Abstract: A resist composition is provided comprising a base polymer containing an iodized polymer, and an acid generator containing a sulfonium salt and/or iodonium salt of iodized benzene ring-containing fluorosulfonic acid. When processed by lithography, the resist composition exhibits a high sensitivity, low LWR and improved CDU independent of whether it is of positive tone or negative tone.

Abstract: A resist composition comprising a base polymer and a sulfonium or iodonium salt of iodized benzoyloxy-containing fluorinated sulfonic acid offers a high sensitivity and minimal LWR or improved CDU independent of whether it is of positive or negative tone.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of isosulfan blue (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) is provided. A process is also provided for preparation of the intermediate, 2-chlorobenzaldehyde-5-sulfonic acid, sodium salt of formula (2), used in the preparation thereof and a procedure for the isolation of benzaldehyde-2,5-disulfonic acid, di-sodium salt of the formula (3). Also provided is a process for the preparation of an isoleuco acid of formula (4), which upon mild oxidation gives rise to isosulfan blue of pharmaceutical grade which can be used for preparation of pharmaceutical formulations. The isolation and purification procedures provided in the process provide substantially pure isosulfan blue with HPLC purity 99.5% or greater.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of the compound of formula (II) and intermediate compounds for use in the processes.

Abstract: An acid generating agent used for chemically amplified resist compositions is provided, which agent is represented by the following formula (1): wherein X represents a monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, and having at least one hydrogen atom on the ring substituted by an alkyl or alkoxy group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with a group selected from an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, an acetal group, an epoxy group, a nitrile group and an aldehyde group, or by a perfluoroalkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, or a cyano group; R6 is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N, S and F; m is an integer from 0 to 2; and A+ is an organic counterion.

Abstract: A sulfonium salt compound represented by the following general formula (I): where R1 and R2 each denote the same or a different alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R3 and R4 each denote the same or a different alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X? denotes a sulfonate anion or a carboxylate anion, and the substituents denoted by R3O and R4O are each located at an arbitrary position selected from the 2-position to the 8-position of the naphthyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides N-alkylthio ?-lactams and disulfide compounds (e.g., alkyl-coenzyme A asymmetric disulfides or aryl-alkyl disulfides), compositions containing such compounds, and method of their use as anti-bacterial agents.

Abstract: The present invention investigate the two modes of glutamate release and the releasing rate of glutamate, and thus can provide a useful technique for neuron protection and acceleration of neurotransmission by controlling the glutamate release in astroctye. Thus, the present invention provides an inhibitor of the fast-mode release and/or the slow-mode release of astrocytic glutamate, a screening method of the inhibitor and a pharmaceutical composition or method of ameliorating, preventing and/or treating the disease associated with the over-release of glutamate via the Ca2+-activated anion channel, with the inhibition of fast-mode glutamate release.

Abstract: The present invention provides a salt represented by the formula (I): wherein Q1 and Q2 independently each represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, L1 and L2 independently each represent a C1-C17 divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, ring W1 and ring W2 independently each represent a C3-C36 aliphatic ring, R2 is independently in each occurrence a C1-C6 alkyl group, R4 is independently in each occurrence a C1-C6 alkyl group, R3 represents a C1-C12 hydrocarbon group, t represents an integer of 0 to 2, u represents an integer of 0 to 2, and Z+ represents an organic counter ion.

Abstract: An overbased alkylated arylalkyl sulfonate is easy to prepare and is useful as a detergent in various lubricant applications.

Abstract: Sulfonate- or sulfate-capped, alkoxylated anti-misting agents having the structures: R((AO)nX)m((AO)nH)p and R3C(O)NH(CH2)zN+(CH3)2CH2CHR4CH2SO3?, and to methods of suppressing mist from electrolyte solutions by adding a mist-suppressing amount of one or more of said compounds to electrolyte solutions.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a chemically amplified resist composition excellent in a resolution and a mask error enhancement factor. By employing the salt represented by the formulae (A1) as an acid generator of a resist composition, the above mentioned object is achieved. wherein Z+ represents an organic cation, Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group, Ra2 represents a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group pr the like, Ra2 represents an elimination group represented by the formulae (II-1) or (II-2). In the formulae (II-1) or (II-2), Ra3 and Ra4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, Ra5 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, Ra6 represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and Ra7 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: Novel 2,3,4-benzothiadiazepines-2,2-dioxides and processes for the preparation thereof are disclosed. The compounds influence the central nervous system and may be used to treat or prevent Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease or Huntington's disease, senile dementia not of the Alzheimer's type, vascular dementia, post-stroke dementia, Korsakoff's syndrome, Down's syndrome, schizophrenia, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety or depression.

