react with the epihalohydrin carbonate and which does not catalyze the formation of unwanted by-products in the further presence of an acid scavenger capable of forming a salt with the hydrogen halide by-product formed, in an amount sufficient to prevent the formation of unwanted by-products, in a polar organic solvent under conditions such that a halohydroxyalkyl carbamate, wherein the carbamate nitrogen is tertiary, is prepared.

Abstract: Surfactants which are blocked against surfactant action (identified herein as "photolabile blocked surfactants") by a photolabile protective or masking group but which, on exposure to actinic radiation, become unblocked are provided. Coating compositions in which surfactant is formed on irradiation are provided by blending the photolabile blocked surfactant with polymeric film-forming materials.Compositions containing the photolabile blocked surfactants are useful when employed as protective coatings on various substrates or as the adhesive in a pressure sensitive adhesive tape. Although initially well adhering to a substrate, such compositions may be readily removed from the substrate following exposure of the same to suitable radiation which unblocks the surfactant to permit it to regain its surfactant activity.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of N,o-substituted mono- and/or polyurethanes of formulaR.sup.1 [--NHCOOR.sup.2 ].sub.n,in whichR.sup.1 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic, or heterocyclic radical, which may be substituted,R.sup.2 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or araliphatic radical which may be substituted with alkoxy or polyoxyalkylene groups, andn is a whole number from 1 to 5,through the reaction of N-substituted allophanates and/or polyallophanates with alcohols R.sup.2 OH in the presence or absence of catalysts at temperatures of at least 160.degree. C., preferably from 165.degree. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: Polymerizable carbamoyloxyalkyldicarboxylic acid esters, carrying hydroxyl groups, of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or allyl or hydroxyalkyl having in each case 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, R.sup.2 represents alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having in each case 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical or the radical ##STR2## subject to the proviso that R.sup.1 is hydrogen and x is an integer from 2 to 20, R.sup.3 represents linear or branched alkylene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.5 represents hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyaminoalkyl having in each case 2 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical or an alkyl radical of this type which also contains ester and/or ether groups, and a process for their preparation.The esters according to the invention can be used for the preparation of copolymers.

Abstract: Water-soluble polyacetylenic alkali metal salts from monomers and polymers of carboxymethyl urethanes of di-, tetra-, and hexayne diols, or from the corresponding diacids; useful in thermal and irradiation exposure indicators and/or in detection and/or removal of nonalkali metal ions dissolved in aqueous media.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for the preparation of N,o-substituted mono- and/or polyurethanes of formulaR.sup.1 [--NHCOOR.sup.2 ].sub.n,in whichR.sup.1 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic, or heterocyclic radical, which may be substituted,R.sup.2 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or araliphatic radical which may be substituted with alkoxy or polyoxyalkylene groups, andis a whole number from 1 to 5,through the reaction of N-substituted allophanates and/or polyallophanates with alcohols R.sup.2 OH in the presence or absence of catalysts at temperatures of at least 160.degree. C., preferably from 165.degree. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: Water-soluble zwitterionic compounds having clay soil removal/anti-redeposition properties. The zwitterionic compounds are selected from monozwitterionic compounds, dizwitterionic compounds, polyzwitterionic compounds, and zwitterionic polymers. These zwitterionic compounds are useful in detergent compositions at from about 0.05 to about 95% by weight. In addition to the zwitterionic compounds, the detergent compositions further comprise from about 1 to about 75% by weight of a nonionic, anionic, ampholytic, zwitterionic, or cationic detergent surfactant or mixture thereof.

Abstract: Carbamic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, X, and Y are as defined hereinafter, process for their preparation, as well as pesticidal compositions containing these compounds as the active ingredient and methods for using the pesticidal compositions for the control of pests are described.

Abstract: A process for producing a urethane compound which comprises reacting at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a primary amine, a secondary amine and a urea compound with carbon monoxide and an organic hydroxyl compound in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:(a) at least one member selected from the group consisting of platinum group metals and compounds containing at least one platinum group element; and(b) at least one halogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of alkali or alkaline earth metal halides, onium halides, compounds capable of forming onium halides in the reaction, oxo acids of halogen atoms and their salts, complex compounds containing halogen ions, organic halides and halogen molecules,in the presence of molecular oxygen and/or an organic nitro compound as an oxidizing agent at a temperature of from about 80.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. under a pressure of from about 1 Kg/cm.sup.2 to about 500 Kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing vinyl compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Rf is fluoroalkyl of 4 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or acyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is hydrogen and the other is methyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl, A is a divalent organic group, and l, m and n are each an integer of 0 to 40 and satisfy 0<l+m+n.ltoreq.40, which can modify surface properties of resins.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel antimicrobial agents. More particularly, this invention is directed to 2-(3-iodo-2-propynyloxy)-ethyl carbamates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl of from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl, substituted aryl, aralkyl, or arylsulfonyl;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each are hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or cycloalkyl of from 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, taken together, represent --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --, in which m is an integer of from 4 to 6; andR.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different, each represent hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or aryl, or CCl.sub.3, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.4 and R.sup.6, taken together, represent --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, in which n is an integer of from 3 to 5,as well as a process for their preparation and their use as antimicrobial agents.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a radical derived from an organic diisocyanate or triisocyanate and n is 2 or 3, and the preparation thereof. The compounds are especially useful in anaerobic adhesives and sealants.

