Abstract: Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bicyclic labdane diterpenes for use in the treatment of a disease associated with activation of transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6), preferably a pulmonary or a renal disease. In one aspect the invention relates to the use of a bicyclic labdane diterpene for blocking calcium transport via TRPC6. Another aspect of the invention is a bicyclic labdane diterpene according to formula (1) for use as a medicament wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen and C1 to C4 acyl, wherein the bicyclic labdane diterpene optionally comprises at least one double bond between the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 2, 2 and 3, 5 and 6, 6 and 7 and/or 14 and 15, wherein the carbon atoms at positions 1, 2, 3, 7, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 are connected to hydrogen atoms or comprise at least one substitution.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) in the form of any one of its stereoisomers or mixtures thereof, and wherein R represents a C2-C10 group of formula CORa wherein Ra is an alkyl or alkenyl group optionally comprising one or two ether functional groups or is a phenyl or benzyl group optionally substituted by one to three alkyl, alkoxyl, carboxyl, acyl, amino or nitro groups or halogen atoms. The invention concerns also the use of compound (I) for the synthesis of ?-santalol or of derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Abstract: Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Abstract: The present disclosure features a strain-promoted [2+2+2] reaction that can be carried out under physiological conditions. In general, the reaction involves reacting a pi-electrophile with a low lying LUMO with a quadricyclane on a biomolecule, generating a covalently modified biomolecule. The selectivity of the reaction and its compatibility with aqueous environments provides for its application in vivo and in vitro. The reaction is compatible with modification of living cells. In certain embodiments, the pi-electrophile can comprise a molecule of interest that is desired for delivery to a quadricyclane-containing biomolecule via [2+2+2] reaction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound of Formula (I) is provided. In Formula (I), A is benzene, naphthalene, pyridine, furan, thiophene or a single bond, D is benzene, naphthalene, pyridine, furan, thiophene or a single bond, R1 and R2 are C1-10 alkyl, C1-10 alkoxy, fluoro or trifluoro methyl, E is benzene, naphthalene, pyridine, furan, thiophene or a single bond, W is —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—, —CH2—CH2—, —CH?CH—, —CH2—O— or a single bond, Z is benzene, naphthalene, pyridine, furan, thiophene or a single bond, Y is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl, m is 0, 1 or 2, p is 0, 1 or 2, r is 0, 1 or 2, q is 0, 1 or 2, and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3. The invention also provides a liquid crystal display and photochromic material including the compound.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a chiral dopant having the following formula: wherein X1 and X2 are independently wherein F is fluorine, m is a positive integer from 1 to 8, and n is a positive integer from 1 to 4; Y1 and Y2 are independently —O—, —CH2CH2—, —CH?CH—, —C(O)O—, or —CH2O—; and R1, R2 are independently substituted or non-substituted C1-C10 linear alkyl, wherein substituents of the substituted C1-C10 linear alkyl are independently —F, —Cl, —OCF3, —NCS, or —CN, wherein a number of backbone carbon atoms in each of —Y1R1 and —Y2R2 is larger than 3.

Abstract: New salts or ion-pair complexes obtained by a reaction between boswellic acids or selectively enriched 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-?-boswellic acid (AKBA) or 11-keto-?-boswellic acid (KBA) compounds obtained through a new improved process, and an organic amine, more particularly with glucosamine. These salts or ion pair complexes are useful in nutraceuticals and in food supplements for anti-inflammatory and analgesic treatment of joints and cancer prevention or cancer therapeutic agents. These salts or ion pair complexes could also be used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition for external treatment of body parts or organs to treat inflammatory diseases or cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides edible compositions comprising a compound of the present invention, food products comprising such edible compositions and methods of preparing such food products. The present invention also provides methods of reducing the amount of NaCl in a food product, methods of reducing the sodium intake in a diet, and methods of reducing bitter taste in a food product.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method of counteracting a malodor by introducing a malodor counteracting effective amount of a novel 3.2.1-bicyclo-octene or -octane compound represented by formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acetate, carbonate monomethyl ester, and allyloxy; and wherein the broken line represents a single or double bond.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and their use in fragrance compositions. Novel 3.2.1-bicyclo-octene and -octane compounds of the present invention are represented by formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acetate, carbonate monomethyl ester, and allyloxy; and wherein the broken line represents a single or double bond.

Abstract: This invention discloses N-cyclopropyl-(20R)-2-methylene-19,26,27-trinor-25-aza-vitamin D analogs, and specifically N-cyclopropyl-(20R)-2-methylene-19,26,27-trinor-25-aza-1?-hydroxyvitamin D3 and pharmaceutical uses therefor. This compound exhibits relatively high binding activity and pronounced activity in arresting the proliferation of undifferentiated cells and inducing their differentiation to the monocyte thus evidencing use as an anti-cancer agent especially for the treatment or prevention of leukemia, colon cancer, breast cancer, skin cancer or prostate cancer.