Abstract: A sulfonium salt having a triphenylsulfonium cation and a sulfite anion within the molecule is best suited as a photoacid generator in chemically amplified resist compositions. Upon exposure to high-energy radiation, the sulfonium salt generates a sulfonic acid, which facilitates efficient scission of acid labile groups in chemically amplified positive resist compositions. Because of substantial non-volatility under high vacuum conditions in the EB or EUV lithography, the risk of the exposure tool being contaminated is minimized.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the following structural formulas can be used as photoacid generators: Such compounds are useful, for example, in fabricating arrays of polymers.

Abstract: An acid generator represented by the following formula (1) is provided: wherein X represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, —X1—O—X2—, or a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, sulfur and fluorine; X1 and X2 each independently represent an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Y represents a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms and containing one or more aromatic rings, while one or more hydrogen atoms on the ring of the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted by one or more members selected from the group consisting of —O—Y1, —CO—Y2, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group and a cyano group; Y1 and Y2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n represents an integer of 0 or 5; and A+

Abstract: There are provided a compound represented by a general formula (b1-1) shown below suitable as an acid generator for a resist composition, a compound represented by a general formula (I) shown below suitable as a precursor for the compound represented by the general formula (b1-1), an acid generator, a resist composition, and a method of forming a resist pattern. [Chemical Formula 1] X—Q1—Y1—SO3?M+??(I) X—Q1—Y1—SO3?A+??(b1-1) (wherein, Q1 represents a bivalent linking group or a single bond; Y1 represents an alkylene group which may contain a substituent group or a fluorinated alkylene group which may contain a substituent group; X represents an aromatic cyclic group of 5 to 30 carbon atoms which contains a fluorine atom and may contain a substituent group; M+ represents an alkali metal ion; and A+ represents an organic cation.).

Abstract: A process for preparing an alkylaryl sulfonate comprising (a) reacting at least one meta-xylene compound with olefin or a mixture of olefins having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, in the presence of an acid catalyst, wherein the resulting product comprises no more than 40 weight percent of 1-alkyl-2,4 dimethylsubstituted aromatic compound and at least about 60 weight percent of 1-alkyl-3,5 dimethyl substituted aromatic compound; (b) sulfonating the product of (a); and (c) neutralizing the product of (b) with a source of alkali or alkaline earth metal or ammonia.

Abstract: To develop a highly safe measure to treat Alzheimer's disease using a secretase-inhibiting substance, there is provided a compound represented by the following general formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein A represents a phenyl group or the like, R1 represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or a nitro group or the like, R2, R3, R4, and R5 each represent a hydrogen atom or the like, and L represents CH2—CH2 or CH?CH.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds and compositions that inhibit the action of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), methods of inhibiting MGL and FAAH, methods of modulating cannabinoid receptors, and methods of treating various disorders related to the modulation of cannabinoid receptors.

Abstract: Activated Supports, support-bound activators, strongly acidic supports, and silylating supports are provided; the activated support having the formula: wherein L is a linking group component; X is F, Cl, OH, and trisubstituted silyloxy; and the shaded circle represents a solid or semi-solid support. Methods of using the activated supports in solid phase organic synthesis are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to active bactericidal, antibacterial, anti-infective, antimicrobial, sporicidal, disinfectant, antifungal and antiviral compounds and compositions and to new uses of these compositions in therapy. This specification also describes methods of use for the new compounds and compositions. The specification further describes methods for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: A method of separating at least one carbon nanotube having a desired diameter and/or chirality from a mixture of carbon nanotubes having different diameters and/or chiralities is provided. A calixarene of formula (I): wherein n?4; X is PO3H2, Ra—PO3H, SO3H, or Ra—SO3H; Y is Rb, OH, or ORb; and Ra and Rb are independently selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylene alkyl and optionally substituted alkylene aryl is combined with the mixture of carbon nanotubes in an aqueous solvent to produce an aqueous supernatant containing the carbon nanotube(s) having the desired diameter and/or chirality. The aqueous supernatant containing the carbon nanotube(s) is then separated from a residue comprising the remaining carbon nanotubes of the mixture.

Abstract: There are provided a novel compound represented by a general formula (b1-1) shown below, which is useful as an acid generator for a resist composition and a manufacturing method thereof, a compound useful as a precursor of the novel compound and a manufacturing method thereof, an acid generator, a resist composition and a method of forming a resist pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (R,S) 2-aryl-2-fluoropropanoic acids, their single enantiomers (R) and (S), their derivatives amides and acylsulfonamides and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, which are used in the prevention and treatment of tissue damage due to the exacerbated recruitment of polymorphonucleated neutrophils (PMN leukocytes) at inflammation sites. The present invention provides compounds for use in the treatment of psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, melanoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bullous pemphigo, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic fibrosis, glomerulonephritis and in the treatment of damages caused by ischemia and reperfusion.