Abstract: There is herein provided a urethane-containing material having one or more moieties of the structure: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group; wherein X is hydrogen, an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group, or wherein X is a moiety of the structure: ##STR2## of which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, each independently, hydrogen, an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group, or members of a cyclic or heterocyclic group. The urethane-containing material is particularly useful as a low temperature curing agent for active hydrogen-containing compositions.

Abstract: Polydiacetylene gel compositions, comprised of a polydiacetylene and a gel-forming liquid therefor, are described which undergo a change in color and in physical state to a solution when heated to a predetermined temperature. The gel compositions exhibit hysteresis temperature characteristics which allow the original color change to be maintained and recorded until the solution is cooled below the predetermined temperature. Thus, the gel compositions are useful in temperature-indicating devices for reversibly monitoring a wide range of temperatures. A novel class of polydiacetylene compounds is also described, useful in forming the gel compositions, formed from monomeric diacetylenediol bis(alkoxycarbonylmethylurethanes).

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of alkyl carbamates from urea and aliphatic alcohols. The process is carried out under a vacuum, preferably at least 20 inches, and preferably in the presence of magnesium oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,O-disubstituted urethanes. Primary amines and alcohols are reacted with organic compounds having carbonyl groups at 120.degree. to 350.degree. C. Suitable carbonyl-containing compounds include N-unsubstituted urethanes. N-mono-substituted, N,N'-disubstituted ureas, or polyureas may be used in combination with the N-unsubstituted urethane. The product urethanes are particularly suitable for the preparation of isocyanates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of N,O-disubstituted urethanes comprising reacting N-mono- or N,N'-disubstituted ureas or linear polyureas with aliphatic carbonic esters.

Abstract: (N-Substituted carbamoyloxy) alkanoyloxyalkyl acrylate esters produced by reacting an hydroxyalkyl acrylate with a lactone monomer and capping the resulting adduct with an isocyanate. The resulting product is useful in ink, paint or adhesive formulations curable by thermal or radiation means.

Abstract: Dimethacrylates are provided having the following chemical structure: ##STR1## where n represents a number of 2 to 8;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are hydrogen or groups of the formula: ##STR2## where R.sub.3 is an aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms. These compounds are useful in dental material which cures to form polymers having high mechanical strength, low water sorption, resistance to staining, good color stability when exposed to short-wave radiation (e.g., sunlight) and good chemical resistance to the oral environment. Also provided are a method for polymerizing these compounds in situ on teeth and a tooth comprising polymers of these compounds.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable oligomers, which are particularly useful in printing plate compositions, comprise backbones formed by the removal of hydrogen from hydroxyl groups and having bonded thereto both carboxylic acid groups and ethylenically unsaturated, free radical polymerizable groups, these last two groups bonded to the backbone through the reaction of isocyanate groups.

Abstract: Carbamates, such as ethyl carbamate, are prepared by contacting an alcohol, such as ethanol, with cyanogen and water in the presence of a dipolar, aprotic solvent, such as acetonitrile, and an acid catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: A process for producing urethanes by reacting primary amines, carbon monoxide and organic hydroxyl compounds in the presence of molecular oxygen and/or organic nitro compounds as oxidizing agents and a catalyst system comprising a noble metal and/or a compound of a noble metal of the 8th subgroup of the Periodic System of Elements and a compound capable of undergoing Redox reactions under reaction conditions of the 3rd to 5th main group and/or 1st to 8th subgroup of the Periodic System of Elements.

Abstract: A process for the production of carbamates is provided in which an organic primary or secondary amine is contacted, in the substantial absence of reactive oxygen, with a source of carbon monoxide, an organic compound containing at least one hydroxyl group and a source of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of non-halide compounds and complexes of metals of Groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII, IB and IIIA of the Periodic Table. Further improved results are obtained by employing in the reaction zone at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of metals of Group IA and IIA of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: Curable coating compositions which contain, as the binder, one or more olefinically unsaturated compounds containing urethane groups, with or without one or more olefinically unsaturated compounds copolymerizable therewith, in which the olefinically unsaturated compound containing urethane groups is a reaction product of vinyl isocyanate and a compound which contains at least one hydroxyl group and at least one radical of an ester of an .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid of 3 to 6 carbon atoms. The compositions may, for example, be used for the manufacture of coatings which can be cured with electron beams.

