Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to amine-functionalized task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs). In certain embodiments, the ionic liquids of the invention comprise beta-hydroxy amines, aryl amines or tertiary amines. The TSILs may be used for gas capture, capitalizing on their non-volatile nature. In certain embodiments, the captured gas is selected from the group consisting of CO2, SO2, CS2, and NO2. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a library of CO2-philic salts, which library facilitates reactive gas separation. In certain embodiments, the CO2-philic salts are CO2-reactive TSILs. In certain embodiments, the CO2-philic salts are resinous or plastic in nature.

Abstract: The ejection liquid of the present invention includes a compound having a guanidine group, and a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group in one molecule, and being represented by the general formula (1), or a salt of the compound, for the purpose of stably ejecting a solution including at least one of a protein and a peptide by imparting thermal energy to the solution.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are biomarkers for determining gamma radiation exposure by an animal or human. The biomarkers include 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid 3-O-sulfate, N-hexanoylglycine, ?-thymidine, taurine, xanthine, xanthosine, 2?-deoxyuridine, 2?-deoxycytidine, 2?-deoxyxanthosine, or any salt, ion, or combination thereof. Also disclosed are methods for determining gamma radiation exposure by an animal or human, which include the step of measuring the amount of one or more biomarkers specific to gamma radiation in the biological fluid and correlating the amount of said biomarkers to the amount of gamma radiation exposure by the animal or human. Systems for determining gamma radiation exposure by an animal or human and methods of treating an animal or human for gamma radiation exposure are also disclosed.

Abstract: An acid gas absorbent comprising a metal sulfonate, phosphonate or carboxylate of a hindered amine and a process for the selective removal Of H2S as well as other acidic components such as carbon disulfide, carbonyl sulfide and oxygen and sulfur derivatives of C1 to C4 hydrocarbons from mixtures containing such acidic components and CO2 using said absorbent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid esters and for further transforming the same into the salts thereof. The invention also relates to the use of the produced compounds in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors, and galvanic cells.

Abstract: Suspensions having additives for controlled dispersion including a solvent, an ion source, a particle source selected from a partially dissolving colloid or a non-dissolving colloid, and an additive where the additive is added to the solvent prior to the ion source and the particle source when the particle source is the partially dissolving colloid.

Abstract: Carnitine and Taurine Compounds are described. The Carnitine Compound comprises Carnitine and one of a Nitrate and a Nitrite. The Taurine Compound comprises Taurine and one of a Nitrate and a Nitrite.

Abstract: The present application describes deuterium-enriched tramiprosate, pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods of treating using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to active bactericidal, antibacterial, anti-infective, antimicrobial, sporicidal, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral compounds and compositions and to new uses of these compositions in therapy. This specification also describes methods of use for the new compounds and compositions. The specification further describes methods for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: A process for producing an aminoalkylsulfonic acid of formula [2]: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl; and R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl, comprising reacting an aminoalkylsulfonate salt of formula [1]: wherein M is alkali metal, organic ammonium or ammonium ion; and R1 to R4 are as described above, an aqueous solution thereof, or a solution dissolving any one of them in a water-soluble organic solvent, selected from alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon, carboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon and dimethylformamide, with an organic acid; and a method of salt exchange for an aminoalkylsulfonate salt of formula [1?]: wherein M? is alkali metal, organic ammonium or ammonium ion; and R1 and R4 are as described above, comprising reacting the aminoalkylsulfonate salt formula [2] with a hydroxide of formula [6]: M?OH[6] wherein M? is as described above, in alcohol or water.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds of the formula I below: wherein the meaning of each substituent is defined in the application. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of the glycine transporter and useful in the treatment of diseases responsive to the inhibition of the glycine transporter. The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I as defined above and the use of compounds as above for the manufacture of medicaments for treatment of diseases responsive to ligands of the glycine transporter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of ?-aminoalkylsulphonic acids of general formula (I), where R1 and R2=optionally substituted alkyl groups with 1 20 C atoms and n=a whole number from 2 6, whereby an amine of formula (II), where R1 and R2 have the above meanings is reacted with an alkyl dihalide of formula (III), where n has the above meaning and X1 and X2=chlorine or bromine, with addition of alkali hydroxide at a pH of 8 10. The pH is then adjusted to a value of 0 1, by addition of a hydrohalic acid and excess alkyl dihalide is separated off, before the reaction solution is adjusted to a pH of 6 7.5 with alkali liquor, alkali sulphite is added and the product (I) formed at elevated temperate.

