Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for recycling a taurine mother liquor, which includes: adding a base to the taurine mother liquor, heating to a first temperature, carrying out a hydrolysis reaction, removing ammonia produced, and evaporating and concentrating the ammonia-removed solution to obtain an alkali metal hydroxyethyl sulfonate solution. When applying the method provided by the present disclosure for the recycling of the taurine mother liquor, the taurine mother liquor can be further converted into the alkali metal hydroxyethyl sulfonate solution, impurities are removed from the obtained alkali metal hydroxyethyl sulfonate solution, the impurity-removed alkali metal hydroxyethyl sulfonate solution is concentrated and crystallized, and the alkali metal hydroxyethyl sulfonate is separated out.

Abstract: A method for preparing high-purity taurine and salt by reacting ethylene oxide with bisulfite to generate isethionate, performing an ammonolysis reaction on the isethionate in combination with ammonia and a metal salt, evaporating the reaction solution and subjecting the concentrated solution to ion exchange to obtain an adsorption solution, extracting taurine from the adsorption solution, eluting adsorbed metal cations from the ion exchange system by an acid, and separately collecting the eluate containing a salt.

Abstract: A method and a production system for recovering and treating taurine mother liquor, which is used for the process of ethylene oxide taurine production process. As for the treatment of the last mother liquor of taurine, add alkali firstly to the last mother liquor of taurine and then acid to form salt, or add salt directly; then concentrate and crystallize and filter, to remove lots of impurities in taurine mother liquor. This solves the problem of separating impurities, greatly shortening the time of removing impurities. The last mother liquor can also be decolorizes and additional impurities removes by activated carbon, and the removal of salt by mixing ammonia into the mother liquor to obtain the pure taurine mother liquor, thereby recovering the mother liquor and increasing the product yield.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by reacting 2-oxazolidinone with ammonium sulfite, or ammonium bisulfite, or a mixture of ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite in an aqueous solution to form ammonium taurinate and ammonium bicarbonate. Taurine is obtained by decomposing ammonium taurinate to taurine and ammonia and recovered by solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing taurine including: providing a reaction solution comprising alkali metal taurinate and/or alkali metal isethionate, passing at least a portion of the reaction solution through a column of basic anion exchange resin, adsorbing anions of alkali metal taurinate and/or alkali metal isethionate to the basic anion exchange resin, and collecting an eluate comprising at least one impurity, desorbing anions of alkali metal taurinate and/or alkali metal isethionate from the basic anion exchange resin with an alkaline solution, and collecting a desorption liquid comprising alkali metal taurinate and/or alkali metal isethionate, subjecting the desorption liquid comprising alkali metal taurinate to acidification or subjecting the desorption liquid comprising alkali metal isethionate to aminolysis and acidification, thereby obtaining taurine.

Abstract: The high-yield circular production method of taurine includes the following steps: S1, ethylene oxide reacts with sodium bisulfite solution to generate sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate; S2, sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate obtained in S1 is subjected to ammonolysis reaction in ammonia, and ammonia gas is recycled through flash evaporation upon completion of the reaction; S3, a reaction solution obtained after flash evaporation in S2 is sent to pass through an acidic cation exchange resin column, a material liquid containing taurine is collected, the inactivated resin column is subjected to regeneration with sulfur dioxide or carbon dioxide aqueous solution, and an eluent acquired during regeneration can be recycled directly or recycled after treated by sulfur dioxide; S4, the material liquid collected in S3 is subjected to post treatment to acquire taurine.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing taurine from ammonium isethionate by the ammonolysis of alkali isethionate in the presence of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture, to inhibit the formation of byproducts and to continuously convert the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction to alkali taurinate. Alkali taurinate is reacted with ammonium isethionate to obtain taurine and to regenerate alkali isethionate. The production yield is increased to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