Abstract: Indene derivatives that are utilizable as intermediates in the synthesis of the vitamin D2 derivative paricalcitol, which is useful as pharmaceutical are efficiently prepared by subjecting a vitamin D2 derivative such as 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 to a two-steps oxidation reaction using an oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganates and sodium periodate in a suitable solvent such as methanol and ethanol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a norbornene monomer composition, a norbornene polymer produced using the norbornene monomer composition, an optical film including the norbornene polymer, and a method for producing the norbornene polymer. The method includes reacting a reaction solution that contains cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, or a mixture of cyclopentadiene and dicyclopentadiene, an acetate compound, and a solvent so that a content of an exo isomer is 50 mol % or more. Variables such as a reaction temperature, a reaction time, a molar ratio between reactants, and addition of a solvent are controlled so that the exo isomer is contained in content of 50 mol % or more. Accordingly, it is possible to industrially produce an acetate norbornene addition polymer by using the acetate norbornene monomer composition containing the exo isomer in content of 50 mol % or more.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and compositions for treatment, inhibition or reduction of metastasis in cancers. In particular, the invention is related to compositions and methods affecting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). An aspect of the present invention comprises a method for interfering with the activity of connective tissue growth factor, comprising, administering to a subject an effective amount of a composition that inhibits production of or activity of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), wherein the composition interferes with the activity of CTGF or prevents the transcription of CTGF genes or translation of CTGF mRNA. For example, the composition can comprises at least one HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor compound, such as a statin.

Abstract: The present invention provides oral pravastatin formulations comprising a physical mixture of pravastatin and at least one pharmaceutically-acceptable excipient, wherein the composition for at least 6 months after its preparation is stable and has a pH of greater than about 7 to less than 9, as well as methods for the preparation and use of these stable formulations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and their use in fragrance compositions. Novel 3.2.1-bicyclo-octene and -octane compounds of the present invention are represented by formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acetate, carbonate monomethyl ester, and allyloxy; and wherein the broken line represents a single or double bond.

Abstract: Several ursolic acid derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are provided. The ursolic acid derivatives and the pharmaceutical compositions thereof have at least one of an anticancer and an anti-inflammatory effects. A method for increasing a reactive oxygen species in a cell is also provided. The method comprises a step of providing the cell with a pharmaceutical composition including an ursolic acid derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dienol compound of formula in the form of any one of its stereoisomers or mixture thereof, wherein R represents a methyl or ethyl group; R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group; R4 represents a C1-C3 alkyl, alkenyl or acyl group or a C3-C8 silyl group.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for prostratin analogs, bryostatin analogs, prodrugs of prostratin and prostratin analogs, methods of making prostratin analogs, and methods of making prodrugs of prostratin and prostratin analogs, methods of use of prostratin analogs, bryostatin analogs, and prodrugs thereof, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new class of compounds, ?-decalones or decalols with a 6,7,8a-trimethyl substitution, and their use in perfumery to confer odor notes of the citrus (e.g. grapefruit) type.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dentinogenesis inducer and dentinogenesis pulp-capping material, which are effectively used for formation (regeneration) of dentin. The present invention also provides a method of producing odontoblasts useful for dental regenerative therapy and the application of the obtained odontoblasts. The dentinogenesis inducer and the dentinogenesis pulp-capping material of the present invention are both characterized by the use of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor as an active ingredient. Additionally, odontoblasts can be produced by culturing cells capable of differentiating into odontoblasts in the presence of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.

Abstract: The present application describes deuterium-enriched pravastatin, pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods of treating using the same.

Abstract: Novel positive-working photoresist compositions are disclosed. The monomers of the base resin of the resist contain diamondoid-containing pendant groups higher than adamantane in the polymantane series; for example, diamantane, triamantane, tetramantane, pentamantane, hexamantane, etc. The diamondoid-containing pendant group may have hydrophilic-enhancing substituents such as a hydroxyl group, and may contain a lactone group. Advantages of the present compositions include enhanced resolution, sensitivity, and adhesion to the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phototunable chiral dopant represented by the following structure: wherein: A, B, C and D are independent divalent groups; X and Z are any independently selected substituent; n is an integer and independently varies from 0 to 3; q is an integer and independently varies from 0 to 5; RNG1 and RNG2 independently represent any ring group; m represents an integer independently varying from 0 to 4; p represents an integer independently varying from 1 to 4; Q independently represents a carbon C—RC, or nitrogen, wherein RC is independently hydrogen or any substituent. The invention also relates to the use of the dopant in a liquid crystalline composition and a display containing the same, as well as a material composition comprising an enantiomeric excess of one enantiomer of the compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer which has at least one or more of a repeating unit represented by a following general formula (1a), a repeating unit represented by a following general formula (2a) and a repeating unit represented by a following general formula (3b), and a repeating unit represented by a following general formula (1c), and a positive resist composition which contains as a base resin the polymer. Thereby, there can be provided a positive-resist composition having high sensitivity and high resolution in exposure with a high energy beam, wherein line edge roughness is small since swelling at the time of development is suppressed, and the residue after development is few.