Abstract: Are described compounds of Formula (I) in which R, R′, R″, A, and D have the meanings described in the text, as useful agents in the cure of pathologies characterised by altered angiogenesis and as antitumorals.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 represents hydrogen; R2 represents hydroxy, fluoro or an oxo group; R3 represents hydrogen; R4 represents hydrogen; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and the stereoisomers thereof, with the exception of the racemate of (3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl)sulphinic acid. The compounds are useful in therapy, especially for the treatment of reflux disease. The invention is also related to processes for their preparation, intermediates of said process and pharmaceutical compositions containing said therapeutically active compounds and to the use of said active compounds in therapy.

Abstract: Thee present invention relates to therapeutically active cubane compounds, a method of preparing the same, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The novel compounds are useful in creating diseases of the central nervous system related to the metabotropic glutamate receptor system.

Abstract: The present invention is directed in particular to dipeptide-like compounds derived from functionally substituted amino acids, having fatty acid chains bound thereto through amidification of the amine functional groups of said dipeptide-like compounds, one end portion of which bears an accessory functional side chain spacer, with the other end portion being an acid group either in neutral or charged state.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of &OHgr;-aminoalkylsulphonic acids of general formula (I), where R1 and R2=optionally substituted alkyl groups with 1 20 C atoms and n=a whole number from 2 6, whereby an amine of formula (II), where R1 and R2 have the above meanings is reacted with an alkyl dihalide of formula (III), where n has the above meaning and X1 and X2=chlorine or bromine, with addition of alkali hydroxide at a pH of 8 10. The pH is then adjusted to a value of 0 1, by addition of a hydrohalic acid and excess alkyl dihalide is separated off, before the reaction solution is adjusted to a pH of 6 7.5 with alkali liquor, alkali sulphite is added and the product (I) formed at elevated temperate.

Abstract: A novel salt, creatine taurinate, and the compositions containing same (health foods, dietary supplements or (drugs) are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted cinnamic acids and cinnamic acid esters of formula (I), wherein X represents F, Cl or J and R1 and R2 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, an optionally substituted C1-C10-alkyl radical or an optionally substituted benzyl radical. Substituted indanone carboxylic acid esters are produced using said substituted cinnamic acid and cinnamic acid ester in a technically simple and non-dangerous manner as far as safety is concerned.

Abstract: A method of treating a CNS disorder in a subject in need of such treatment, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an N′N′-dichlorinated amino acid, peptide, peptidomimetic, amine, or a pharmacologically acceptable analogue or derivative thereof, such that a CNS disorder is treated. An N′N′-dichlorinated amino acid, peptide, peptidomimetic, or amine capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier of a subject when administered thereto.

Abstract: Therapeutic compounds and methods for inhibiting a glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-associated molecular interaction in a subject, whatever its clinical setting, are described.

Abstract: Use of calcium taurate as an antihypertensive agent and dietary supplement. The compound is prepared by reacting taurine and calcium in a 2:1 molar ratio. The resulting mixture is diluted with alcohol and the remaining clear filtrate is crystallized. Calcium taurate is taken orally as a nutritional supplement or antihypertensive agent, and can be used as an adjuvant to conventional antihypertensive drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synthesis method of thionate diamine by the reaction of alkali metal isethionate with diols to form alkali metal isethionate ethoxylate having the following structural formula:HO(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 AThe above isethionate ethoxylate is then reacted with aliphatic diamine having a Carbon number of 2 to 6 to form a series of N-(2-aminoalkyl)-2-aminoethyoxylate ethane sulfonate having the following structure formula:H.sub.2 N--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --NH--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.

Abstract: Use of calcium taurate as an antihypertensive agent and dietary supplement. The compound is prepared by reacting taurine and calcium in a 2:1 molar ratio. The resulting mixture is diluted with alcohol and the remaining clear filtrate is crystallized. Calcium taurate is taken orally as nutritional supplement or antihypertensive agent, and can be used as an adjuvant to conventional antihypertensive drugs.

Abstract: An .omega.-guanidino-.alpha.-amino-acid (or its functional derivative) or a compound containing it may be prepared by the reaction of the .omega.-amino group of an .alpha.,.omega.-diamino acid (or its functional derivative) or a compound containing it with a formamidinesulfonic acid.