Abstract: A cyclic process is disclosed for the production of taurine from alkali vinyl sulfonate in a high overall yield by continuously converting the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction, sodium ditaurinate and sodium tritaurinate, to sodium taurinate. Sodium sulfate and residual taurine in the crystallization mother liquor are efficiently separated by converting taurine into a highly soluble form of sodium taurinate or ammonium taurinate while selectively crystallizing sodium sulfate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by the ammonolysis of alkali isethionate in the presence of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate, or their mixture, to inhibit the formation of byproducts and to continuously convert the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction to alkali taurinate. Alkali taurinate is neutralized with isethionic acid to obtain taurine and to regenerate alkali isethionate. The production yield is increased to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

Abstract: A cyclic process is disclosed for the production of taurine from alkali isethionate in a high overall yield by continuously converting the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction, sodium ditaurinate and sodium tritaurinate, to sodium taurinate. Sodium sulfate and residual taurine in the crystallization mother liquor are efficiently separated by converting taurine into a highly soluble form of sodium taurinate or ammonium taurinate while selectively crystallizing sodium sulfate.

Abstract: A photoacid generator includes those of formula (I): wherein each Ra in formula 1 is independently H, F, a C1-10 nonfluorinated organic group, C1-10 fluorinated organic group, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, provided at least one Ra is F or a C1-10 fluorinated organic group, the C1-10 fluorinated and nonfluorinated organic groups each optionally comprising O, S, N, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing heteroatoms; L1 is a linking group comprising a heteroatom comprising O, S, N, F, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; G+ is an onium salt of the formula (II): wherein in formula (II), X is S or I, each R0 is independently C1-30 alkyl group; a polycyclic or monocyclic C3-30 cycloalkyl group; a polycyclic or monocyclic C4-30 aryl group; or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, provided at least one R0 is substituted where each R0 is a C6 monocyclic aryl group, and wherein when X is I, a is 2, and where X is S, a is 3,

Abstract: A photoacid generator compound has the formula (I): [A-(CHR1)p]k-(L)-(CH2)m—(C(R2)2)n—SO3?Z+??(I) wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted, monocyclic, polycyclic, or fused polycyclic C5 or greater cycloaliphatic group optionally comprising O, S, N, F, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, R1 is H, a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-30 alkyl group, wherein when R1 is a single bond, R1 is covalently bonded to a carbon atom of A, each R2 is independently H, F, or C1-4 fluoroalkyl, wherein at least one R2 is not hydrogen, L is a linking group comprising a sulfonate group, a sulfonamide group, or a C1-30 sulfonate or sulfonamide-containing group, Z is an organic or inorganic cation, p is an integer of 0 to 10,k is 1 or 2, m is an integer of 0 or greater, and n is an integer of 1 or greater.

Abstract: Cell culture media comprising antioxidants are provided herein as are methods of using the media for cell culturing and polypeptide production from cells. Compositions comprising polypeptides, such as therapeutic polypeptides, produced by the methods herein are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel drug conjugates, where in two drugs are linked together through an appropriate linker having at least two functional groups capable of forming covalent bond with drugs D1 and D2. The invention also relates to developing novel compositions, methods for their preparation and their use in treating various disease conditions.

Abstract: A reactive emulsifier comprising a compound of formula (I), which makes polymerization stability satisfactory and is capable of improving the water resistance etc. of the polymer film to be obtained. In the formula (I), D represents a polymerizable unsaturated group represented by the chemical formula D-1 or D-2; m1 represents a number of 1 or larger; R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; m2 represents a number of 0 to 4; and the sum of m1 and m2 is 1 to 5. R2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms; A represents either an alkylene group or a substituted alkylene group which has 2 to 4 carbon atoms; and n is in the range of 0 to 1,000. X represents a hydrogen atom or an anionic hydrophilic group which is —(CH2)a—SO3M etc. R3 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl.