Abstract: Provided are processes for the synthesis of aniline derivatives, specifically certain aniline derivatives which have activity as thyroid receptor ligands.

Abstract: Benzocycloheptyl analogs that have agonist activity at one or more of the S1P receptors are provided. The compounds are sphingosine analogs, which, after phosphorylation, can behave as agonists at S1P receptors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing an ion dissociation functional molecule which is chemically and thermally stable under the operating conditions required in an electrochemical system such as a fuel cell and which is suitable for use as a material of, for example, a proton conductor used in a fuel cell, in a higher yield and more easily, more efficiently, more inexpensively and more safely, than by the existing art. In a second step of reacting AgOOCCF2SO2F with iodine to synthesize a raw material molecule ICF2SO2F, the reactants mixed in equimolar relation are reacted with each other at 110° C., which is higher than that in the existing art, to thereby enhance the production efficiency of the raw material molecule, then a mixed gas of the thus produced raw material molecule with carbon dioxide is pre-cooled in an exhaust passage kept at ?15° C., followed by trapping the raw material molecule by a trapping vessel cooled with dry ice, whereby the trapping efficiency for the raw material molecule is enhanced.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula below or a salt thereof is a useful intermediate in the production of a [2-(3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexyl)phenyl]piperazine compound that has excellent cell adhesion inhibitory effect and cell invasion inhibitory effect and therefore is useful as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for various inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases induced by the adhesion and invasion of leukocytes, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (particularly ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease), irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, asthma and atopic dermatitis. wherein R1 and R2 independently represent hydrogen or a protecting group for an amino group, or R1 and R2 bond together to form an optionally substituted pyrrole ring.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of Isosulphan Blue is disclosed. The process comprises the following steps: Sulphonating orthochlorobenzaldehyde, treatment with sodium sulphite, basification, condensation and oxidation to obtain Isosulphan Blue.

Abstract: The present application describes deuterium-enriched disufenton, pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods of treating using the same.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for producing light colored polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids. The polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids may be further neutralized with alkalis or amines to form the corresponding light colored sulfonated salts. The present invention also makes manufacture of polyalkylated arylalkyl sulfonic acids possible as first intent products using an inexpensive and simple reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an ion-dissociative functional compound, a method for production thereof, an ionic conductor, and an electrochemical device, the ion-dissociative functional compound being thermally and chemically stable under the condition required of fuel cells and being suitable for use as a material such as protonic conductor in fuel cells. The proton-dissociative functional compound shown in FIG. 1A is composed of a fullerene C60 molecule and about 10 sulfonic acid groups —SO3H as proton-dissociative groups each attached to the fullerene through a difluoromethane group —CF2—. The proton-dissociative functional compound shown in FIG. 1B is composed of fullerene molecules three-dimensionally connected to each other through a linking group —CF2SO2NHSO2CF2—. It contains, as the proton-dissociative group, sulfoneimide groups —SO2NHSO2— and sulfoneamide groups —SO2H2 in addition to sulfonic acid groups.

Abstract: Novel classes of ionic photoacid generator (PAGs) compounds having relatively environmentally friendly anions with no perfluorooctyl sulfonate (no-PFOS) are provided and photoresist composition that comprise such compounds. The new PAGs produce a photoacid having a short or no perfluoro alkyl chain (i.e., no-PFOS) attached to a variety of functional groups. The PAGs of the invention are useful as photoactive component in the chemically amplified resist compositions used for microfabrication.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of a formula (I): wherein the variables are defined herein; to a process for preparing such a compound; and to the use of such a compound in the treatment of a chemokine (such as CCR3) mediated disease state.

Abstract: A photoresist monomer having a sulfonyl group, a polymer thereof and a photoresist composition containing the same are disclosed. The photoresist monomer is represented by following Formula. wherein, R* is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R1 and R2 are independently a C1˜C20 alkyl group, a C4˜C20 cycloalkyl group, a C6˜C20 aryl group or a C7˜C20 arylalkyl group, one of R1 and R2 may not exist, and R1 and R2 can be connected to form a ring.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds which are thyroid receptor ligands, preferably antagonists, and to methods for using such compounds in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, thyrotoxicosis and subclinical hyperthyrodism.

Abstract: A composition for recovering oil from subterranean formation by injecting an aqueous fluid containing from about 0.05 to about 2.0% by weight of a bi-functional surfactant or a mixture of surfactants containing one or more of the following structures; Optionally the aqueous fluid may contain mixtures of individual surfactants having carboxylic, and sulfonate or sulfate functionalities. The remainder of the composition includes water or brine, a cosolvent and optionally a viscosity control agent, and optionally an alkali.