Abstract: A process for making tricyclodecenyl esters is disclosed. A C2-C4 carboxylic acid and a dicyclopentadiene react in the presence of triflic acid under conditions effective to produce the ester. The process gives tricyclodecenyl esters in good yield while avoiding the need to use a large excess of the carboxylic acid. The process efficiently provides fragrance-quality tricyclodecenyl esters from technical grade dicyclopentadienes and/or recycled carboxylic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluorine-containing allyl ether compound represented by the formula 1, wherein R represents an organic group containing at least one fluorine atom and an alicyclic structure. The invention further relates to a fluorine-containing copolymer containing a first unit derived from the fluorine-containing allyl ether represented by the formula 1; and a second unit derived from a vinyl monomer.

Abstract: Lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, mevastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin and cervastatin and derivatives and analogs thereof are known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and are used as antihypercholesterolemic agents. The majority of them are produced by fermentation using microorganisms of different species identified as species belonging to an Aspergillus, Monascus, Nocardia, Amycolatopsis, Mucor, or Penicillium genus, some are obtained by treating the fermentation products using the methods of chemical synthesis (simvastatin) or they are the products of total chemical synthesis (fluvastatin, atorvastatin and cervastatin). The present invention relates to a crystalline form of the sodium salt of pravastatin, which is known by the chemical name 1-naphthaleneheptanoic acid, 1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-?,?,6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-, mono sodium salt, which is useful as a pharmaceutical substance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel class of compounds useful as chiral dopants, which compounds are available in both enantiomeric forms. Another aspect of the invention relates to such compounds having a enantiomeric excess of one enantiomeric form, which are useful in liquid crystal formulations. Such formulations are advantageous in displays and various other products.

Abstract: New polymorphic forms of pravastatin sodium are provided. Each of the new forms is selectively obtained by crystallization from different solvent systems, each solvent system having a protic component, and by controlling the rate of crystallization through temperature. The new polymorphic forms are suitable for use as active substances of pharmaceutical dosage forms for reduction of serum cholesterol levels in the bloodstream.

Abstract: 2-(S)-hydroxymutilin carbamate derivatives of formula (I), in which R1 is a 5- or 6-membered optionally substituted heteroaryl group; and R2 is vinyl or ethyl, are useful in the treatment of bacterial infections

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel compounds of formula (I), wherein the dotted line bond is present or not, and wherein R1 represents: when the dotted line bond is present —CHCH3OH or —CHCH3OCOR or —CHCH3XCH2CHOHR? or —CHCH3OCHR?CH2OH or formula (II) when the dotted line bond is absent —CHCH3OH or —CHCH3OCOR or —COCH3 or formula (II) or —CHCH3XCH2CHOHR? or —CH2CH2XCH2CHOHR? or —CHCH3OCHR?CH2OH or —CHCHCOR? or —CH2CH2CHR?OH or —CH2CH2CHR?OCOR or CHCHCHOHR? or —CHCHCHR?OCOR, wherein R represents H, Me, Et, Pr, isoPr, But, isoBut, CH3CH2)4, (CH3)2CHCH2, CH2CH, (CH3)2CCH, and R? represents H, Me or Et, and X represents O, N or S, and their preparation method. Because of their fragrance, said compounds are highly interesting for the perfume industry, for cosmetic and care products.

Abstract: The present invention provides pravastatin sodium substantially free of pravastatin lactone and epiprava, the C-6 epimer of pravastatin. The present invention further provides a novel process for recovering pravastatin sodium from a fermentation broth in such high purity. The process includes the stages of forming an solution of the compound by extraction, obtaining an ammonium salt of pravastatin from the solution, purifying the ammonium salt of the compound and transposing the salt of the compound to pravastatin sodium.

Abstract: Lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, mevastatin, atorvastatin, and derivatives and analogs thereof are known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and are used as antihypercholesterolemic agents. The majority of them are produced by fermentation using microorganisms of different species identified as species belonging to Aspergillus, Monascus, Nocardia, Amycolatopsis, Mucor or Penicillium genus, some are obtained by treating the fermentation products using the methods of chemical synthesis or they are the products of total chemical synthesis.