Abstract: Compositions and methods related to the removal of acidic gas. In one embodiment, compositions and methods are provided for the removal of acidic gas from a gas mixture using an aqueous amine solvent comprising water, a first amine, and a second amine, wherein the first amine contributes at least 50% by weight of the solvent's total amine concentration.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to amine-functionalized task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs). In certain embodiments, the ionic liquids of the invention comprise beta-hydroxy amines, aryl amines or tertiary amines. The TSILs may be used for gas capture, capitalizing on their non-volatile nature. In certain embodiments, the captured gas is selected from the group consisting of CO2, SO2, CS2, and NO2. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a library of CO2-philic salts, which library facilitates reactive gas separation. In certain embodiments, the CO2-philic salts are CO2-reactive TSILs. In certain embodiments, the CO2-philic salts are resinous or plastic in nature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermo-responsive draw solute that can be applied to water desalination and purification based on forward osmosis. The thermo-responsive draw solute has a molar mass of 50 to 3000 g/mol and undergoes a phase transition at a temperature of 0° C. to 70° C. The thermo-responsive draw solute creates optimum conditions for the desalination of seawater and the purification of contaminated water based on forward osmosis. The present invention also relates to a method for water desalination and purification using the thermo-responsive draw solute. The method consumes little energy for water desalination or purification, is simple to apply to water desalination or purification, and enables separation of the draw solute in a very easy manner.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for producing taurine, includes: adjusting a PH value of a sodium taurate solution by a S4+ compound; introducing ethylene oxide into the sodium taurate solution to produce sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate; separating crude taurine before or after introducing the ethylene oxide to the solution; and adding ammonia to the sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate reaction solution to be reacted with the reaction solution to reproduce sodium taurate. The process for producing taurine of the present disclosure makes use of the balances of the sodium bases in the system, recycles the mother liquor until the sodium taurate is reproduced out of the reactions in the mother liquor, and thus is capable of allowing taurine to be synthesized and extracted.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of taurine by a cyclic process of reacting ethylene oxide with sodium bisulfite and ammonium to obtain sodium taurinate. After excess ammonia is removed from the reaction mixture, sodium taurinate is neutralized with sulfur dioxide or sulfurous acid to recover taurine and to regenerate sodium bisulfate, which is then reacted with ethylene oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid esters and for further transforming the same into the salts thereof. The invention also relates to the use of the produced compounds in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, and galvanic cells.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing compound exhibiting excellent surface tension-reducing ability despite the absence of perfluoroalkyl group having a chain length of 8 or more which had been the cause of the PFOS and PFOA problems and use of a fluorine material with low environmental load is provided. Also provided are a fluorine-containing surfactant and a composition thereof, an aqueous resin emulsion and a floor polish composition containing such surfactant. The fluorine-containing compound is represented by the following formula (1): Rf1—CpH2p—CH(OH)—CqH2q—NR—CrH2r—(O)n—SO3M (1) wherein Rf1 is a C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, p, q, and r are independently an integer of 1 to 6, M is a cationic atom or atomic group, n is 0 or 1, R is hydrogen atom, a C1-12 alkyl group, or a group represented by the following formula (2): Rf2—CsH2s—CH(OH)—CtH2t—??(2) wherein Rf2 is a C1-6 perfluoroalkyl group, and s and t are independently an integer of 1 to 6.

Abstract: This disclosure describes draw solution compositions for FO processes which increase the available membrane area for permeation and are also amenable to reconcentration with standard techniques, such as membrane filtration and evaporative technologies. The composition are comprised of a water soluble draw solute having surface active properties, i.e., a surfactant.

Abstract: The disclosure provides anionic Gemini surfactants comprising at least two carbonyl moieties and at least two aliphatic moieties. In some aspects, at least two of the aliphatic moieties comprise at least seven carbon atoms and at least one pair of conjugated carbon-to-carbon double bonds. The anionic Gemini surfactants are polymerizable and may be used to prepare triply periodic multiply continuous lyotropic phase and polymers thereof that substantially retain triply periodic multiply continuous lyotropic phase structure.