Abstract: Surface-active esters of aliphatic polyols containing at least 3 hydroxyl groups and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic acylaminocarboxylic acids, which contain a total of at least 8, preferably 12-60, carbon atoms and which are acylated by aliphatic carboxylic acids with 1-4 carbon atoms, aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids or aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic sulphonic, carbonic or carbamic acids, are suitable as auxiliaries in the dyeing of textile materials.

Abstract: Liquid phase processable crystalline diacetylene polymers are obtained by the solid state reaction of monomers having the formulaR.sub.1 --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sub.2where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of(a) CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.m --(b) HO(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- and(c) R.sub.3 NHOCO(CH.sub.2).sub.p --where "m" is an integer of from 0 to 15, "n" is an integer of from 1 to 15, "p" is an integer of from 1 to 15, and R.sub.3 is a member selected from the group consisting of(i) C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.r --(ii) CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.r -- and(iii) C.sub.10 H.sub.7 (CH.sub.2).sub.r --where "r" is an integer of from 0 to 11; with the proviso that where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same and are either (b) or (c), neither "n" nor "p" equals 1; and with the further proviso that where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different and are either (b) or (c), the sum of "n" plus "p" is greater than 2.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the production of urethanes (i.e. carbamic acid esters) by reacting organic nitro compounds with carbon monoxide and organic compounds containing at least one hydroxy group in the presence of a unique catalyst system. The catalyst system consists of palladium or a palladium compound and iron oxychloride or a mixture of iron compounds containing iron oxychloride.

Abstract: The invention relates to antistatic polyamide compositions comprising a polyamide and as an antistatic agent from 0.1 to 20%, preferably from 1.5 to 15%, by weight based on the total weight of the composition of urethanes with ether groups. The urethanes with ether groups are stable in melts of aliphatic polyamides for prolonged periods at temperatures of up to about 300.degree. C. and filaments and fibers of such polyamides or woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven or pile fabrics produced from these filaments or fibers show outstanding antistatic properties.

Abstract: Unsaturated carbamoyloxy carboxylates having low color are produced by reacting hydroxyalkyl carbamates such as N-methyl 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate with acrylic or methacrylic acid in contact with a lower alkoxy substituted phenolic or alkylated alkoxyphenolic polymerization inhibitor at a critical low reaction temperature of 40.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. Novel unsaturated carbamoyloxy carboxylates are also disclosed.

Abstract: Carbamates are manufactured by reaction of alcohols with urea in the presence of ion exchangers containing nickel.The products are starting materials for the manufacture of textile finishing agents, dyes and plant protection agents.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of N-alkyl and N-alkenyl carbamates by reacting a hydroxyl compound with a carbamyl chloride essentially free from phosgene and hydrogen chloride at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 130.degree. C in alkyl or halogen benzenes as solvent.

Abstract: Poly-carbonyloxyurethanes of the formula:A O--CO--NH--O--CO--R!.sub.n (1)wherein A is a linking group to which the oxygen atoms are attached at alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl carbon atoms, n is an integer of value at least 2, and each R which may be the same or different, is the residue of a monobasic carboxylic acid of formula R--COOH, and their salts, especially salts with cations based on teritary amines, are useful cross-linking or chain-extending agents for natural or synthetic polymers, or may be used as adhesives for binding these materials to each other or to metal substrates.

Abstract: Sulfonylureas are prepared by reacting a hydroxyethyl carbamate with an alkali metal salt of a substituted benzene sulfonamide, the alkali metal being selected from the group comprising sodium, potassium and lithium.

Abstract: Brominated carbamoyl derivatives of the structure:R.sub.2 N -- C(O) --O--(R.sup.1).sub.n -- CH.sub.2 --C (X).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- (R.sup.1).sub.n --O--C(O)NR.sub.2wherein:R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkanol, cycloalkyl of from 5 to 7 carbon atoms, phenyl, alkyl substituted by phenyl, phenyl substituted by alkyl, hydroxy terminated oxyalkylene, hydroxy substituted hydroxy terminated oxyalkylene and halogen substituted hydroxy terminated oxyalkylene;R.sup.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene; oxyalkylene, hydroxy substituted oxyalkylene, halogen substituted oxyalkylene and alkylene or oxyalkylene substituted by the group -- O -- C(O)NR.sub.

Abstract: Vinyl ether terminated urethane resins may be prepared by reacting the product obtained by the addition of acetylene to an organic polyol with an isocyanate-containing compound at temperatures ranging from about ambient to about 125.degree. C. The thus prepared resin may then be cured by irradiation from an electron beam, thermally or by exposure to an ultraviolet light to cure the resin and form a coating material.