Abstract: A process for purifying pravastatin sodium comprising the steps of: a. clarifying a fermentation broth containing pravastatin sodium to obtain a clear solution; and adjusting the clear solution to be basic having pH value ranging from pH 10˜13; b. adsorbing the pravastatin sodium with non-ionic resin; eluting the pravastatin sodium by water-soluble organic solvent; and forming a concentrate of pravastatin sodium; c. treating the concentrate with water-soluble anti-solvent or inorganic salt to form a precipitate of pravastatin sodium; and d. recrystallizing the precipitate for making pravastatin sodium crystal with high purity and high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for production of an anticancer taxoid brevifoliol of the formula 1 1

Abstract: A process for the preparation of sodium salts of statins, namely Compactin, Lovastatin and Pravastatin.

Abstract: A crystalline form of the sodium salt of pravastatin, which is known by the chemical name 1-naphthaleneheptanoic acid, 1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-&bgr;, &dgr;,6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-8-(2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)-, mono sodium salt, which is useful as a pharmaceutical substance. A method for its preparation and isolation, a pharmaceutical formulation containing the sodium salt of pravastatin in the crystalline form and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and the pharmaceutical method of treatment are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new microbial process for the preparation of the compound formula (I) from a compound of general formula (II) wherein R stands for an alkali metal or ammonium ion, by the submerged cultivation of a mold strain able to 6&bgr;-hydroxylate a compound of the Formula (II) in aerobic fermentation and by the separation and purification of the product of Formula (I) formed in the course of the bioconversion. The process comprises cultivating a strain of Mortierella maculata filamentous mold species that is able to 6&bgr;-hydroxylate a compound of the general Formula (II), on a nutrient medium containing assimilable carbon and nitrogen sources and mineral salts and separating the product formed from the fermentation broth, then isolating the compound of formula (I) and purifying the same. Novel strains of Mortierella maculata are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprising pravastatin sodium substantially free of pravastatin lactone is described.

Abstract: A method of isolating or purifying pravastatin or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt characterized by involving, in the process of isolating or purifying pravastatin or its pharmacologically acceptable salt, the step of extracting pravastatin using an organic solvent represented by the formula CH3CO2R wherein R represents an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms or the step of decomposing impurities using an inorganic acid or an inorganic base; and compositions containing pravastatin sodium thus obtained.

Abstract: The biological activity of naturally occurring boswellic acids in specific plant extracts is enhanced by their peracetylation, preferably followed by silica gel treatment, or by peracetylation and mild oxidation to increase the ratio of 3-&bgr;-acetyl-11-keto-&bgr;-boswellic acid to &bgr;-boswellic acid, 3-&bgr;-acetyl-&bgr;-boswellic acid and 11-keto-&bgr;-boswellic acid. The enriched compositions compared to the commercial extracts have enhanced biological activity toward a variety of proliferative and/or inflammatory afflictions in mammalian hosts and demonstrate synergism with other phytochemicals.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are defined as in claim 1, as well as the agronomically acceptable salts, isomers and enantiomers of these compounds, as well as the agronomically acceptable salts/N-oxides/isomers/enantiomers of these compounds, are eminently suitable for use as herbicides.

Abstract: Lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, mevastatin, atorvastatin, and derivatives and analogs thereof are known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and are used as antihypercholesterolemic agents. The majority of them are produced by fermentation using microorganisms of different species identified as species belonging to Aspergillus, Monascus, Nocardia, Amycolatopsis, Mucor or Penicillium genus, some are obtained by treating the fermentation products using the methods of chemical synthesis or they are the products of total chemical synthesis.

Abstract: A high-purity alicyclic ketone which is a raw material for an alkyl-substituted alicyclic ester such as an alkyl adamantyl ester compound which is useful as a resist raw material can be obtained by a simple operation such as extraction without a special purification step such as distillation or recrystallization. In this process, when an alicyclic hydrocarbon is oxidized with concentrated sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid, the reaction solution after oxidation is poured into water and a solid is extracted with an organic solvent, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the water layer at the time of extraction is adjusted to 60 to 90 wt % to carry out extraction so as to obtain an alicyclic ketone.

Abstract: A process for the preperation of sodium salts of statins, namely Compactin, Lovastatin and Pravastatin.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of simvastatin which enables highly regio selective C-methylation of the 2′-position group of lovastatin without requiring protection/deprotection of 13-OH of lovastatin and lactone ring opening/closure.

Abstract: A novel carnosic acid derivative for promoting the synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF), a composition comprising the carnosic acid derivative as an effective ingredient, as well as, a method of promoting the synthesis of NGF comprising administering an effective amount of the carnosic acid derivative as an effective ingredient to a subject requiring such promotion. The carnosic acid derivative, composition and method according to the present invention can safely and efficiently promote the production of NGF in the living body, without being accompanied by a side effect such as a loss of a quantitative balance of hormones in the living body.