Abstract: An amine adduct is made by (1) forming an addition intermediate by heating a mixture comprising at least one diene and at least one unsaturated fatty acyl compound, and reacting the addition intermediate with a diamine to form the amine adduct, or by (2) reacting at least one unsaturated fatty acyl compound with at least one diamine to form an amine intermediate, and heating a mixture of the amidoamine intermediate and at least one diene to form the amine adduct, or by (3) reacting at least one unsaturated fatty tertiary amine compound with at least at least one diene to form the amine adduct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of improving and stabilizing concentrated solutions and in particular to improving and stabilizing concentrated solutions for the extraction of nucleic acids from sample material. Thus, the present invention, further, relates to the field of molecular biology. The present invention describes the use of betaines for stabilizing organic salts or chaotropic agents in solution which is particularly useful in cases where organic salts or chaotropic agents are present at high concentration such as for example chaotropic agents in buffers for the extraction of nucleic acids from sample material. The present invention describes the corresponding buffers and further relates to processes for the extraction of nucleic acids from sample material as well as processes for the analysis of sample material. Moreover, the present invention relates to kits and cartridges comprising at least one container with the corresponding buffer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to active bactericidal, antibacterial, anti-infective, antimicrobial, sporicidal, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral compounds and compositions and to new uses of these compositions in therapy. This specification also describes methods of use for the new compounds and compositions. The specification further describes methods for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: Zwitterion-containing compounds for the modification of hydrophobic molecules to improve their solubility and/or to lower their non-specific binding as provided. The zwitterion-containing compounds may be suitable for modification of detectable labels such as biotin and fluorescein to improve their solubility. The zwitterion-containing compounds may also be useful for the preparation of conjugates of proteins, peptides and other macromolecules or for crosslinking molecules and/or macromolecules.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorinated sulfonic acid salt or fluorinated sulfonic acid group-containing compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (A). In the formula, n indicates an integer of 1 to 10; R indicates a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl group, or a C4-C15 heteroaryl group; and a indicates 1 or 0. A photoacid generator containing the above fluorinated sulfonic acid salt or fluorinated sulfonic acid group-containing compound shows high sensitivity to an ArF excimer laser or the like, presents no concerns about human body accumulation, can generate an acid (photoacid) of sufficiently high acidity, and exhibits high solubility in a resist solvent and good compatibility with a resist resin.

Abstract: To provide a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore reducing agent and skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent that exhibit capabilities of parakeratosis inhibition, pore reduction, skin roughness prevention/amelioration, etc., and further provide a skin preparation for external use having these capabilities. There are provided a parakeratosis inhibitor, a pore reducing agent and a skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent each comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of specified glycine derivatives and salts thereof and specified aminosulfuric acid derivatives and salts thereof. Still further, there are provided skin preparations for external use comprising these compounds.

Abstract: A composition for lowering a blood uric acid level is characterized by comprising taurine as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the removal of organic acids, particularly naphthenic acids, from crude oils and crude oil distillates by use of a supported basic ionic liquid in a mass ratio of crude oil and/or crude oil distillate and ionic liquid of from greater than 40:1, the basic ionic liquid comprises a basic anion selected from serinate, prolinate, histidinate, threoninate, valinate, asparaginate, taurinate and lysinate.

Abstract: To provide a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore reducing agent and skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent that exhibit capabilities of parakeratosis inhibition, pore reduction, skin roughness prevention/amelioration, etc., and further provide a skin preparation for external use having these capabilities. There are provide a parakeratosis inhibitor and a pore reducing agent each comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a glycine derivative, an aminodicarboxylic acid derivative, an acylaminodicarboxylic acid derivative, a pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a piperidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a hexamethyleneiminecarboxylic acid, a beta-alanine derivative and salts of these derivatives.

Abstract: The invention relates to organic nutrient salts, to compositions containing the same, to their preparation as well as their use. Preferred compositions include nutraceutical compositions and dietary supplements for use in neuroprotection and for improving or protecting cognitive and memory function.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for inhibiting melanin production to promote skin whitening, which is characterized by containing compounds represented by formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are defined as herein. The present invention also provides a method for inhibiting melanin production to promote skin whitening by using the same.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.

Abstract: Strontium salts of the sulphonic acids of formula (I): A-B—SO3H??(I), wherein: A represents a group selected from OH, NH2, SO3H and CO2H, B represents an arylene group or an optionally substituted linear or branched C1-C12alkylene chain wherein one or more carbon atoms of the alkylene chain may be optionally replaced by an oxygen atom, by a nitrogen atom or by an SO2 group. Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in the treatment of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.