Abstract: The process for preparing an N-acylaminocarboxylic or N-acylaminosulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof from an alkali metal aminocarboxylate or aminosulfonate and a carboxylic glyceride comprises(a) preparing a suspension of the solid anhydrous alkali metal aminocarboxylate or aminosulfonate in the carboxylic glyceride,(b) adding a strong base to the suspension to form an alkali metal N-acylaminocarboxylate or N-acylaminosulfonate, and(c) if desired, preparing the free N-acylaminocarboxylic or N-acylaminosulfonic acid therefrom in a conventional manner by adding an acid.

Abstract: L-PTC (L-phosphinothricin, L-2-amino-4-methylphosphino-butyric acid) is the active herbicidal component of D,L-PTC and can be obtained according to the invention when D,L-PTC derivatives which are N-acylated and esterified on the phosphinic acid group as well as optionally esterified or amidated on the carboxylic group, are treated with a hydrolytically active enzyme in an aqueous or aqueous-organic medium, in which process the L-PTC derivatives are selectively hydrolyzed on the N-acyl group or the modified carboxyl group, the resulting product mixture is resolved, and the desired L-PTC derivative is hydrolyzed to give the L-PTC and isolated by customary methods.

Abstract: Derivatives of gamma-amino-alpha,beta-unsaturated sulfonic acids, a process for the preparation of the same and their utilization in the synthesis of pseudopeptides characterized by the presence of at least a sulfonamide type bond conjugated to a double bond are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula 1 ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from hydrogen and -R.sub.4 -R.sub.5 where R.sub.4 is selected from nothing C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 linear or branched alkylene C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 cycloalkylene, C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 arylene, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkarylene and C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 arlkylene; and R.sub.5 is one of hydrogen, hydroxy, --CO.sub.2 Z, phenyl hydroxyphenyl pyridyl, nitrophenyl, furyl, and thienyl; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from a group of the formula --R.sub.4 --R.sub.6 ; where R.sub.4 is as defined above and R.sub.6 is one of hydrogen, hydroxy --CO.sub.2 Z. --CH(CO.sub.2 Z)--CH.sub.2 --CO.sub.2 Z and NR.sub.7 R.sub.8 ; where R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently selected from a group of the formula: --(CH.sub.2)k--R.sub.g : where k.dbd.0-20 and R.sub.g is one of hydrogen, hydroxy, --CO.sub.2 Z. and --CH(CO.sub.2 Z)--CH.sub.2 --CO.sub.2 Z: wherein Y is selected from --CO.sub.2 Z. --SO.sub.3 Z and --C.dbd.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of N.sup.G -monoalkyl-L-arginine and related compounds and salts thereof, for example N.sup.G -monomethyl-L-arginine by reacting N-alkylaminoiminomethane sulphonic acid of formula (II) with an amino acid of formula (III).

Abstract: A method for the reduction of toxicity of S-(2-diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate ions in a medium or mixture by reaction with hydrogen peroxide and a strong inorganic acid.

Abstract: A guanidine derivative represented by formula (1), (2), (3) or its acid addition salt and a production process thereof ##STR1## wherein each of A and B is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkylene, D is a single bond, --CO-- or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkylene, E is H, a lower alkyl or the like, m is 1 to 6, n is 0 to 6 and R.sup.1 is H, a lower alkyl or the like, l is 1 to 10 and G is H, --OH or the like and a skin cosmetic containing the same. It can exert excellent keratin layer softening effect continuously for a long period of time.

Abstract: Substituted hydroxylamines useful in photographic processing solution can be prepared by reacting a hydroxylamine with a vinylic compound having an electron withdrawing substituent in a suitable solvent, in the absence of a neutralizing base. The resulting products can be used without isolation from the reaction solution.

Abstract: Inhibition of farnesyl transferase, which is an enzyme involved in ras oncogene expression, and inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, are effected by compounds of the formula ##STR1## their enantiomers, diastereomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and solvates, wherein:x is --ONR.sup.1 C(O)--, --N(OR.sup.1)C(O)--, --NR.sup.1 C(O)--, --C(O)NR.sup.1 --, --NR.sup.1 S(O.sub.2)--, --C(O)O--, --OC(O)--, --C(O)--, --O--, --NR.sup.1 -- or --(S).sub.q --;Y is --CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, --SO.sub.3 R.sup.2 or --P(O) (OR.sup.2) (R.sup.3);R is alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkenylene or aryl;R.sup.3 is --(O).sub.t R.sup.4 ;R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;m and n are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 5;p and t are each independently 0 or 1; andq is an integer from 1 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for use in preventing or treating heart diseases in a mammal, which comprises at least one aminoalkanesulfonic acid derivative of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen or an amino acid residue; Y is hydrogen, a phenyl group or an alkyl group, which may have a hydroxy, amino, carboxy, phenyl or hydroxyphenyl group; or X and Y are joined to form a trimethylene or hydroxytrimethylene group; and at least one of X and Y is other than hydrogen;or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The ampholytes are extracted from the reaction solution with a liquid cation exchanger which is immiscible with the acidic aqueous reaction solution, where the cation exchanger is dissolved in at least one organic solvent which is immiscible with water and forms an organic phase with the organic solvent. Subsequently the organic phase which is loaded with the ampholyte is separated from the reaction solution, and then the ampholytes are back-extracted from the organic phase with aqueous solvents. The product losses in the process are low, and the residual salt content is very low.