Abstract: This invention relates new and improved processes for the preparation of arylalkylsulfonic acids derived from aromatic or substituted aromatic molecules and AOS acid (generally a mixture of alkenesulfonic acid and sultones, produced from the sulfonation of alpha olefins) and to cleaning compositions comprising said arylalkylsulfonic acids. The invention involves the use of a superacid catalyst to effectuate the conversion of AOS acid and aromatic reactants to arylalkylsulfonic acid under substantially anhydrous conditions, whereby a substantial improvement in the rate of conversion of the reactants to arylalkylsulfonic acid and/or improvement in mono-alkylation selectivity is realized, as compared to methods of preparation previously disclosed. Also useful as an alkylation promoter is the arylalkylsulfonic acid reaction product itself, produced in situ or from a previous reaction (i.e., a self-catalyst heel).

Abstract: The present invention relates to immunosuppressant, process for their production, their uses and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The invention provides a novel class of compounds useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases or disorders mediated by lymphocyte interactions, particularly diseases associated with EDG receptor mediated signal transduction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel reactive dyes of the formula (I) where R1 to R4 are independently hydrogen, C1–C8-alkyl, C2–C8-alkyl, wherein nonadjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by oxygen atoms or imino or C1–C4-alkylimino groups and/or CH2 groups by carbonyl groups, C2–C8-alkenyl, aryl, arylalkylene or a moiety containing a reactive group or the precursor of a reactive group, with the proviso that at least one of R1 to R4 is a moiety which contains a reactive group or the precursor of a reactive group. The present invention further relates to the use of the reactive dyes of the formula (I) for dyeing substrates containing nucleophilic groups and to preparations containing at least one reactive dye of the formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides a sulfonate of the formula (I): wherein Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 each independently represent hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, halogen, aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, aralkyl having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, cyano, sulfide, hydroxy, nitro or a group of the formula (I?) —COO—X—Cy1??(I?) wherein X represents alkylene and at least one —CH2— in the alkylene may be substituted by —O— or —S—, and Cy1 represents alicyclic hydrocarbon having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and A+ represents a counter ion, with the proviso that at least one of Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 is the group of the formula (I?).

Abstract: This invention relates new and improved processes for the preparation of arylalkylsulfonic acids derived from aromatic or substituted aromatic molecules and AOS acid (generally a mixture of alkenesulfonic acid and sultones, produced from the sulfonation of alpha olefins) and to cleaning compositions comprising said arylalkylsulfonic acids. The invention involves the use of a superacid catalyst to effectuate the conversion of AOS acid and aromatic reactants to arylalkylsulfonic acid under substantially anhydrous conditions, whereby a substantial improvement in the rate of conversion of the reactants to arylalkylsulfonic acid and/or improvement in mono-alkylation selectivity is realized, as compared to methods of preparation previously disclosed. Also useful as an alkylation promoter is the arylalkylsulfonic acid reaction product itself, produced in situ or from a previous reaction (i.e., a self-catalyst heel).

Abstract: The present invention relates to therapeutically active novel aminoindanes of formula (I). Also provided is a method of preparing compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds. The novel compounds act as modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptors and, as such, are useful in treating diseases of the central nervous system related to the metabotropic glutamate receptor system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sulfonate of the formula (I): 1

Abstract: Derivatives of C2-substituted indan-1-ol compounds, processes for their preparation and their use are disclosed. In particular, the invention relates to compounds of the formula I and to their physiologically acceptable salts and physiologically functional derivatives. The compounds are suitable, for example, for use as anorectics.

Abstract: Polysubstituted indan-1-ol compounds of formula I, its physiologically acceptable salts and physiologically functional derivatives are disclosed: Compositions comprising the same, methods of preparation and methods for the prophylaxis or treatment of obesity are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and formulations thereof which compounds are ligands, e.g., agonists or antagonists, for a metabotropic glutamate receptor or a NAALADase enzyme or both. The present invention also relates to methods of modulating the activity of a metabotropic glutamate receptor or a NAALADase enzyme or both, e.g., in a subject in need thereof, using a compound or formulation of the present invention. The present invention also relates to methods of treating a subject suffering from a chronic or acute disease, malady or condition due at least in part to an abnormality in the activity of an endogenous metabotropic glutamate receptor or a NAALADase enzyme or both, using a compound or formulation of the present invention.

Abstract: Polysubstituted indan-1-ol compounds, methods for their preparation; and methods for their use are disclosed herein. In particular, the invention relates to polysubstituted indan-1-ol compounds of the formula I and their physiologically acceptable salts. The compounds are useful, for example, as anorectics.