Abstract: Compositions for supporting healthy memory and optimizing mental energy and methods for improving, preventing, and treating mental disorders or deterioration. The compositions of the invention can be formulated as nutritional or dietary supplements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemical compounds comprising a [Y(CHRa)n—CH(Ra)SO3]? anion, their preparation and application. The chemical compounds are preferably ionic liquids.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis, in a mammal, of bronchopulmonary infections, obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and ventilator-associated infections. The methods and compositions include a therapeutically effective amount of one or more N-halogenated or N,N-dihalogenated amines, and their analogues, derivatives, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions, methods, uses, and devices having antiseptic and anticoagulation properties in a mammal. The compositions, methods, uses, and devices are based on a therapeutically effective amount of one or more N-halogenated or N,N-dihalogenated amines, analogues or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters. The preferred compound is N-chlorotaurine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulation comprising a N-halogenated amino acid and a phase transfer agent. The present invention also describes a method for disinfecting and/or cleaning a contact lens comprising contacting a contact lens with a formulation comprising a N-halogenated amino acid salt for a time sufficient to disinfect and/or clean the lens.

Abstract: A functionalised graphene oxide and a method of making a functionalised graphene oxide comprising: (i) oxidizing graphite to form graphite oxide wherein the graphene sheets which make up the graphite independently of each other have a basal plane fraction of carbon atoms in the sp2-hybridised state between 0.1 and 0.9, wherein the remainder fraction comprises sp3-hybridised carbon atoms which are bonded to oxygen groups selected from hydroxyl and/or epoxy and/or carboxylic acid; and (ii) exfoliating and in-situ functionalizing the graphite oxide surface with one or more functional groups such that functionalisation of the surface is effected at a concentration greater than one functional group per 100 carbon atoms and less than one functional group per six carbon atoms. The functionalised graphene oxide is dispersible at high concentrations in appropriate solvents without aggregating or precipitating over extended periods at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to active bactericidal, antibacterial, anti-infective, antimicrobial, sporicidal, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral compounds and compositions and to new uses of these compositions in therapy. This specification also describes methods of use for the new compounds and compositions. The specification further describes methods for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: Described herein are both non-hygroscopic salts of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitine with taurine chloride (2-aminoethane-sulphonic chloride) and non-hygroscopic salts of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitine with glycine chloride which lend themselves favorably to the preparation of solid compositions suitable for oral administration. Also described are solid compositions containing said salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to active bactericidal, antibacterial, anti-infective, antimicrobial, sporicidal, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral compounds and compositions and to new uses of these compositions in therapy. This specification also describes methods of use for the new compounds and compositions. The specification further describes methods for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to active bactericidal, antibacterial, anti-infective, antimicrobial, sporicidal, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral compounds and compositions and to new uses of these compositions in therapy. This specification also describes methods of use for the new compounds and compositions. The specification further describes methods for preparing these compounds. FIG. 1: A dual chamber apparatus for the preparation of NNDCT on site.

Abstract: The present invention is directed in particular to dipeptide-like compounds derived from functionally substituted amino acids, having fatty acid chains bound thereto through amidification of the amine functional groups of said dipeptide-like compounds, one end portion of which bears an accessory functional side chain spacer, with the other end portion being an acid group either in neutral or charged state. Compounds of the present invention have immunomodulating properties like adjuvants, In addition, compounds of the invention can be grafted on a given antigen in order to modulate or tune the immune response or can be equally grafted on a pharmaceutical carrier to enhance the therapeutic effect or targeting thereof. Accordingly, compounds of the invention find use in human and veterinary medicine both as immunogens and diagnostic tools.

Abstract: A cyclic process is disclosed for the production of taurine from alkali isethionate in a high overall yield by continuously converting the byproducts of the ammonolysis reaction, sodium ditaurinate and sodium tritaurinate, to sodium taurinate. Sodium sulfate and residual taurine in the crystallization mother liquor are efficiently separated by converting taurine into a highly soluble form of sodium taurinate or ammonium taurinate while selectively crystallizing sodium sulfate.