Abstract: Compounds and a method useful for protection of tissue cells in a mammalian body from irreversible damages due to lactic acidosis caused by oxygen deficiency. The protection is achieved by administering a compound having a cell membrane permeability and/or ability to cross the blood brain barrier and being able to provide a buffering action to prevent an increase in a hydrogen ion concentration over the physiologically acceptable levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-fouling coating composition that comprises a marine biocide and a binder which is a hydrolyzable film-forming seawater-erodible polymer. The polymer contains sulphonic acid groups in quaternary ammonium salt form.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing sulfoalkyl-substituted hydroxylamines useful as preservatives to be added to a color developer for photosensitive materials. In this process, the sulfoalkyl-substituted hydroxylamines can be easily synthesized by reacting a specified alkylating agent, cyclic sulfonic ester, vinylsulfonic acid or sulfoalkyl-substituted acrylamide with a hydroxylamine.

Abstract: New compounds are represented by Formula I: ##STR1## and salts and complexes thereof; wherein R is an alkyl group having at least one --SO.sub.3 H and at least one --OH; each R' is independently selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted or inertly substituted alkyl group, an alkyl group substituted with a carbonyl group, with a carboxylic acid, salt or complexed carboxyl group, or an alkoxy group; R" is hydroxyalkyl and x+y+z=3 and are good chelants. The compounds are also biodegradable and are particularly useful in washing compositions, preferably containing detergents and in gas conditioning.

Abstract: New compounds are represented by Formula I: ##STR1## and salts and complexes thereof; wherein R is an alkyl group having at least one --SO.sub.3 H and at least one --OH; each R' is independently selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted or inertly substituted alkyl group, an alkyl group substituted with a carbonyl group, with a carboxylic acid, salt or complexed carboxyl group, or an alkoxy group; R" is hydroxyalkyl and x+y+z=3 and are good chelants. The compounds are also biodegradable and are particularly useful in washing compositions, preferably containing detergents and in gas conditioning.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel betaine compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; X is H or a hydroxyl group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Y is --CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n SO.sub.3 or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CO.sub.2 ; n is 2 to 5; m is 1 to 5; and l is 0 to 5; a process for the preparation of the same; and a detergent composition containing the same. This detergent composition exhibits excellent foaming power and detergency and is lowly irritant, thus being suitable for a base of a body or hair shampoo.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel betaine compound represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; X is H or a hydroxy group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Y is --CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3, --(CH.sub.2).sub.n SO.sub.3 or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CO.sub.2 ; n is 2 to 5; m is 1 to 5; and l is 0 to 5; a process for the preparation of the same; and a detergent composition containing the same. This detergent composition exhibits excellent foaming power and detergency and is lowly irritant, thus being suitable for a base of a body or hair shampoo.

Abstract: Preparation of a semi-crystalline catalyst for curing coating compositions wherein an isocyanate-sulfonate or -phosphonate is made by a Michael addition followed by chain extension with an isocyanate.

Abstract: Polymers, such as polysiobutylene or ethylene-propylene copolymers, are functionalized by reaction with an activated imine to yield novel polymers.

Abstract: Polymers, such as polyisobutylene or ethylene-propylene copolymers, are functionalized by reaction with an activated imine to yield novel polymers.

Abstract: The removal of oxidizable organic impurities which include alkylthiolsulfonate from alkanesulfonic acids by treatment with an ozone containing gas is disclosed. The treated products have improved color and odor and exhibit improved long-term color stability.

Abstract: Propane or butane sultones are prepared by the thermal decomposition of the corresponding aryl sulfoalkyl ethers wherein the alkyl part has three or four carbons between the sulfo group and the ether oxygen. When a tertiary amine is present, the final product is the corresponding sulfoalkyl quaternary salt of the tertiary amine.

Abstract: A method of increasing the harvest of a crop which comprises applying an effective amount of taurine to the crop or its seeds, and a composition therefor.